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Tytuł:
Statistical Optimization of Underwater Lower-Frequency Sound Insulation for Locally Resonant Sonic Material Using Genetic Algorithm
Autorzy:
Yuan, Bo
Chen, Yong
Tan, Bilian
Li, Bo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
underwater acoustic
sound insulation
local resonance
statistical optimization
global optimum
Opis:
The locally resonant sonic material (LRSM) is an artificial metamaterial that can block underwater sound. The low-frequency insulation performance of LRSM can be enhanced by coupling local resonance and Bragg scattering effects. However, such method is hard to be experimentally proven as the Best optimizing method. Hence, this paper proposes a statistical optimization method, which first finds a group of optimal solutions of an object function by utilizing genetic algorithm multiple times, and then analyzes the distribution of the fitness and the Euclidean distance of the obtained solutions, in order to verify whether the result is the global optimum. By using this method, we obtain the global optimal solution of the low-frequency insulation of LRSM. By varying parameters of the optimum, it can be found that the optimized insulation performance of the LRSM is contributed by the coupling of local resonance with Bragg scattering effect, as well as a distinct impedance mismatch between the matrix of LRSM and the surrounding water. This indicates coupling different effects with impedance mismatches is the Best method to enhance the low-frequency insulation performance of LRSM.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2019, 44, 2; 365-374
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Interaction of Resonance And Bragg Scattering Effects for the Locally Resonant Phononic Crystal with Alternating Elastic and Fluid Matrices
Autorzy:
Yuan, B.
Chen, Y.
Jiang, M.
Tang, S.
He, M.
Tu, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
locally resonant phononic crystals
effective speed of sound
coupling band gaps
underwater acoustic materials
Opis:
Three-dimensional (3D) locally resonant phononic crystals (LRPCs) are studied with the aim of optimising the sub-wavelength band gaps of such composites. By analysing their effective acoustic properties, it has been found that the effective acoustic speed of the composite will drop to zero when local resonance arise, and will increase monotonically when Bragg scattering effects occur. Moreover, if the matrix is a low-shear-speed medium, local resonators can significantly reduce the effective acoustic speed of the composite and, therefore, lower the frequency where Bragg scattering effects occur. Hence, a specific LRPC with alternating elastic and fluid matrices is proposed, whose resonance and Bragg gaps are already close in frequency. The fluid matrix behaves as a wave filter, which prevents the shear waves from propagating in the composite. By using the layer-multiple-scattering theory, the coupling behaviour of local resonance and Bragg scattering band gaps has been investigated. Both gaps are enhanced when they move closer to each other. Finally, a gap-coupled case is obtained that displays a broad sub-wavelength band gap. Such proposal excels at the application of underwater acoustic materials since the arrangement of structure can be handily adjusted for tuning the frequency of coupled gap.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 4; 725-733
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Underwater target direction of arrival estimation by small acoustic sensor array based on sparse bayesian learning
Autorzy:
Wang, B.
He, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260588.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
DOA
underwater acoustic signal processing
sparse Bayesian learning
temporally correlated source
Opis:
Assuming independently but identically distributed sources, the traditional DOA (direction of arrival) estimation method of underwater acoustic target normally has poor estimation performance and provides inaccurate estimation results. To solve this problem, a new high-accuracy DOA algorithm based on sparse Bayesian learning algorithm is proposed in terms of temporally correlated source vectors. In novel method, we regarded underwater acoustic source as a first-order auto-regressive process. And then we used the new algorithm of multi-vector SBL to reconstruct the signal spatial spectrum. Then we used the CS-MMV model to estimate the DOA. The experiment results have shown the novel algorithm has a higher spatial resolution and estimation accuracy than other DOA algorithms in the cases of less array element space and less snapshots.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, S 2; 95-102
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modern methods of underwater positioning applied in subsea mining
Współczesne metody pozycjonowania obiektów podwodnych stosowane w górnictwie morskim
Autorzy:
Tomczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350628.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
systemy akustyczne
pozycjonowanie podwodne
LBL
USBL
underwater positioning systems
acoustic positioning
Opis:
The project of subsea exploration is a long lasting and complex process. In most of the cases the underwater operations are connected with hydrographic and construction surveys that is equivalent of geodetic survey on shore. In the industry the need of constant monitoring of underwater activity such as tracking of autonomous robots and elements of infrastructures exist. It is possible by means of underwater acoustic positioning systems. The paper presents modern underwater positioning methods widely used in offshore mining sector in the aspect of system principles, measured navigation parameters and their achievable accuracy. The underwater LBL (Long Baseline) acoustic spoolpiece (segment of pipe joining the manifold and well) metrology was described and the necessary steps to have LBL system ready for logging session such as calibration of an array of transponders (baseline calibration) and finding grid coordinates of transponders in array (box in calibration). In the summary the present research directions in the field of underwater positioning were appointed.
Projekt eksploracji zasobów dna morskiego jest procesem długotrwałym i skomplikowanym. Większości operacji wykonywanych pod powierzchnią wody towarzyszą pomiary będące odpowiednikiem lądowych pomiarów geodezyjnych i topograficznych. Dodatkowo istnieje potrzeba monitorowania ruchu elementów instalowanej infrastruktury oraz robotów podwodnych, które wykonują większość prac, szczególnie na dużych głębokościach. Wyznaczanie pozycji pod wodą możliwe jest dzięki zastosowaniu hydroakustycznych systemów pozycjonowania podwodnego. W artykule dokonano syntetycznej prezentacji technik pozycjonowania podwodnego obecnie stosowanych w górnictwie morskim w aspekcie zasady działania, metody wyznaczania parametru nawigacyjnego oraz uzyskiwanych dokładności. Przedstawiono przebieg wykonania metrologii podwodnej polegającej na pomiarach przeprowadzonych techniką pozycjonowania akustycznego LBL (Long Baseline). Scharakteryzowano zadanie jakim jest metrologia odcinka rurociągu podwodnego łączącego manifold i głowicę odwiertu. Wyszczególniono kluczowe procedury pomiarowe takie jak kalibracja lokalnej sieci geodezyjnej utworzonej przez transpondery na dnie oceanu oraz metodę wyznaczania absolutnych współrzędnych transponderów LBL z wykorzystaniem pomiarów odległości z jednostki nawodnej pozycjonowanej systemem GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). W podsumowaniu opisano kierunki badań nad rozwojem systemów pozycjonowania podwodnego, z uwzględnieniem systemów akustycznych.
Źródło:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria; 2011, 35, 4/1; 381-394
1732-6702
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of the impact resistance of Kilo type submarine loaded with non-contact mine explosion
Symulacja wytrzymałości kadłuba okrętu podwodnego typu Kilo obciążonego falą ciśnienia od niekontaktowego wybuchu miny
Autorzy:
Szturomski, B.
Kiciński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:
impact resistance of the structure
model of the pressure wave
underwater explosion of TNT
acoustic medium
odporność udarowa konstrukcji
model fali ciśnienia
wybuch TNT w wodzie
ośrodek akustyczny
Opis:
The paper presents simulations of the state of stress and deformation of the Kilo class submarine hull loaded from pressure wave of non-contact mine explosion. To accomplish the task the finite element method was used. Pressure wave was described by T. L. Geers and K. S. Hunter model. The way of modeling the pressure wave using the acoustic medium implemented to CAE programs was shown. To describe the material an elastic-plastic model of Jonson-Cook which takes into account the speed of deformation was used. The paper presents pressure distribution on the Kilo type submarine hull exposed on 100 kg of TNT explosion load in front of the bow of the ship.
W artykule przedstawiono symulacje stanu naprężenia i deformacji kadłuba okrętu podwodnego klasy Kilo obciążonego falą ciśnienia od niekontaktowego wybuchu ładunku TNT. Do rozwiązania zadania wykorzystano metodę elementów skończonych. Fala ciśnienia została opisana wzorami T. L. Geersa i K. S. Huntera. Pokazano sposób modelowania fali ciśnienia przy użyciu ośrodka akustycznego realizowanego w programach CAE. Do opisu materiału użyto modelu elastyczno-plastycznego Jonsona-Cooka, który uwzględniał prędkość odkształcenia. Scharakteryzowano rozkład ciśnienia na kadłubie okrętu podwodnego typu Kilo od wybuchu 100 kg TNT przed dziobem.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2017, R. 58 nr 1 (208), 1 (208); 99-110
0860-889X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design Sensitivity Studies on a Hydroacoustic Projector Using an Experimentally Validated Easy-to-Build Model
Autorzy:
Sreejith, Vattaparambil Sreedharan
Tiwari, Nachiketa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
low frequency sound source
underwater transducer
fluid power
hydro-electro-mechano-acoustic analogy
hydraulic valve
piston
cylinder
Opis:
Hydroacoustic projectors are useful for generating low frequency sounds in water. Existing works on hydroacoustic projectors require two significant enhancements, especially for designers. First, we need to understand the influence of important projector design parameters on its performance. Such insights can be very useful in developing a compact and efficient projector. Second, there is a need for an integrated model of the projector based on easily available and user-friendly numerical tools which do not require development of complex customised mathematical analogs of projector components. The present work addresses both such needs. Towards these goals, an experimentally validated, easy-to-build projector model was developed and used to conduct design sensitivity studies. We show that reductions in pipe compliance and air content in oil, and an increase in orifice discharge coefficient can yield remarkable improvements in projector’s SPL. We also show that reductions in pipe length and cylinder diameter cause moderate improvements in performance in mass and stiffness controlled regions, respectively. In contrast, the projector performance is insensitive to changes in pistonic mass, cylinder length, and diaphragm stiffness. Finally, we report that while pipe compliance and air content in oil can sharply alter system resonance, the effects of changes in pipe length and pistonic mass on it are moderate in nature.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 1; 113-124
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Underwater Acoustic Sensor Node Scheduling using an Evolutionary Memetic Algorithm
Autorzy:
Sivakumar, V.
Rekha, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
broadcast UASN scheduling
memetic algorithm
time division multiple access
underwater acoustic sensor network
Opis:
Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UWASNs) play an important role in monitoring the aqueous environment which has created a lot of interest for researchers and scientists. Utilization of underwater acoustic sensor node (UASN) scheduling for transmission remains, due to the limited acoustic bandwidth available, a challenge in such an environment. One of the methods to overcome this problem is to efficiently schedule UASN data using time division multiple access (TDMA) protocols the parallel transmissions, simultaneously avoiding interference. The paper shows how to optimize the utilization of acoustic sensor node bandwidth by maximizing the possible node transmissions in the TDMA frame and also by minimizing the node's turnaround wait time for its subsequent transmissions by using an evolutionary memetic algorithm (MA). The simulation of MA-TDMA proves that as the size of the network increases, every node in UWASN transmits with an average minimal turnaround transmission time. It also proves that as the TDMA cycle repeats, the overall network throughput gets maximized by increasing the possible node transmissions in the MA-TDMA frame.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 1; 88-94
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance of coherent modulation scheme used in acoustic underwater communication system
Autorzy:
Schmidt, Jan H.
Schmidt, Aleksander M.
Kochańska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127757.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
underwater acoustic communications
shallow underwater channel
coherent modulation
akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
płytki kanał podwodny
modulacja koherentna
Opis:
The development of an acoustic underwater communication system for shallow waters is still a big scientific and construction challenge. Currently, non-coherent modulations in combination with strong channel coding are used to achieve reliable communication with low rate in such a channel. To obtain transmission with a higher transmission rate, it is required to use coherent modulation. This paper presents the assumptions of such a transmission system and the results of data transmission carried out by this system in the channel with the Rician fading, which reflects the short range shallow water channel. A digital version of the carrier phase modulation known as Phase-Shift Keying was selected for simulation.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2019, 30, 1; 1-8
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
Autorzy:
Schmidt, Jan H.
Kochańska, Iwona
Schmidt, Aleksander M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
direct sequence spread spectrum
DSSS
m-sequences
Kasami codes
shallow-water channel
multipath propagation
underwater acoustic communications
UAC
Opis:
The underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS data transmission tests in the simulation and experimental environment, using different types of pseudo-noise sequences: m-sequences and Kasami codes of the order 6 and 8. The transmitted signals are of different bandwidth and the detection at the receiver side was performed using two detection methods: non-differential and differential. The performed experiments allowed to draw important conclusions for the designing of a physical layer of the shallow-water UAC system. Both, m-sequences and Kasami codes allow to achieve a similar bit error rate, which at best was less than 10−3. At the same time, the 6th order sequences are not long enough to achieve an acceptable BER under strong multipath conditions. In the case of transmission of wideband signals the differential detection algorithm allows to achieve a significantly better BER (less than 10−2) than nondifferential one (BER not less than 10−1). In the case of narrowband signals the simulation tests have shown that the non-differential algorithm gives a better BER, but experimental tests under conditions of strong multipath propagation did not confirm it. The differential algorithm allowed to achieve a BER less than 10−2 in experimental tests, while the second algorithm allowed to obtain, at best, a BER less than 10−1. In addition, two indicators have been proposed for a rough assessment which of the detection algorithms under current propagation conditions in the channel will allow to obtain a better BER.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2024, 49, 1; 129-140
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synchronization system for underwater acoustic communications using in shallow waters
Autorzy:
Schmidt, Jan H.
Schmidt, Aleksander M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
synchronization system
underwater acoustic communications
shallow water
układy synchronizacji
akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
wody płytkie
Opis:
A reliable synchronization system of the transmitted data frame has a significant impact on the efficiency of the underwater communication system. This applies in particular to communication systems dedicated to work in shallow waters, where the phenomenon of multipath permanently occurs. To overcome these difficulties, the concept of a synchronization system consisting of two broadband signals of opposite monotonicity was presented. The method of receiving these signals has been described in detail. The stochastic channel model with Rician fading and the Watermark simulator was used to test the efficiency of the synchronization system in the underwater multipath channel.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2023, 34, 1; art. no. 2023102
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Underwater acoustic communication system using broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency
Autorzy:
Schmidt, Jan H.
Schmidt, Aleksander M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
underwater acoustic communication
shallow water
hyperbolic modulation frequency signals
akustyczna komunikacja podwodna
wody płytkie
hiperboliczna modulacja sygnałów częstotliwościowych
Opis:
The implementation of reliable acoustic underwater communication in shallow waters is a scientific and engineering challenge, mainly due to the permanent occurrence of the multipath phenomenon. The article presents the concept of a transmission system using a broadband signal with hyperbolically modulated frequency (HFM) to transmit data symbols and synchronize data frames. The simulation tests were carried out in channels with Rician fading, reflecting the short- and medium-range shallow water channels. The simulation also took into account the presence of additive Gaussian noise in the channel on the functioning of the receiver. The obtained results prove the high reliability of the underwater communication system based on broadband HFM signals.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2021, 32, 1; art. no. 2021116
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
General analysis of broadband signal spatial filtration
Autorzy:
Salamon, R.
Rudnicki, M.
Schmidt, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
Tematy:
acoustics
spatial filtration
underwater acoustic
Opis:
The majority of underwater acoustic systems use narrow band sounding signals. Consequently, there is extensive knowledge on how the relevant spatial filters should be analysed and designed. The difficulty begins when the sounding signal has a broad spectrum. Applying the results of narrow band signal analysis to broadband signals leads to serious errors. The same is true for spatial filtration methods when applied to narrow band signals. The article presents a general method for analysing spatial filters designed for broadband signals. It also gives an assessment of the errors caused by applying spatial filtration methods designed for narrow band signals.
Źródło:
Hydroacoustics; 2003, 6; 251-260
1642-1817
Pojawia się w:
Hydroacoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Efficient Edge Preserving Interpolation Method for Underwater Acoustic Image Resolution Enhancement
Autorzy:
Priyadharsini, R.
Sree Sharmila, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
acoustic images
edge preserving interpolation
resolution enhancement
sonar
underwater
Opis:
Underwater acoustic images are acquired using sonar instrument that uses sound propagation to navigate and map the sea floor. The sonar devices are effectively used to create images of large area of the seabed. However, the visual perception of the object in the acoustic image depends on refraction, which is a function of changes in the speed of sound in successive layers of water. And refraction depends mainly on temperature, slightly on salinity and hydrostatic pressure. The quality and resolution of sonar imaging of the bottom depends on many other factors such as pitch, yaw and heave of the side scan sonar, the presence of volume scatterers in the water body, the distance of the sonar from the bottom and orientation of the object. Generally, the objects in an acoustic image would be of small size compared to their normal size as the distance between the sonar and object is larger. To detect and recognize the objects in the images, the resolution should be enhanced. In this paper, we propose an efficient edge preserving interpolation method for underwater acoustic image resolution enhancement which preserves the edge sharpness. The method handles the diagonal pixels in the first pass, in turn fills the horizontal and vertical pixels in the second pass. The results obtained are compared with the state-of-the-art interpolation techniques and the performance measures such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM) shows an improved result.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 2; 267-274
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of VBLAST Equalization Technique for Underwater Acoustic Communications
Autorzy:
Pranitha, B.
Anjaneyulu, L.
Minh, Hoa
Aslam, Nauman
Kumar, Sandeep V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227284.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
underwater acoustic communication (UWAC)
multiple input multiple output (MIMO)
zero-forcing (ZF)
vertical-Bell laboratories layered space-time (VBLAST)
Opis:
Underwater Acoustic Communications (UWAC) is an emerging technology in the field of underwater communications, and it is challenging because of the signal attenuation of the sound waves. Multiple Input and Multiple- Output (MIMO) is introduced in UWAC because of its support in enhancing the data throughput even under the conditions of interference, signal fading, and multipath. The paper presents the concept and analysis of 2 × 2 MIMO UWAC systems that uses a 4 - QAM spatial modulation scheme thus minimizing the decoding complexity and overcoming the Inter Channel Interference (IChI). Bit Error Rate (BER) investigation is carried out over different link distances under acoustic Line of Sight (LOS). The utilization of Zero Forcing (ZF) and Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (VBLAST) equalizers, which estimates the transmitted data proves a success of removing Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). The ISI caused due to multipath effect and scattering in UWAC can be reduced by iterative process considered in VBLAST. A study is made on how the distance between the transmitter and the receiver and the Doppler Effect has its impact on the performance of the system.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 2; 331-337
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spoofing detection for underwater acoustic GNSS-like positioning systems
Autorzy:
Ochin, Evgeny
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135055.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
antiterrorism
GNSS
spoofer
antispoofing
spoofing detection algorithm
underwater vehicle
underwater transport safety
acoustic communication
Opis:
The need for accuracy, precision, and data registration in underwater positioning and navigation should be viewed as no less stringent than that which exists on the sea surface. In the same way in which GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receivers rely on the signals from multiple satellites to calculate a precise position, undersea vehicles discern their location by ranging to the acoustic signals originating from several fixed underwater acoustic sources using the Time-of-Arrival algorithm (ToA) through the Ordinary Least Squares method (OLS). In this article, the scope has been limited to only considering underwater positioning systems in which the navigation receiver is acoustically passive. The receiver “listens” to the buoys, receives their messages and solves the problem of finding its own position based on the geographical coordinates of the buoys. Often, such systems are called GNSS-like Underwater Positioning Systems (GNSS-like UPS). It is important to note the distinction between general purpose GNSS-like UPS (mainly civil systems) and special purpose GNSS-like UPS (mainly military systems). In this article, only general purpose GNSS-like UPS systems have been considered. Depending on the scale of system’s service areas, GNSS-like UPS are divided into global, regional, zonal and local systems. Only local GNSS-like UPS systems have been considered in this article. The spoofing of acoustic GNSS-like UPS works as follows: the acoustic GNSS signal generator transmits a simulated signal of several satellites. If the level of the simulated signal exceeds the signal strength of the real satellites, the acoustic receiver of an underwater object will “capture” the fake signal and calculate a false position based on it. All receivers that fall into the spoofing zone will calculate the same coordinates, while the receivers located in different places will have a mismatch in the XYZ coordinates.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2019, 57 (129); 38-46
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 27

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