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    Tytuł:
    Wpływ zrywki drewna na wybrane właściwości fizyko-mechaniczne gleby leśnej
    Timber skidding effect on selected physical and mechanical properties of forest soil
    Autorzy:
    Pisarski, J.
    Śnieg, M.
    Jurga, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/289101.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
    Tematy:
    opór ścinania
    wilgotność
    gęstość
    porowatość
    zrywka drewna
    gleba leśna
    właściwości fizykomechaniczne
    shear strength
    humidity
    density
    porosity
    timber skidding
    forest soil
    mechanical properties
    physical properties
    Opis:
    W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wybranych właściwości fizyko-mechanicznych gleby leśnej przed wykonaną zrywką oraz po zrywce drewna. Obiekt badań położony był na obszarze Województwa Zachodniopomorskiego, na terenie gminy Dobrzany. Badania prowadzono w warstwach: 15-30; 30-45; 45-60; 60-70cm. Próbki pobierane były w okresie jesiennym w roku 2006. Ścinanie gleby wykonano w aparacie bezpośredniego ścinania. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono pogorszenie badanych właściwości gleby.
    This article presents results of tests on selected physical and mechanical properties of forest soil before and after timber skidding. Analysed object was located in the area of Zachodniopomorskie Voivodship, within Dobrzany Borough. The tests were performed in the following layers: 15-30; 30-45; 45-60; 60-70 cm. Samples were taken during autumn in 2006. Soil shearing was carried out in direct shear apparatus. Completed tests allowed to observe deterioration of analysed soil properties.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2009, R. 13, nr 1, 1; 227-232
    1429-7264
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czasochłonność zrywki drewna skiderem z drzewostanu do szlaku operacyjnego
    Time consumption of log extraction from the stand to the skid trail using the skidder
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, G.
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    timber harvesting
    skidding
    working time
    time consumption
    modelling
    Opis:
    Skidders are used at two stages of log extraction: when pulling logs to a skid trail and for further semi−suspended log skidding along the trail to a landing. The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of a skidder operator performing timber extraction from the stand to the trail, and to develop time−consumption models depending on terrain slope and skidding distance. The research was done in stands situated in central and southern Poland, where late thinning and cutting in areas between tree groups (group clear cut) were performed. The timber was transported to skid trails by means of LKT 82 cable skidders. The timber was pulled to the trail on slopes with inclinations ranging from –30° (up the slope) via 0° (on a flat surface) to 38° (down the slope) at a maximum distance of 70 m. Time study of work cycles was performed and the volume of timber harvested in each package was calculated. Analyses of working time and its time consumption were performed for the operational working time. The measurements covered a total of 269 log extraction cycles with a total duration of over 20 hours. Altogether 752 logs with a total volume of over 520 m3 were extracted. The large share of time was devoted to load attaching and detaching (40%). Quite a large share of log extraction (24%) was associated with the long skidding distances. The time of stretching the collecting rope in the case of skidding up the slope (an average of 60 s) was significantly shorter than in the flat terrain or skidding down the slope (70 s). The average duration of a skidding cycle was also affected by the direction of the slope. Rectilinear relationships were determined between the duration of a skidding cycle and the terrain slope, as well as the skidding distance. The combined effect of these features on the duration of skidding was described. The duration of a skidding cycle was influenced by distance (61% of the general variability) more than the slope (16%). The time consumption of the skidding amounted to ca 12 min/m3. Two homogeneous groups were determined: uphill skidding as well as skidding in flat terrain and downhill. The relationship between the time consumption and the number of logs extracted along with their volume took the form of an exponential regression. The time consumption standard of log extraction performed with the use of a skidder along a skid trail should be supplemented with the time of forming timber packages in the stand and pulling them to the trail, with an additional distinction between the direction of skidding and terrain slope.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 04; 311-320
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wydajność zrywki drewna skiderem na terenach pochyłych
    Efficiency of timber skidding on the slopes
    Autorzy:
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Szewczyk, G.
    Wala, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980264.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    skidery
    struktura czasu pracy
    wydajnosc pracy
    modelowanie
    timber harvesting
    skidding
    working time
    modelling
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of an operator of the LKT 82 skidder performing timber skidding on the sloping area, and to develop models of efficiency and time−consumption of the work depending on selected factors characteristic of the described transport process. The research was performed in the Sucha Forest District (S Poland). We considered two treatments: late thinning and felling performed in stands with the dominating share of beech. Logs obtained with chainsaws were initially extracted with horses and laid at the slope road. Later on the additional skidding with skidder tractor was done. Continuous timing of individual operations was performed with the use of a microcomputer equipped with time measurement software (accuracy of 1 second). We also determined skidding distance using a GPS device, the number of extracted logs in the load, and the volume of the logs. The total timing measurements lasted for a total of 70 h 24 min 27 s. During that time, the tractor made 72 cycles, transporting 998 logs with a total volume of 493.3 m3. In the mature stand, the average skidding distance amounted to approximately 1,160 m, a single load consisted of 3−4 logs with a volume of 7.7 m3. The operational efficiency of the skidding was 9.1 m3/h. In the thinning stand, the skidding distance was 1,230 m, the average load consisted of 22 logs with a volume of 5.8 m3. The operational efficiency amounted to 7.8 m3/h, on average. The working time structure was dominated by auxiliary (over 60%) and effective (nearly 30%) times. The obtained regression models of the duration of activities from the group of operational times were characterised by high correlation coefficient (about 0.75 for skidding time and driving without a load). Relatively strong relationships (r > 0.5) were also found between the times of collecting cable pulling and load attachment, and the volume of the extracted loads, and in the case of the times of collecting cable pulling also the type of treatment performed. The regression models for the times of log stacking, pulling the loads up with the winch and detaching them, despite the fact that they were statistically significant, characterised by relatively low correlation coefficients. The relationship between skidding efficiency and skidding distance was also determined (fig.). The duration of skidding cycles was described using the multiple regression with the volume of single loads and the skidding distance as the determinants. The regression models of skidding efficiency and time−consumption of skidding cycles may find practical application in estimating the efficiency of the tasks performed in stands and under conditions similar to those analysed in the present research.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 601-609
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Obserwacje migawkowe w pomiarach pracy przy pozyskiwaniu i zrywce drewna
    Snapshot observations in work measurement during timber harvesting and skidding
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    obserwacje migawkowe
    prace lesne
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    czas pracy
    pomiary
    timber harvesting
    skidding
    work measurement
    chronometry
    frequency study
    Opis:
    The paper presents results of examination on snapshot observation accuracy in measuring work times at harvesting and skidding of timber. High consistency between time measurements obtained by means of photography of work day method and snapshot observations was proved. Among advantages of the snapshot method one can name possibility to assess the time of work and breaks, evaluate proportion of supplementary work times and low labour intensity of the research.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 803-810
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozmiar i charakter naruszeń wierzchniej warstwy gleby powstałych podczas pozyskiwania i zrywki drewna w trzebieżach wczesnych drzewostanów świerkowych
    The size and nature of damage to the topsoil caused by timber extraction and skidding during early thinning operations in spruce stands
    Autorzy:
    Sowa, J.
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Szewczyk, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973654.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    warstwa wierzchnia
    uszkodzenia gleby
    zrywka konna
    zrywka linowa
    wciagarka Multi-FKS
    leśnictwo
    lasy górskie
    drzwostany świerkowe
    trzebież wczesna
    oddziaływanie na glebę
    gleby leśne
    timber harvest
    damage
    early thinning
    horse skidding
    winch skidding
    Opis:
    The study concerns the impact of two harvesting technologies – one based on a traditional horse skidding and one using a small MultiFKS winch powered by chainsaw motor on the size and nature of damage to the surface soil layer. The study was conducted in a spruce stand where early thinning was carried out. The total share of soil disturbed during harvesting operations was not large accounting for 2.99% of the cutting area for horse skidding and 1.73% for skidding using a MultiFKS winch. The volume of damage to the topsoil was 8.38 m3/ha and 2.64 m3/ha, respectively. The likelihood of disturbances of the soil layer was 47% for horse skidding and 31% for skidding by means of a winch. Both technologies were character−ized by a similar, ca 5% likelihood of cutting of topsoil to a depth larger than 5 cm. For both technologies the likelihood of soil compaction was significantly lower than soil cutting.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 05; 330-339
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena środowiskooszczędności wybranych technologii zrywki drewna w lasach górskich
    Evaluation of the environmental impact of selected timber extraction technologies used in mountain forests
    Autorzy:
    Dudek, T.
    Sosnowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973852.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    zrywka drewna
    technologie zrywki
    uszkodzenia gleby
    uszkodzenia nalotu
    uszkodzenia podrostu
    uszkodzenia drzew
    leśnictwo
    lasy górskie
    oddziaływanie na środowisko
    technologie przyjazne środowisku
    timber extraction
    skidding technology
    environmentally friendly
    mountain forest
    Polska
    Opis:
    The presented evaluation of the selected long− and short−wood extraction technologies used in premature mountain forest stands with late thinning (TPP) and timber stands (IVd cutting system) shows that two−horse skidding is the most proecological transport method, i.e. the most environmentally friendly. Next in the ranking were the Larix 3T cable winch, the MTZ 82 tractor and the specialised LKT 80 skidder.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 06; 413-420
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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