Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "surface finishing" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Mirror surface finishing of hardened die steel by high-Power ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting
Autorzy:
Jung, H.
Shamoto, E.
Ueyama, T.
Hamada, S.
Xu, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100101.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
elliptical vibration cutting
mirror surface finishing
hardened steel
Opis:
Ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting has recently been utilized in industry for finishing of various precision parts such as mirror surface finishing and precision micro machining of dies and molds. However, its application has been limited to high-cost ultra-precision machining, where depth of cut is typically in a range from a few micrometers to several tens of micrometers due to power limitation of the vibration device. To expand its application to low-cost mirror surface finishing with ordinary machining facilities, a high-power elliptical vibration device was developed in this research. The elliptical vibration cutting of hardened die steel was examined by applying the developed high-power elliptical vibration device with single crystalline diamond tools. Pick feed was kept to be 0.02 mm to obtain mirror quality surfaces, while depth of cut was increased up to 0.4 mm to verify performance of the high-power elliptical vibration cutting. By analyzing the experimental results, it was clarified that mirror surface finishing of the hardened die steel can be achieved at the large depth of cut with practically acceptable tool life.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2016, 16, 1; 5-14
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The finishing of composite coatings in aspect of surface roughness reduction
Autorzy:
Dyl, T. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242029.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
composite coatings
flame spraying
cutting inserts
surface finishing
Opis:
The influence of the shape and grade of inserts upon the geometric structure of the composite coatings Ni-5%Al- 15%Al2O3 and alloy coatings of Ni-5% Al is considered in the paper. Nickel matrix coatings were sprayed by the Casto-Dyn 8000 torch on a steel substrate, and then subjected to straight turning. Determining of the optimum geometry of indexing is now synonymous with the selection of the optimum shape and dimensions of the insert and of an appropriate holder. According to cutting board it was selected square, triangular, trigon inserts, made of carbide and of cubic boron nitride (borazon). Machining of nickel-based coatings was carried out for the cutting speed vc = 214 m/min in the case of treatment with borazon inserts, vc = 107m/min in case of plates treated with tungsten carbide cutting, using the feed fn=0.06mm/rev and the depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm. Metal cutting the surface of steel samples coated with a composite coating containing 15% Al2O3 based on nickel, conducted for the cutting speed vc = 157 m/min when machining with borazon inserts and for vc = 83 m/min inserts with tungsten carbide for feed fn = 0.06 mm/rev and depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm. Highly precise finishing of flame spraying composite and alloy coatings was carried out using turning by tool with borazon inserts. Flank (VB) and attack (KB) wear coefficient of inserts while maintaining a constant spiral cutting length (SCL) were determined. Important elements parts (such as engines, pumps, centrifugal separators) are regenerated during long-term utilization. This paper proposes the use of regenerated technology subsonic flame thermal spraying and surface finishing by turning composite and alloy coatings of ship machinery parts.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 75-81
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finishing intermetallic coatings in order to reduce the surface roughness
Autorzy:
Dyl, T. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
thermal spraying
intermetallic coatings
surface finishing
cutting inserts
Opis:
The paper presents a shape and grade of inserts depending on the surface roughness of the intermetallic coatings NiAl and Ni3Al. Intermetallic coatings on nickel based were sprayed with a torch Casto-Dyn 8000 on the steel samples. Thermal spraying intermetallic coatings have been high surface roughness, and therefore they must to be finishing. Experimental research was conducted for unalloyed steel samples with thermal spraying NiAl and Ni3Al intermetallic coatings. Before applying coatings, the samples surface was properly prepared by stream abrasive working, degreasing and finally by cleaning of oxidation products. To testing cutting inserts shape selects square and trigon made tungsten carbide and cubic boron nitride (borazon). Machining intermetallic nickel based coatings were carried out for the cutting speed vc = 214 m/min in the case of after-machining with inserts of borazon, vc = 107 m/min cutting inserts for tungsten carbide, used feed fn = 0.06 mm/rev and depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm. Intermetallic coatings are characterized by high resistance to tribology wear. These materials are used in such fields of technology, such as: electronics, energy, defense, automotive, aviation, shipbuilding, and more industry. The NiAl and Ni3Al intermetallic have found widespread applications as high – temperature structural material due to their high melting point, low density, good thermal conductivity and excellent oxidation resistance. The paper proposes the finishing flame sprayed intermetallic coatings.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 77-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving the quality of technological surfaces of machines of composite coatings
Autorzy:
Dyl, T. C.
Starosta, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
composite coatings
flame spraying
surface finishing
technological quality
Opis:
Nickel matrix coatings were sprayed by the Casto-Dyn 8000 torch on a steel substrate, and then subjected to straight turning. Determining of the optimum geometry of indexing is now synonymous with the selection of the optimum shape and dimensions of the insert and of an appropriate holder. According to cutting board, it was selected square, triangular, trigon inserts, made of carbide and of cubic boron nitride (borazon). Machining of nickel-based coatings was carried out for the cutting speed vc = 214 m/min in the case of treatment with borazon inserts, vc = 107 m/min in case of plates treated with tungsten carbide cutting, using the feed f =0.06 mm/rev and the depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm. Metal cutting the surface of steel samples coated with a composite coating containing 15% Al2O3 based on nickel, conducted for the cutting speed vc = 157 m/min when machining with borazon inserts and for vc = 83 m/min inserts with tungsten carbide for feed f = 0.06 mm/rev and depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm. Highly precise finishing of flame spraying composite and alloy coatings was carried out using turning by tool with borazon inserts. Flank (VB) and attack (KB) of turning tool wear while maintaining a constant length of spiral cutting (LSC) were determined. The effect of the shape and grade of inserts upon the geometric structure of the composite coatings and is considered in the paper. The article can determine the shape and grade of inserts is necessary to obtain sufficient quality of the shaft of centrifugal pumps with a composite coating.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 1; 75-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vibratory Machining Effect on the Properties of the Aluminum Alloys Surface
Autorzy:
Bańkowski, D.
Spadło, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381515.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surface finishing
tumble finishing
vibratory machining
surface roughness
wykańczanie powierzchni
obróbka wibracyjna
chropowatość powierzchni
Opis:
The article presents an example of finishing treatment for aluminum alloys with the use of vibration machining, with loose abrasive media in a closed tumbler. For the analysis of selected properties of the surface layer prepared flat samples of aluminum alloy PA6/2017 in the state after recrystallization. The samples in the first stage were subjected to a treatment of deburring using ceramic media. In a second step polishing process performed with a strengthening metal media. In addition, for comparative purposes was considered. only the case of metal polishing. The prepared samples were subjected to hardness tests and a tangential tensile test. As a result of finishing with vibratory machining, it was possible to remove burrs, flash, rounding sharp edges, smoothing and lightening the surface of objects made. The basic parameters of the surface geometry were obtained using the Talysurf CCI Lite - Taylor Hobson optical profiler. As a result of the tests it can be stated that the greatest reduction of surface roughness and mass loss occurs in the first minutes of the process. Mechanical tests have shown that the most advantageous high values of tensile strength and hardness are obtained with two-stage vibration treatment, - combination of deburring and polishing. Moreover the use of metal media resulted in the strengthening of the surface by pressure deburring with metal media.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 4; 19-24
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Convergence technology for vehicle part surface finishing
Autorzy:
Sikulskiy, Valeriy
Maiorova, Kateryna
Vorobiov, Yurii
Fomichev, Petro
Myronova, Svitlana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
honing
superfinishing
surface finishing
electrochemical machining
impulse thermal energy method
honowanie
dogładzanie
wykończenie powierzchni
obróbka elektrochemiczna
Opis:
The subject of this research is convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts. A literature review has been conducted to carry out a comparative analysis of existing methods for the surface finishing of parts used in the manufacturing of aircraft, hydraulic and pneumatic devices, and other vehicles. Prospects are shown for further research on methods with the aim of creating a complex technology (i.e., convergence) that combines information technologies; nanotechnologies; and thermochemical, electrochemical, and mechanical processing methods. A method is proposed for selecting and combining surface finishing methods according to a five-point expert assessment, which allows the batch processing of vehicle parts. Based on this method, the concept of convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts is proposed, which includes the impulse thermal energy method, honing, superfinishing, and electrochemical processing. An expanded process is presented for manufacturing parts with high-precision, low-roughness surfaces and a specified microrelief by using electrochemical superfinishing and electrochemical honing. A scheme of the concentration (focusing) of the current flow during electrochemical superfinishing due to the movement of the electrode relative to the part surface is proposed, which enables the effect of surface polishing and the removal of oxidation products. Convergence technology for the surface finishing of vehicle parts will provide parts’ geometric dimensions with micro- and nano-precision and allow the precision machining of small-diameter holes and complex profiles, increased machining accuracy (up to 0.001 microns), the possibility of batch processing, and the possibility of process automation.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2023, 18, 1; 117--127
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical modelling of behaviour of surface finishing of composite materials
Autorzy:
Vosáhlo, Josef
Syrovátková, Martina
Petrů, Michal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
surface finishing
gravel
composite
material models
FEM model
wykończenie powierzchni
żwir
kompozyt
modele materiałowe
model MES
Opis:
The article describes and compares the course of the resistance test of a treated surface against the impact of gravel with the model of the test process. The two series of composite samples with surface treatment underwent a so-called gravel test, followed by the evaluation of the test results. Simultaneously with the tests, the material models of the tested composites were created. The input values obtained were used to create a FEM model. The model describes the response of the surface treatment to the impact of the object i.e. gravel of the given size and weight/number. The modelling results were compared with the results of real tests.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2018, 12, 1; 48-53
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the brake pad surface machining and finishing on its friction performance : examined by inertia brake dynamometer testing
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, T.
Kurczyński, D.
Łagowski, P.
Warianek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
brake pads
friction characteristics
surface machining
surface finishing
machining methods
finishing methods
noise emission
brakes test
dynamometry
klocki hamulcowe
właściwości cierne
obróbka powierzchni
wykończenie powierzchni
metody obróbki
metody wykańczające
emisja hałasu
badania hamulców
pomiary dynamometryczne
Opis:
The article describes the influence of brake pads surface machining and finishing on their friction characteristics. It shows the methods of machining and finishing of the brake pads surface and their influence on noise emission and performance. It shows the brake dynamometer test results obtained on three brake pads which have three different types of surface modification and their detailed analysis and comparison.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 399-404, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New trends in hybrid finishing processes of metallic additively fabricated parts – a short review
Autorzy:
Rech, Joel
Grzesik, Wit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
additive machining
conventional finishing
hybrid finishing
surface quality
Opis:
This comprehensive survey highlights some important finishing processes used in fabricating additively manufactured parts, mainly using SLM (Selective Laser Melting). In practice, there are applied hybrid processes which integrate additive and subtractive componential processes (AM+SM type) or additional finishing processes, mainly based on the electrochemical polishing such as ECP (Electrochemical Cavitation Polishing) and PEMEC (Electrochemical-Mechanical Polishing) ones. On the other hand, AFM (Abrasive Flow Machining) is predominantly recommended for conformal cooling (CC) channels. Some conclusions and future trends in the implementation of special hybrid finishing processes are outlined.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2023, 23, 1; 36--46
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of the geometry of the cutting edge and machining parameters of duplex cast steel after turning
Autorzy:
Dyl, T. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turning
finishing
forming surface layer
surface roughness reduction
duplex cast steel
Opis:
The development and research activity is connected to the production of newer and more functional products. Innovative processes are being developed and applied; services and projects are delivered. Products are work items that should be initially designed, then manufactured and finally sold and utilized. Examples of products may be airplanes, ships, cars, machine tools, gears, crankshafts, drive shaft, tubes as well as gasoline, electricity and gas, etc. The product has to meet the expectations of the future use. It is characterized by a set of functional features. In the case of machines and their capabilities and performance, for example, durability, reliability, resulting from the characteristics represented by the structural units forming the structure. The formation of the desired features of the surface layer in the technological process is an important problem due to the ability of the elements of kinematic pairs to fulfil the function as long as possible foreseen for them. The article presents results of experimental studies of turning cast steel grade GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3. The aim of the research was to determine the geometry of the cutting edge and the technological parameters of cutting that are conducive to obtaining the roughness in the field of very accurate machining. It can achieve the appropriate technological quality of the workpiece surface. After these experimental studies was determined that there is a reduction roughness using suitable inserts. Turning was made for the duplex cast steel. The technological parameters of machining process were used: feed rate f = 0.1-0.2 mm/rev, depth of cut ap = 0.5 mm, cutting speed vc = 50-100 m/min. Turning was made using universal lathe CDS 500x1000 equipped with CCMT carbide tipped inserts.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 75-81
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of lapping tools for mirror-like surface processing of cemented carbide die
Autorzy:
Soe, Y. H.
Tanabe, I.
Iyama, T.
Nishiyama, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
lapping
die
cemented carbide
mirror-like surface
finishing
Opis:
Recently, cemented carbide dies are used for many industrial products, due to their high stiffness and long life. Electric discharge machining is conventionally used and then, hand lapping is finally undergoes for mirror-like finishing of these products. In privious research, a simple lapping system for only plane surfaces of cemented carbide die was developed. In this study, several lapping tools for lapping of side, edge and corner were developed and evaluated by experiments. The system consists of a lapping tool, lapping vessel and conventional NC milling machine. The lapping vessel is placed on the table of the NC machine and the lapping tool is fitted with the spindle of the NC machine. Cemented carbide work piece is sunk and fitted in the lapping slurry and lapping processing is taken using the developed tools. Each lapping tool consists of a coil spring for supplying lapping pressure and the NC program was made possible to move the lapping head to contact and leave the work surface regularly for catching new grains and dressing. These lapping tools were finally evaluated by experiments. It is concluded from the results that the developed lapping tools were capable of lapping side, edge and corner of the cemented carbide work pieces for mirror-like surface finishing.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2012, 12, 1; 66-75
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary applications of magnetoreological fluids for finishing process
Autorzy:
Sutowska, M.
Sutowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
magnetorheological fluid
magnetorheological finishing
surface roughness
ciecz magnetoreologiczna
obróbka wykończeniowa
chropowatość powierzchni
Opis:
The article presents the current state of knowledge on the use of magnetorheological fluids for finishing processes. The paper descsribes the type of the materials and surfaces to be machined and the composition of the magnetorheological fluids used in this area. The most interesting applications were described in more detail, paying particular attention to the schematic diagram of the test stands, obtained results of experimental tests and the results of roughness measurements of the surfaces exposed to magnetically controlled fluids. The article also describes the directions of the newest experimental and simulation research on the application of magnetorheological fluids in the field.
Źródło:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2017, 1, 2; 141-152
2544-0780
2544-1671
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Abrasive Paste on the Effects of Vibratory Machining of Brass
Autorzy:
Bańkowski, D.
Spadło, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surface treatment
product development
vibratory machining
surface roughness
brass
finishing
obróbka powierzchniowa
rozwój produktu
obróbka wibracyjna
chropowatość powierzchni
wykończenie
mosiądz
Opis:
The article presents the results of research on the finishing of M63 Z4 brass by vibratory machining. Brass alloy was used for the research due to the common use of ammunition elements, cartridge case and good cold forming properties on the construction. Until now, the authors have not met with the results of research to determine the impact of abrasive pastes in container processing. It was found that the additive for container abrasive treatment of abrasive paste causes larger mass losses and faster surface smoothing effects. The treatment was carried out in two stages: in the first stage, the workpieces were deburred and then polished. Considerations were given to the impact of mass of workpieces, machining time and its type on mass loss and changes in the geometric structure of the surface. The surface roughness of machining samples was measured with the Talysurf CCI Lite optical profiler. The suggestions for future research may be to carry out tests using abrasive pastes with a larger granulation of abrasive grains, and to carry out tests for longer processing times and to determine the time after which the parameters of SGP change is unnoticeable.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 5-10
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Aplication of Vibro – Abrasive Machining for Smoothing of Castings
Autorzy:
Bańkowski, D.
Spadło, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
odlewy
obróbka wibrościerna
wykończenie
jakość powierzchni
castings
vibro-abrasive machining
finishing
burrs removal
surface quality
Opis:
The paper presents the production problems related to casting using precision casting methods. The essential adverse effect of the casting process is the presence of burrs understood as oversize material necessary to remove the next finishing operations. In addition, the surfaces of the cast often characterized by a porous structure. One of the methods to improve the smoothness of the area proposed by the authors is the use of vibro-abrasive finishing. This type of treatment is widely used in the treatment of finishing small objects as well as complex shapes. Objects in the form of casting in the first step was treated with aggressive deburring polyester matrix abrasive media. The second stage was polishing, with using smoothing porcelain media. The study evaluated the effect of vibro-abrasive machining typical cast on the basic parameters of the geometric structure of the surface. Observations using optical microscope Nicon Eclipse MA 200 compared changes in surface microstructure and the effect of deburring. Clearly we can say that vibro-abrasive machining an effective way of reducing the size of burrs, smoothing and lightening the surface of objects made by casting.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 1; 169-173
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sequential treatment process in a rotary container polishing machine with periodic workpiece location changes in working abrasives areas
Autorzy:
Juniewicz, Mateusz
Plichta, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
mass finishing
active holder
stainless steel
surface roughness
obróbka wykończeniowa
uchwyt aktywny
stal nierdzewna
chropowatość powierzchni
Opis:
This paper presents the process of a 3-step machining process involving pre-treatment, smoothing and polishing, placing the workpiece in different energy levels of the working load in a rotary-cascade container smoother, by moving it towards the radial direction of the working chamber of the smoother. Studies show the ability to control the course of pre-treatment, smoothing and finishing intensity, both in terms of process parameters and treatment time. Such a structure of the machining process, it also allows you to influence the structure geometry of the machined surfaces in successive stages of machining, and consequently on the final quality. The proposed organization and structure of the process allows for the creation of a new one surface treatment strategy.
Źródło:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2022, 6, 2; 1--6
2544-0780
2544-1671
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies