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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Heavy metals in the cell nucleus - role in pathogenesis
    Autorzy:
    Sas-Nowosielska, Hanna
    Pawlas, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039119.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    heavy metal
    nucleus
    chromatin
    DNA
    RNA
    telomere
    Opis:
    People are exposed to heavy metals both in an occupational and natural environment. The most pronounced effects of heavy metals result from their interaction with cellular genetic material packed in form of chromatin. Heavy metals influence chromatin, mimicking and substituting natural microelements in various processes taking place in the cell, or interacting chemically with nuclear components: nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. This paper is a review of current knowledge on the effects of heavy metals on chromatin, exerted at the level of various nuclear components.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2015, 62, 1; 7-13
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Activities of human telomerase in cancer development, detection and therapeutics - A Review
    Autorzy:
    Pal, Partha
    Ray, Spandita
    De (Dutta), Koly
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190141.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Chromosomes
    End-replication
    Telomere
    Telomerase
    Cancer
    Therapeutic
    Opis:
    Telomeres are the specialized nucleoprotein structures associated with eukaryotic chromosomal ends, which are essential for maintaining the stability of the linear eukaryotic chromosomes. Progressive telomere shortening is an inevitable occurrence in normal somatic cells due to the end-replication problem leading to limited replication efficiency. The hallmark characteristics of human cancer cells include infinite reproductive potential, uncontrolled proliferation and immortality. These abilities of transformed cancerous cells are mainly due to the maintenance of their telomeres since degradation of chromosomal telomeric ends leads to cellular senescence or death. Thus telomere biology is important in the study of human cancer development. The mechanism by virtue the cancer cells are able to divide indefinitely is by maintaining telomeres. Activity of telomerase, a telomere-elongating ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase enzyme, is responsible for inducing the property of immortality to cancer cells. In humans nearly about 80% to 90% cancer cells activate telomerase and elongate their telomeres to overcome the end-replication problem. Telomere shortening suppresses cancer formation in contrast according to certain reports it sometimes promotes genomic instability which leads to enhancement of carcinogenesis and consequently the development of malignancy. Majority of cancer cells activate telomerase, but it remains mysterious as to find the reasons of the fact that certain cancer cells often show shorter telomeres in comparison to the cells in the surrounding normal tissues. This controversial role of telomerase associated with certain transformed cells leading to the cancerous state in relation to its role in normal cells is an interesting field to study which points out to the fact of development of cancer cells targeting drugs based on telomerase activities as an alternative weapon in combating against this dreaded human disease. The present review focuses on the activity of telomerase in telomere maintenance in the development of cancerous cells in humans, the use of telomerase as an assay technique for cancer detection as well as the anti-cancer therapeutic approach of targeting the telomerase in the current era of treatment of human cancer.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2016, 42; 87-100
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Telomeropathies: rare disease syndromes
    Autorzy:
    Panczyszyn, A.
    Boniewska-Bernacka, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Opolski. Instytut Nauk o Zdrowiu
    Tematy:
    chromosome
    telomere
    telomerase
    telomeropathy
    rare disease
    disease symptom
    dyskeratosis congenita
    genetic etiology
    diagnostic procedure
    Opis:
    Telomeres are located at the end of the chromosomes. They protect chromosomes from fusion and degradation. Every cell division causes a shortening of the telomeres. A special enzymatic complex called telomerase is responsible for maintaining telomere length in intensively dividing cells, such as epithelial cells and bone marrow cells. The enzymatic complex includes the TERT subunit, which has reverse transcriptase activity, and the TERC subunit, which acts as a template. Other important components of telomerase are the proteins that are responsible for structural stability. Telomerase remains active only in the dividing cells of the body. The rate of telomere shortening depends on many factors including age, sex, and comorbidities. Faster shortening of telomeres is caused by gene defects, which have an impact on telomerase action. Collectively, these are called telomeropathies. Common causes of telomeropathies are mutations in the TERT and TERC telomerase genes. Types of telemeropathies include dyskeratosis congenita, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and aplastic anaemia, among others. Clinical manifestations and prognoses depend on the type and quantity of mutated genes. Diagnosis of telomeropathies is often problematic because they present with the same symptoms as other diseases. So far, no effective therapeutic methods have been developed for telomeropathies. A therapeutic method for patients with bone marrow failure may be the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. For patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, treatments include immunosuppressive therapy, lung transplantation, or palliative care. In the future, gene therapy may be an effective treatment strategy for telomeropathies. Lifestyle changes may also have a positive impact on the person. Physical activity combined with a healthy diet rich in antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids can decrease the oxidative stress levels in cells and lead to a slower shortening of the telomeres.
    Źródło:
    Medical Science Pulse; 2018, 12, 2
    2544-1558
    2544-1620
    Pojawia się w:
    Medical Science Pulse
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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