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Tytuł:
Application of growth traits and qualitative indices for selection of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) elite trees. A case study from Volyn region, western Ukraine
Autorzy:
Voitiuk, Vasyl
Andreieva, Valentyna
Kychyliuk, Oleksandr
Hetmanchuk, Anatolii
Klisz, Marcin
Mohytych, Vasyl
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
tree breeding
half-sib families
progeny tests
DBH
height growth
Opis:
Since the plus trees are selected based on phenotype, it is necessary to evaluate them in progeny test. The aim of this study is an indication of selecting elite mother trees based on the results from half-sib progeny test trials. As study sites, two Scots pine half-sib progeny tests were selected. During evaluation, the progenies had reached the age of 38 and 40 years, respectively. In both progeny trials, quantitative parameters and qualitative traits of Scots pine half-sib progenies were investigated. Based on these data, complex evaluation of half-sib families was carried out. We concluded that, Scots pine progenies at the age of 38 and 40 years in fresh and moist mixed forests are characterised by acceptable quality, with the survival being 25%–33% per progeny test trial. Based on a complex evaluation of 38- and 40-year-old half-sib progenies of plus trees, we proposed to select 31% of tested plus/mother trees as candidates for elite trees. Further, the list of candidates for elite trees was created with five plus trees from the Volyn region (26% of the total tested from the region) and four plus trees from the Lviv region (40% of the total tested from the region). With age, the share of the best and undesirable trees decreases, while the proportion of intermediate trees increases in both control trees and half-sib progenies. At the age of 38 and 40 years, the proportion of fast-growing offspring was from 0% to 36%, while the declining trend that was observed in previous years was being continued. Thus, due to the declining trend in the proportion of fast-growing offspring observed at the age of 38 and 40 years, we propose to select candidate trees for an elite group not early than after 40 years of test their progenies.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 3; 199-209
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identyfing alien genotypes and their consequences for genetic variationin clonal seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris L.
Autorzy:
Przybylski, P.
Kowalczyk, J.
Odrzykoski, I.
Matras, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077755.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
genetic analysis
Pinus sylvestris
tree breeding
isoenzyme marker
grafting error
Opis:
This study investigates the rates of grafting and planting errors that occur in seed orchards, and evaluates their effects on the genetic diversity and relatedness of genotypes. The study used three clonal Scots pine seed orchards of differing ages and clonal composition located in the forest districts of Susz, Pniewy and Zdrojowa Góra, Poland. Maximum breeding ability within a seed orchard requires isolated from external sources of pollen, and have no alien genotypes inside the orchard. We used 13 isoenzyme markers to determine the genotypic identity of ramets and compared the number of genotypes of the actual current ramet population (W1) with genotypes comprising the originally intended plus trees (designated as W0) to estimate the genotypic assignment error rate per orchard. For both W0 and W1, we calculated the effective number of clones and the relative effective number of clones. Ramet assignment errors were detected in all three seed orchards. Gnotypic errors ranged from 5.8% to 37.7% across orchards. A total of 46 alleles were found, with the mean number of alleles per locus ranging from 2.77 to 3.23. At individual loci, the level of observed heterozygosity was variable. Alien genotypes had negligible effects on seed orchard heterozygosity. The Fst values between seed orchards amounted to 0.6% between Susz and Pniewy and 1.1% between Susz and Zdrojowa Góra. The effect on genetic variation of ramet assignment errors was small and influenced genetic diversity only in the case of the Susz seed orchard. However, our results suggest that negative effects of alien genotypes can occur on breeding value of seeds from analysed seeds orchards.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2019, 81; 40-46
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The current state and efficiency use of in situ and ex situ conservation units for seed harvesting in the central part of Ukraine
Autorzy:
Neyko, Ihor
Yurkiv, Zinoviy
Matusiak, Mykhailo
Kolchanova, Olena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044109.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
tree breeding
in situ and ex situ conservation
heritability
progeny tests
seed orchards
plus trees
Opis:
Significant increase of biological stability, timber volume, and economic value of forests is impossible without refinement and improvement of the organization, and implementation of forest seed production on a genetic and breeding basis. It is possible to solve this task by creating and efficiently functioning in situ and ex situ facilities. In Ukraine, the basic principles of plus selection are envisaged, which include the selection and testing progeny of plus trees. The total number of progeny tests in Ukraine is 106 plots, in which 1,079 genotypes of plus trees are presented. Taking into account the total number of plus trees in Ukraine (4,560), only 23.7% was subjected to progeny tests. The largest number of progeny tests are represented by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) – 76 plots and a significantly smaller number of plots for English oak (Quercus robur L.) – 21. The corresponding representation of genotypes is for pine – 520, for oak – 365. The area of tree breeding units in Ukraine is very small (0.4–0.6%) of the total forest area in the region. Despite the available areas, the use of in situ and ex situ objects for harvesting seed in Ukraine is low, around 30%. In the central region of Ukraine, the share of in situ and ex situ objects from the total forest area is 0.1–0.5%. On these sites, from 0 to 54% is harvested, which is insufficient. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that the areas of permanent forest-seed base (in situ and ex situ units) are insignificant and their use is insufficient. Testing of more than 70% of the selected plus trees is required. An important trend is to study the genotype-environment interaction in connection with trends of global climate change.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 2; 146-155
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyniki 35-letniego doświadczenia proweniencyjnego z sosną zwyczajną z serii IUFRO 1982 na powierzchniach w Wyszkowie i Sękocinie
Result of the 35 years provenance experiment with Scots pine from the IUFRO 1982 series on the trials in Wyszkow and Sekocin
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, J.
Wojda, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
doswiadczenia proweniencyjne
IUFRO
provenace variability
iufro 1982 trail
forest tree breeding
Opis:
Scots pine is the main forest tree species in Poland. In this study we investigated variation in growth among 20 populations at two common−garden sites of the IUFRO 1982 provenance experimental series after 35 years of growth. The sites managed by the Forest Research Institute are located in Wyszków and Sękocin (central Poland). Populations show great diversity in the productivity and stem straightness depending on the geographical origin. The character of variability confirms the results obtained on other experimental plots established within the IUFRO 1982 series. In terms of growth, populations such as: Pornóapáti, Ardennes, Haguenau, Neuhaus as well as Miłomłyn, Rychtal and Bolewice are the best. Populations from the south of Europe grow in Polish conditions very poorly and have a low survival rate. Some of the well−growing populations (Ardennes, Pornóapáti and Haguenau) probably comes from selected stands or seed orchard. Stabilization of ranging for the best and worst populations can be observed after 15 years of growth (fig. 1). It follows that in growing experiments, conclusions about the breeding value can be drawn after 15 years. Polish populations such as Miłomłyn, Rychtal and Bolewice are growing very well and can be the basis for further selection work. Obtained results can be used for future breeding, forest genetic resources conservation and also for the other research like dendrochronology and better estimation of the seed transfer rules of forest reproductive material.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 584-589
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plantacje nasienne drzew leśnych w Polsce
Seed orchards in Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Jan
Rzońca, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
plantacje nasienne
hodowla selekcyjna drzew leśnych
zysk genetyczny
bioróżnorodność
klasyfikacja plantacji nasiennych
seed orchards
forest tree breeding
genetic gain
biodiversity
classification of seed orchards
Opis:
Polish forests have multiple functions, from the provision of spaces for leisure and recreation and conservation of nature and biodiversity to the creation of wealth and employment and the production of natural resources and raw materials for industry and bioenergy production. This multi-functionality creates conflicts between different uses and stakeholders. As the durability of wood use is inextricably linked to tree breeding, the basic tool for accomplishing these tasks is breeding programmes for forest trees, and one of the important elements in tree breeding activities is the seed orchards. In this review article, we present the state of the art of seed orchards in Poland and their grouping according to importance in forest management. We include historical facts regarding the creation of the idea of seed orchards and its implementation in forest breeding practice. When we manage seed orchards, on the one hand, we care about genetic variability, and on the other hand, we aim for genetic gain. Seed orchards are effective and economically viable for their role in forestry. According to economic studies, the increase in seedling production costs in connection with the use of seeds from seed orchards, does not exceed 3%. According to the authors, seed orchards are the most rational and least ecologically risky way to improve forest production.
Lasy zagospodarowane przez leśników są miejscem wypoczynku, pełnią rozliczne funkcje ochronne i społeczne, lecz są również źródłem produkcji drewna i innych użytków. Zapewnienie trwałości użytkowania drewna jest powiązane nierozerwalnie z rozpoznaniem i ulepszaniem wartości genetycznej i hodowlanej drzew leśnych oraz z jakością wytwarzanego i użytkowanego surowca drzewnego. Podstawowym narzędziem realizacji tych zadań jest hodowla selekcyjna drzew leśnych, a jednym z kluczowych ogniw łańcucha prac selekcyjnych są plantacje nasienne. W przeglądowym artykule zaprezentowano stan plantacji nasiennych w Polsce i ich grupowanie według znaczenia dla gospodarki leśnej. Prezentujemy fakty historyczne dotyczące powstania idei plantacji i jej realizacji w leśnej praktyce hodowlanej. Gospodarując na plantacjach z jednej strony dbamy o zmienność genetyczną, a z drugiej strony staramy się uzyskać jak największy zysk genetyczny. Są one efektywne i ekonomicznie opłacalne, w porównaniu do tego, jakie zadanie mają do wypełnienia w leśnictwie. Jak wynika z analiz ekonomicznych zwiększenie kosztów produkcji sadzonek, w związku z użyciem nasion z plantacji nasiennych, nie przekracza 3%. Zdaniem autorów plantacje nasienne są najbardziej racjonalną i najmniej ekologicznie wątpliwą drogą do poprawy produkcji leśnej.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2018, 16, 3; 53-61
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rooting shoots of apple varieties and their tetraploids obtained by the in vitro technique
Autorzy:
Podwyszyńska, M.
Cieślińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11888859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant breeding
Malus domestica
Free Redstar cultivar
Gala Must cultivar
Pinova cultivar
Red Chief cultivar
plant cultivar
fruit tree
apple tree
shoot rooting
in vitro method
tetraploid
Opis:
For breeding purposes, the number of neo-tetraploids of apple cultivars have been derived by in vitro technique. The first attempts at rooting and acclimatization of tetraploid shoots failed. The aim of the study was to develop an effective method for rooting microcuttings of apple neo-tetraploids. In the first stage of the study, in vitro rooting method was optimized for the shoots of diploid donor cultivars. Shoots were rooted on Murashige and Skoog [1962] (MS) medium with a reduced content of nitrogen, in the presence of auxins alone or in combination (indole-3-butyric acid – IBA, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid – NAA and indole- -3-acetic acid – IAA) with addition of putrescine, arginine or ornithine. The compounds were applied continuously for 25 days (one-step rooting system) or for seven days with subsequent transplanting shoots onto a medium without these compounds (two-step rooting method). Tetraploid microcuttings of the cultivars ‘Free Redstar’, ‘Gala Must’, ‘Pinova’ and ‘Redchief’ were evaluated for rooting on the selected medium considered optimal for their diploid counterparts. The shoots of all diploid apple scion cultivars had low rooting capacity. IBA alone poorly stimulated root formation. Significant improvement of rooting to 60–80% was achieved through the application of auxins, 2.5 µM IBA or 1.3 µM NAA combined with 5 µM IAA and 50 µM putrescine in the two-step rooting system with darkness and increased temperature of 26°C during seven-day induction phase. The replacement of benzyladenine (BA) by meta-Topolin (m-T) in the last multiplication subculture influenced positively shoot acclimatization. Tetraploids had comparable or slightly lower rooting and acclimatization ability compared to their diploid counterparts.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2018, 17, 1; 49-62
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The evaluation of biodiversity in some indigenous Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana) germplasm through physico-chemical analysis
Autorzy:
Anjum, M.A.
Rauf, A.
Bashir, M.A.
Ahmad, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11858870.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
Pakistan
jujube tree
Ziziphus mauritiana
indigenous plant
cultivated plant
morphological trait
biochemical trait
physicochemical activity
antioxidant activity
germplasm
biodiversity
plant breeding
breeding programme
breeding research
plant research
Opis:
Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) is mostly cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Many native and exotic jujube cultivars are grown for fruit production in Pakistan. However, little research work has been conducted on various aspects of jujube i.e. morphological and biochemical characterization of available germplasm. Therefore, fruits of thirteen genotypes were collected to study the biodiversity through physico-chemical analysis during the years 2015 and 2016. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among various physico-chemical attributes of the jujube through Pearson’s correlation that may have greater importance for breeders during the selection of desirable genotype. The cultivar Foladi had the maximum fruit weight (30.49 g), pulp weight (28.42 g) and fruit diameter (36.75 mm) among all the cultivars. The maximum fruit length was recorded in Umran-13 (45.16 mm), while the maximum seed weight (2.70 g) was found in Dilbahar. Khobani had the maximum TSS (14.92 ºBrix). The highest level of acidity (0.74%) was recorded in Gorh. Akasha had highest vitamin C content (72.53 mg 100 mL–1 juice). The cultivars Sadqia, Umran-13, Mehmood wali, Yazman local and Gorh were much sweeter due to the maximum total sugars content (9.74–10.09%). The maximum antioxidant capacity was measured in Mahmood wali (616.13 mM Trolox 100 mL–1), Pak white (615.02 mM Trolox 100 mL–1) and Seedless (600.46 mM Trolox 100 mL–1), while antioxidant activity was significantly higher in Sadqia (40.604%). The maximum amount of total phenolic content was determined in Umran-13 and Sadqia (243.06 and 239.25 µg GAE mL–1 juice, respectively). The highly significant correlation (0.99) was observed between the fruit weight and pulp weight. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were also strongly correlated (0.70). Principal component analysis was made to determine the relationship among the genotypes and their variables. Dendrogram constructed on the basis of morphological attributes, divided 13 genotypes into four main clusters. Among the cultivars, Khobani and Mehmood wali share the maximum similarity (78%). Biochemical characteristics also divided the genotypes into three main clusters. The cultivars Pak white and Seedless had the maximum similarity (75%) among all the cultivars.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2018, 17, 4; 39-52
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybór elitarnych drzew matecznych sosny zwyczajnej i modrzewia europejskiego do założenia plantacji nasiennych 1,5 generacji
Selection of elite plus trees of Scots pine and European larch for the establishment of 1.5 generation seed orchards
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, A.
Kowalczyk, J.
Litkowiec, M.
Urbaniak, L.
Rzońca, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/988981.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
plantacje nasienne
zakladanie plantacji
wybor drzew matecznych
drzewa elitarne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
modrzew europejski
Larix decidua
seed orchards
genetic gain
forest tree breeding
Opis:
Forest tree breeding is principally concerned with the improvement of growth, wood quality and vitality of tree species of economic interest. In Poland, breeding programs started in the second half of the twentieth century with the choice of plus trees to establish seed orchards. At present, seed orchards are a predominant source for the production of genetically improved seeds of conifers. In our country, Scots pine is the main forest tree, occupying almost 80% of the forest area. Annually, about 30,000 hectares of pines are artificially planted, with only a few percent of seeds coming from seed orchards. European larch is an important admixture tree species of economic significance in some areas, such as the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Unlike Scots pine, as much as 60% of larch seeds used for artificial regeneration comes from seed orchards. There are 179 seed orchards in Poland, occupying area of 1140 ha, including 48 Scots pine and 30 European larch ones of 384 ha and 207 ha, respectively. All of them are only first generation and were established with vegetative propagules of plus trees selected in wild stands for their outstanding phenotype. Based on the results from the evaluation of plus trees in progeny trials, we selected 40 Scots pine and 40 European larch elite trees to establish 1.5−generation seed orchards. The selected trees were also characterized for their level of genetic variation with the use of nuclear microsatellite loci. We found that the examined trees have a high level of genetic variation. The mean number of alleles per locus and expected heterozygosity were 12.4 and 11.9, and 0.752 and 0.806, for Scots pine and European larch respectively. The calculated parameters are comparable to that observed in the populations of these species in Poland and other European countries. Established genetic profiles will be used in the future for controlling and monitoring the identity of elite trees in the process of creating archives of clones and seed plantations of next generation.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 11; 917-926
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy na plantacjach nasiennych zawężamy zmienność genetyczną? Próba odpowiedzi na podstawie analiz mikrosatelitarnego DNA szczepów rosnących na plantacji nasiennej sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) z Nadleśnictwa Susz
Are we narrowing genetic variability in seed orchards? An attempt to answer, based on the analysis of microsatellite DNA of grafts growing in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seed orchard in the Forest District Susz
Autorzy:
Przybylski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
plantacje nasienne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
zmiennosc genetyczna
DNA mikrosatelitarny
analiza DNA
microsatellite DNA
tree breeding
seed orchard
Opis:
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species in Poland’s forest stands. The mode of pine stands renovation requires that silviculture practitioners have continuous access to seed banks. Orchard-grown seeds are predicted to constitute an increasingly larger part of the average demand for pine seeds in Poland. Seed orchards, due to a limited number of maternal trees as well as the irregularity of their blooming and pollination, enhance the risk of genetic diversity reduction in planted forest stands. This is of particular importance in the context of dynamic climate change. Markers based on microsatellite DNA fragments are effective tools for monitoring genetic variability. In the present study, three different microsatellite DNA fragments were used: SPAC 12.5, SPAG 7.14 and SPAC 11.4. The main objective of this research was to study genetic variability in one of the biggest seed orchards in Poland, located in the Forest District Susz. The obtained results indicated heterozygosity loss within the orchard, proving the existence of specimen selection effects on genetic variability. Hence, it seems quite important to take account of molecular genetic variability of maternal trees in future breeding strategies.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 3; 240-249
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acer platanoides L. 'Beskid' - a new Norway maple cultivar
Acer platanoides L. 'Beskid' - nowa odmiana klonu pospoliteggo
Autorzy:
Marosz, A.
Szewczyk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888569.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Dendrologiczne
Tematy:
Acer platanoides
Norway maple
plant cultivar
new cultivar
tree
ornamental plant
new form
plant breeding
dendrology
Beskid cultivar
Opis:
A new cultivar of maple with very peculiar leaves is described and illustrated. A plant originated spontaneously among the seedlings of Acer platanoides used as rootstocks in an ornamental nursery, Krzywaczka. Probably this type of growth and shape of leaves resulted from gene mutation.
Źródło:
Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Dendrologicznego; 2009, 57
2080-4164
2300-8326
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Dendrologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the height growth of Picea abies as related to the geographical regions of Krutzsch (IPTNS-IUFRO 1964-68, years 1969-1988)
Autorzy:
Sabor, J
Stanuch, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
provenance
genetic reactivity
selection value
height growth
geographic region
Beskid Sadecki Mountains
plant population
spruce
species range
Opis:
The juvenile height growth of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) was studied in 1095 spruce provenances included in the IUFRO inventory provenance test of 1964/68. Trees growing on the experimental site established in Krynica in the Beskid Sądecki Mts. (Carpathians) were measured at ca. 3-year intervals in the period 1969-1988, from the age of 6 years (i.e. 2 years of planting) to 25 years. The variability of tree height in this spruce population was assessed on the basis of the means expressed in units of standard deviation, calculated for each provenance and each geographical region of Krutzsch in successive years of measurement. Using the standardised units made it possible to characterise the dynamics of spruce growth in provenances from 95 geographical regions representing the whole European range of the species. The effects of geographical region, tree age and their interaction on the variability of height growth within this range were estimated using multi-way analysis of variance with replicated measurements. The regions showing similar spruce growth trends were grouped by using hierarchical cluster analysis. The results on the juvenile dynamics of height growth showed that spruce provenances from various geographical regions of Krutzsch differ significantly in their genetic reactivity. Based on this, several groups of regions were identified: (1) regions with average or weak but stable spruce growth characterised by no significant effects of age or genotype × age interaction in the whole measuring period, or regions with height growth improving with age; (2) regions of spruce provenances constituting a selection elite, with very good height growth in the whole measuring period or in its later part, characterised by no G × A interaction; (3) regions with varied genetic reactivity of height growth dynamics in the juvenile period, and regions of Scandinavian populations with poorest height growth in the whole measuring period. The studies proved that spruce provenances from the regions of Štiavnické Pohorie, Low Tatras (Slovakia), Masurian Lakeland, Augustów Lakeland, Podlasie, Silesian Beskid Mts., Beskid Żywiecki Mts. (Poland), Jutland (Denmark), Bihor Mts., Transylvania, and Eastern Carpathians (Romania) have a high selection value.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current state of Picea abies stands in the Ukrainian Carpathians
Autorzy:
Guz, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41137.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
environmental function
forest type
composition
productivity
Carpathians Mountains
Ukraine
Opis:
The paper provides a detailed characterisation of Norway spruce stands in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The majority of natural spruce stands in Ukraine occur in Polesie, while artificial regeneration is spread all over the country. The most densely forested part of Ukraine is the Carpathian region with 41.1% of forest-covered area (2.1 million ha). Spruce-dominated stands occupy about 700 thousand hectares (30%) of the forested area of the state forest fund in the Ukrainian Carpathians, and another 10% of the mixed forests contain 10 to 30% of spruce. Besides pure spruce stands, there are beech-spruce, beech-fir-spruce, and cedar-spruce stands. The most productive stands (750-900m3 stem wood per ha) grow in the middle and lower parts of slopes at 1100-1200 m a.s.l. which have favourable soil and climate conditions. Since the second half of the 20th century, spruce stands in the substantial part of the Ukrainian Carpathians have declined under the influence of complex anthropogenic and natural factors. Although the present condition of most spruce forests in this region remains satisfactory, the degradation processes and the ban imposed in 2006 on planting spruce on non-spruce forest sites (in state forests) may decrease their area in the longer term.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of provenance on the survival of Picea abies trees on the IPTNS-IUFRO 1964-68 site in Krynica (Poland)
Autorzy:
Masternak, K
Sabor, J.
Majerczyk, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
plant survival
provenance effect
genotype
Polska
Krynica-Zdroj town
health condition
Opis:
In connection with the decline of spruce stands on the Krynica plots of IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68, observed in the last decade and attributed to the so-called spiral disease, an attempt was made to determine whether the current health condition of trees is influenced by genotype (provenance). As shown by preliminary observations, the spruces differed in the degree of survival depending on provenance. The inventories of died or broken trees to be removed during the sanitary cutting, made in the years 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2008, yielded also information about the number of spruces that remained in the blocks of the experiment for each provenance and provenance region by Krutzsch (1968). Analysis of variance showed that genotype (provenance) has a statistically significant effect on the survival of trees. In the years 1999-2008, spruces from region 21 (Bohemian Forest) displayed the poorest survival rate in the conditions of the Beskid Sądecki Mts., while those from region 80 (Eastern Siberia) survived best.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the health status of Picea abies provenances growing on the IUFRO 1964-68 experimental plots
Autorzy:
Zolciak, A
Oszako, T.
Sabor, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
fungal infection
spiral disease
health status
provenance
plot experiment
plant disease
Opis:
Due to the deterioration in the health condition of Norway spruce on the IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 observation plots in Krynica (Poland), there was an urgent need to determine the cause of the decline in order to design preventive measures. For this purpose, a health inventory was carried out in the years 2002 and 2003. This included an assessment of the condition of crowns in 144 trees and a thorough examination of 29 felled trees. It was found that individual trees or groups of trees have declined in some blocks of the experiment. The tops of some trees were dying and the crowns were getting transparent. The discolouration (turning brown) of needles was quite common and even green needles were shed. Some of the roots showed symptoms of necrosis and died. Seven taxa of pathogens were isolated from the diseased roots and trunk parts of spruces, among them Phytophthora citrophthora, Fusarium avenaceum, F. solani and Trichoderma. The number of diseased trees was related to provenance. The provenances Babenhausen (Germany), Frantiskovy Lazne (Czech Republic), Traunstein 1/4 D, 6 A, B, 7 A (Germany), Wundsiedel-Weissenstadt (Germany), Mestwinowo (Poland), and Magland (France) proved to be more susceptible than others to fungal pathogen attack.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gene conservation and breeding programmes for Picea abies in Lithuania: present-day achievements
Autorzy:
Danusevicius, J
Gabrilavicius, R.
Danusevicius, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
breeding programme
Lithuania
gene conservation
genetic resource
provenance
plant population
Opis:
At present, Norway spruce stands occupy 22% of the total forest area in Lithuania. Most of them are located in the northeastern highland (Žemaitija) and the central part of the country. 25% of the spruce-dominated stands are pure, the rest are mixed. Natural calamities like storms, droughts, and pests cause substantial damage and occur quite frequently. About 40 thousand ha of stands are cut after each storm. The mean wood yield of the spruce stands is 304 m3 ha-1, and the current annual increment is 6.2 m3 ha-1. The climatic conditions of Lithuania are variable enough to cause differentiation of habitats. For Norway spruce, 6 provenance regions have been established. The national gene conservation programme is based on (a) in situ genetic reserves, seed collection stands, and selected genotypes, and (b) ex situ clonal archives, seed orchards, experimental plantations, and gene bank collections. The present-day breeding of Norway spruce comprises family tests of populations for individual and population selection, and plans for inter-population hybrids. A strategy for Norway spruce breeding has been approved for the years 2004-2013. There is a genetically diverse material for future breeding: long-distance provenance tests, and population and family tests. Assessments of two provenance tests (aged 9 and 17 years) in central Lithuania revealed superior performance of central and northeastern Polish provenances: superior height, good stem quality, and late bud-burst in spring. This may be attributed to the favourable effect of transfer: avoidance of spring frosts (late bud-burst and good stem quality), and utilisation of the later part of the growing period for growth (late bud-set and superior height). Norway spruce is a climax species with different domestic and Darwinian fitness. Therefore, we suggest that the domestic fitness of local genotypes may be improved by introducing a few Polish clones in Lithuanian breeding populations.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 32

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