Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "structural control" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Comparing the efficiency of different structural skeleton for base isolated domes
Autorzy:
Casciati, Sara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
base isolation
design requirements
dome
isolation device
passive structural control
wymagania projektowe
kopuła
urządzenie izolujące
izolacja sejsmiczna
kontrola strukturalna pasywna
Opis:
The structural concept of the dome dates back to the Pantheon in Rome. It is used as the cover of many churches and mosques all around the world. Light solutions, with a well-visible dome-shaped truss skeleton, are often preferred in modern architecture. Base isolation techniques can be adopted to mitigate the seismic effects. This paper aims to investigate the efficiency of different designs for the truss skeleton. To solve the problem, one has to assign the constraints, the materials and the geometry of the dome, its supporting structure and the isolation devices (number, locations, and type). The screening of the effects of different scheme assumptions on structural behaviour provides a better insight into the problem.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2023, 71, 3; art. no. e143555
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interaction between tectonics, plutonism and mineralization of the Duna Pb-Ba ore deposit regarding fluid inclusion study (Central Alborz, Iran)
Autorzy:
Sadeghi, Alireza
Asiabar, Saeid Hakimi
Nezafati, Nima
Ganji, Alireza
Mukherjee, Soumyajit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Alborz
overprinting tectonics
plutonism
fluid inclusion
structural control
duna type ore deposit
Pb-Ba ore deposit
carbonate-hosted
Elburs
plutonizm
inkluzja fluidalna
sterowanie strukturalne
złoża rud
Opis:
This article discusses the impacts of overprinting of tectonic and plutonic events on the mineralization of the Duna Pb-Ba ore deposit, according to geologic settings and fluid inclusion studies. The Duna carbonate-hosted deposit contains a significant amount of Ag (18.9–264.3 ppm ), Cu (77–41600 ppm), Sb (32.7–11000 ppm), Sr (63.5–15100 ppm), and Fluid inclusions with 7.34–23.65 wt.% NaCl equivalent. The homogenization temperature of about 110–285°C, as well as the paragenesis of the minerals shows a difference compared with other Pb-Zn deposits such as the Irish-type and MVT. The ore mineralization in the Duna mine occurred as stratabound, open space-filling, and along the brecciated fault zones. The concordant (stratabound) type of mineralization, with salinity and homogenization temperature of 18.54 to 23.65 wt.% NaCl equivalent, and 113°C to 165°C respectively, is usually typical of MVT-ore deposits, which in this area evolved during the Early Cimmerian orogeny and was later interrupted by mineralization along younger brecciated fault zones with salinity and homogenization temperature of 7.34 to 23.65 wt.% NaCl equivalent, and 113°C to 285°C respectively. This discordant mineralization, which occurred along the faults, formed by the end of the Late Cretaceous and during the Cenozoic as a result of the intrusion of a plutonic mass, and is comparable to the Irish-type ore deposits.
Źródło:
Acta Geologica Polonica; 2023, 73, 2; 201--222
0001-5709
Pojawia się w:
Acta Geologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leaky partial updates to control a real device casing
Autorzy:
Bismor, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
structural active noise control
partial updates
leaky LMS
signal processing
strukturalna aktywna redukcja hałasu
aktualizacje częściowe
LMS z wyciekiem
przetwarzanie sygnałów
Opis:
Structural active noise control (ANC) is one of few solutions applicable when global noise reduction is required: control of a whole device casing allows to lower the acoustic energy emitted by this device. Unfortunately, structural ANC usually requires a large number of sensors and actuators, making the control system multichannel with large dimensionality. This in turn presents a huge computational power demands. There are several ways to lower this demand, the partial updates being one of them. The goal of this paper is to show applicability of the leaky partial update LMS algorithms in structural ANC of a washing machine casing. The transfer functions of the numerous device paths were identified using a real washing machine in the ANC laboratory. The identified transfer functions allowed to create a simulation system, where different algorithms could be easily tested. The results of the simulations confirm effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2022, 33, 3; art. no. 2022304
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal passive structural control under extreme earthquake excitations using a combined pendulum tuned mass damper
Autorzy:
Kamel, Abanoub G.
Basily, Remon M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
passive structural control
earthquake excitations
offshore platform
Tuned Mass Damper
mathematical modelling
MATLAB©
pasywna kontrola konstrukcji
wzbudzenia trzęsień ziemi
platforma morska
wielokrotne strojone tłumiki masowe
modelowanie matematyczne
Opis:
Many engineering applications utilize passive Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) in several engineering applications because of their simplicity, readiness, and their ability in attenuating structural vibrations exposed to mild or extreme earthquake excitations. The main aim of this work is to find the optimum values of the system parameters after attaching a three degree of freedom Combined Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper (3-DOF CPTMD) to the main structure to investigate if the proposed solution will assist in reducing the amplitudę of the vibration. Three optimization search techniques are utilized, and the best optimum method is determined. Moreover, the structural system was modelled mathematically to get the governing motion equations, and the system was put into state-space format before being simulated using a homemade MATLAB© code. Additionally, it is found that the proposed 3-DOF CPTMD is very effective in dampening the structural vibrations under various earthquake excitations (including extreme conditions)
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics; 2021, 20, 4; 51--64
2299-9965
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of synthesis methods in position optimisation and selection of tuned mass damper (TMD) parameters for systems with many degrees of freedom
Autorzy:
Dymarek, Andrzej
Dzitowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1409049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
structural control system
vibration
simple fractions
synthesis
rational functions
dynamic characteristics
Opis:
The paper formulates and formalises a method for selecting parameters of the tuned mass damper (TMD) for primary systems with many degrees of freedom. The method presented uses the properties of positive rational functions, in particular their decomposition, into simple fractions and continued fractions, which is used in the mixed method of synthesis of vibrating mechanical systems. In order to formulate a method of tuning a TMD, the paper discusses the basic properties of positive rational functions. The main assumptions of the mixed synthesis method is presented, based on which the general method of determining TMD parameters in the case of systems with many degrees of freedom was formulated. It has been shown that a tuned mass damper suppresses the desired resonance zone regardless of where the excitation force is applied. The advantages of the formulated method include the fact of reducing several forms of the object’s free vibration by attaching an additional system with the number of degrees of freedom corresponding to the number of resonant frequencies reduced. In addition, the tuned mass damper determined in the case of excitation force applied at a single point can be attached to any element of the inertial primary system without affecting the reduction conditions in this way. It results directly from the methodology formalised in the paper. As part of the paper, numerical calculations were performed regarding the tuning of the TMD to the first form of free vibration of a system with 3 degrees of freedom. The parameters determined were subjected to analysis and verification of the correctness of the calculations carried out. For the considered case of a system with 3 degrees of freedom together with a TMD, time responses of displacement, from each floor, were generated to excitation induced by a harmonic force equal to the first form of vibration of the basic system. In addition, in the case of the parameters obtained, the response of the inertial element system to which the TMD was attached to random white noise excitation was determined.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2021, 31, 1; 185-211
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sound Transmission Through a Thin Plate with Shaped Frequency Response
Autorzy:
Wrona, Stanislaw
Mazur, Krzysztof
Rzepecki, Jaroslaw
Chraponska, Anna
Pawelczyk, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
structural control
frequency response shaping
vibrating plate
optimisation
modelling
Opis:
Thin plates, in the form of individual panels or whole device casings, often separate the noise source from its recipients. It would be very desirable if the panels could effectively block the sound transmission preventing noise from further propagation. This is especially challenging to achieve at low frequencies. A promising approach, intensively developed in the recent years, is to employ active control methods by adding sensors and actuators, and running a control algorithm. However, if the noise is narrow-band, an alternative passive solution originally developed by the authors can be applied. It is based on appropriately located passive elements which can be used to alter the frequency response of the vibrating structure thus improving its sound insulation properties. Such an approach is referred to as the frequency response shaping method. The purpose of this paper is to further develop this method and apply it to a device casing panel. The efficiency of the method is evaluated by simulation and real experiments. Appropriate cost functions and mathematical models are formulated and used to optimise the arrangement of passive elements mounted to the plate, enhancing its sound insulation properties at the given frequency range. The results are reported, and advantages and limits of the method are pointed out and discussed.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2019, 44, 4; 731-738
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Double Panel Structure for Active Control of Noise Transmission
Autorzy:
Morzyński, L.
Szczepański, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
noise
sound insulating enclosure
active structural acoustic control
virtual microphone
Opis:
Passive noise reduction means are commonly used to reduce noise in the industry but, unfortunately, their effectiveness is poor in the low frequency range. By applying active structural acoustic control to the enclosure walls significant improvement of the insulating properties in this frequency range can be achieved. In this paper a model of double panel structure with ASAC is presented. The structure consists of two aluminium plates separated by an air gap. Two inertial magnetoelectric actuators and two piezoceramic MFC sensors were used for controlling the structure. A multichannel FxLMS algorithm with virtual error microphone technique is used as a control algorithm. The signal of a virtual error microphone is extrapolated basing on signals from MFC sensors. Performance of this actively controlled structure for tonal signals at selected frequencies is presented in the article. During the study, a double panel structure was mounted on one wall of sound insulating enclosure located in an acoustic chamber. During the measurements local and global reduction of noise test signal was investigated.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2018, 43, 4; 689-696
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Active Transient Acousto-Structural Response Control of a Smart Cavity-Coupled Circular Plate System
Autorzy:
Hasheminejad, S. M.
Shakeri, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sound radiation
structural-borne noise control
coupled multi-field problem
piezoelectric disc actuator
cylindrical enclosure
GA-tuned controller
Opis:
The transient vibroacoustic response suppression of a piezo-coupled sandwich circular plate backed by a rigid-walled cylindrical acoustic enclosure is investigated. Problem formulation is based on the linear acoustic wave theory, Kirchhoff thin plate model, fluid/structure compatibility relations, Rayleigh integra formula, and active damping control (ADC) strategy. Matlab’s Genetic Algorithm (GA) is utilized to identify and optimize the feedback controller gain parameter based on a multi-objective performance index function. Durbin’s numerical Laplace inversion scheme is then used to calculate the key acousto-structural response parameters due to a transverse impulsive shock force for selected cavity depths. Numerical simulations demonstrate satisfactory performance of adopted control methodology in effective suppression of panel displacement response and radiated external sound pressure for enclosures of shallow and moderate depths. Limiting cases are considered and accuracy of the proposed model is rigorously verified.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 2; 273-286
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dwupłytowa struktura aktywna do ograniczania transmisji hałasu przez obudowy i przegrody dźwiękoizolacyjne
Double-layered active structure for reducing noise transmission through sound insulating barriers
Autorzy:
Morzyński, L.
Krukowicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
hałas
obudowa dźwiękoizolacyjna
akustyczno-strukturalna aktywna redukcja hałasu
mikrofon wirtualny
noise
sound insulation
sound insulation enclosure
active structural acoustic control
virtual microphone
Opis:
Obudowy dźwiękoizolacyjne są jednym i podstawowych środków technicznych, stosowanych powszechnie do ograniczania hałasu. Izolacyjność przegród pasywnych maleje jednak ze spadkiem częstotliwości dźwięku. Izolacyjność w zakresie niskich częstotliwości może być zwiększona poprzez zastosowanie aktywnych metod redukcji hałasu. W artykule przedstawiono budowę i zasadę działania dwupłytowej struktury aktywnej do ograniczania transmisji hałasu przez przegrody. Do sterowania przegrodą korzystano algorytm z ekstrapolacją sygnału błędu w oparciu o sygnały z przetworników drganiowych Przedstawiono wyniki badań struktury na stanowisku laboratoryjnym.
Sound insulating enclosures are a basic technical measure commonly used to reduce noise. Insulation of passive sound insulating barriers, however, decreases with a decrease in frequency. Insulation in the low frequency range can be increased by using active noise control methods. This article presents the structure and principle of operation of a double-layered active structure to limit the transmission of noise through barriers. An algorithm, which extrapolates the error microphone signal based on signals from the vibration transducers, is used for structure control. This article presents structure performance in laboratory conditions.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2017, 10; 24-28
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic behavior of steel frames with tuned mass dampers
Autorzy:
Jouneghani, K. T.
Hosseini, M.
Rohanimanesh, M. S.
Dehkordi, M. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
earthquake
Tuned Mass Dampers
vibration control
dynamic behaviour
steel frames
structural control
Opis:
In this paper, the application of tuned mass damper in improving the response of structures is considered. At first, three frames of 3, 9 and 20 stories are evaluated in which time history analysis is done according to El – Straw earthquake. The maximum reduction of among the three mentioned frames belongs to a 20-stories structure in which the rate of story displacement reduction is between 25 to 45%, and this indicates that by increasing the height of the structure, the performance of tuned mass damper improved. In the second part, the effect of semi-active tuned mass damper is studied on a 10-stories frame. Studies showed that using a tuned mass damper system with viscous damper with controller force decreases the average of maximum displacement of roof story down to 39.9 % and this amount of reduction is 22.8% for semi-active tuned mass damper. Finally, the performance of tuned Single and multiple mass Damper is evaluated on a 20-stories frame, and the results show that single and multiple dampers decrease structures ‘responses and the performance of tuned multiple dampers depends on the mass and frequency ratio and also concluded that the performance of tuned multiple mass dampers is reduced by transition to middle of the structure stories.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2017, 11, 2; 146-158
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Korzyści zastosowania technologii CNC w obróbce materiałów konstrukcyjnych w budownictwie
The benefits of CNC technology for processing construction materials in the industry
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, D.
Plebankiewicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/161840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polski Związek Inżynierów i Techników Budownictwa
Tematy:
sektor budowlany
materiał konstrukcyjny
obróbka
sterowanie numeryczne
CNC
wprowadzanie danych
CAD
construction sector
structural material
processing
computerized numerical control
data input
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka technologii obróbki materiałów budowlanych CNC i porównanie jej z technologią obróbki konwencjonalnej. W artykule omówiono ogólny zarys technologii CNC ze szczególnym wyróżnieniem jej podstawowych zalet i wad oraz przedstawiono wyniki krótkiej analizy porównawczej dotyczącej norm czasu pracy na wykonanie montażu drewnianych elementów konstrukcji dachów budynków lub konstrukcji zwykłych z drewna klejonego warstwowo (GL ), obrabianego w technologii CNC oraz litego drewna tartacznego, przy założeniu ręcznej obróbki drewna sposobem tradycyjnym (konwencjonalnym).
The aim of this article is a description of CNC construction materials processing technology and compare it with conventional processing technology. This article discusses an overview of the CNC technology with a special distinction of its main advantages and disadvantages, and presents the results of a brief comparative analysis of working time norms for the assembly of structural elements of roofs of glued laminated timber (GL ) of buildings or normal construction, which were processed in the CNC technology and full edged sawn timber, assuming manual wood processing in conventional method.
Źródło:
Przegląd Budowlany; 2017, 88, 12; 37-41
0033-2038
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Budowlany
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwarunkowania skłonności do palenia papierosów. Wyniki modelowania równań strukturalnych
Autorzy:
Czaderny, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1827684.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
lung cancer
cancer prevention
cancer control
smoking
masculinity
childhood
SEM
structural equation modeling
epidemiology
health gap
Opis:
According to the age-period-cohort projection of lung cancer incidence (ICD-10 codes C33-C34), smoking prevention will be crucial for both men and women longevity. Lung cancer remains the main cancer cause of death among males in Poland. In 2014 the number of deaths in Poland caused by lung cancer among men was more than twice as high as for women. The study is focused on identification of attitudes influencing the propensity to smoke, which is performed by structural equation modelling (SEM) based on weighted least squares means and variance adjusted (WLSMV) estimation. Good fit of the presented models is demonstrated by RMSEA, NNFI and CFI values. Reliability of scales is assessed by ordinal alpha and ordinal theta coefficients. Commitment to learning in childhood exhibits the highest standardized effect on propensity to smoke, which is an argument for youth smoking prevention. Structural equation model was estimated for men and women separately because of gender differences in smoking determinants. A strong character, individualism and self-reliance are the factors, which increase smoking propensity among males. These can be treated as features of masculinity and are not statistically important determinants of being a smoker for females. Depressive disorders, being a victim of violence as adults are statistically significant determinants of smoking among women.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2017, 171, 1; 49-69
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Feedforward Control of a Light-Weight Device Casing for Active Noise Reduction
Autorzy:
Wrona, S.
Pawelczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
active control
flexible structures
active noise control
active vibration control
active structural acoustic control
active casing
Opis:
It is possible to enhance acoustic isolation of the device from the environment by appropriately controlling vibration of a device casing. Sound insulation efficiency of this technique for a rigid casing was confirmed by the authors in previous publications. In this paper, a light-weight casing is investigated, where vibrational couplings between walls are much greater due to lack of a rigid frame. A laboratory setup is described in details. The influence of the cross-paths on successful global noise reduction is considered. Multiple vibration actuators are installed on each of the casing walls. An adaptive control strategy based on the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm is used to update control filter parameters. Obtained results are reported, discussed, and conclusions for future research are drawn.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2016, 41, 3; 499-505
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Internal Model Control for a Light-Weight Active Noise-Reducing Casing
Autorzy:
Mazur, K.
Pawełczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
active noise-vibration control
active structural acoustic control
active casing
Internal Model Control
Opis:
The active noise-reducing casing developed and promoted by the authors in recent publications have multiple advantages over other active noise control methods. When compared to classical solutions, it allows for obtaining global reduction of noise generated by a device enclosed in the casing. Moreover, the system does not require loudspeakers, and much smaller actuators attached to the casing walls are used instead. In turn, when compared to passive casings, the walls can be made thinner, lighter and with much better thermal transfer than sound-absorbing materials. For active noise control a feedforward structure is usually used. However, it requires an in-advance reference signal, which can be difficult to be acquired for some applications. Fortunately, usually the dominant noise components are due to rotational operations of the enclosed device parts, and thus they are tonal and multitonal. Therefore, it can be adequately predicted and the Internal Model Control structure can be used to benefit from algorithms well developed for feedforward systems. The authors have already tested that approach for a rigid casing, where interaction of the walls was significantly reduced. In this paper the idea is further explored and applied for a light-weight casing, more frequently met in practice, where each vibrating wall of the casing influences all the other walls. The system is verified in laboratory experiments.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2016, 41, 2; 315-322
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On convergence of the Monotone Structural Evolution
Autorzy:
Korytowski, A.
Szymkat, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
optimal control
direct computational methods
gradient optimization
monotone structural evolution
Opis:
The paper studies convergenceof the Monotone Structural Evolution (MSE), a computational method of optimal control. The principles of MSE are described and an expository example presents the method in action. It is then proved that under appropriate assumptions the method is convergent to the decision space stationarity conditions. Observations on finite convergence and on connections with Pontryagin’s maximum principle are also provided.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2016, 45, 4; 483-512
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies