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Wyszukujesz frazę "thermodynamic" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Solubility of a pharmacological intermediate drug Isatin in different solvents at various temperatures
Autorzy:
Baluja, S.
Bhalodia, R.
Bhatt, M.
Vekariya, N.
Gajera, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Isatin
solubility
Thermodynamic parameters
Opis:
The solubility of isatin in different solvents was studied by a gravimetrical method from (298.15 to 318.15) K under atmospheric pressure and the solubility data were correlated against temperature. The solvents selected for the present study are: water, methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetra chloride. Among chlorinated solvents, solubility is observed to be maximum in 1, 2-dichloroethane and minimum in dichloromethane whereas in alcohols, maximum solubility is observed in methanol. In water, solubility is found to be minimum. Further, some thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb’s energy (ΔGsol), heat of solution (ΔHsol) and entropy of solution (ΔSsol) have also been evaluated.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 12; 36-46
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Properties of Cu-S Solutions
Autorzy:
Kucharski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
copper
sulphur
thermodynamic properties
Opis:
A new method for description of thermodynamic properties of Cu-S mixtures is put forward. The basic feature of this method is the assumption that the activity coefficient of sulphur dissolved in liquid copper is equal to 1 for infinite dilute solution (y[S] = 1 for x[S] = 0). In consequence the following relationships were established: 1. The equilibrium constant for the reaction of sulphur dissolution in liquid copper (0.5S2 (g) = [S] Cu ): [wzór]. 2. Non-temperature dependence of the activity coefficient of sulphur dissolved in the copper-reach liquid (Liquid I): lnγ[S] =-18.25 · x[S] . 3. The chemical potential of the sulphur dissolved in copper in infinite dilute solution: [wzór]. 4. Non-temperature dependence of the activity of sulphur in Cu-S sulphur-rich liquid (Liquid II) – Fig. 6. 5. Non-temperature dependence of the activity of copper in Cu-S sulphur-rich liquid (Liquid II) – Fig. 7. 6. The equilibrium constant for the reaction of sulphur removal from liquid copper ([S] Cu + 2[O] Cu = SO2 (g)): [wzór].
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1815-1820
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gradient theory for the description of interfacial phenomena in flashing water flows
Autorzy:
Banaszkiewicz, M.
Badur, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
capillarity
flashing flow
thermodynamic nonequilibrium
Opis:
The present work concerns the description of phenomena taking place within interfacial regions during a flow of water, which is accompanied by heterogeneous flashing. The main aim of the work is to present a unified approach to first order phase transitions with the inclusion of capillary effects and to built on this basis a mathematical model describing nonequilibrium two-phase flows, in which the properties of the mixture include capillary components. The analysis of the problem was started with a discussion of physical aspects of flashing, which are the contents of Chapter 2. On the basis of the experimental data analysis a physical model of the phenomenon was formulated. In Chapter 3 a gradient description of first order heterogeneous phase transitions was given. The analysis was begun with a discussion of the properties and structure of interfacial areas. On the basis of the analysis constitutive equations for reversible stress tensor and free energy of a two-phase system treated as a homogeneous medium were formulated. The constitutive equations include capillary components modelled by means of the dryness fraction gradients and resulting from the nonuniformity of the system caused by the existence of two phases and interfacial surfaces. On the basis of the proposed theory a homogeneous model of two-phase flow with capillary effects was derived, which is a subject of Chapter 4. Taking into consideration the assumptions of the homogeneous model, one-dimensional balance equations for mass, momentum and energy of the mixture and mass of vapour were derived. A constitutive equation for the source term appearing in the last equation was obtained on the basis of the theory of internal parameters with the usage of the proposed form of free energy including a gradient term known from the second gradient theory. The remaining constitutive equations for the density of the two-phase system, wall shearing stresses and capillary pressure were also given. The proposed mathematical model was investigated from the point of view of wave properties, which were discussed in Chapter 5. The analysis of small disturbations was conducted, as a result of which a dispersion equation was obtained giving a relation between the velocity of disturbations, attenuation coefficient and frequency. This dispersive model was then applied for the prediction of critical mass flux in a channel flow using PIF method. On the basis of the comparison of the model predictions with experimental measurements a reasonably good agreement was found. In Chapter 6 the results of numerical calculations of flashing flow in channel were presented. Since the proposed mathematical model contains several phenomenological coefficients, a parametric analysis was performed in order to determine their value and the influence on solutions. For the sake of the analysis the classical benchmark experiment known as the Moby Dick was used. After fitting the solution of the model into the experimental measurements new calculations for other runs and other experiments were carried out. As a result of the analysis a good agreement of the model with reality was found, as well as its usefulness for the calculations of pressure and void fraction distributions in channels and for the determination of mass flow rate of two-phase systems. It constitutes a confirmation of the correctness of the proposed model as well as the theory on the basis of which it was built.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2000, 4, 2; 213-290
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integrated approach of environmental issues in industrial complex treated as complicated operated machine
Autorzy:
Kamiński, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
integrated environmental approach
thermodynamic machine
Opis:
Refining, petrochemical and energy industry are examples of influence on all environment components. Uncontrolled imposing new stricter burdens and legal requirements may cause the lack of expected results in reducing their impact on the environment. Moreover, effects may be counterproductive. Simultaneously, companies have to balance between legislative challenges, social expectations and technical possibilities, paying special attention on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), sustainability and biodiversity. During the Fifth Refinery Forum in Brussels, representatives of the European Commission admitted that legislation laid down within the European Union in the years 2000-2012 lowered the competitiveness of European refining industry. This status is proven by the analysis of refining industry prepared by The Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, and Joint Research Centre [1]. Weakening demand for fuels, lack of opportunities for increasing the capacity of European refineries (permanent shutdowns) and shale revolution cause a number of challenges including environmental. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account all factors mentioned above, and an integrated approach to environmental and climate protection in the face of changing legal regulations becomes crucial. This article proposes a new integrated, model approach to all issues connected with environmental protection in refining, petrochemical and energy complexes. In simple words, such complexes require maintenance shutdowns, repairs, overhauls. In addition, in the process various forms of energy is used and converted, so we can talk about the “exploitation of high thermodynamic machine”.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 110-114
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Description of Ternary Fe-B-X Systems. Part 7: Fe-B-C
Autorzy:
Miettinen, J.
Visuri, V.-V.
Fabritius, T.
Vassilev, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phase diagrams
thermodynamic modelling
thermodynamic database
Fe-B-X systems
Fe-B-C system
Opis:
Thermodynamic description of the Fe-B-C system in its iron-rich corner is developed in the context of a new Fe-B-X (X = Cr, Ni, Mn, Si, Ti, V, C) database. The thermodynamic parameters of the binary sub-systems, Fe-B, Fe-C and B-C, are taken from earlier assessments modifying the B-C description. The parameters of the Fe-B-C system are optimized in this study using experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data from the literature. Liquid, beta-rhombo-B and graphite phases are described using the substitutional solution model, while the ferrite (bcc), the austenite (fcc), the cementite (M3C) and the M23C6 phases are described with the sublattice model and the borides, Fe2B, FeB and B4C, are treated as stoichiometric phases. A good correlation was obtained between the calculated and the experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data. The description is recommended to be used at the composition region of wt% C + wt% B < 15 and at temperatures below 2700°C.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 923-933
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Właściwości termodynamiczne minerałów z szeregu piromorfit - mimetyt
Autorzy:
Flis, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/344088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
Tematy:
minerały
właściwości termodynamiczne
minerals
thermodynamic properties
Źródło:
Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering; 2007, T. 4 spec. ed. [2]; 1-4
1689-6742
Pojawia się w:
Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic fundamentals for production of electric power in hierarchical j-cycle system
Autorzy:
Bartnik, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175297.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermodynamic fundamentals
hierarchical j -cycle systems
Opis:
This paper presents thermodynamic fundamentals for the generation of power in the hierarchical j -cycle systems.
Źródło:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2014, 126; 141-151
0079-3205
Pojawia się w:
Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic analysis of the influence of potassium on the thermal behavior of kaolin raw material
Autorzy:
Hernández-Chávez, Macaria
Vargas-Ramírez, Marissa
Herrera-González, Ana Maria
García-Serrano, Jesús
Cruz-Ramírez, Alejandro
Romero-Serrano, José Antonio
Sánchez-Alvarado, Ricardo Gerardo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1448343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
kaolin
thermal treatment
thermodynamic analysis
viscosity
Opis:
The mineralogy and thermal properties of two kaolin clay samples from Agua Blanca (Hidalgo-México) were determined by XRD, SEM-EDS, TGA-DSC techniques. Kaolin clay A contains a higher $Al_2O_3$ and lower impurities $(K_2O, TiO_2, Fe_2O_3)$ amount than kaolin clay B, while the SiO2 amount is similar for both kaolin clays. A theoretical approach was carried out by a thermodynamic analysis considering the chemical composition of both kaolin clay samples with the FactSage 7.3 software. Stability phase diagrams were obtained to different K2O content from 0.1 to 3 wt % and temperatures in the range from 600 to 1600°C based on the chemical composition of the kaolin clay samples. The main mineralogical compounds predicted are andalusite $(Al_2O_3•SiO_2)$, K-Potash feldspar $(K_2O•Al_2O_3•6SiO_2)$, and the $SiO_2$ polymorphs (quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite) with small amounts of ferric-pseudobrookite $(Fe_2O_5Ti)$, and rutile $(TiO_2)$. As $K_2O$ content is increased, the amounts of mullite and tridymite decrease meanwhile the potash feld spar is increased at high temperatures. A liquid phase is formed at around 1350 and 1400°C for the kaolin clay samples A and B, respectively. The viscosity of the melt is increased for the evaluated $K_2O$ additions to 1400, 1500, and 1600°C.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2021, 57, 1; 39-52
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Description of Ternary Fe-B-X Systems. Part 4: Fe-B-V
Autorzy:
Miettinen, J.
Visuri, V.-V.
Fabritius, T.
Milcheva, N.
Vassilev, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phase diagrams
thermodynamic modelling
Fe-based systems
Fe-B-X systems thermodynamic database
Fe-B-V system
Opis:
Thermodynamic descriptions of the ternary Fe-B-V system and its binary sub-system B-V, are developed using experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data from the literature. The thermodynamic parameters of the other binaries, Fe-V and Fe-B, are taken from earlier assessments slightly modifying the Fe-V description. The work is in the context of a new Fe-B-X (X = Cr, Ni, Mn, V, Si, Ti, C) database. The solution phases are described using substitutional solution model. The borides are treated as stoichiometric or semistoichiometric phases and described with two-sublattice models.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 2; 451-456
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Modelling of Phase Diagrams of Copper Alloys for Optimization of Semi-Solid Forming
Autorzy:
Madetko, Arkadiusz
Sołek, Krzysztof
Drożdż, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28099580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
thixoforming
thermodynamic calculations
copper alloys
phase diagram
Opis:
Processing of metal alloys in semi-solid state is a way of producing many near net-shape parts and nowadays is commercially successful. Particular behaviour of alloys in the partially liquid state, having non-dendritic microstructure, is a base for thixoforming processing. Processing materials in the semi-solid state concerns alloys with relatively wide solidification range. Thermodynamic modelling can be used as a one of a potential tools that allow to identify alloys with proper temperature range. It means that the key feature of alloys suitable for thixoforming is a widely enough melting range, allowing for precise control of material temperature. The data gathered from thermodynamics calculations can also pay off in the industrial thixoforming processes design. The goal of this paper is to identify copper alloys which can be successfully shaped in the semi-solid state. Apart to thermodynamic calculations, the observations on high temperature microscope was carried out. During experiments the solidus, liquidus and also deformation temperatures can be determined. An experimental work allows confirming results obtained within the confines of thermodynamic calculations and firstly to determine the deformation temperatures which are the optimal for shaping processes. The basic achievement of this work is an identification of copper alloy groups possible for shaping in the semi-solid state. At the first part of the paper, the basic criteria of suitable alloys were described. Next, both the solid fraction curves for copper alloys with different alloying elements using ProCAST software and the phase diagrams were determined to identify the solidification temperature ranges of these alloys. In the second part of these paper, the identification of the deformation temperatures was carried out with use of high temperature microscope observation.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 689--696
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Właściwości termodynamiczne składników mieszanin oddechowych
Therodynamic properties of breathing mixtures components
Autorzy:
Majchrzycka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/366126.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Tematy:
właściwości termodynamiczne
mieszaniny oddechowe
thermodynamic properties gases
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono równania regresji, opisujące właściwości termodynamiczne składników czynników oddechowych: gazów obojętnych, zanieczyszczeń metabolicznych (ditlenek węgla, przegrzana para wodna) oraz dodatku gazowego - sześciofluorku siarki, poprawiającego właściwości użytkowe mieszaniny oddechowej.
The paper reports regression functions describing thermal properties of gas components of breathing mixtures, metabolic gaseous contaminants (carbon dioxide, superheated water vapour) and gaseous additive sulphur hexafluoride improving properties of breathing mixture.
Źródło:
Polish Hyperbaric Research; 2011, 4(37); 7-20
1734-7009
2084-0535
Pojawia się w:
Polish Hyperbaric Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STABILITY STUDIES OF CEFTIOFUR SODIUM IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AND IN THE SOLID PHASE
Autorzy:
Dołhań, Agnieszka
Sobczak, Agnieszka
Muszalska, Izabela
Medenecka, Beata
Garbacki, Piotr
Tomczak, Szymon
Jelińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
Tematy:
stability
kinetic parameters
thermodynamic parameters
solid phase
Opis:
Ceftiofur sodium (CFT), a third-generation cephalosporin for parenteral use, is commonly used in veterinary medicine against aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as certain anaerobes. Its broad spectrum of activity and resistance to beta-lactamases result from the presence of methoxyimino and aminothiazole moieties at C-7 in the cephalosporin structure. The aim of this study was a comprehensive evaluation of the stability of CFT in the solid phase and in aqueous solutions. A fast and sensitive HPLC isocratic method was used for the determination of CFT degradation in the solid phase and in aqueous solutions. CFT degradation occurred according to a first-order reaction depending on the substrate concentration. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of CFT degradation in the solid phase were calculated. General acid-base hydrolysis of CFT was not observed in the solutions of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, phosphate (pH 5.84 – 7.25), acetate (pH 3.65 – 5.48) and borate (pH 7.49 – 10.07) buffers. CFT was the most stable in the pH range 2 – 6. The susceptibility of CFT to degradation under the influence of stress factors (pH, temperature, buffer components concentration, relative air humidity) should be considered in terms of storage conditions and the preparation of the product for administration.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 6; 1279-1286
0001-6837
2353-5288
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of idealized ORC in domestic combined heat and power generation
Autorzy:
Rybiński, W.
Mikielewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ORC
CHP
thermodynamic optimization
endoreversible
optymalizacja termodynamiczna
Opis:
Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is used, amongst the others, in geothermal facilities, in waste heat recovery or in domestic combined heat and power (CHP) generation. The paper presents optimization of an idealized ORC equivalent of the Carnot cycle with non-zero temperature difference in heat exchangers and with energy dissipation caused by the viscous fluid flow. In this analysis the amount of heat outgoing from the ORC is given. Such a case corresponds to the application of an ORC in domestic CHP. This assumption is different from the most of ORC models where the incoming amount of heat is given.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 3; 137-146
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Description of Ternary Fe-B-X Systems. Part 9: Fe-B-Cu
Autorzy:
Miettinen, Jyrki
Visuri, Ville-Valtteri
Fabritius, Timo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049545.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phase diagrams
thermodynamic modelling
thermodynamic database
Fe-based systems
Fe-B-X systems
Fe-B-Cu system
Opis:
Thermodynamic descriptions of the ternary Fe-B-Cu system and its binary sub-system B-Cu aredeveloped in the context of a new Fe-B-X (X = Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Si, Ti, V, C) database. The thermodynamic parameters of the other binary sub-systems (Fe-B and Fe-Cu) are taken from earlier assessments. Experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data available in the literature have been used for the optimization of the Fe-B-Cu and B-Cu systems’ thermodynamic parameters. The solution phases are described using a substitutional solution model and the compounds (two borides of the Fe-B system) are treated as stoichiometric phases. A good agreement was obtained between the calculated and the experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 297-304
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Description of Ternary Fe-B-X Systems. Part 5: Fe-B-Si
Autorzy:
Miettinen, J.
Visuri, V.-V.
Fabritius, T.
Milcheva, N.
Vassilev, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phase diagrams
thermodynamic modeling
Fe-based systems
Fe-B-X systems thermodynamic database
Fe-B-Si system
Opis:
Thermodynamic descriptions of the ternary Fe-B-Si system and its binary sub-system, B-Si, are developed in the context of a new Fe-B-X (X = Cr, Ni, Mn, V, Si, Ti, C) database. The thermodynamic parameters of the other binary sub-systems, Fe-Si and Fe-B, are taken from earlier assessments. Experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data available in the literature has been used for the optimization of the thermodynamic parameters of the Fe-B-Si and B-Si systems. The solution phases are described using substitutional solution model and the compounds (silicides and borides) are treated as stoichiometric phases. The calculated and experimental thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data were found to be in good agreement.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 4; 1239-1248
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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