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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Introduction to Ịzọn Language and Culture
    Autorzy:
    Tamaraukuro, Prezi God’spower
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    Ịzọn
    vowel harmony
    nasalized vowels
    tones
    sí
    Opis:
    This paper aims to introduce Ịzọn to the world audience. We note the status of Ịzọn as a “main” language, the geographical location of the Ịzọn people in the Niger Delta of Nigeria, the occupations of the Ịzọn, the consonants, vowels, vowel harmony and nasalized vowels in Ịzọn. We observe that in Ịzọn a vowel becomes nasalized when it occurs in the environment of a nasal; that a high tone marked ( ́), and a low tone marked (`) perform both lexical and grammatical functions in Ịzọn; that Ịzọn has S-O-V word order; that each word category is written separately; that the negative gha is marked on the verb; and that borrowed words, names of places and languages are nativised. We throw some light on the Ịzọn numerical system, namely: the traditional cardinal numbers such as óyí(10), sí (20), andẹ́/ọndẹ́(400) and andẹ́rịmandẹ́/ọndẹ́rịmọndẹ́ (160,000); the modern standardized numbers such as 100 ọdọ́zọ́, 1000 ọgị́zị́, 1,000,000 ịpámụ́ and 1,000,000,000,000 ẹndẹ́rị́ and the ordinal numbers, bụlọụ 1st and mamụ karamọ2nd. Next we look at the kinship, persons, religious, colour, body parts, cooking, occupational and other terminology in the lexicon of Ịzọn. Finally we observe some salient aspects of Ịzọn culture such as their dressing, religion, food, festivals, dances, traditions, and customs.
    Źródło:
    Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2017, 6; 127-143
    2299-7164
    2353-3218
    Pojawia się w:
    Academic Journal of Modern Philology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Investigation of Tone Perception and Production in German Learners of Mandarin
    Autorzy:
    Ding, H.
    Hoffmann, R.
    Jokisch, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177019.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Mandarin tones
    German speakers
    tone perception
    tone production
    Opis:
    This study investigates the possible errors related to Mandarin tone perception and production by German speakers. In a preliminary test, 23 German listeners should identify the tones of 186 monosyllables. Results show that exposure to Man- darin Chinese can help to discriminate lexical tones as highly expected. In the main experiment, 17 German subjects were asked to take part in a perception and pro- duction test. Stimulus of perception involves 48 monosyllables uttered by a standard professional Chinese speaker; acoustic measures were conducted to analyze the pro- duction of 72 monosyllables for each subject. It is found that German speakers have much smaller f0 range than Chinese native speakers. Findings can provide implications for cross language studies and teaching practices.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 3; 509-518
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combination Tones in the Model of Central Auditory Processing for Pitch Perception
    Autorzy:
    Ziębakowski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176707.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    combination tones
    virtual pitch
    pitch perception
    central auditory processing
    Opis:
    This work addresses the problem of difficulties in classical interpretation of combination tones as non- linear distortions. One of the basic problems of such an interpretation is to point out the sources of these distortions. Besides, these kinds of distortions have numerous “anomalies” which are difficult to explain on the grounds of physics or physiology. The aim of the model presented in this paper is to show that combination tones phenomenon can be explained as an effect of central mechanisms. Most of existing theories of pitch perception focus mainly on virtual pitch perception and do not take into account com- bination tones as an element of the same mechanism. The proposed model of central auditory processing for pitch perception allows one to interpret in a coherent way both virtual pitches and combination tones phenomena. This model is of a demonstrative nature and gives an introduction to more advanced model. It belongs to the class of spectral models and it will be shown that such a model can be in a simple way extended to spectral – time model which is partially consistent with autocorrelation models.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 4; 571-582
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identifying the acoustic features in tonal phonemes in Chinese
    Autorzy:
    Zajdler, Ewa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/914943.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-14
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Chinese
    tonal languages
    tones
    tonal phonemes
    Chinese language acquisition.
    Opis:
    The current paper refers to the particular phonetic and phonological substance of the Chinese language. The key topics include the acoustic features of tonal languages, speech sound and audio-perception, as well as some issues of acquisition of Chinese language skills and reception conditions. The difficulties in tonal phonemes identification in hearing-impaired native Chinese and in non-tonal language users learning Chinese as a foreign language inspire the scientists to research the register of tones, acoustic features of tonal languages, the fundamental frequency (F0), tone contour and duration, and the speech signal – natural and subjected to filtration.
    Źródło:
    Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics; 2015, 42, 2; 23-30
    0072-4769
    Pojawia się w:
    Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    How Polish Students Develop Mandarin Pronunciation through Intensive Training
    Autorzy:
    Zajdler, Ewa
    Chu, Man-ni
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/555492.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-24
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    teaching Chinese
    Polish native speakers
    syllables
    Chinese tones
    tone production
    Opis:
    Many studies (McBride-Chang et al., 2008; Bialystok et al., 2005) have shown that the syllable is the basic unit when learning Chinese pronunciation. This study attempts to explore how adult native speakers of Polish (non-tonal language with the alphabet based on Latin script) develop Chinese tonal syllables through intensive training at the beginning level. Students from the Faculty of Philology participated in a four-stage phonetic teaching program and experiment. First, learners exercise excessive articulation of vowels, practicing how to carry the tone. Secondly, students try to assign the meaning to the joined segmental and supra-segmental phonetic units. Then, acquisition of Chinese morphemes/lexemes is supported with characters to differentiate homophones in the learning process. Finally, students are trained to decode the heard syllables in a sequence into meaningful phases and sentences. Next, the pronunciation experiment in two series provides an insight into the development of the Chinese syllable production.
    Źródło:
    Applied Linguistics Papers; 2019, 26/2; 103-115
    2544-9354
    Pojawia się w:
    Applied Linguistics Papers
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Noise Elimination of a Multi-tone Broadband Noise with Hybrid Helmholtz Mufflers Using a Simulated Annealing Method
    Autorzy:
    Chiu, M-C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176674.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    multiple tones
    hybrid
    Helmholtz
    four-pole transfer matrix method
    SA method
    Opis:
    Noise control is essential in an enclosed machine room where the noise level has to comply with the occupational safety and health act. In order to overcome a pure tone noise with a high peak value that is harmful to human hearing, a traditional reactive muffler has been used. However, the traditional method for designing a reactive muffler has proven to be time-consuming and insufficient. In order to efficiently reduce the peak noise level, interest in shape optimization of a Helmholtz muffler is coming to the forefront. Helmholtz mufflers that deal with a pure tone have been adequately researched. However, the shape optimization of multi-chamber Helmholtz mufflers that deal with a broadband noise hybridized with multiple tones within a constrained space has been mostly ignored. Therefore, this study analyzes the sound transmission loss (STL) and the best optimized design for a hybrid Helmholtz muffler under a space- constrained situation. On the basis of the plane wave theory, the four-pole system matrix used to evaluate the acoustic performance of a multi-tone hybrid Helmholtz muffler is presented. Two numerical cases for eliminating one/two tone noises emitted from a machine room using six kinds of mufflers (muffler AF) is also introduced. To find the best acoustical performance of a space-constrained muffler, a numerical assessment using a simulated annealing (SA) method is adopted. Before the SA operation can be carried out, the accuracy of the mathematical model has been checked using the experimental data. Eliminating a broadband noise hybridized with a pure tone (130 Hz) in Case I reveals that muffler C composed of a one- chamber Helmholtz Resonator and a one-chamber dissipative element has a noise reduction of 54.9 (dB). Moreover, as indicated in Case II, muffler F, a two-chamber Helmholtz Resonator and a one-chamber dissipative element, has a noise reduction of 69.7 (dB). Obviously, the peak values of the pure tones in Case I and Case II are efficiently reduced after the muffler is added. Consequently, a successful approach in eliminating a broadband noise hybridized with multiple tones using optimally shaped hybrid Helmholtz mufflers and a simulated annealing method within a constrained space is demonstrated.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 4; 489-498
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combination Tones in Violins
    Autorzy:
    Lohri, A.
    Carral, S.
    Chatziioannou, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177062.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    combination tones
    extra-aural
    intra-aural
    string instruments
    measurements of simultaneous intervals
    nonlinearity
    virtual pitch
    Opis:
    In this study we investigate the appearance of combination tones in violins. Most authors in recent times have emphasised that combination tones occur inside the ear exclusively (intra-aural). This assumption will be subjected to scrutiny based on evidence found in an empirical study in which combination tones were measured outside the ear (extra-aural). Measurements were performed in which a violinist played two tones of a particular musical interval simultaneously. This was recorded and subsequently analysed using a Fourier Transformation. In addition to the partial tones of the primary interval, the resulting spectrum showed frequencies corresponding to combination tones. Similar measurements on the viola and violoncello also revealed the existence of extra-aural combination tones. Such frequencies may influence the timbre of simultaneous intervals played on string instruments. In another experiment the violin was excited using an electrodynamic mini-shaker with the aim of localising the origin of extra-aural combination tones. A newly devised tone matrix was used as a theoretical approach which computes all potential combination tones that may occur between any pair of partial tones. The detailed analysis of musical intervals by both the frequency spectrum and the tone matrix shows characteristic mirror and point symmetries in the partial tone structure. The discussion focuses mainly on the audibility of extra-aural combination tones and on ‘the combination tone 1’. This research opens up new perspectives and questions relevant for interpreters, composers, violin makers and violin acousticians.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 727-740
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ekspozycja na język tonalny a wrażliwość słuchowa
    Exposure to a tonal language and the development of auditory attention
    Autorzy:
    Zajdler, Ewa
    Stal, Aneta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/463519.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    język chiński
    tony
    nauka języka
    percepcja
    słuchowa
    uwaga słuchowa.
    Chinese language
    tones
    language learning
    auditory
    perception
    audiometry attention
    Opis:
    The Chinese language is a tonal language. The four tones of Modern Standard Chinese cause difficulties for non-tonal language users. Learning to recognize foreign speech sounds and to distinguish their phonological features is the process influencing the complex auditory ability. This article presents the pilot study of auditory reactions of Polish-speaking people to learning a tonal language. Pure tone audiometry used in the study provides data of the hearing threshold of subjects exposed and not exposed to the tonal language. Results show change in auditory sensitivity, significant for some frequencies of pure tones stimuli. Due to the small scale of the study it is regarded as a preliminary research.
    Źródło:
    Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik; 2016, 16; 121-134
    2080-4814
    Pojawia się w:
    Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Między dźwiękiem a obrazem w języku chińskim
    Between sound and image in Chinise
    Autorzy:
    Zajdler, Ewa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/555407.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej
    Tematy:
    chinese language
    tones
    tonal language
    chinese characters
    radicals
    język chiński
    tony
    język tonalny
    pismo chińskie
    znaki pisma chińskiego
    klucze semantyczne
    Opis:
    Chinese is a tonal language, thus the difference in the tone is directly linked to the word meaning. There are four tones in Mandarin Chinese. The sound pitch is as distinctive as the components of segmental phonemes of the syllabic structure. Different morphemes/words in the Chinese language can sound alike or the same. It is the combination of the components in the Chinese character which can indicate the meaning as well as partially or wholly the pronunciation. In the paper we discuss some radicals of the traditional writing system in the relation to the phonetic components (phonetic indicators) in the picto-phonetic characters (known also as phono-semantic characters). Whoever tries to learn the Chinese language as L2 has to approach the writing system in order to develop the vocabulary and the spoken Chinese language competence.
    Źródło:
    Applied Linguistics Papers; 2018, 25/1; 73-83
    2544-9354
    Pojawia się w:
    Applied Linguistics Papers
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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