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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    An analysis of commercially recommended profiles for normobaric preacclimatization
    Autorzy:
    Tannheimer, Markus
    Lechner, Raimund
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098231.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-02
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    acute mountain sickness (AMS)
    high attitude
    acclimatization
    normobaric hypoxia
    trekking
    expedition mountaineering
    Opis:
    Introduction: Normobaric hypoxic training (NHT) for preacclimatization at home has found its way into commercial expedition mountaineering. Portable NH-generators produce a normobaric hypoxic gas mixture that can be inhaled using breathing masks at rest or during exercise or it can be pumped into lightweight tents for sleeping. These devices can be rented from commercial companies.Materials and methods: Prior to an expedition to Manaslu (8163 m) NHT was used for preacclimatization over a period of 10 days. Our regimen involved a greater increase in sleeping altitude (10 nights to reach 5400 m) than recommended by the rental company (30 nights to reach 3900 m). Results: No incidents occurred during NHT. Our regimen induced sufficient acclimatization to Manaslu Base Camp (4900 m), as evidenced by the fact that none of the expedition members suffered from AMS although they reached base camp within 2 days from Kathmandu – by helicopter flight to 3500 m and a one day walk the next day. Eight days after leaving Kathmandu, camp III was reached at 6850 m.Conclusions: At natural altitudes above 2500 m an increase of sleeping altitude should not exceed 300-500 m per day. Below 2500 m, there are no restrictions. It is therefore unclear why the company recommends such a slow increase in sleeping altitude. In our opinion, it is not necessary for healthy persons to start with a sleeping altitude below 2500 m. In contrast to natural altitudes, NH exposure can be instantly stopped if symptoms occur. Therefore, it seems safe to expose healthy persons to more liberal normobarichypoxic conditions.
    Źródło:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2021, 14, 1; 25-29
    2544-9117
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected health issues related to high altitude trekking
    Autorzy:
    Prószyńska-Bordas, Hanna
    Baranowska, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084783.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-05-27
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    mountaineering
    high altitude trekking
    mountains
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper was to investigate health aspects of high altitude trekking such as preparation for the physical exertion during trekking at high altitude, the impact of mountaineering on the daily life before and after the expedition, the effect of high-mountain conditions on health and well-being. It was found that in the pre-departure period trekkers commonly train to ensure that they are physically fit for the expedition. They train alone or under the supervision of a trainer. Self-prepared workouts may turn out to be insufficient due to the lack of appropriate training plans. The most challenging aspects of high altitude trekking for the body include carrying too heavy equipment, dealing with illegibly marked routes, wearing inappropriate clothing, having an unbalanced diet, not having enough water, which can lead to dehydration and infections. Misconduct by other people poses a risk. The specific type of effort involved in mountaineering requires balanced nutrition in terms of both micro- and macro-elements. To find the right combination, one has to either experiment or seek advice from a dietitian. However, relatively few people consult a nutrition coach. Among sanitary problems, the most serious one is inappropriate human waste disposal, the resulting lack of drinkable water. Some of the observed problems result from insufficient regulations regarding the conduct in the mountains and from trekkers’ lack of awareness regarding good practices in such extreme conditions.
    Źródło:
    Studia Periegetica; 2021, 33(1); 41-65
    1897-9262
    2658-1736
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Periegetica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The need for specific first aid and emergency knowledge whilst trekking in remote areas – results of the ADEMED (Aachen DEntal and MEDical) Expedition to the Annapurna region, Nepal
    Autorzy:
    Scharfenberg, C.
    Lechner, K.
    Giet, S. v.d.
    Hettlich, M.
    Schöffl, V.
    Morrison, A.
    Küpper, Thomas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098229.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-08
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    trekking
    emergencies
    accidents
    first aid
    training
    Opis:
    Introduction: Fellow trekkers are often the first responders to their comrades in remote settings. Not everyone undertakes First Aid (FA) training when travelling to remote settings away from comprehensive healthcare, whether travelling independently or in a group. The syllabus of standard urbanised FA courses does not fully cover the needs of such trekkers (ie altitude illnesses). We evaluated the FA and emergency knowledge of trekkers en route in the remote Nepalese Himalayas.Material and methods: A questionnaire about FA, trekking emergencies and water hygiene knowledge was completed by a cohort of 453 trekkers passing through Manang (3,519 m), Nepal, who volunteered their participation. A previously validated questionnaire consisted of 20 multiple choice questions (each using a five-point Likert scale) was used, followed by a subjective self-assessment of 17 key topics using a 5-point rating scale from very good to unsatisfactory knowledge. Demographic data including FA and climbing experience was also collected.Results: The participants generally showed a poor knowledge in FA and trekking emergencies, even though 20.8% had some occupational medical training. In total 59.5% of possible answers were answered correctly. On average each participant managed to answer only one out of 20 questions (5.4%) completely correct. The most unsatisfactory results concerned the following topics, each with only 2.4% correct answers: hypothermia/resuscitation, rescue strategies and rip fractures. The best results were for HACE 33.8%, cranio-cerebral injury 33.6%, angina pectoris/heart attack 31.8% and hypovolemic shock 28.7%. The majority of participants had very limited experience of climbing mountains, rock climbing or ice climbing.Conclusions: This study provides essential data identifying deficiencies in standard FA courses that are targeted for urban settings, and not for trekkers in a remote setting far away from comprehensive health care and rescue. There is a need to develop readily accessible FA curriculums specific to trekkers that would provide education on preventative care prior to, during, and after treks, and to improve their knowledge of medical care of trekking injuries and emergencies.
    Źródło:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2021, 14, 1; 17-24
    2544-9117
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Model Contract for Health Care on Trekking and Expeditions for Doctors – Recommendation of the Medical Commission of the Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme (UIAA)
    Autorzy:
    Küpper, Thomas
    Hillebrandt, David
    Milledge, Jim
    Basnayt, Buddha
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098028.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-06
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    trekking
    wyprawa
    umowa
    odpowiedzialność
    prawa
    expedition
    contract
    responsibilities
    rights
    Opis:
    This suggested contract document attempts to clarify the rights and obligations of the tour operator (referred to herein as “organization”, OR), the ED and the EX to avoid trouble and misunderstandings during the trip. Being an Expedition or Trekking Doctor (referred to herein as “Expedition Doctor”, ED) is more than being merely a member which advises others in case of a health problem during the trip and who may get a discount on organized trips! An ED has specific responsibilities, has to provide special skills, and must always accept responsibility for any diagnosis made, whether right or wrong. Both, the tour operator and the participants of the Expedition (referred to herein as “Expedition”, EX) have their individual and often conflicting interests to which the ED’s own mountaineering interests must also be added. However, to minimize the possible multiple risks associated with these conflicts of interest, the rights, obligations and priorisation of medical and expedition scheduling should be made clear well in advance of the expedition. The following is a model text which may be adapted to an EX’s specific demands. In this text, EX includes the organizers of the trip, the expedition’s leaders and the participants.
    Źródło:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2020, 13, 4; 14-17
    2544-9117
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Practicability of Enteritis – prevention in Trekking and Mountaineering at High Altitude by Systematic Hand Disinfection
    Autorzy:
    Ulmer, Hans-Volkhart
    Risse, Julia
    Küpper, Thomas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-07
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    wspinaczka górska
    biegunka
    profilaktyka zakażeń pokarmowych
    dezynfekcja rąk
    higiena rąk
    trekking
    mountaineering
    diarrhea
    enteritis prevention
    hand disinfection
    hand gel
    Opis:
    Introduction: The hygienic conditions during trekking or mountaineering at high altitudes are reduced, especially regarding defecation and hand hygiene. An additional problem exists in regions above the snowline, especially in highly frequented regions: snow may be contaminated by faecal microbes, causing diarrhea. Prevention against faecal-oral infections must include not only disinfection of drinking water, but hand disinfection, too, e.g. by a water-free hand gel. The practicability of this measure was tested during a Himalaya expedition on the way to Mt. Everest. Material and methods: 10 participants were instructed to use Stokosept-Gel, an alcohol based skin disinfectant, at least prior to meals, after using a toilet and after handling boot-laces and to note each use (including additional occasions). Results: A very good practicability of using the hand gel, which was absorbed quickly (ca. ¼ min) was reported. 100 ml were sufficient for at least 2 weeks and there were no side effects or problems at the skin. During the mountaineering phase which included a total of 250 person days in the field no diarrhea occurred. Conclusion: We conclude that using such hand gels is – additional to other procedures – a very practical prevention against diarrhea in mountaineering at high altitude.
    Źródło:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2020, 13, 4; 25-28
    2544-9117
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk Management and First Aid Knowledge of Trekkers in Nepal
    Autorzy:
    Lechner, K.
    Scharfenberg, C.
    Hettlich, E.M.
    Giet, S.
    Morrison, Audry
    Schöffl, Volker
    Küpper, Thomas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098189.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-07
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    trekking
    alpinizm
    aklimatyzacja
    zarządzanie ryzykiem
    choroba wysokościowa
    mountaineering emergencies
    acute mountain sickness
    acclimatization
    risk management
    Opis:
    Background: Trekking in Nepal is popular and generally safe. However preventable trekking injuries and deaths are often the result of poor risk managementand lack of skills – i.e. acute mountain sickness (AMS) and specific First Aid (FA). Shlim and Gallie’s reviews in 1992 and 2004 of trekking deaths here found a fivefold higher risk for fatal outcomes in organized trekking tours (OT) compared to independently organised trekkers (IT), including preventable deaths (i.e. AMS). Our survey sought to identify the AMS, FA and risk management knowledge/skills of OT and IT whilst trekking in Nepal. Methods: Based on previous pilot studies at the Khumbu region in Nepal, and on risk management information provided by leading German trekking operators, a survey was conducted using two questionnaires: one each for OT and IT.The study site was Manang (3,500m) in Annapurna region, Nepal. All trekkers passing through this site who volunteered their participation were included. For evaluation descriptive statistical methods and non-parametric tests were used. Results: 442 questionnaires were completed (155 OT; 287 IT). Mean agewas 36.4 +/– 12.0y and 61% were male. Mountaineering experience was low and FA training was scarce in both groups. IT (92.7%) followed acclimatization recommendations and 59.2% carried AMS medication, compared respectively to OT at 63.2% and 25.2%. Only 27.1% of OT had repatriation plans for a medical emergency. Conclusions: Most of OT and IT were inexperienced in mountaineering and in mountain emergencies. The preparedness of OT overall was inadequate and over-reliant on the organisers whose skills may also be inadequate when responding to an emergency. Responsible trekking should require that more than one person in a group have adequate, up-to-date riskassessment/management and FA skills specific to the trek, and in particular an understanding of altitude profile, AMS, and individual abilities.
    Źródło:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2020, 13, 4; 21-24
    2544-9117
    Pojawia się w:
    Health Promotion & Physical Activity
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A geotouristic valuation of the Marsyangdi Valley in the Annapurna Himal region and its potential for the development of geotourist attractions
    Ocena geoturystyczna doliny Marsyangdi regionu Annapurny Himal i jej potencjał w tworzeniu atrakcji geoturystycznych
    Autorzy:
    Łach, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/128331.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    Himalayas
    Annapurna Himal
    Marsyangdi valley
    geotourist valuation
    trekking
    Himalaje
    dolina Marsyangdi
    waloryzacja geoturystyczna
    Opis:
    The Marsyangdi Valley in the Annapurna Himal region is one of the most popular tourist-trekking attractions in Nepal. The performed evaluation of geotourist (geomorphological and hydrographic) objects and phenomena demonstrated a wide range of forms and, correspondingly, a huge potential for the development of geotourist attractions. The structure of The Marsyangdi Valley, which is a representative of a valley region of the High Himalaya, situated on metamorphic rocks, shows the co-existence of three major geomorphic processes: glacial, fluvial and slope, which determine specific landscape forms. Since the late 20th century, the landscape has been heavily affected by anthropogenic factors (grazing, land cultivation, settlement), reaching as far as 3500 meters above sea level, as well as by the dynamic growth and development of tourism. Expanding tourist infrastructure contributes to, inter alia, the degradation of the narrow valley bottom (tourist accommodation) and to increased mass movement on tourist trails. Despite its negative effects, tourism also exerts a positive influence on the preservation of the cultural heritage (sacred sites), which largely dominate the landscape and are a significant tourist attraction. The research was instrumental in defining the Marsyangdi Valley, characteristic of a geomorphological trail, as an excellent and qualified attraction in geotourist-exploratory tourism.
    Dolina Marsyangdi należąca do regionu Annapurny Himal jest jedną z najpopularniejszych atrakcji turystycznych – trekkingowych Nepalu. Przeprowadzona pod kątem obiektów i zjawisk geoturystycznych (geomorfologicznych i hydrograficznych) ocena ukazała jej dużą różnorodność form, a tym samym duży potencjał atrakcji geoturystycznych. W strukturze doliny Marsyangdi, będącej przykładem dolin obszaru Himalajów Wysokich, wyróżniono współistnienie trzech głównych procesów geomorfologicznych: glacjalnych, fluwialnych i stokowych, warunkujących specyficzne formy o wysokich walorach krajobrazowych, które od końca XX wieku podlegają szybkiej destrukcji w wyniku antropopresji. Czynniki antropogeniczne tj. hodowla, uprawa, czy osadnictwo sięgające nawet do 3500 m n.p.m., a obecnie jeszcze turystyka, przyczyniają się do wzrostu aktywności procesów geomorfologicznych m.in. ruchów masowych, w tym na szlakach turystycznych. Jednakże oprócz negatywnego wpływu turystyki na uwagę zasługuje jej pozytywne oddziaływanie w szczególności w kwestii ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego, czego przykładem są odnawiane obiekty sakralne stanowiące niezwykłą dominantę krajobrazu oraz istotną atrakcję turystyczną. Badania pozwoliły zdefiniować obszar Doliny Marsyangdi jako odpowiedni do uprawiania turystyki kwalifikowanej, poznawczej – geoturystyki.
    Źródło:
    Geotourism / Geoturystyka; 2015, 3-4; 39-56
    1731-0830
    Pojawia się w:
    Geotourism / Geoturystyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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