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Tytuł:
L’absence qui devient présence : la vie et l’Idée dans Sixtine de Remy de Gourmont
Absence Which Becomes Presence: Life and Idea in Sixtine by Remy de Gourmont
Autorzy:
Sadkowska-Fidala, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Wydawnictwo Werset
Tematy:
idea
symbolism
love
sterility
art
Opis:
Sixtine by Remy de Gourmont marks the refusal of nature and tangible reality and the choice of imagination to the detriment of reality. Its principal character, Hubert d’Entragues is a faithful disciple of idealism of symbolism. Since he chooses to think rather that to live, it is not surprising that the plot of the novel is almost nonexistent. The plot develops around of d’Entragues’ desire to win the beautiful Sixtine, which is in itself condemned to failure since he is doing nothing to reach her and refuses to take any effort. The woman, who could have served as the principal impulse of the plot, is practically inexistent in this story (though it is a passionate story) and is replaced by the ideal woman: the story is doubled by the second story, e.g. a novel written by the character which is a transposition of his “cerebral” relation with Sixtine and a realisation of presence of the latter. Art replaces life and life does not exist in itself. It is shaped by thought. But the chosen absence of any facts of life is fruitful: it gives birth to a novel. It is a story of a prisoner in love with the statute of the Virgin which he sees while taking a daily walk. In this novel the carnal accomplishment is not necessary in order for a true and sincere passion to develop and the satisfaction of desire may destroy the dream and the ideal.
Źródło:
Quêtes littéraires; 2011, 1; 32-38
2084-8099
2657-487X
Pojawia się w:
Quêtes littéraires
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inheritance of fertility restoration in winter triticale with cytoplasm of Triricum timopheevi
Dziedziczenie przywracania męskiej płodności u pszenżyta ozimego z cytoplazmą Triricum timopheevi
Autorzy:
Goral, H.
Stojalowski, S.
Tyrka, M.
Wedzony, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/82572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
inheritance
fertility restoration
winter triticale
triticale
cytoplasm
Triricum timopheevi
male
sterility
male sterility
crossing
inbred line
gene
Źródło:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica; 2010, 13
2081-1284
Pojawia się w:
Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gamma irradiation used on adult Tetranychus urticae Koch as a quarantine treatment
Autorzy:
Osouli, S.
Nejad, K.H.I.
Ziaie, F.
Moghaddam, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
gamma-irradiation
adult
Tetranychus urticae
quarantine treatment
sterility
Opis:
The effect of gamma radiation with 0, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, and 450 Gy intensities on the longevity, total number of eggs, and the percent of hatched eggs laid by irradiated females of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae) was evaluated. Two different groups (0–24 h old and 48–72 h old) of adult females were irradiated. The results showed that 350 and 300 Gy doses significantly reduced the longevity of the 0–24 h old females and the 48–72 h old females. The younger females were more tolerant at lower dose rates than the older females. There was a quadratic relationship between dose rates and young females, while it was linear in older females. The total number of eggs laid by females of both ages was significantly reduced with a linear trend by 250 Gy irradiation. The eggs laid by females of both the 0–24 h olds and the 48–72 h olds lost their hatchability when the dose rate was 350 Gy. It was concluded, that applying a dose rate of 320 Gy on one of the mates (male or female) before mating, or a 300 Gy on both of them, would be sufficient to cause sterility in adult mites.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variability in Expression of Male Fertility in Triticale (Xtriticosecale Wittmack) With Triticum Timopheevi Cytoplasm
Autorzy:
Góral, Halina
Tyrka, Mirosław
Stojałowski, Stefan
Wędzony, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
anther development
male sterility assessment
triticale
Triticum timopheevi cytoplasm
Opis:
We present a reliable, visual method for evaluation of the level of male fertility during flowering, that is indispensable for breeding of hybrid cultivars of winter triticale based on the cms-T.timopheevi system. Detailed observations of anther development were performed on 20 F2 and BC1 plants derived from crosses between male-sterile and fertility restoring lines. Variation of anther development within florets, spikelets, spikes, and among spikes of the same plant was examined...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2009, 60; 23-30
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hybrids of Trifolium pratense L. [2n - 14 plus 2] with T. diffusum Ehrh. [2n - 16] and other 16-chromosome Trifolium species
Autorzy:
Strzyzewska, C
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048130.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Trifolium diffusum
Trifolium pratense
hybrid
interspecific hybrid
sterility
meiosis
Opis:
16-chromosome forms of red clover (2n=14+2) were crossed to six Trifolium species with the chromosome number 2n=16. Hybrid plants were derived from the cross of a stable 16-chromosome red clover T. pratense with T. diffusum (2n=16). No seeds were obtained from reciprocal crosses. F₁ hybrid plants were morphologically more similar to T. diffusum, whereas their other characters, e.g. flower number per head, were intermediate between the species crossed. All F₁ hybrids had the chromosome number 2n=16. Meiosis proceeded with large irregularities. The average number of bivalents per cell was 3.32, and that of univalents - 9.98. Univalents exhibited a high stickiness and frequently formed "end-to-end" configurations and chains consisting of about a dozen of so chromosomes. Bivalents were straight. Lagging chromosomes and chromosome bridges were observed during AI; lagging chromosomes were also found during AII. After an equalizing division, tetrads and different from them microspore polyads were formed. 16-chromosome hybrids were male- and female-sterile. No hybrids were obtained from the stable 16-chromosome red clover T. pratense (n=7 chromosomes) crossed to the selected clover species (T. apertum Bobr., T. alexandrinum L. and others) with n=8 chromosomes.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1995, 36, 1; 35-42
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Differences in editing of mitochondrial nad3 transcripts from CMS and fertile carrots.
Autorzy:
Rurek, Michał
Szklarczyk, Marek
Adamczyk, Natalia
Michalik, Barbara
Augustyniak, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
cytoplasmic male sterility
Daucus carota
RNA editing
nad3 gene
Opis:
A high level of the nucleotide sequence conservation was found for mitochondrial nad3 gene of carrot. Three silent nucleotide substitutions differentiate nad3 open reading frames from cytoplasmic male sterile and male fertile carrots. All these differences are preserved on the RNA level. Partial and silent editing also distinguished both carrots. Three of the C to U conversions were specific to the fertile line. In the two examined carrot lines editing did not affect the mode of alteration of encoded amino acids.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2001, 48, 3; 711-717
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Male fertility restoration of rye crosses in the pampa cytoplasm.
Autorzy:
Kolasiñska, Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003-06-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
hybrid breeding
male sterility
restoration of male fertility
winter rye
Opis:
Male fertility restoration of F1 crosses between male sterile lines (P lines) and restorers (R) was studied in 2000. Pollen fertility of 50 F1 crosses derived by crossing 10 P lines to 5 restorers was estimated. The degree of male sterility/fertility was assessed by visual anther score of single plants on a 1-9 scale, restorer indices and visual pollen shedding scores of plots on a 1-9 scale. @Abstract = Coefficients of correlation between the above fertility traits were calculated. The analysis of variance showed that the degree of male fertility of F1 crosses strongly depends on a restorer genotype, a P line genotype as well as on the P ´ R interaction. The restorer and P line genotypes were a major source of variation.A considerable range of pollen fertility was evident in the single crosses. The mean restorer index of F1 crosses ranged from 3,4 to 98,7%. The P lines under study were divided into three groups on the basis of mean restorer indices of their crosses with five restorers: easy, medium and difficult to restore. All the restorers tested, provide a sufficient restoration of male fertility of the F1 crosses with majority of the P lines. The new restorer, 330 R appeared to be more effective in restoration of pollen fertility than the other currently used lines
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2003, 47; 33-37
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetics of a male-sterile rye of 'G-type' with results of the first F1 –hybrids.
Autorzy:
Gi., Melz
Melz, Gu.
Hartmann, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003-06-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
rye
male-sterility
inheritance
ergot
powdery mildew
F1-hybrids
Opis:
Male-sterile plants of G-type were found in rye cv. Schlagler alt. The major recessive gene controlling this male-sterility is allelic with male-sterility genes of the C- and R-types. The genetic system of the Pampa-type is completely different; it is controlled by dominant gene(s) and mt-DNA showed different restriction fragment patterns. The major gene of G-type msl(Rfgl) is located on chromosome arm 4RL; the sites of the minor genes ms2 and ms3 were found on chromosomes 3R and 6R. Hybrids produced by crossing malesteriles of G-type with inbred lines have normal pollination and, are therefore less sensitive to ergot, like population rye. In 2000 the mslnr-system of G-type rye was registered as "Guelzowerl". Male-sterile plants of "Guelzowerl" were used to produce the rye hybrid cultivar "Novus", which was also registered in 2000. "Novus" is the first rye hybrid cultivar with resistance to powdery mildew.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2003, 47; 47-55
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study for effects of chemical mutagenesis on seed germination, survivability and pollen sterility in M1 and M2 generations of Dianthus
Autorzy:
Roychowdhury, Rajib
Alam, Molla Jaunatul Ferdousul
Bishnu, Sunanda
Dalal, Tinkari
Tah, Jagatpati
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-04-19
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
chemical mutagen
Dianthus caryophyllus
mutant generation
pollen sterility
seed germination
Opis:
Chemical mutagenesis is an efficient tool used in mutation breeding programme for improving various vital characteristics in floricultural crop, like Dianthus. In this study, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and colchicine (COL) with three different concentrations (0.1%, 0.4% and 0.7%) were used to analyse their effect on seed germination behaviour, survivability and pollen sterility in both first (M1) and second (M2) mutant generations. It was noted that increase in the dose of EMS and SA, germination percentage and survivability were decreased; whereas colchicine doses were proportional to increase germination percentage at seedling stage, but they were not survived till maturity. In M1 and M2, higher lethality over control (44.3 and 32.89, respectively) was shown by 0.7% of SA and EMS, respectively. Pollen sterility was also increased with increasing mutagenic doses. The maximum pollen sterility was 71.8% and 61.1% for 0.7% COL in M1 and M2, respectively. So, the effect of chemical mutagenesis on biological parameters with SA (0.7%) treatment in M1 and EMS (0.7%) treatment in M2 were much more beneficial as compared to colchicine. For each studied parameter, chemical mutagenesis was higher in M1 than M2. Hence, for the first time in Dianthus, we reported that these mutagens can be used for improving the germination behaviour and the metrical traits in Dianthus cultivar.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2012, 65; 29-38
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An appraisal in pollen biology and fruit set of some ethnomedicinal angiosperms in Darjeeling Himalaya
Autorzy:
Bhattacharya, Ashoke
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1062971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Ethnomedicinal angiosperms
fruit set
pollen production
pollen sterility
pollen viability
stigma receptivity
Opis:
The present paper deals with pollen biology in terms of pollen productivity, pollen sterility and pollen viability in the context of fruit set of eight selected ethnomedicinally important angiospermic taxa like Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. (Ranunculaceae); Aeschynanthus sikkimensis (Cl.) Stapf. (Gesneriaceae); Curcuma zeodaria Rosc. (Zingiberaceae); Nardostachys jatamansi DC. (Valerianaceae); Panax pseudoginseng Wall. (Araliaceae); Swertia pedicillata Ban. (Gentianaceae); Thalictrum foliolosum DC. (Ranunculaceae) and Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum Edgew. (Rutaceae) growing in the vicinity of Darjeeling Himalaya. Among the investigated taxa, pollen productivity, sterility and viability were highest in Curcuma zeodaria and lowest in Swertia pedicillata. The variability and positive correlation of log values between pollen production, sterility, viability and fruit set of selected taxa were noticed. From present finding it is concluded that the pollen biology in terms of productivity, sterility, viability and fruit set showed significant variation and correlation with each other among different selected taxa and even within same taxon. The results are discussed in terms of evolutionary relationship and sexual fitness of selected ethnomedicinal plants.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 124, 2; 193-203
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of cultivation factors on embryogenesis in isolated microspore culture of carrot (Daucus carota L.)
Autorzy:
Voronina, Anastasia V.
Vishnyakova, Anastasiia V.
Monakhos, Sokrat G.
Monakhos, Grigory F.
Ushanov, Alexander A.
Mironov, Aleksey A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
carrot
Daucus carota L.
doubled haploids
embryogenesis
isolated microspore culture
male sterility
Opis:
Using doubled haploid technologies inbreeding can significantly reduce the time to obtain homozygous parental lines required for the production of F1-hybrid of vegetable crops. This study aims to investigate the influence of factors on the efficiency of carrot embryogenesis in isolated microspore culture to optimise the elements of protocol for producing doubled haploids. Microspores were isolated from inflorescences of 21 genotypes and incubated in NLN13 medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·dm-3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acids, 0.1 mg·dm-3 1-naphthyl acetic acids, 130 g·dm-3 sucrose, and 400 mg·dm-3 casein hydrolysate and its modifications. Embryoids and their groups were formed after 2–6 months, in some cases after 12 months of cultivation. Depending on the variant, the embryogenesis efficiency averaged from 0 to 4.9 embryoids or groups of embryoids per Petri dish (10 cm3). Embryoids within the group were formed from different microspores. No significant effects of inflorescence position on the plant (branching order), sucrose, and casein hydrolysate concentration in the medium were observed. Significant advantages (p ≥ 0.05) for some genotypes were shown: 1) microspore suspension density 4·104 cells·cm-3 (5.0 embryoids per Petri dish were formed at a microspore suspension density of 4·104 cells·cm-3, 0.0 embryoids per Petri dish at a density of 8·104 cells·cm-3); 2) cultivating microspores of tetrad and early mononuclear stage (4.9 ±3.1 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing tetrads and early mononuclear microspores, while 0.6 ±0.7 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing of later developmental stages); 3) high-temperature treatment duration of five days (4.9 ±2.1 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained after five days of high-temperature treatment, 2.7 ±2.6 embryoids per Petri dish formed after two days of high-temperature treatment; 9.8 ±4.7, 10.1 ±6.1, 0.0 ±0.0 embryoids per Petri dish formed after two, five and eight days of high-temperature treatment respectively); 4) adding colchicine 0.5 mg·dm-3 to the nutrient medium for two days of high-temperature treatment, followed by medium replacement (3.3 ±2.6 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by using a nutrient medium with colchicine, while 1.7 ±1.5 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing in the reference variant).
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 55; 125--128
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quality analysis of seeds of Cupressus Linn. species for seed testing and plus tree selection
Autorzy:
Sahai, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
germplasm
Cupressus
Cupressaceae
tree selection
sterility
endosperm
seed testing
embryo
quality analysis
seed
Opis:
Cupressus Linn., commonly known as ‘cypress', belongs to the family Cupressaceae. It consists of 20 species with a wide and discontinuous distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. In the present study, three species, namely C. torulosa Don., C. arizonica Greene and C. glabra Sudw., growing in the western Himalayan region of India at an altitude of 1760 m. have been studied. This is a preliminary attempt where embryology is used in estimating seed quality and in seed testing. Seed quality was analysed according to five (0-IV) seed classes based on the presence of the embryo and endosperm and their nature of development in the seed-cutting test. Seeds having neither embryo nor endosperm belong to class ‘0'. In class ‘I' seeds contain the endosperm but a shrivelled embryo or sometimes no embryo. Class ‘II' contains seeds with an embryo of half-length of the embryo cavity and class ‘III' seeds containing an embryo of at least three-quarter length of the embryo cavity. Seeds with completely developed full embryo were assigned to class ‘IV'. However a high percentage of seeds of classes 0-III present in seed lots from particular trees of a species decrease the quality of seeds. Similarly a high percentage of seeds of class ‘IV' improves the seed quality of a given tree selected as plus tree for germplasm collection.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2002, 47 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rys historyczny badań nad cytoplazmatyczno-genową męską sterylnością w kukurydzy (Zea mays L.)
Historical outline of research on cytoplasmic-genic male sterility in maize (Zea mays L.)
Autorzy:
Żurek, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
cytoplazmatyczno-genowa męska sterylność
CGMS
Helmintosporium maydis race-T
cytoplasmic-gene male sterility
Opis:
Badania nad zjawiskiem męskiej sterylności w kukurydzy rozpoczęły się w latach 30tych ubiegłego wieku. Od tamtego czasu odnotowano w tej materii wiele osiągnięć, które umożliwiły wytworzenie funkcjonalnego systemu CGMS, z powodzeniem wykorzystywanego w produkcji nasiennej odmian mieszańcowych kukurydzy. W historii badań nad tym zjawiskiem spotykamy również przykłady spektakularnych błędów, wynikających z nadmiernej uniformizacji genetycznej źródeł męskiej sterylności, wykorzystywanych na szeroką skalę w produkcji nasiennej. Niniejsza praca stanowi przegląd historycznych oraz aktualnych doniesień literaturowych dotyczących badań nad cytoplazmatyczno-genową męską sterylnością w kukurydzy.
Research on the phenomenon of male sterility in maize began in the 1930s. Since then, there have been many achievements in this matter, which have enabled the creation of a functional CGMS system, successfully used in the seed production of hybrid maize varieties. In the history of research on this phenomenon, we also encounter examples of spectacular errors resulting from excessive genetic uniformity of sources of male sterility, used on a large scale in seed production. This paper is a review of historical and current literature reports on studies on cytoplasmic-gene male sterility in maize.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2022, 297/298; 45-50
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of male sterile broccoli lines with Raphanus sativus cytoplasm and assessment of their value for breeding purposes
Autorzy:
Kaminski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Ogrodnictwa
Tematy:
broccoli
Brassica oleracea
cytoplasmic male sterility
morphological trait
self-compatibility
breeding
hybrid
male-sterile line
Źródło:
Journal of Horticultural Research; 2013, 21, 2
2300-5009
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Horticultural Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zróżnicowanie reakcji odpornościowej na wirus Y ziemniaka wśród alloplazmatycznych form tytoniu
Diversification of defense response to potato virus Y among alloplasmic tobacco forms
Autorzy:
Czubacka, Anna
Depta, Anna
Doroszewska, Teresa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
cytoplasmic male sterility
alloplasmic form
Potato virus Y
tobacco
Nicotiana
cytoplazmatyczna męska sterylność
forma alloplazmatyczna
tytoń
Opis:
Cytoplazmatyczna męska sterylność (cms) jest wykorzystywana w hodowli roślin w celu otrzymania form niezdolnych do samozapylenia, które wykorzystuje się głównie w hodowli odmian mieszańcowych F1. Cytoplazmatycznie męskosterylne rośliny otrzymuje się w wyniku mutacji w genomie cytoplazmatycznym przez podstawienie w miejsce natywnej cytoplazmy innej cytoplazmy pochodzącej z odmiennego gatunku lub krzyżowanie w obrębie gatunku. U podstaw cms leży niezgodność pomiędzy genomem jądra komórkowego i cytoplazmą. Alloplazmatyczne formy wykształcają zmodyfikowane, niefunkcjonalne męskie organy generatywne lub nie wykształcają ich wcale. Przy tym zmiany morfologiczne mogą obejmować także inne części kwiatu, a niekiedy całą roślinę. Obecność obcej cytoplazmy może wpływać też na inne cechy, w tym na odporność roślin na patogeny. Aby określić wpływ obcej cytoplazmy na odporność tytoniu na wirus Y ziemniaka (PVY), wykonano sztuczne inokulacje tytoniu dwoma izolatami PVY o różnej wirulencji. Testom poddano 13 izogenicznych form cytoplazmatycznie męskosterylnych odmiany Zamojska 4 z cytoplazmą pochodzącą od dzikich gatunków z rodzaju Nicotiana, a także formę z cytoplazmą cms mutanta otrzymanego w obrębie gatunku N. tabacum. Odporność roślin oceniano na podstawie objawów chorobowych oraz wyników testu immunoenzymatycznego DAS-ELISA. Zaobserwowano różnice zarówno w nasileniu objawów chorobowych, jak i w terminie ich wystąpienia od momentu zakażenia roślin. Zróżnicowanie badanych form alloplazmatycznych pod względem odpowiedzi na infekcję wirusową pozwala przypuszczać, że mechanizmy odporności na PVY mogą być związane z określoną formą cytoplazmy.
Cytoplasmic male sterility is used in plant breeding to obtainforms incapable of self-pollination, which are utilized mainlyin breeding of hybrid cultivars. It is based on incompatibilitybetween the cell nucleus and cytoplasm because cytoplasmicmale sterile plants are obtained by mutation in the cytoplasmicgenome or by substitution of the native cytoplasm with anotherthat of a different species. Alloplasmic forms develop modified,non-functional male generative organs or do not develop themat all. Morphological changes may involve other parts of flowersand sometimes a whole plant. An alien cytoplasm may alsoaffect other traits, including resistance to pathogens. In order todetermine the effect of alien cytoplasm on tobacco resistance toPotato virus Y (PVY), artificial inoculations with two virus isolatesdiffering in virulence were performed. The test included13 alloplasmic forms of cultivar Zamojska 4 with cytoplasmfrom Nicotiana wild species and a form with cytoplasm fromthe mutant obtained within Nicotiana tabacum. Plant resistancewas assessed on the basis of disease symptoms and DAS-ELISAimmunoenzymatic test results. Differences were observed inthe severity and earliness of disease symptoms. Fertile cultivarZamojska 4 is considered as tolerant to PVY, that is it reacts toinfection with mild symptoms like vein clearing and chloroticspots of the leaves, but not with vein necrosis. In the case ofa combination of cell nucleus from cv. Zamojska 4 and cytoplasmfrom species N. goodspeedii, N. megalosiphon and N.undulata, alloplasmic forms were not completely resistant, butthe level of their tolerance to strong isolate IUNG20 increasedcompared to that in their male fertile isogenomic counterpartand observed symptoms were delayed. In contrast, tolerance ofcms forms with cytoplasm from the species N. eastii, N. occidentalisand N. suaveolens was overcome leading to developingsevere disease symptoms. Unlike the other cms forms, theform with the cytoplasm of N. tabacum mutant reacted witha development of necrotic symptoms to inoculation with isolateIUNG20, but with delayed mild symptoms when inoculatedwith the weaker isolate IUNG21. The diversified reaction ofdifferent isogenomic alloplasmic forms to viral infection suggeststhat the mechanisms of defense responses depended onthe type of cytoplasm.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2019, 39; 27-34
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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