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Tytuł:
Podobne czy niepodobne – uwagi na marginesie analizy formalnej obiektów obronnych na podstawie numerycznych modeli terenu. Przykład grodów i zamków z umocnieniami drewniano-ziemnymi na Śląsku, Polska
Similar or dissimilar – remarks on formal analysis of defensive structures based on digital terrain models. Example of earthworks strongholds and castles from Silesia, Poland
Autorzy:
Legut-Pintal, Maria
Rajski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Lidar
castles
strongholds
Silesia
earthworks
umocnienia drewnianoziemne
Opis:
Artykuł powstał w związku z realizacją projektu „Od grodu do zamku – nowe metody i perspektywy badawcze”. Jego celem było wykonanie dokumentacji (planów warstwicowych, cieniowanych modeli reliefu, profili itp.) dla stanowisk archeologicznych o zachowanej formie terenowej z obszaru województwa dolnośląskiego. Przy wykorzystaniu danych z lotniczego skanowania laserowego przygotowano opracowania dla 200 grodów, zamków i fortyfikacji wczesnonowożytnych – łącznie blisko 1400 wizualizacji. Uzyskany materiał stał się podstawą do analiz, w tym rozważań o możliwości zaobserwowania grup obiektów „podobnych”. Stał się również pretekstem do dyskusji o możliwości określenia typowych form obiektów dla poszczególnych okresów historycznych oraz zadania pytań o przyczyny zaobserwowanych podobieństw i różnic. Pomimo ograniczeń metody i słabego stopnia rozpoznania wielu obiektów wydaje się, że udało się znaleźć korelacje między formą stanowisk (zarysem umocnień i ich profilem) a ich chronologią.
This paper is a result of the project “From a stronghold to a castle – new methods and research perspectives”, whose main goal was the creation of documentation (altitude plans, shaded digital terrain models, profiles) for archaeological sites with preserved terrain form. Basing on the digital terrain model (DTM) from airborne scanning data, documentation for ca. 200 archaeological sites (mostly early medieval strongholds, castles and early modern fortification) was created. The documentation consist of nearly 1400 visualisations. Basing on this material, some attempts of formal analyses were made. It was possible to observe groups of “similar” sites. The project has inspired a discussion about the possibilities of building a model of a typical form of defensive structures in the early and high medieval period and to ask questions about the cause of observed similarities and differences. Despite limitations of the method and the poor level of archaeological recognition of many objects, it seems that correlations between the form and profile of fortifications and their chronology is clearly visible.
Źródło:
Architectus; 2019, 1 (57); 21-37
1429-7507
2084-5227
Pojawia się w:
Architectus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcja i rola wysp jeziornych wedle przekazów pisanych dotyczących środkowoeuropejskich Słowian i Bałtów we wczesnym średniowieczu
The function and role of lake isles as described in sources on central european Slavs and the Balts in the early middle ages
Autorzy:
Tietz, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15809741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
isles
lakes
strongholds
settlement
pagan temples
bridges
Opis:
The text revolves around the use of lake isles by Western Slavs and Western Balts in the North European Plain in the early Middle Ages. The main goal of this article is to collect, discuss and analyse early medieval written sources that provide information about the locations’ forms and functions among old communities. This process has resulted in a picture of the various uses of isles by Slavs (and, to a small extent, by the Balts) which may serve as the starting point for an analysis of archaeological sources.
Źródło:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2022, 63; 277-311
0080-9993
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura grodowa w drugiej połowie XI wieku : czy lata 30. XI wieku wyznaczają przełom dla funkcjonowania organizacji grodowej w Polsce?
The stronghold structure in the second half of the 11th c. Do the 1030s represent a breakthrough in the functioning of the stronghold structure in Poland?
Autorzy:
Danielewski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
stronghold structure
breakthrough
strongholds
organizacja grodowa
przełom
grody
Opis:
The paper explores the issue of the 1030s, significant for, inter alia, the Polish medieval studies. It centres, in essence, on the verification of the view that the examined period can actually be deemed to have been a breakthrough in the functioning of the stronghold structure within the Piast state. Furthermore, the article addresses the question whether, in the second half of the eleventh century, the network of strongholds stood at variance with the one prevailing during the reign of Mieszko I and Boleslaw I the Brave. A political history of the 1030s, discussed on the basis of extant written sources, e.g., Gallus Anonymus, Cosmas of Prague, Tale of Bygone Years and Annales Hildesheimenses provides the starting point for analyses, most valuable for the discussion being pieces of information appertaining to the invasion of Bretislaus I and subsequent expeditions of Yaroslav the Wise into the Piast lands. Records relating to these events reveal that some strongholds were destroyed (Poznań, Gniezno), other abandoned (Giecz) or lost (Belz, Red Cities). Next, the author refers to the studies of some historians and archaeologists regarding the problem of the 1030s and the purported breakthrough in the functioning of the stronghold structure. The first research questions relating to this issue is whether the medievalists have source material (other than written) at their disposal that would enables them to determine what other strongholds, besides the ones cited above, were destroyed in the 1030s. Another question relates to the erection of new strongholds in the second half of the eleventh and in the twelfth century. It is interesting to find out whether the construction of these strongholds somehow ensued from the disaster of the 1030s. The answer to these questions necessitates the consideration of various methods of dating the relics of strongholds along with their reliability, which is particularly important in the context of hypotheses advanced by archaeologists. A large group of strongholds is believed to have ceased to function in the 1030s, as purportedly attested by results of archaeological research and dating. The author nonetheless demonstrates that establishing the chronology of strongholds by dint of pottery within one decade and with respect to the 1030s is unmanageable and draws the reader’s attention to the weaknesses of chronology based on dendrochronological, radiocarbon and AMS methods. The image of the 1030s catastrophe ought to be referred to the strongholds of Wielkopolska, inasmuch as they are mentioned in written sources. Finally, the author attempts to verify if there were other principal Piast strongholds within the then Piast domain, which were partially or completely destroyed throughout this period. Here, he refers to the results of the excavations carried out on the relics of strongholds in Kruszwica (Kujawy), Płock (Mazovia), Przemyśl (the Sandomierz Region), Kraków (Małopolska) and Wrocław (Silesia). The results of the analyses have revealed that the vast majority of these structures did not fall into destruction circa mid-eleventh century. To conclude, in view of the fact that several most important strongholds in the Piast state continued their existence, whilst key strongholds of Wielkopolska, their damage notwithstanding, were rebuilt, the 1030s should not be referred to as a breakthrough period in the functioning of the stronghold structure.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2014, 2(7); 130-155
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Domniemane grodzisko łużyckie w Prusinowie, gmina Gryfice, stanowisko 3 (AZP 19-11/52)
Supposed Lusatian stronghold at Prusinowo 3, Gryfice commune (AZP 19-11/52)
Autorzy:
Janowski, Andrzej
Ignaczewska, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-23
Wydawca:
Muzeum Narodowe w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Pomorze
Prusinowo
epoka brązu
okres halsztacki
grodziska
Pomerania
Bronze Age
Hallstatt period
strongholds
Opis:
The article presents results of the research undertaken in 2016 at a site in Prusinowo near Gryfice. The site was previously thought to be an early medieval fortified settlement. The results of the latest research indicate that it could be dated to the turn of the Bronze Age and Hallstatt period. The site is surrounded with a destroyed rampart and a shallow ditch (moat?) from the south and east, which suggest that originally a fortified settlement existed in this place. The unusual course of the fortifications, however, does not preclude a possibility of their modern origin.
Źródło:
Materiały Zachodniopomorskie; 2019, 15; 381-394
0076-5236
Pojawia się w:
Materiały Zachodniopomorskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Centralne funkcje grodów w społeczeństwach wczesnośredniowiecznych
Autorzy:
Urbańczyk, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1891122.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
grody
wczesne średniowiecze
Polska
Europa Środkowa
strongholds
Early Middle Ages
Polska
Central Europe
Opis:
Early medieval strongholds had various functions – e.g. symbolic, geopolitical, political-administrative and administrative-fiscal. Great majority were built after the mid 9th century. In the 2nd quarter of the 10th c. a network of strongholds indicates the nascent Piast state.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2019, 2 (21); 11-29
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The realm of Mieszko I. Contribution to the study on fortified settlements
Autorzy:
Danielewski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2054602.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
strongholds
the realm of Mieszko I
Gniezno
Grzybowo
Poznań
grody
władztwo Mieszka I
Opis:
The paper discusses the organisation of the realm of Mieszko I based on a network of strongholds. It seeks to examine the functions of fortified settlements and Mieszko’s engagement in the construction of strongholds.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2016, 2(11); 11-28
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Größe, Anlageformen, Befestigungsarchitektur und Innenflächenbebauung der frühen slawischen Burgen im südlichen Hinterland der Ostsee
Autorzy:
Kieseler, Andreas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Early Middle Ages
North-Western Slavs
early Slavic strongholds
rampart construction types and building structures
Opis:
Owing to dendrochronological data and archaeological finds, more than 150 strongholds from the southern coastal area of the Baltic Sea between the Lower Elbe and the Lower Vistula, can be identified as the oldest large-scale “fortification horizon” in the North-Western Slavic territories. They developed as early as in the 8th and 9th centuries. Generally, the strongholds are regarded seats of tribal elites. Owing to the rapid development of the local economy and contacts with the neighbouring cultural zones, particularly the Frankish Empire and Scandinavia (ports of trade), the strongholds evolved relatively early in the North-Western Slavic territories. This article focuses on the different aspects of the strongholds’ operations: spreading, location, layout, size, construction types, and building structures, in order to present in detail the architectural specifics of the imposing, strongly fortified ramparts. On the basis of archaeological research, the author highlights the erection of the sector fortifications and the joiningpalisade-like constructions, along with a variety of construction types and materials used. The regional differences in size and the historical-cultural background of these strongholds are also discussed.
Źródło:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2019, 60; 35-73
0080-9993
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proces formowania się państwa Piastów
Autorzy:
Kóčka-Krenz, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Mieszko I
Bolesław Chrobry (the Brave)
central strongholds
Piast Dynasty
early state
early Middle Ages
Opis:
The paper presents a question of the Piast state formation based on the changes in the network of settlements, in particular the strongholds. The results of archaeological research, enriched by studies performed by historians, show that the processes of forming the Piast state took a relatively short time and it did not entail a period of competition between local tribal leaders. Its character was revolutionary, which determines the uniqueness of the processes occurring in the Polish lands over a thousand years ago. 
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2015, 20; 205-218
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Were strongholds church centres in the tenth-and eleventh-century Piast realm?
Autorzy:
Danielewski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
grody
centra kościelne
Kujawy
groby popielnicowe
cmentarzyska szkieletowe
strongholds
church centres
cremation burials
inhumation cemeteries
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to review the idea of strongholds as church centres, put forward by Tadeusz Lalik in 1967. The paper also seeks to determine how advanced was the process of the Christianisation of the Polish lands in the second half of the tenth and throughout the eleventh centuries.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2017, 1 (12); 13-35
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grody „plemienne” i „wczesnopaństwowe” na Mazowszu (IX–XI w.). Stan badań, problematyka i możliwości interpretacji
„Tribal” and “early State” strongholds in Mazovia (9th–11th c.). State of the art, research questions and interpretive possibilities
Autorzy:
Trzeciecki, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
strongholds
Mazovia
Early Middle Ages
state of the art
grody
Mazowsze
wczesne średniowiecze
stan badań
Opis:
The following text is dedicated to early medieval strongholds built in Mazovia between the end of the 9th and the end of the 11th c. At least 39 sites can be dated to that period, among them 14 were built in the so-called “tribal” period, while the other ones are associated with the early Piast state structures. One should emphasize the small number of “tribal” strong¬holds and their concentration to the north of the middle Vistula river. The standardized form of the oldest fortifications refers directly to the so-called Tornow type. Apparently, the first strongholds associated with the expansion of the early Piast state appeared at the end of the 10th c. in the western Mazovia and the main building activity was limited to that area until the end of the 11th c. Noteworthy, at least up to the mid-11th c. both “tribal” and early-state strongholds existed near to each other.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2018, 2 (17); 42-67
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historical Cultural Spaces – Adaptation and Functioning. The Case of the Museum of the First Piasts at Lednica
Autorzy:
Tabaka, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/960041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
Early Middle Age
strongholds of the early Piast dynasty
stone architecture
baptism of Mieszko I
ethnographic park
Opis:
Interest in Ostrów Lednicki started in the mid-19th century. In 1858–1874, information was gathered about its stone buildings, burials, rampart construction, bridges, and numerous other finds. On 12th March 1930, Ostrów Lednicki was entered into the Register of Historical Monuments. Today, a team of archaeologists working on the island discovers new data and processes the materials found (numerous monographs have been written about the discoveries). In 1982, a team for interdisciplinary studies on Ostrów Lednicki and its settlement complex was appointed. In 1989, the journal ‘Studia Lednickie’ (‘Lednica Studies’) was created, followed in 1991 by the publishing series entitled Biblioteka Studiów Lednickich (Library of Lednica Studies). In 1988, the Lednica Landscape Park was created with the view to protecting the monuments on the island and the landscape in the areas around Lake Lednica. New branches and specialist laboratories were established: the Greater Poland Ethnographic Park, the Giecz Early Piast Stronghold Archaeological Reserve, the Grzybowo Stronghold Archaeological Reserve, and the Archaeological Laboratory on Ostrów Radziński. The Museum organises exhibitions in Poland and abroad. It is also a scientific research institution, which popularises knowledge by publishing prospectuses, guides and brochures, producing films, offering museum lessons, and organising mass events.
Źródło:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2018, 13; 287-308
2084-4409
Pojawia się w:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Banganarti and Selib in 2011/2012 and 2013
Autorzy:
Żurawski, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1728005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Banganarti
Selib
Soniyat
church/temple/palace
Meroitic settlement
Kushite
Makurian strongholds
Third/Fifth cataract
restoration and reconstruction
Opis:
In the course of two seasons in 2012 and 2013 the team carried out excavations and research on the living quarters alongside the fortifications of Banganarti, including a large building (E.1) and eastern tower. Work on the restoration/conservation of the Upper Church progressed according to plan, combined with limited iconographic studies. The team also worked at the sites of Selib and Soniyat. At Selib explorations continued at three locations. The phasing of the church at Selib 1 was established (separate report by A. Cedro), leading to a reconstruction of the plan of the earliest two buildings. A Meroitic(?) structure was investigated at Selib 3 and the Meroitic settlement at Selib 2 continued to be investigated (separate report by R. Hajduga and K. Solarska). A tachymetric plan and magnetic map of the environs of the Kushite temple at Soniyat was accomplished, recording a huge building (palace?) of apparently Kushite date (Napatan ceramic forms and Egyptian imports dating from the Third Intermediate Period) to the north of the temple. A separate team undertook a reconnaissance in regions scheduled to be flooded due to new dam construction projects in Kajbar and Shereik (Third and Fifth cataracts), staying on to record in detail a number of Makurian fortresses.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2015, 24(1); 369-388
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grody jako instytucje władzy w monarchii wczesnopiastowskiej (w źródłach pisanych)
Strongholds as power institutions in the early-Piast monarchy (in written sources)
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Franciszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
strongholds
Polska
history
monarchy
10th–12th c. AD
grody
Polska
historia
monarchia
10–12 w.
Opis:
Paper summarizes selected source information concerning strongholds as power institutions of Polish monarchy in 10th–12th c. AD: forged foundation diploma for Mogilno Benedic¬tine abbey (with date 1065), papal bullae for Gniezno, Włocławek, Wrocław and Kraków dioceses, and relevant fragments of Gallus Anonymus and Magister Vincentius chronicles. Author considers the power system in the 10th–12th centuries’ Poland as a concise of rela¬tionships between rulers and commoners, based on the legal status of social groups as milites and peasants, and territorial governance located in strongholds (with fiscal, military and supposedly judicial competences).
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2018, 2 (17); 122-155
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Omnes viae Albam ducunt. Z badań nad pograniczem pomorsko-wielkopolskim we wczesnym średniowieczu
Autorzy:
Chudziak, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038137.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-02-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
borderland between Pomerania and Wielkopolska
West Pomerania Lakeland
settlement
early Middle Ages
strongholds
islands
bridges
treasures
routes
exchange
trade
Opis:
The article touches upon the emergence of settlement structures in the West Pomerania Lakeland including the upper estuary of the Rega and the Parsęta as well as the Drawa and the Gwda, frequently referred to as the borderland between Pomerania and Wielkopolska. An attempt was made to assign periods to settlement developments with respect to the emergence of the borderland. Special emphasis was placed on central locations like strongholds and some islands as well as far-reaching routes leading to Białogard (Alba in Latin).
Źródło:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2018, 59; 197-222
0080-9993
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grody centralne w kontekście pierwotnego patrymonium Piastów
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1891121.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
patrymonium
grody centralne
kult i rytuał
funkcje grodów
monarchia
wczesnopiastowska
patrimony
the central strongholds
the cult and ritual
functions of stronghold
the early Piast’ monarchy
Opis:
The main aim of the article is to show the role of the most important strongholds of the early Piast’ monarchy in the process of creation of their patrimony. Special emphasis is put on the character of these strongholds within cult sphere and on the meaning of the ritual places.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2019, 2 (21); 30-41
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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