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    Tytuł:
    Relativized helping operators
    Autorzy:
    Cintioli, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1964198.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska
    Tematy:
    oracle Turing machines
    structural complexity
    relativizes separations
    helping
    Opis:
    Schöning and Ko respectively introduced the concepts of helping and one-side-helping, and then defined new operators, Phelp(•) and P1-help(•), acting on classes of sets C and returning classes of sets Phelp(C) and P1-help(C). A number of results have been obtained on this subject, principally devoted to understanding how wide the Phelp(C) and P1-help(C) classes are. For example, it seems that the Phelp(•) operator contracts NP ∩ coNP}, while the P1-help(•) operator enlarges UP. To better understand the relative power of P1-help(•) versus Phelp(•) we propose to search, for every relativizable class D containing P, the largest relativizable class C containing P such that for every oracle B PBhelp(CB)? PB1-help(DB). In the following paper: Cintioli P. and Silvestri R. 1997 Inf. Proc. Let. 61 189, it has been observed that Phelp(UP ∩ coUP)= P1-help(UP ∩ coUP), and this is true in any relativized world. In this paper we consider the case of D=UP ∩ coUP and demonstrate the existence of an oracle A for which PAhelp(UPA2 ∩ coUPA2) is not contained in PA1-help(UPA ∩ coUPA). We also prove that for every integer k ≥ 2 there exists an oracle A such that PAhelp(UPAk ∩ coUPAk) ? UPAk.
    Źródło:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2005, 9, 3; 357-367
    1428-6394
    Pojawia się w:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Relativiser Alternation and Relative Clause Complexity: Insights from Nigerian and American Varieties
    Autorzy:
    Mayowa, Akinlotan,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/888930.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-09-14
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    relativiser
    relative clause
    structural complexity
    relativiser posterior syntactic form
    Nigerian English
    new Englishes
    Opis:
    Idiosyncrasies and peculiarities distinguishing new Englishes from the established ones are often identified and measured by examining the extent to which structural choices and patterns vary across the board. The competition between relativisers wh- and that in the construction of relative clause, which itself is a structurally complex-versus-simple construction site, allows for showing the extent to which choice of a relativiser relates to the construction of a complex or simple relative clause, given different factors. On the other hand, such investigation can also shed some light on the extent to which structural com- plexity characterises new varieties of English. Relying on 628 relative clauses drawn from written academic corpus, the study shows that WH-relativiser is preferred to THAT-relativiser by the Nigerian speakers, and vice versa by the American speakers. It is also found that WH-relative clause is more likely to be complex-structured while THAT-relative clause is more likely to be simple-structured. Among eight factors tested for independent effects, the factors representing relativiser posterior syntactic form, syntactic function, and syntactic positioning of the relative clause appeared to be strong predictors of where we might (not) find a certain relativiser and whether a complex or simple relative clause will emerge.
    Źródło:
    Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2020, 29/2; 91-113
    0860-5734
    Pojawia się w:
    Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Economic Complexity of the Visegrád Countries and the Role of Trade with Germany
    Autorzy:
    Soyyiğit, Semanur
    Michalski, Bartosz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167581.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-10-23
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
    Tematy:
    economic complexity
    international trade
    economic transition
    structural change
    Central Europe
    Visegrád countries
    Opis:
    The contemporary division of production in the global economy poses challenges typical for dependent market economies of the Visegrád countries (V4: Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia). This comparative study explores whether the foreign trade of V4 with Germany contributes to their structural change. The analysis seeks to determine the long-term impact of specific intra-industry trade variables on the economic complexity, examined at different levels of technological sophistication. Our findings show that as a result of the characteristics of the trade dynamics, the progress of V4 structural change remains not as comprehensive as expected. As a result, it is critically important to provide incentives aimed at strengthening the geographical diversification of their exports and upgrade their position within the global value chains.
    Źródło:
    Central European Economic Journal; 2022, 9, 56; 219-236
    2543-6821
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Economic Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Relationship Between Middle Income Trap and Structural Transformation: The Case of Selected Countries
    Autorzy:
    Soyyiğit, Semanur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076006.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    middle-income trap
    structural transformation
    economic complexity index
    per capita GDP
    random coefficient panel regression model
    Opis:
    Many studies on middle income trap draw attention to the product trap that can be expressed as the fact that countries are stuck in the production and export of unsophisticated products. In this sense, it is stated that the role of a country in the production and export of sophisticated goods is one of the determinant factors to increase the level of income. In the literature, the concept of economic complexity, which is expressed as gaining competitiveness of complex products in terms of production and export, is noteworthy in recent years. In this framework, relationship between the per capita GDP and the economic complexity is examined with regression analysis in this study for selected countries with high-level of income. In the analysis, in which random coefficient panel regression model is applied, a significant relationship was found between the two variables for Austria, Finland, Hong Kong, Japan, Norway, Singapore and Sweden.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2019, 4; 217-235
    2080-0886
    2080-119X
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Probabilities of discrepancy between minima of cross-validation, Vapnik bounds and true risks
    Autorzy:
    Klęsk, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/929593.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    estymacja regresji
    walidacja krzyżowa
    teoria uczenia się
    generalizacja
    teoria statystyczna
    regression estimation
    model comparison
    complexity selection
    cross-validation
    generalization
    statistical learning theory
    generalization bounds
    structural risk minimization
    Opis:
    Two known approaches to complexity selection are taken under consideration: n-fold cross-validation and structural risk minimization. Obviously, in either approach, a discrepancy between the indicated optimal complexity (indicated as the minimum of a generalization error estimate or a bound) and the genuine minimum of unknown true risks is possible. In the paper, this problem is posed in a novel quantitative way. We state and prove theorems demonstrating how one can calculate pessimistic probabilities of discrepancy between these minima for given for given conditions of an experiment. The probabilities are calculated in terms of all relevant constants: the sample size, the number of cross-validation folds, the capacity of the set of approximating functions and bounds on this set. We report experiments carried out to validate the results.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2010, 20, 3; 525-544
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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