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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of the required ground power of a ground - based system for support of the aircraft safe take - off and landing
    Autorzy:
    Majka, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242165.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    air transport
    take-off and landing
    magnetic levitation
    Opis:
    Among the most important problems faced by the air transport today there can be mentioned some negative influences of aircraft and airports on the environment and the increasing costs of air transport. One of the possibilities to improve the situation is to work out innovative solutions aimed at decreasing of the aircraft pollution and improving the transport effectiveness. Among the most innovative ideas is the use of magnetic levitation to aid the take-off and landing of the transport aircraft. The use of the aiding system will bring a lot of benefits, however, regarding its innovative character and the problems connected with it, the idea can have been realized in a couple of years or even decades. The aim of this work was to carry out the analysis of the change to the required thrust of the transport aircraft in the take-off, landing and cruise using the system of magnetic levitation. Magnetic levitation or magnetic suspension is a method by which a body floats due to a special quality of magnets. The generated electromagnetic force is used to balance the weight of the object. The current work describes the ways of determining the weights of the main systems of the aircraft with classical construction solutions where the weight of the whole aircraft is estimated on the basis of the statistical methods. It allows determining the weights of all main systems of the aircraft and verifying the results using the known examples. Thanks to this approach, it could be possible to determine the modified aircraft weight more thoroughly, adding the changes in weights of the modified systems.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 411-418
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dynamic load indicators for take-off–landing sequence in blocks and attacks of elite female volleyball players
    Autorzy:
    Kabaciński, J.
    Dworak, L. B.
    Murawa, M.
    Rzepnicka, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307295.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    siła reakcji podłoża
    obciążenie dynamiczne
    start
    atak
    biomechanika
    ground reaction forces
    take-off–landing
    dynamic loads
    blocks
    attacks
    volleyball
    biomechanics
    Opis:
    Purpose: Dynamic loads during landings determined by the ground reaction forces (GRFs) may elaborate internal loads and increase the risk of overload knee injuries as a result of performing volleyball jumps many times. The study dealt with a biomechanical assessment of dynamic load indicators in female volleyball players for the motion sequence of take-off–landing in blocks and attacks. Methods: Twelve professional female volleyball players participated in the study. Blocks and attacks were filmed by two cameras. GRFs vs. time graphs were recorded with the use of a force platform. Values of dynamic load indicators in terms of the relations of peak of vertical component of GRF, build-up index of this force (BIF), and power output (P) during landing to the vGRF, BIF and P during take-off (L/T) were calculated. Results: The statistically significant ( p < 0.05) highest values of L/T indicators were found for back row attack spikes: 2.4 (vGRF), 12.2 (BIF) and 3.1 (P). In the case of blocks, slide attack spikes and attack line spikes, results of these variables were in range: 1.8÷2.1, 5.9÷7.6 and 2.1÷2.9, respectively. Conclusions: The reduction of GRFs during landings contributes to decreasing the level of the load indicators L/T which should minimize the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament and patellar tendon injuries in female volleyball players.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 1; 41-46
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wind tunnel tests of hovering propellers in the transition state of Quad-Plane
    Autorzy:
    Pobikrowska, Katarzyna
    Goetzendorf-Grabowski, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086838.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    wind tunnel
    propeller
    VTOL
    Vertical Take Off and Landing
    hybrid UAV
    aerodynamics
    propulsion
    tunel aerodynamiczny
    śmigło
    hybrydowy UAV
    hybrydowy bezzałogowy statek powietrzny
    aerodynamika
    napęd
    Opis:
    The following paper presents wind tunnel investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of hovering propellers. This propulsion system may be applied on a lightweight Quad Plane VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). A Quad Plane is a configuration consisting of a quadcopter design combined with a conventional twin-boom airplane. This kind of design should therefore incorporate the advantages of both types of vehicles in terms of agility and long endurance. However, those benefits may come with a cost of worse performance and higher energy consumption. The characteristics of a fixed-wing aircraft and propellers in axial inflow are well documented, less attention is put to non-axial flow cases. VTOL propellers of a hybrid UAV are subject to a multitude of conditions – various inflow speeds and angles, changing RPMs, interference between propellers and between nearby aerodynamic structures. The tested system presented in this article consists of four electric motors with two coaxial pairs of propellers mounted on one of the fuselage beams. Such a configuration is often chosen by designers of small and medium hybrid UAVs. There is a need for studies of clean, efficient ways of transporting, and this article can aid future designers of a new type of electric UAVs.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 6; e138821, 1--13
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Certification of Unmanned Aircraft (UA)
    Autorzy:
    Pettke, G.
    Kozyro, W.
    Gałka, P.
    Trzeciak, G.
    Wołejsza, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841555.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    unmanned vehicles
    Polish Register of Shipping
    PRS
    Unmanned Aircraft
    unmanned aerial vehicle
    remotely piloted aircraft systems
    ground control station
    object’s recognition and classification awareness
    vertical take-off and landing
    Opis:
    PRS (Polish Register of Shipping) is an expert institution acting on the international market, that - by conducting business for the benefit of the community - through the formulation of the requirements, survey and issue of the appropriate documents, assists State Administrations, Underwriters and customers in ensuring the safety of people, floating objects, land undertakings, carried cargo and the natural environment. PRS is a body accredited for certification of management systems, as well as a notified body in the European Commission for conducting product conformity assessment procedures with EU directives and regulations, and certify of personnel and processes. Subject and scope of the Publication The Publication defines requirements and procedures of conformity assessment process of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) and the technical possibilities of their use in the maritime economy segment. Purpose of the publication: Defining technical and formal requirements for design, construction and operation of the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Determining the scope and methodology of conformity assessment process of Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Determining the technical possibilities of using Unmanned Aircraft (UA) in the maritime economy segment. The publication includes the following issues: basic principles and design requirements as well as technical regulations that ensure the design of the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), as a safe product in operation; the scope and methodology of conformity assessment of Unmanned Aircraft (UA); principles and scope of technical supervision over the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), requirements set by PRS in using Unmanned Aircraft (UA) on sea-going ships. The conclusions of the paper: indication of the way to obtain BSP certification, the basis for launching the procedure for developing the NO defence standard for the certification of ships and naval auxiliary units for cooperation with Unmanned Aircraft (UA).
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 1; 143-155
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Starty i lądowania na ograniczonej wielkości lądowiska po awarii napędu
    Take-off and landing on a limited size landing ground following a power failure
    Autorzy:
    Głaz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/212496.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    start
    lądowanie
    lądowisko
    awarie napędu
    take-off
    landing
    power failure
    Opis:
    Obiektem badań jest śmigłowiec Mi-2 plus, dla którego należy opracować technikę sterowania po awarii napędu w czasie wykonywania "pionowych " startów i lądowań na krótkich lądowiskach. Do punktów krytycznych, które należy przeanalizować w badaniach techniki wykonania startów i lądowań na ograniczonym lądowisku należą, przede wszystkim, problem przelotu przez pierścień wirowy oraz problem występowania strefy H-V. Należy wziąć także pod uwagę występowanie przeszkód na terenie lądowiska (zakłada się wysokość przeszkód do około 20 m). W opracowaniu zostały zamieszczone symulacje obliczeniowe sterownia śmigłowcem Mi-2 plus po awarii silnika (dla różnych wysokości wystąpienia awarii). Przedstawiono sposób sterownia pochyleniem kadłuba oraz wartością kąta skoku ogólnego pozwalający na uzyskanie określonych trajektorii lotu. Zamieszczono również niektóre wyniki z prób w locie przeprowadzonych w PZL Świdnik S.A. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych symulacji i badań lotnych stwierdzono, iż istnieje możliwość bezpiecznego wykonania manewrów "pionowych " startów i lądowań.
    The object of the tests is the Mi-2 Plus helicopter, for which a method of controlling the helicopter after a power failure during vertical take-off and landing on short landing ground should be designed. The problems of flight through the vortex ring and occurrence of the H-V zone belong to the critical points, which should be analyzed in tests of the method of take-off and landing on a short landing ground. The occurrence of obstacles on the area of the landing ground should also be taken into account (the height of the obstacles is assumed to be up to around 20m). In the development of the tests, numerical simulations of controlling the Mi-2 Plus helicopter after engine failure (for varying height at which the failure took place) were included. A method of control through the inclination of the fuselage as well as the value of the rotor tilt angle, which allows for certain flight trajectories to be obtained, was introduced. Included also were certain results from flight tests carried out at PZL Świdnik S.A. On the basis of the simulations performed and flight tests, it was decided that there exists a possibility of safely performing "vertical" take-off and landing manoeuvres.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa; 2006, 1-2 (184-185); 119-122
    0509-6669
    2300-5408
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Probabilistic model for airport runway safety areas
    Autorzy:
    Szabo, S.
    Vittek, P.
    Kraus, J.
    Plos, V.
    Lališ, A.
    Štumper, M.
    Vajdova, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374515.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    take-off
    landing
    runway
    safety area
    probability
    distance
    start
    lądowanie
    pas startowy
    obszary bezpieczeństwa
    prawdopodobieństwo
    odległość
    Opis:
    The Laboratory of Aviation Safety and Security at CTU in Prague has recently started a project aimed at runway protection zones. The probability of exceeding by a certain distance from the runway in common incident/accident scenarios (take-off/landing overrun/veer-off, landing undershoot) is being identified relative to the runway for any airport. As a result, the size and position of safety areas around runways are defined for the chosen probability. The basis for probability calculation is a probabilistic model using statistics from more than 1400 real-world cases where jet airplanes have been involved over the last few decades. Other scientific studies have contributed to understanding the issue and supported the model’s application to different conditions.
    Źródło:
    Transport Problems; 2017, 12, 2; 89-97
    1896-0596
    2300-861X
    Pojawia się w:
    Transport Problems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problematyka emisji toksycznych składników spalin silników lotniczych
    Issues concerning toxic exhausts emission of aircraft engines
    Autorzy:
    Pawlak, M.
    Kuźniar, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/317334.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    spaliny silników lotniczych
    emisja spalin
    start
    lądowanie
    szacowanie emisji
    współczynnik emisji spalin
    engine exhaust
    exhaust emission
    take-off
    landing
    emission estimation
    emission factor
    Opis:
    W artykule poruszono problematykę emisji toksycznych składników spalin silników lotniczych. Opisano specyfikę operacji lotniczych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem etapu startu/lądowania (LTO - landing takeoff operation) oraz metody szacowania wskaźników emisji CO i NOₓ dla silników odrzutowych samolotów w zależności od wykonywanego manewru/etapu lotu. Bazując na dostępnych raportach i bazach danych ICAO, dokonano wyznaczenia współczynników emisji wybranych toksycznych składników spalin oraz ilości wyemitowanych zanieczyszczeń. Dokonano analizy porównawczej typowych silników stosowanych w samolotach średnio i dalekodystansowych, zarówno tych starszej, jak i nowszej generacji.
    The paper presents the issues of emission of toxic compounds in exhaust gases of aviation engines. The specifics of aviation operations with particular focus on the landing take-off operation (LTO) and methods for estimating CO and NOₓ emission factors for aircraft jet engines, depending on the maneuver / flight stage, were described. Based on available ICAO reports and databases, emission factors for selected toxic exhaust components and loads of those pollutant emissions were determined. A comparative analysis of typical engines used in medium and long haul aircrafts, both older and newer was performed.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 12; 338-344, CD
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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