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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Gender, age, social disadvantage and quitting smoking in Argentina and Uruguay
    Autorzy:
    Niedzin, M.
    Gaszyńska, E.
    Krakowiak, J.
    Saran, T.
    Szatko, F.
    Kaleta, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081538.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    tobacco smoking cessation
    socio-economic factors
    adults
    GATS
    Argentina
    Uruguay
    Opis:
    Introduction. Cessation of tobacco use has the potential to provide the greatest immediate benefits for tobacco control. Understanding the social determinants of smoking cessation is an essential requirement for increasing smoking cessation at the population level. The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-economic dimensions associated with cessation success among adults in Argentina and Uruguay. Materials and methods. Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), a cross-sectional, population-based, nationally representative survey conducted in Argentina (n=5,383) and Uruguay (n=4,833) was utilized. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses with results being presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were applied to study differences among those respondents who sustained smoking abstinence (≥1 year) and those who continued smoking. Results. The GATS study revealed that social gradients in tobacco quitting exist in Argentina and Uruguay. Being aged 25–34, particularly men in Uruguay, women in Argentina, low educated men in Argentina and having a lower asset index were associated with reduced odds for quitting. Conclusion. Factors that are driving differences in smoking cessation between diverse social groups in Latin America countries need to be considered when implementing relevant interventions to ensure tobacco control strategies work effectively for all population segments.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 1; 100-107
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Clinical pharmacology of eicosanoids, nicotine induced changes in man
    Autorzy:
    Saareks, V.
    Riutta, A.
    Alanko, J.
    Ylitalo, P.
    Parviainen, M.
    Mucha, I.
    Sievi, E.
    Vapaatalo, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/69528.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Fizjologiczne
    Tematy:
    nicotine substitution
    pulmonary disease
    leukotriene
    nicotine
    myocardial infarction
    cotinine
    tobacco smoking
    eicosanoid system
    man
    prostaglandin
    tobacco smoking cessation
    thromboxane
    eicosanoid
    cardiovascular disease
    Źródło:
    Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology; 2000, 51, 4,1
    0867-5910
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Perceived barriers and motivators to smoking cessation among socially-disadvantaged populations in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Milcarz, Katarzyna
    Polańska, Kinga
    Balwicki, Łukasz
    Makowiec-Dąbrowska, Teresa
    Hanke, Wojciech
    Bąk-Romaniszyn, Leokadia
    Kaleta, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161974.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-14
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    tobacco
    smoking cessation
    cessation treatment effectiveness
    barriers
    motivators
    tobacco control
    Opis:
    Objectives This study aimed at assessment of the perceived barriers and motivators to smoking cessation among socially-disadvantaged populations in Poland. It is hypothesized that different factors can be considered depending on the level of smoking addiction. Therefore, a comparison between light and heavy smokers was performed. Material and Methods Data collected during the second wave of a cross-sectional study carried out in the Piotrkowski District in October 2016 – February 2017 among 1668 socio-economically disadvantaged persons constituted the source of information for the present study. Barriers and motivators to smoking cessation among daily smokers were identified via face-to face interviews. Results About one-third of the studied population admitted to being current daily smokers, almost 75% of whom were heavy smokers. The most common barriers to quitting smoking were related to difficulties in quitting (62%), the lack of willingness to quit (56%), as well as addiction and withdrawal symptoms (craving cigarettes [65%], habit [56%], stress and mood swings [55%]). A significantly higher proportion of such barriers was noted among heavy smokers compared to light smokers (p < 0.05). The following motivations to quit were pointed out by the respondents: available pharmacotherapy (47%), access to a free-of-charge cessation clinic (40%), and encouragement and support provided by their doctor (30%), with no differences between various levels of smoking addiction (p > 0.05). Conclusions Developing effective interventions targeted at unique deprived populations requires understanding the barriers and motivators to quitting smoking. Social support and financial issues, including free-of-charge pharmacotherapy and cessation clinics, as well as doctor’s encouragement and support, are crucial for successful smoking cessation in this vulnerable population. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(3):363–77
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2019, 32, 3; 363-377
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use accompanying legislative changes in tobacco policy in Poland in the years 2010–2019
    Autorzy:
    Opoczyńska-Świeżewska, Dagmara
    Raciborski, Filip
    Samoliński, Bolesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085750.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-08-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    smoking cessation
    Polska
    tobacco
    smoking
    prevalence
    smoke-free policy
    Opis:
    ObjectivesTobacco use is one of the most serious public health problems. Each year, it contributes to preventable disability and death of 8 million people worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the change in the prevalence of tobacco and e-cigarettes use among Polish adults in the years 2010–2019 and the potential impact of legislative interventions on tobacco consumption in Poland.Material and MethodsThe research was based on an analysis of secondary data obtained from a cross-sectional study as part of the public opinion monitoring in Poland. The study was carried out in 2 editions (2010 and 2019) on representative samples of approximately 1000 Polish residents >18 years of age.ResultsThe proportion of traditional cigarette smokers decreased from 30.4% to 26.0% in the years 2010–2019 (p < 0.05). In the male group decreased from 40.3% to 31.0% (p < 0.001); among females, the values remained at the same level (21.3%). The greatest change in the percentage of current smokers was recorded in cities with ≥500 000 inhabitants (from 30.3% to 17.1%) and <100 000 inhabitants (from 31.5% to 24.6%) (p < 0.05). The total support for the new legal regulations increased from 73.9% to 89.8% (p < 0.001). The use of e-cigarettes in 2019 declared only 1.9%.ConclusionsThe percentage of adult traditional cigarette smokers decreased significantly between 2010 and 2019 (mainly among men). Among women, the percentage of cigarette smokers remained the same. The most significant declines in cigarette smoking were also observed among residents of the largest cities (≥500 000 inhabitants). During the same period, there was a further increase in the acceptance of legal restrictions on smoking cigarettes in public places. E-cigarette use among adults is a niche phenomenon in Poland, but it is much more prevalent among women than men.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 4; 393-405
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New laws to reduce tobacco smoking changed attitudes to the problem, but not the percentage of smokers
    Autorzy:
    Opoczyńska-Swieżewska, D.
    Raciborski, F.
    Samoliński, B.K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081844.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    tobacco cessation
    smoke-free policy
    smoking epidemiology
    public health
    Opis:
    Introduction. The epidemic of tobacco smoking remains one of the most important challenges in public health. It is associated with premature death. For this reason, the Act of 9 November 1995 on the Protection of Public Health against the Effects of Use of Tobacco and Tobacco Products, as amended on 15 November 2010, implemented significant additional restrictions on smoking in public places. Objective. The objective of this study is evaluation of the impact of smoking regulations on social behaviour and attitude to the legal forms of tobacco control, due to the new smoke-free policy. Materials and method. A secondary statistical analysis of third party data was used in the study. The material was obtained from the Public Opinion Research Centre. Polls are conducted among representative samples of about 1,000 adult inhabitants of Poland. The studies on cigarette smoking were carried out in 3 editions (2010, 2011, 2012). Results. The collected data on tobacco smoking before and after implementation of the Act show that the number of smokers remained at a comparable level – about 30% (p=0.891). Between 2010–2012, an increase was observed in the percentage of people supporting the smoking ban in public places. The total number of people who definitely or rather supported the smoking ban increased from 75.6% in 2010 to 85.0% in 2012 (p<0.001). Conclusions. The restrictive smoking ban in public places implemented in 2010 did not have an impact on the number of smokers in the studied time interval, although an increase in the number of people supporting the smoking ban in public places was observed.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 3; 546-551
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tobacco smokers and electronic cigarettes users among Polish universities students
    Autorzy:
    Zarobkiewicz, M.K.
    Wawryk-Gawda, E.
    Wozniakowski, M.M.
    Slawinski, M.A.
    Jodlowska-Jedrych, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/873092.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
    Tematy:
    questionnaire research
    tobacco smoking
    smoker
    electronic cigarette
    Polska
    university
    student
    smoking cessation
    nicotine
    dependence
    Opis:
    Background. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are small battery-powered electronic devices, heating the liquid to produce vapour – in most cases the latter contains nicotine and several flavourings. E-cigarettes are highly advertised across the media, mainly as healthy substitute to conventional cigarettes, aid in quitting smoking addiction or way of circumventing ban on smoking in public places. Objective. The aim of study was obtaining epidemiological data on cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette usage among Polish universities students. Material and methods. Students of different Polish state universities were asked to fill a self-prepared survey on cigarettesmoking and electronic cigarette usage. 1068 fulfilled questionnaires were gathered. The population was divided into two subgroups – medical universities’ students (n=545) and non-medical universities students (n=523). Results. 23.78% of respondents declared current smoking while 57.0% admitted ever smoking. The mean duration of smoking among current smokers was 4.17 ± 2.53 years. 56.30% of current smokers tried quitting at least once. 31.46% of students declared ever using e-cigarettes (37.28% (n=195) among non-medical universities’ students and 25.87% (n=141) among medical universities’ students and 8.33% current usage. Among the latter 52.81% admitted simultaneous smoking. 26.97% of current e-cigarettes’ users declared having experienced side effects of e-cigarettes. 42.70% (n=456) of respondents viewed e-cigarettes as safer than conventional cigarettes, this group comprises of 40.54% (n=212) non-medical and 44.77% (n=244) medical universities’ students. 85.39% (n=912) of students viewed e-cigarettes as generally unhealthy, there were 83.56% (n=437) non-medical and 87.16% (n=475) medical universities’ students among this group. Conclusions. The frequency of e-cigarettes usage resembles current status in many Western countries. Collected data shows high frequency of e-cigarettes usage and conventional cigarettes smoking among students (also medical universities’ students). The situation requires intensive preventive measures to limit and reduce the popularity of tobacco products along with modern equivalents like electronic cigarettes.
    Wprowadzenie. Elektroniczne papierosy (e-papierosy) są niewielkimi urządzeniami elektronicznymi, zasilanymi bateriami. Po ogrzaniu płynu zawartego w papierosie utworzona zostaje para, zawierającą określona ilość nikotyny i substancji zapachowych. E-papierosy są szeroko reklamowane na całym świecie, najczęściej jako zdrowsza alternatywa dla tradycyjnych papierosów, pomoc w rzucaniu nałogu tytoniowego lub sposób na ominięcie zakazu palenia w miejscach publicznych. Cel. Celem badania było uzyskanie danych epidemiologicznych dotyczących palenia papierosów oraz używania e-papierosów przez studentów polskich publicznych uczelni wyższych. Materiał i metody. Studenci wielu polskich publicznych uczelni wyższych zostali poproszeni o wypełnienie autorskiego formularza ankietowego na temat palenia papierosów oraz użytkowania e-papierosów. Do analizy użyto 1068 prawidłowo wypełnionych formularzy ankiety. Grupa respondentów została podzielona na dwie podgrupy – studentów uniwersytetów medycznych (n=545) oraz niemedycznych (n=523). Wyniki. Wśród ankietowanych 23.78% zadeklarowało aktywne palenie w momencie wypełniania ankiety, 57.0% przyznało się do palenia papierosów kiedykolwiek w przeszłości. Średnia długość nałogu obecnych palaczy wynosi 4.17 ± 2.53 lat. 56.30% obecnych palaczy próbowało przynajmniej raz rzucić nałóg. 31.46% ankietowanych deklarowało użycie e-papierosów przynajmniej jeden raz. Wśród nich 37.28% (n=195) stanowili studenci uczelni niemedycznych i 25.87% (n=141) studenci uczelni medycznych. 8.33% badanych używa ich obecnie, pośród nich 52.81% zadeklarowało jednoczasowe palenie tradycyjnych papierosów. 26.97% obecnych użytkowników e-papierosów deklarowało odczuwanie przynajmniej raz skutków ubocznych korzystania z tych urządzeń. 42.70% (n=456) badanych uważa e-papierosy za bezpieczniejsze dla zdrowia od tradycyjnych papierosów, na tą grupę przypada 40.54% (n=212) studentów uczelni niemedycznych oraz 44.77% (n=244) medycznych. 85.39% ankietowanych (n=912) uważa e-papierosy za niekorzystne dla zdrowia, z czego 83.56% (n=437) to studenci uczelni niemedycznych i 87.16% (n=475) medycznych. Wnioski. Odsetek populacji polskich studentów używających e-papierosy jest zbliżony do wyników uzyskanych przez badaczy w wielu krajach zachodnich. Dane te wskazują na częste używanie e-papierosów i papierosów tradycyjnych wśród studentów, w tym także studentów uczelni medycznych. Wymagają one podjęcia intensywnych działań prewencyjnych, ukierunkowanych na ograniczenie popularności wyrobów tytoniowych oraz ich nowoczesnych odpowiedników.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2016, 67, 1
    0035-7715
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potrzeba wdrożenia w Polsce nowych narzędzi do diagnozowania zespołu uzależnienia od tytoniu oraz gotowości i motywacji do rzucenia palenia u osób w wieku produkcyjnym
    A need to implement new tools for diagnosing tobacco-addition syndrome and readiness/motivation to quit smoking in the working-age population in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Broszkiewicz, Marzenna
    Drygas, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-03-09
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    palenie
    tytoń
    zaprzestanie palenia
    nikotyna
    uzależnienie od nikotyny
    badania walidacyjne
    smoking
    tobacco
    smoking cessation
    nicotine
    nicotine dependence
    validation studies
    Opis:
    Populację w wieku produkcyjnym w Polsce charakteryzuje wysoka częstość używania tytoniu. Obecny poziom kontroli tytoniu w Polsce osiągnięto poprzez działania legislacyjne i interwencje populacyjne. W Polsce nie ma jednoznacznych wyników badań potwierdzających dostateczny udział profesjonalistów medycznych w diagnozowaniu zespołu uzależnienia od tytoniu (ZUT) i stosowaniu krótkiej interwencji 5A (ask, advice, assess, assist, arrange follow-up – pytaj, poradź, oceń, pomóż, wyznacz kolejną wizytę). Nie ma też rozwiązań systemowych regulujących nadzór merytoryczny, opiekę specjalistyczną, akredytowany system szkoleń i pracę ośrodków referencyjnych. Eksperci rekomendują do stosowania w praktyce klinicznej i badawczej narzędzia do diagnozowania ZUT oraz gotowości i motywacji do zaprzestania używania tytoniu, utworzone ponad 30 lat temu, które nie spełniają współczesnych kryteriów uzależnienia. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono inne narzędzia niż dotąd rekomendowane – testy stworzone w pierwszej dekadzie XXI w. (w tym Skalę Uzależnienia od Papierosów i Skalę Syndromu Uzależnienia od Nikotyny), które odzwierciedlają współczesne rozumienie uzależnienia. W literaturze przedmiotu w zakresie motywowania do zmiany zachowania zdrowotnego dominuje podejście stosowane w wywiadzie motywującym Millera i Rollnicka, skoncentrowane na osobie palącej i jej motywacji wewnętrznej. Na zasadach wywiadu motywującego opiera się krótka interwencja motywująca – 5R (relevance, risks, rewards, roadblocks, repetition – trafność, ryzyko, nagrody, bariery, powtórzenie), adresowana do osób pozbawionych motywacji do rzucenia palenia, rekomendowana przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia. W Polsce należy podjąć badania nad wdrożeniem nowych narzędzi diagnostycznych, zaktualizować niektóre obecnie obowiązujące wytyczne, dążyć do wzmocnienia roli podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej w leczeniu ZUT oraz włączyć zasady wywiadu motywującego i krótkiej interwencji 5R do programu akredytowanych szkoleń z zakresu rozpoznawania i leczenia ZUT. Med. Pr. 2016;67(1):97–108
    High rates of tobacco use is still observed in working-age population in Poland. The present level of the state tobacco control has been achieved through adopting legal regulations and population-based interventions. In Poland a sufficient contribution of health professionals to the diagnosis of the tobacco-addition syndrome (TAS) and the application of the 5A’s (ask, advice, assess, assist, arrange follow-up) brief intervention, has not been confirmed by explicit research results. Systemic solutions of the health care system of the professional control, specialist health care, health professional trainings and reference centres have not as yet been elaborated. The tools for diagnosing tobacco dependence and motivation to quit smoking, developed over 30 years ago and recommended by experts to be used in clinical and research practice, have not met the current addiction criteria. In this paper other tools than those previously recommended − tests developed in the first decade of the 21st century (including Cigarette Dependence Scale and Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale), reflecting modern concepts of nicotine dependence are presented. In the literature on the readiness/motivation to change health behaviors, a new approach dominates. The motivational interviewing (MI) by Miller and Rollnick concentrates on a smoking person and his or her internal motivation. Motivational interviewing is recommended by the World Health Organization as a 5R’s (relevance, risks, rewards, roadblocks, repetition) brief motivational advice, addressed to tobacco users who are unwilling to make a quit attempt. In Poland new research studies on the implementation of new diagnostic tools and updating of binding guidelines should be undertaken, to strengthen primary health care in treating tobacco dependence, and to incorporate MI and 5R’s into trainings in TAS diagnosing and treating addressed to health professionals. Med Pr 2016;67(1):97–108
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2016, 67, 1; 97-108
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Solving the problem of smoking in the Polish enterprises during 2003–2015
    Autorzy:
    Korzeniowska, Elżbieta
    Puchalski, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159903.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    workplace health promotion
    smoke-free workplace
    smoking cessation in the workplace
    workplace tobacco control
    workplace tobacco control policy
    quality of workplace tobacco programs
    Opis:
    Objectives Tobacco smoking is a major organizational, economical, and public relations-related (PR-related) problem for the company. Moreover, it is an important health determinant of the working population. The paper reports the results of the research which analyzed the current state and the tobacco control activities’ transformations undertaken by Polish employers between 2003 and 2015. Material and Methods Data comes from the research performed in 2006, 2010 and 2015, involving random- selected representative samples of Polish enterprises, employing no fewer than 50 employees. The sampling pattern covered location and classification of activities (excluding public administration, national defense, social security, education, health care and social assistance sectors). Consecutive interviews were conducted with representatives of 611, 1002 and 1000 companies, respectively. Results The companies improved their compliance with the national regulations on smoking in the workplace. The strategy for limiting smoking in public places resulted in a steady increase in the number of companies (11%, 23%, 38%, respectively) that introduced smoking ban. Approximately in every second company, smoking was allowed only in the smoking room or outdoors. Voluntary activities (e.g., education and support for employees wishing to cease smoking) were very rarely undertaken by medium and large companies (several percent) and since 2010, when the law had become more restrictive, such tendency reinforced. Employers also were seldom interested in the prevalence of tobacco smoking among their personnel, its consequences for the company’s functioning and the effectiveness of the implemented tobacco control measures. Conclusions National anti-smoking policy caused that companies were more focused on smoking-bans at the expense of education and support for those who wanted to cease smoking. Although this contributes to reducing secondary smoking in the workplace, the companies’ potential to become a major agent for tobacco control policies is neglected while the downward trend of smoking in the Polish society has slowed down. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(3):261–280
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 3; 261-280
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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