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    Tytuł:
    Seasonal characteristics of nutrient and nutrient structure in the Yangtze River estuary
    Autorzy:
    Li, Lei
    Xv, Guodong
    Zheng, Yingjie
    Jiang, Mei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311574.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    Yangtze River estuary
    nutrient
    spatial distribution
    temporal distribution
    trophic structure
    Opis:
    This data article aimed to evaluate the influencing mechanisms of the nutrients and the level of eutrophication in the Yangtze River estuary. The seasonal characteristics of nutrients (dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), SiO3-2–Si, and PO43-P) in the seawater of the Yangtze River estuary were analyzed by conducting surveys in spring and summer of 2019. The findings revealed that the concentrations of all nutrient at the surface and bottom layers were lower in spring compared to summer. NO3–N was typically the major form of DIN. Runoff was identified as the primary source of DIN and SiO32−–Si, while PO43−–P originated from a various sources. The SiO32−–Si, while PO43−–P values in the surface and bottom layers during the spring and summer were higher than the Redfield values, indicating an imbalanced nutrient distribution. Furthermore, discrepancies were observed in the distributions of DIN/PO43−–P, SiO32−–Si/DIN, and SiO32−–Si/PO43−–P in the Yangtze River estuary. Through an examination of the ratio of DIN/PO43−–P absorbed by phytoplankton, PO43−–P was identified as a potential limiting factor for nutrition in the sea area of the Yangtze River estuary during spring and summer. The Eutrophication Index (E) values for both spring and summer were found to be higher than the eutrophication threshold, indicating severe eutrophication in the studied sea area.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Environmental Protection; 2023, 49, 3; 115--122
    2083-4772
    2083-4810
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Environmental Protection
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zabieg krótkoterminowej biomanipulacji ekologicznej zastosowany w trzech śródleśnych płytkich jeziorach
    Results of Short-Term Ecological Biomanipulation in Three Forest Shallow Lakes
    Autorzy:
    Czerniawski, R.
    Sługocki, Ł
    Domagała, J.
    Pilecka-Rapacz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818576.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    rekultywacja jezior
    biomanipulacja
    struktura troficzna
    lake restoration
    biomanipulation
    trophic structure
    Opis:
    A crucial factor affecting the rate of eutrophication is the characteristics of the catchment area of lakes. The most visible result of excessive eutrophication is rapidly deteriorating transparency of waters in the summer which is caused by rapid development of planktonic algae. Another symptom of this process is gradual overgrowth of water reservoirs and watercourses by macrophytes. Hence, in order to improve the quality of water in these lakes the renovation treatment is applied. Lakes restoration can be made in many ways: physical, chemical and biological. The chemical and physical methods of lakes restoration are invasive and controversial. However, one of the relatively not invasive methods of lakes restoration is ecological biomanipulation. The goal of biomanipulation is to reduce the concentration of harmful phytoplankton, by the stocking of predatory fish triggers a trophic cascade with decreases in the biomass of smaller-bodied fish, e.g. cyprinids, increases in the biomass of herbivorous zooplankton, and decreases in the biomass of harmful phytoplankton. In some cases plankton-eating fish have been removed directly by lake managers. In addition, the removal of bottom-feeding fish from shallow lakes leads to increases in rooted vegetation and increased water clarity as the rooted plants stabilize the sediments. This transition involves a trophic cascade, as herbivorous zooplankton increase in biomass and consume phytoplankton, but also involves the direct effects of rooted vegetation on sediment stability and nutrient cycling. The most frequent cause of fast eutrophication is the runoff of untreated sewage directly into the waters of lakes and rivers or the excessive runoff of biogenic compounds from agricultural catchment areas. Forest lakes because of far distance from agglomeration and agricultural areas are in lesser extent exposed on the human pressure. Generally, one unfavorable variable affected these lakes is angling pressure. Thus, due to the lack of pollution and the relative stabilization of the mid-forest lakes they are a good place to conduct the ecological biomanipulation. The aim of the present study was to determine the short-term biomanipulation effectiveness in three shallow forest lakes. Biomanipulation was performed by stocking in 2012 to these lakes a summer fry of pike (200 ind. ha-1) and zander (150 ind. ha-1). Before the biomanipulation (in 2011) a control study of physic-chemical parameters, ichthyofauna and zooplankton composition were made. After the biomanipulation (in 2014) the same control study were conducted. Before and after the biomanipulation period significant changes in values of physic-chemical variables were not observed. Similarly, a slight changes in ichthyofauna composition between these two period occurred. The roach and bream were the biomass dominants. Only the zooplankton composition obtained pronounced changes, but statistically not significant. The most visible differences in zooplankton abundance concerned cladocerans – group that the most affect the phytoplankton decreasing. After the biomanipulation abundance of cladocerans increased from 31% to 67%. According to the results, it can be concluded that the biomanipulation time in study lakes was too short to make significant changes. To get a better effect of biomanipulation a successive stocking with summer or autumn fry of pike and zander should be conducted, even in 1000 ind. ha-1. Finally, we can assume that in the forest, shallow, highly eutrophic lakes a biomanipulation with predatory fish may be sufficient for their effective restoration.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, Tom 17, cz. 2; 1207-1223
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena wystepowania larw Diptera w glebach Lasu Wolskiego i na przyleglej lace
    Autorzy:
    Chrzan, A
    Marko-Worlowska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/794589.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    wystepowanie
    taksonomia
    gleby
    Diptera
    zageszczenie
    Las Wolski
    biomasa
    laki
    larwy
    struktura troficzna
    tereny przylegle
    occurrence
    taxonomy
    soil
    population density
    Las Wolski area
    biomass
    meadow
    larva
    trophic structure
    surrounding area
    Opis:
    Porównywano zespoły larw Diptera w glebach Lasu Wolskiego i przyległej do niego łąki. Na podstawie wyników uzyskanych w trakcie pięcioletnich badań stwierdzono różnice w zespołach tych larw, które dotyczą: 1. zagęszczenia - w 1 m² gleby leśnej zanotowano występowanie 555 osobników, zaś w glebie łąkowej jedynie 129 osobników; 2. stanu biomasy - zdecydowanie wyższą biomasą zespołu (839,51 mg s.m.) charakteryzowały się larwy występujące w glebie lasu. W glebie łąkowej biomasa larw wynosiła 139,64 mg s.m.; 3. średniego ciężaru osobniczego larw - znacznie wyższego w glebie lasu (1,51 mg s.m.) niż w glebie łąki (1,08 mg s.m.); 4. zróżnicowania larw - wyraźnie wyższe na stanowisku łąkowym, gdzie stwierdzono przedstawicieli 17 rodzin. W lesie natomiast wyodrębniono ich 14; 5. struktury dominacji w biomasie - w strukturze troficznej zespołu larw w Lesie Wolskim dominowały formy fitosaprofagiczne (46,6% udziału), zaś w zespole larw w glebie łąki dominowały formy drapieżne (53,8% udziału). Różnice w zespołach glebowych larw Diptera na stanowiskach leśnych w porównaniu z łąkowymi są wykazywane przez wielu autorów, jednak uzyskane w toku badań aż tak znaczne różnice mogą wskazywać na mniejszy wpływ antropopresji na gleby Lasu Wolskiego niż na glebę przyległej do niego łąki. Jednocześnie dominacja biomasy larw drapieżnych w strukturze troficznej zespołu larw na łące świadczyć może o dużej naturalności łąki.
    The groups of Diptera larvae living in soils of both the Wolski forest and the neighbouring meadow were compared. Taking into account the results of five-year studies the differences in groups of larvae were observed which concerned the following areas: 1. the density - per 1 sq. m of forest soil 555 individuals were observed whereas in the meadow soil only 129 were present; 2. biomass state - larvae of the Wolski forest soil were characterized by definitely greater biomass (89.51 mg DM) than those living in the meadow soil (139.64 mg DM); 3. average individual weight of larvae - those living in forest soil were heavier (1.51 mg DM) than those of meadow soil (1.08 mg DM); 4. diversity of larvae - in meadow soil the representatives of 17 families were detected whereas in the forest soil only 14 were present; 5. domination structure in biomass - in trophic structure of the larvae group in the Wolski forest phytosaprophages (46.6%) dominated whereas in the larvae group of meadow soil predators (53.8%) prevailed. Many authors reported the differences in the groups of Diptera larvae in forest and meadow localities. However, the results obtained in the research denote significant discrepancy and they may indicate weaker influence of antropogenic pressure on the soil of Wolski forest than on the adjacent meadow soil. At the same time, domination of predator larvae biomass in trophic structure of the group of larvae in meadow soil may indicate the wilderness of meadow.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 2006, 515; 37-45
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zooplankton structure in high latitude fjords with contrasting oceanography (Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen)
    Autorzy:
    Ormanczyk, M.R.
    Gluchowska, M.
    Olszewska, A.
    Kwasniewski, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47860.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    zooplankton
    stock size
    Hornsund Region
    Kongsfjorden
    Spitsbergen
    taxonomic composition
    size structure
    biogeography
    hydrography
    trophic relation
    Atlantic water
    environment change
    Opis:
    Zooplankton inhabiting the Hornsund and Kongsfjorden fjords on Spitsbergen (Svalbard) were investigated in summer 2013. The goal of the study was to determine how the zooplankton communities vary in environments functioning under different oceanographic regimes. Sampling was conducted with nets of different mesh size and selectivity (56 μm WP-2, 180 μm MultiNet, and 1000 μm Tucker Trawl), which permitted comparing a wide size spectrum of zooplankton components. Species composition did not differ substantially between the fjords, but the zooplankton in Hornsund was almost two times less numerous, and it had lower biomass per unit volume. The highest abundance at both sites was in the smallest zooplankton size fraction found only in samples taken with 56 μm mesh WP-2 net. These comprised as much as 71% and 58% of the total zooplankton abundance in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, respectively. The communities in both fjords had comparable contributions of Arctic and boreo-Arctic species biomass in the year of the study. However, the comparison of zooplankton characteristics over several years showed changes in abundance and biogeographic structure that corresponded with variations in the physical environments of the fjords. The results of the study permit predicting the possible effects of the increasing influence of Atlantic waters on zooplankton communities inhabiting Arctic marine pelagic ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Phytoplankton size structure and species composition as an indicator of trophic status in transitional ecosystems: the case study of a Mediterranean fjord-like karstic bay
    Autorzy:
    Bosak, S.
    Silovic, T.
    Ljubesic, Z.
    Kuspilic, G.
    Pestoric, B.
    Krivokapic, S.
    Vilicic, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48711.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    phytoplankton community
    size structure
    species composition
    trophic status
    ecosystem
    aquatic ecosystem
    picophytoplankton
    Adriatic Sea
    Boka Kotorska Bay
    karstic bay
    Opis:
    The species composition and size-structure of the phytoplankton community in the Boka Kotorska Bay (SE Adriatic Sea) were analysed with respect to abundance and carbon biomass, together with the physico-chemical parameters, with the aim of evaluating the predefined oligo-mesotrophic status of this transitional water ecosystem. Three stations located in the inner part of the Bay were sampled with seasonal frequency in 2008/2009. Picophytoplankton cells were counted using flow cytometry; nanophytoplankton and microphytoplankton were identified and counted by light microscopy. The relative importance of the picoplankton in the Bay, in terms of both abundance and biomass, during all the investigated seasons emphasized their significance in the phytoplankton community. Picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus) constituted a significant part of the summer assemblages with regard to both abundance (up to 3.38 × 108 cells L−1) and carbon biomass (up to 73% of total phytoplankton carbon). The contribution of the nanophytoplankton was found to be generally low (<20% of the total phytoplankton carbon) in all seasons, and was dominated by autotrophic/mixotrophic flagellates. Species with a preference towards nutrient-enriched conditions, like the diatom Skeletonema marinoi, dominated the microphytoplankton fraction. S. marinoi was the most abundant in spring/winter (up to 2.86×106 cells L−1) above the halocline (making a 96% contribution to the microphytoplankton). The potentially toxin-producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima was recorded at abundances greater than 105 cells L−1, together with Thalassionema frauenfeldii, as well as the dinoflagellates Prorocentrum micans and the potentially harmful P. minimum. The higher values of phytoplankton biomass and the dominance of phytoplankton species or groups with preferences for nutrient-enriched conditions appear to be consistent with the oligo-mesotrophic status of this specific ecosystem.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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