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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Uszkodzenia drzew w następstwie trzebieży wczesnych w nizinnych drzewostanach świerkowych
    Tree damage in lowland spruce stands caused by early thinnings
    Autorzy:
    Bembenek, M.
    Giefing, D.F.
    Karaszewski, Z.
    Mederski, P.S.
    Szczepańska-Alvarez, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    uzytkowanie lasu
    drzewostany nizinne
    trzebiez wczesna
    drzewostany swierkowe
    swierk
    uszkodzenia drzew
    spruce
    tree damage
    timber harvest methods
    early thinning
    Opis:
    The paper presents analysis of tree damage after early thinning in lowland spruce stands. Percentage of tree with damage and weighted damage index (WDI) were considered. Three different thinning operations were analysed, in which different cutting method was applied. The smallest level of damage was observed when short wood system (SWS) was used. There were no significant differences between frequency of damage when full tree (FTS) and long wood (LWS) systems were compared.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 747-753
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przydatność kolejki linowej Larix Kombi przy pozyskaniu drewna przez zespoły ścinkowo-zrywkowe w terenach podmokłych
    Usefulness of the Larix Kombi cable system for timber harvest by felling and extracting teams in wetland habitats
    Autorzy:
    Sosnowski, J.
    Kaczorowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011715.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    kolejka Larix Kombi
    tereny podmokle
    kolejki linowe
    zrywka drewna
    lesnictwo
    przydatnosc
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    timber harvest
    larix kombi cable
    waterlogged and marshy area
    Opis:
    The focus of presented paper is on the use of a Larix Kombi cable for timber harvest by felling and extracting teams in the waterlogged alder stands in the territory of the Złotów Forest District. The obtained results confirm that the logging teams employed for the timber harvest using a Larix Kombi cable should have a variable number of workers, and that two−person teams are more efficient than three−person teams. The annual capacity of the cable can be increased even four times which will contribute to the reduction of list rates for logging (lower unit costs of depreciation).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 09; 641-648
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kosztochłonność pozyskania drewna harwesterem w drzewostanach przebudowywanych z zastosowaniem cięć częściowych
    Cost effectiveness of timber harvest with a harvester in the stands rebuilt under the shelterwood system
    Autorzy:
    Szewczyk, G.
    Kulak, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991507.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany przebudowywane
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    koszty
    wydajnosc pracy
    dzien roboczy
    maszyny lesne
    harwestery
    harwester Silvatec 8266 TH Sleipner
    timber harvest
    felling
    cost
    productivity
    Opis:
    Paper presents the results of research on the productivity and economic effectiveness of timber harvesting in stands managed under complex cutting systems. Use of the operating time of a work−shift, including wood processing, loads preparation for skidding and changes at work sites, was low and amounted to 0.62. The main categories of the operating time were delimbing (45%) and travelling (31%). The unit costs of work of a harvester in the analysed stands were higher amounting to 69 PLN/m³ for eight−hour shifts and 110 working days a year, and 40 PLN/m 3 for sixteen−hour shifts compared to the work of the saw operator (32 PLN/m³ for the eight−hour shift).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 04; 243-252
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wybrane aspekty zrównoważonego użytkowania lasu w nawiązaniu do programu zrównoważonego rozwoju - przykład Polski
    Selected aspects of sustainable forest utilization with regard to the sustainable development program - Polish example
    Autorzy:
    Dudek, T.
    Zięba, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986663.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka lesna
    gospodarka zrownowazona
    uzytkowanie lasu
    uzytkowanie zrownowazone
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    uzytkowanie rekreacyjne
    rozwoj zrownowazony
    Polska
    sustainable development
    forest recreation
    timber harvest
    ecosystem services
    paradigm
    Opis:
    The paper presents the ideas of sustainable development with regard to the specific forest issues and management of its resources. We consider two main directions of forest use, which have the greatest impact on the condition of forest environment, i.e. logging and recreational use of the forest. This confrontation shows how effective the instruments of sustainable development are in collision with, on the one hand, the pragmatic−economic issue of profitability and a specific profit from logging, and, on the other hand, with the autotelic tourist exploration of the forest. The aim of the paper was to discuss selected aspects of sustainable forest use with regard to the sustainable development program and to identify problems, which modern forest management (forest utilisation) faces as a result of society’s expectations and the possibilities of today’s forestry in Poland. The example of Poland shows that there is a full understanding of the need to preserve the forests in the landscape, which was reflected in the form of legal acts and adopted international regulations for sustainable forest management (most forests in Poland have PEFC and FSC certificates). However, considering forest use as one of the main branches of forest management, there is still a large deficit of pro−ecological logging technologies in Poland, especially from difficult mountain areas (about 150 cableways missing), which is largely due to economic factor. The other problem of sustainable forest use in Poland is still low social awareness of the consequences of negative human impact on the forest ecosystem, which is manifested, i.e. littering in forests. Garbage is left both during leisure in forest as well as brought in larger quantities creating so−called wild dumping sites frequently containing also hazardous waste. Another problem of contemporary forest use is the maintenance of durability of forest ecosystems in recreational and tourist areas, especially protected areas, and above all in national parks, most of which in Poland have a forest character. The scale of threat to forest sustainability is incomparably higher here than in economic forests, which results from the large number of visitors in the national parks.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 06; 469-478
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozmiar i charakter naruszeń wierzchniej warstwy gleby powstałych podczas pozyskiwania i zrywki drewna w trzebieżach wczesnych drzewostanów świerkowych
    The size and nature of damage to the topsoil caused by timber extraction and skidding during early thinning operations in spruce stands
    Autorzy:
    Sowa, J.
    Kulak, D.
    Stańczykiewicz, A.
    Szewczyk, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973654.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zrywka drewna
    warstwa wierzchnia
    uszkodzenia gleby
    zrywka konna
    zrywka linowa
    wciagarka Multi-FKS
    leśnictwo
    lasy górskie
    drzwostany świerkowe
    trzebież wczesna
    oddziaływanie na glebę
    gleby leśne
    timber harvest
    damage
    early thinning
    horse skidding
    winch skidding
    Opis:
    The study concerns the impact of two harvesting technologies – one based on a traditional horse skidding and one using a small MultiFKS winch powered by chainsaw motor on the size and nature of damage to the surface soil layer. The study was conducted in a spruce stand where early thinning was carried out. The total share of soil disturbed during harvesting operations was not large accounting for 2.99% of the cutting area for horse skidding and 1.73% for skidding using a MultiFKS winch. The volume of damage to the topsoil was 8.38 m3/ha and 2.64 m3/ha, respectively. The likelihood of disturbances of the soil layer was 47% for horse skidding and 31% for skidding by means of a winch. Both technologies were character−ized by a similar, ca 5% likelihood of cutting of topsoil to a depth larger than 5 cm. For both technologies the likelihood of soil compaction was significantly lower than soil cutting.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 05; 330-339
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rozpad drzewostanów świerkowych w Beskidzie Żywieckim
    Dieback of Norway spruce stands in the Beskid Zywiecki Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979601.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Zywiecki
    drzewostany swierkowe
    rozpad drzewostanow
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    struktura drzewostanu
    struktura wiekowa
    struktura gatunkowa
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    struktura pozyskania
    zagrozenia lasu
    wiatry
    szkody od wiatru
    forest dieback
    picea abies
    species structure
    age structure
    timber harvest
    threat to forests by wind
    Opis:
    In the Beskid Żywiecki, the combination of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors unfavourable for the growth of trees led to the dieback of spruce stands. The intensification of this process began after the hurricane in November 2004, followed by years of negative climatic water balance. The deterioration of tree growth conditions occurred after the drought in July 2006 and damage caused by the Kyril hurricane in January 2007. The weakened spruces were attacked by the bark beetles, the outbreak of which caused a massive dieback of spruce stands. In order to assess the volume of harvested timber in years 2004−2016, the volume of allowable cut (model volume) was calculated from the stand growth model for each forest district of Beskid Żywiecki. The comparison of the volume of harvested timber with the model volume allowed to determine the rate of dieback of spruce stands. The volume of harvested timber in 2007−2009 exceeded the model volume even 2.5 times. The cuts included mainly deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, while the harvest of live trees was scarce. In the period 2010−2013, the harvested volume of live trees accounted for 50−70% of the model volume, the volume of deadwood in the same period was ca. 100% and additionally the volume of blown−down timber after the hurricane was 20−40% of the model volume, which taken together accounted approximately to 200% of the model volume. The execution of such harvesting operations, including silvicultural tasks, did not allow to carry out optimal forest management. The period 2010−2013 saw a downward trend. It was disrupted by the hurricane in December 2013, after which the volume of harvested timber, consisting mainly of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees, increased to 280% of the model volume. Again, the high volume of harvested timber was noted in 2016, (ca. 220% of the model volume). The process of damage to spruce stands in Beskid Żywiecki is likely to continue. A decline in its intensity may occur in the absence of old stands, which to a large extent already takes place in the forests of the Węgierska Górka Forest District. Currently, the most threatened by wind are forests in Ujsoły, Jeleśnia and Nowy Targ forest districts. The least threatened are forests in the Węgierska Górka. This forest district and in the future the remaining forest districts of Beskid Żywiecki, will face enormous challenges to obtain high yield and appropriate species composition.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 02; 130-140
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany zachodzące w lasach Ziemi Kłodzkiej w latach 2001-2017
    Changes in the forests of the Kłodzko Region in years 2001-2017
    Autorzy:
    Dmyterko, E.
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985721.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Ziemia Klodzka
    lasy
    sklad gatunkowy
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    klasy wieku
    struktura drzewostanu
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    zlomy
    wykroty
    posusz
    miazszosc surowca drzewnego
    zmiany w drzewostanach
    dynamika zmian
    zagrozenia drzewostanow
    lata 2001-2017
    species composition
    stand age structure
    timber harvest
    damage caused by wind and drought
    stand
    growth model
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to assess the changes occurring in the forests of the Kłodzko Region in the recent period (2001−2017), with particular emphasis on the species composition of the stands, their share in age classes and the structure of harvested timber, including live trees, deadwood, wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The Kłodzko Region located in the Sudety Mountains (SW Poland) covers the forests of four forest districts: Lądek−Zdrój, Międzylesie, Bystrzyca Kłodzka and Zdroje. The declining share of spruce stands (from 83.5% in 2001 to 75.5% in 2017) and the increasing share of beech and larch as well as sycamore stands indicate that these forests are systematically rebuilt. The average age of the stands is very high (81 years). The share of young (<20 years old ) stands is low (only 5%), while those older than 100 years constitute about 35%. The 21st century saw a serious damage to the investigated forests caused by frequent strong winds and long−lasting droughts in the growing seasons. The three hurricanes that took place in the analysed period were the cause of the removal of 1.1 million m3 of timber in the form of wind−broken and wind−fallen trees. The drought in the growing season in 2015 resulted in the salvage harvest of deadwood with a total volume of 1.6 million m3, which corresponds to the volume of four annual allowable cuts determined for the undisturbed growth conditions of trees in the area under research. Using the wind damage risk model, the threat measure Ms reaching a value of above 40 was calculated for the forests of the Kłodzko Region, which are currently among the most threatened in Poland. This threat results mainly from the high share of spruce stands in older age classes with high average height and gaps after previous hurricanes as well as from a large area of stands located at high elevations.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 08; 675-684
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ceny sprzedaży drewna w użytkowaniu przedrębnym w drzewostanach sosnowych w zależności od ich wieku
    Prices of timber sales in the intermediate harvest in Scots pine stands depending on their age
    Autorzy:
    Mandziuk, A.
    Parzych, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979471.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    drzewostany sosnowe
    wiek drzewostanu
    uzytkowanie przedrebne
    surowce drzewne
    drewno
    sortymenty drewna
    ceny sprzedazy
    site class index
    timber price
    assortments
    intermediate harvest
    Opis:
    The research concerned the implementation of tasks in the field of harvesting timber in 2008−2012 in pure pine stands aged 10−140. Numerical data from the SILP database were used for calculating the average price of timber in the intermediate harvest. The data on the volume harvested covered late cleaning, early thinning and late thinning. The assortment structure concerned the following groups of large− (WA0, WA1, WB0, WB1, WC0, WC1 and WD), medium− (S10, S11, S2A, S2B, S3A, S3B and S4) as well as small−sized (M1 and M2) assortment groups. The data on the size and value of wood assortments sold across the country concerned the year 2011 and were used to calculate the average price of wood in age subclasses according to the site quality described with site index class. Subsequently, for each site quality class polynomial equations of the trend line was determined and average timber price for each age subclass was calculated for small−, medium− and large−sized assortments. The analysis showed that S2 is the most frequently harvested assortment in the intermediate cuts in Scots pine stands, whose share depending on the site quality class is at the level of 65.7−72.7% of total harvest. The share of small−sized assortments decreases with age in all site quality classes. The opposite tendency is seen for large−sized assortments, whose share decreases with the deterioration of the site quality. Fraction of medium−sized assortments reaches its peak at the age of ca 45 in IA site index class and the shift in the peak with age is associated with the deterioration of the site quality. The higher the site quality, the higher the prices of assortments in the intermediate harvest. This trend occurs in all age subclasses.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 11; 883-891
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Obrót surowcem drzewnym najwyższych klas jakości w Polsce
    Sales of the timber in the highest quality class in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Paschalis-Jakubowicz, P.
    Kulik, P.
    Lachowicz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973511.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    surowce drzewne
    baza surowcowa
    drewno okleinowe
    drewno wielkowymiarowe
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    rynek drzewny
    klasy jakości
    drewno łuszczarskie
    słupy teletechniczne
    sprzedaż
    wood veneer
    plywood
    harvest
    sale of wood
    timber market
    Opis:
    The paper analyses the amount of cut, the assortment and species structure of the current domestic market for timber of the highest quality classes (wood veneer, plywood, telecommunication poles) in Poland in years 2005−2009. Oak and beech are the main source of material for the production of veneer in Poland. Sales of oak veneer in 2005−2009 amounted to 17,502.9 m3 (35.8% of the total sales of assortment WA1). Sales of beech veneer in 2005−2009 amounted to 11,233.5 m3 (23.0% of total sales). Among the plywood assortments harvested in Poland in 2005−2009, birch was harvested and sold in the largest quantities – 503,870.0 m3 (39.1% of total harvest) and 590,822.4 m3 (43.8% of total sales). Of all the regional directorates of the State Forests, the Krosno RDSF showed in 2005−2009 the largest harvest of WA1 assortments – 9734.0 m3 (21.4% of the total harvest), and sale – 9611.0 m3 (19.7% of total sales). Because of the large beech and sycamore timber resources, forests in the Krosno RDSF are a main current and potential source of veneer assortments. Because of the large amounts of harvested and sold oak, beech, pine, birch and alder veneer the Białystok, Olsztyn, Szczecinek and Szczecin RDSFs play the dominant role on the Polish timber market. The leading role in terms of plywood sales in the period under review was taken by RDSFs Olsztyn – 24.9%, Białystok – 26.2%, Szczecinek – 13.1% and Szczecin – 11.6%. These RDSFs taken together supplied to the market 75.8% of plywood, being the main material base for the plywood industry. The dominant role of these RDSFs derives from the fact that forests under their administration are rich in birch, alder and pine. Spruce as a plywood material is insufficiently used by the plywood industry (harvest – 33,269.9 m3, sale – 579.5 m3).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 02; 91-102
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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