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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    The PPARA gene polymorphism in team sports athletes
    Autorzy:
    Ahmetov, Ildus I.
    Egorova, Emiliya S.
    Mustafina, Leysan J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054633.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    PARA
    game performance
    gene polymorphism
    sport selection
    team sports
    Opis:
    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a transcription factor that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intron 7 C allele of the PPARA gene rs4253778 G/C polymorphism has an advantage for power-oriented athletes, presumably due to the hypertrophic effects on skeletal muscle and increase in glucose utilization in response to anaerobic exercise. The G allele, however, is said to be favorable for the endurance-oriented athletes. The metabolic demands of team sports involve aerobic and anaerobic energy pathways, as a result of the intermittent physical activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the PPARA gene polymorphism and team-sport athletic status. A total of 665 Russian athletes from 14 team sports and 1,706 controls were involved in the case-control study. We found that the frequency of the PPARA C allele was significantly higher in athletes compared to controls (20.5 vs. 16.4%, P = 0.0009), suggesting that anaerobic rather than aerobic metabolism may be crucial to the game performance in team sports. This means that our study indicates the association between the PPARA gene G/C polymorphism and team-sport athletic status. Although more replication studies are needed, the preliminary data suggest an opportunity to use the analysis of PPARA polymorphism, along with other gene variations and standard phenotypic assessment in team sports selection.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2013, 1, 1; 19-24
    2300-9705
    2353-2807
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of different types of surfaces on the results of running speed tests in young soccer players
    Autorzy:
    Jastrzębski, Zbigniew
    Bichowska, Marta
    Rompa, Paweł
    Radzimiński, Łukasz
    Dargiewicz, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1055148.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    Sprint tests
    exercise test
    football
    physical performance
    sport physiology
    Opis:
    The main purpose of this study was to determine the influence of different types of surfaces on the sprint test results. 33 male football players from two age categories - U15 and U18 - performed sprint tests (7 distances between 5 and 30m) and a 150m shuttle run test on three types of surfaces: natural grass [n], a synthetic surface [s] and a rubber surface [r]. The longer distance a player covers, the more likely it is that the importance of the type of running surface will be noticed. The rubber surface diminishes the negative effects of changeable factors on the reliability of the tests and therefore, in our opinion, is recommended for control tests and especially for longitudinal tests. Comparing the results of running speed tests performed on different surfaces and especially in different weather conditions is unjustified.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2014, 5, 1; 5-14
    2300-9705
    2353-2807
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dependence of Aerobic Performance of Athletes on Polymorphism of Genes
    Autorzy:
    Drozdovska, Svitlana B.
    Lysenko, Olena M.
    Dosenko, Victor E.
    Ilyin, Vladimir N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1055065.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    aerobic performance
    gene polymorphisms
    molecular-genetic markers
    sport selection
    Opis:
    The adaptation of an athlete to systematic physical exercise has been shown to be determined by a combination of great many genes. The aim of our study was to investigate the dependence of the aerobic capacity parameters in sport on the set of gene polymorphisms. Cardio-respiratory system (CRS) adaptation reactions to exercise of 72 endurance athletes were assessed using the gas analysis. The analysis of the obtained results has shown both single and combined effect of the gene polymorphisms on the aerobic capacity. The impact of 6 polymorphisms on the aerobic performance level was analyzed: Т–786→С polymorphism of the promoter of еNOS gene as well as АСЕ I/D polymorphism, Рго/Ala polymorphism of PPARG gene, G/C polymorphism of PPARA gene, Pro582Ser polymorphism of HIF1α gene, and Ala203Pro polymorphism of PPARGC1B. It was found that a single impact on the HRmax providing АСЕ I/D polymorphism. Individual influence of АСЕ gene accounts for 2% of this index dissipation. Results showed that there is a dependence between the amount the maximum volume of consumed oxygen (VO2max) from the set of gene polymorphisms. Cumulative impact of these polymorphisms in the combination with the individual parameters (gender; qualification; kind of sport) stipulates 71% of dispersion of VO2max value.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2015, 9, 1; 65-73
    2300-9705
    2353-2807
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wynagrodzenia a osiągnięcia sportowe na przykładzie koszykówki
    Salaries and Performance in Basketball
    Autorzy:
    Metelski, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/598559.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-10-15
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych
    Tematy:
    wynagrodzenia
    motywacja
    osiągnięcia sportowe zawodnika koszykówka
    sport
    salaries
    motivation
    athlete’s performance
    basketball
    Opis:
    Wybitni sportowcy otrzymują coraz wyższe wynagrodzenia, jednak rodzi się pytanie, czy wzrost wynagrodzeń wpływa na poprawę osiągnięć sportowych. Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy kwestii wzajemnej zależności zarobków i osiągnięć sportowych. W przeprowadzonym badaniu wzięli udział koszykarze występujący w najwyższej klasie rozgrywkowej w Polsce.
    Top athletes are receiving increasingly higher salaries. However, this begs the question: Do higher salaries raise sports performance levels? This article addresses the interdependence between salaries and sports achievements. The research is based on Polish top division basketball players.
    Źródło:
    Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi; 2015, 2015 5(106) ZZL w sporcie; 35-47
    1641-0874
    Pojawia się w:
    Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of reliability and concurrent validity of of two optoelectric systems used for recording maximum vertical jumping performance versus the gold standard
    Autorzy:
    Słomka, K. J.
    Sobota, G.
    Skowronek, T.
    Rzepko, M.
    Czarny, W.
    Juras, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307083.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    niezawodność
    sport
    skoki
    reliability
    counter movement jump
    motion capture
    sports performance
    optoelectric
    Opis:
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of two alternative systems used for jumping performance measurement. Methods: Two groups of subjects were tested. The first group consisted of 15 male adults (21.3 ± 1.7 years ) and the second group consisted of 16 female volleyball players (17.2 ± 0.9 years). We used three different systems of data collection in the study. Two of the used systems are based on optoelectric components. The Optojump Next system is referred to as the optoelectric system, and BTS Smart-E is refered to as the video system. Concurrent validity of these systems was verified with the use of “gold standard” which is force platform. All systems were used to estimate the height of vertical jumps. Results: Both optoelectric systems occurred to be highly reliable with the ICCs=0.98 for Optojump and 0.9 for BTS Smart. Their concurrent validity with the force platform data was also very high r=0.99 and r=0.97 respectively. Conclusions: Comparison of these two systems shows distinct differences between them where Optojump system is more suitable for quick and reliable sports testing, when BTS-Smart for research and clinical testing.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 2; 141-147
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Computational investigation of compression ratio and bore diameter influence on engine performance and knock intensity
    Autorzy:
    Gandyk, M.
    Haller, P.
    Jankowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    simulation
    combustion engines
    compression ratio
    motor sport
    engine performance
    knocks
    Opis:
    Processes of the combustion in combustion engines depend on cylinder bore and compression ratio. Compression ratio is a ratio of in-cylinder volume when piston is in bottom dead centre to volume when piston is in top dead centre. Theoretical engine efficiency is increasing together with compression ratio. However, in the real engine there are also other phenomena affecting the efficiency of the engine, which could results in lower performance of engine with higher compression ratio. This study presents knock intensity and performance gain in engine speed function of the 0D-1D engine model with different pistons set. Knock intensity is founded by implementing in combustion process knock sub-model based on Douaud and Eyzat induction time correlation using different pistons geometry. Examined engine model is air restricted Formula Student motorcycle engine. Mounted in intake system, air restrictor decreases knock intensity. Therefore, compression ratio could be increased. It was noticed that bigger bore diameter could reduce knock intensity. Researches realized that bigger bore size could cause performance drop at high rpm when flow is chocked. With changing of compression ratio, performance characteristic changes. Growing compression ratio decrease torque on low engine speed and increase on high engine speed. Further characteristic of the engine could be tuned by matching pistons with modified bore size and compression ratio.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 129-134
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Habitual subjective well-being and movement activity of female adolescents
    Subiektywne samopoczucie i aktywność ruchowa uczennic szkół średnich
    Autorzy:
    Brodani, J.
    Siska, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529294.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    physical activity life quality adolescent female movement activity high school joy sport performance questionnaire method
    aktywność fizyczna jakość życia młodzież ruch kobiecy aktywność gimnazjum radość sport wydajność kwestionariusz metoda
    Opis:
    Cel: W artykule prezentujemy wyniki analizy porównawczej i zależnościowej między aktyw-nością ruchową, przyjemnością z aktywności ruchowej a jakością życia u uczennic szkół średnich z różnym poziomem sportowym. Metody: W badaniu wzięły udział uczennice (n = 560) szkół średnich na Słowacji w wieku 16–19 lat. Jakość życia monitorowano za pomocą zmodyfikowanego kwestionariusza SQUALA, przyjemność z aktywności ruchowej za pomocą kwestionariusza PACES, a poziom aktywności fizycznej w tygodniu w godzinach (PA). Dane przedstawiono za pomocą charakterystyki opisowej (n, M, SD), a istotność statystyczną i zależności ocenia się metodami nieparametrycznymi (W, U, rs ) na poziomach istotności (p <, 20, p <, 10, p <, 05 i p <, 01). Wyniki: Wyniki analizy zależnościowej nie wykazały dużej liczby interakcji pomiędzy PA, PACES i SQUALA wśród uczennic szkół średnich. Interakcję pomiędzy PA, PACES albo SQUALA znajdujemy sporadycznie w grupach uczennic o różnych poziomach sportowych, przy czym w dużej mierze przeważają interakcje pozytywne. PA w tygodniu jest pozytywnie skorelo-wane z PACES (rs = 218, p <, 10) tylko dla registrowanych sportowców. Pozytywne oddziaływa-nie pomiędzy PACES i SQUALA znajduje się u najlepszych zawodniczek (materialne samopo-czucie p <, 10, edukacja p < 0,05, wolny czas p < 01), a u okazjonalnych zawodniczek (fizyczne samopoczucie P <, 20, psychospołeczne samopoczucie p <, 20, wygląd i własność rzeczy p <20). Wnioski: Wyniki potwierdzają znaczenie dobrowolnej i zorganizowanej aktywności fizycznej w życiu uczniów szkół średnich, którzy mają potencjał, aby podnieść poziom zadowolenia z ak-tywności fizycznej.
    Purpose: This paper presents the results of a comparative and dependency analysis between physical activity, joy of physical activity and quality of life in female high school students with different levels of sport performance. Methods: The survey was attended by (n = 560) 16–19 years old high-school students. The quality of life was monitored using the modified SQUALA questionnaire, the joy of physical activity using the PACES questionnaire and the level of physical activity during the week in hours (PA). The data are presented by means of descriptive characteristics (n, M, SD) and statistical significance and dependencies respectively are assessed using nonparametric methods (W, U, rs) on significance levels (p < ,10; p < ,05 and p < ,01). Results: The results of the dependency analysis did not show a large number of interactions between the PA, PACES and SQUALA among high-school female students. We found the interactions between the PA and PACES or SQUALA sporadically in groups of girls with the different levels of sports, where positive interactions predominated. PA in the week is positively correlated with PACES (rs = ,218, p < ,10) only in registered female athletes. Positive interactions between PACES and SQUALA can be found in top female athletes (material well-being p < ,10; education p < ,05; free time p < ,01) and in occasional female athletes (physical well-being p < ,20; psychosocial well-being p < ,20; appearance and ownership of things p < ,20). Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of voluntary and organized physical activity in the life of high-school students, who have the potential to increase the level of satisfaction with activity.The paper was published from the grant of the Ministry of Education KEGA 003 UKF-4/2016.
    Źródło:
    Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe; 2018, 1, 1; 81-91
    2545-3211
    Pojawia się w:
    Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    How genetic predispositions may have impact on injury and success in sport
    Autorzy:
    Czarnik-Kwaśniak, Justyna
    Kwaśniak, Konrad
    Tabarkiewicz, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454900.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
    Tematy:
    sport
    genetic predispositio
    endurance performance
    aerobic capacity
    injury
    Opis:
    Introduction. Studies investigating the determinants of physical endurance were initiated nearly 30 years ago. The research was inspired by the curiosity to find out about the nature of talent for sport and why some athletes are better than others, despite the same or even greater effort in training routine, diet and the supplementation. An attempt was therefore made to determine the genotype of a perfect athlete, but conducted research showed that it is a very difficult task. Although 140 genes were proposed to affect of ideal sportsman fitness, scientists are still far from formulating answers about the nature of physical abilities and genotype. Aim. Our main goal was to review the literature about the selected genes and polymorphisms which are most often investigated in the context in relation to injury in sports. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature from US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, PubMED, Google Scholar. Results. We review the selected genes and polymorphisms which are most often investigated in the context in relation to injury in sports, we also present the function of genetic variants prevalent in athletes which are able to achieve better physiological adaptation during the training. Conclusions. There are probably more than 140 genes involved in physical performance. Changes in even one nucleotide within the gene (SNP) can improve the body’s adaptation to better physical performance and the frequency of injury to athletes.
    Źródło:
    European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2018, 4; 366-375
    2544-2406
    2544-1361
    Pojawia się w:
    European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Profil umiejętności – narzędzie do pracy mentalnej w sporcie
    Performance profile – a tool for mental work in sport
    Autorzy:
    Wałach-Biśta, Zuzanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/465133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-03-28
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    profil umiejętności
    ocena
    psychologia sportu
    performance profile
    assessment
    sport psychology
    Opis:
    Butler i Hardy zaprezentowali profil umiejętności (ang. performance profile) jako narzędzie pomagające w zrozumieniu sportowców i ich postrzegania własnych umiejętności. Metoda ta, oparta na Teorii Konstruktów Osobistych (Kelly, 1955), ma przede wszystkim zwiększać samoświadomość zawodników w odniesieniu do ich przygotowania startowego, ale także pomagać trenerom w zrozumieniu sportowców. Po ponad 25 latach stosowania profilu umiejętności przez zarówno badaczy, jak i praktyków, narzędzie to okazało się metodą o znacznie szerszym zastosowaniu. W pracy zaprezentowano idee profilu umiejętności wraz z opisem oryginalnej instrukcji stosowanej przez Butlera i Hardy’ego. Przedstawiono podstawy teoretyczne tego narzędzia oraz ukazano jego wszechstronność poprzez wskazanie możliwości stosowania tej metody zarówno z zawodnikami, trenerami, jak i drużynami. Ponadto praca ukazuje potencjalne korzyści płynące z wykorzystania tego narzędzia w przygotowaniu sportowym poprzez prezentację dotychczasowych wyników badań z użyciem profilu.
    Butler and Hardy presented the performance profile as a tool that facilitates the understanding of athletes and their perception of their own performance. The method, based on the Personal Construct Theory, is aimed primarily at raising the self-awareness of players concerning their start preparation, but also at supporting coaches in understanding the players. During over 25 years of using the performance profile by both researches and practitioners, the range of applications of this tool turned out much wider. The article presents the ideas of the performance profile along with the description of the original instructions applied by Butler and Hardy. The paper describes its theoretical foundations and presents the versatility of the tool by pointing to the possibilities of its use with athletes, coaches, and teams. Moreover, it shows the potential benefits of applying this tool in sports preparation by presenting previous results of research using the profile. The conclusion of the paper contains a discussion of further possibilities of applying the tool in sports environment.
    Źródło:
    Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 60; 32-45
    0239-4375
    Pojawia się w:
    Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Relationship of maximal isometric torque produced in flexors and extensors rate to technique by judo athletes
    Autorzy:
    Sterkowicz, S.
    Lech, G.
    Sterkowicz-Przybycień, K.
    Chwała, W.
    Ambroży, T.
    Pałka, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307561.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    skład ciała
    biomechanika
    sport
    athletic performance
    body composition
    biomechanics
    martial arts
    Opis:
    Purpose: Development of strength is one of essential elements of motor preparation of judo athletes. The aim this study was to examine the influence of body composition and the joint torques on successful performance of various judo techniques. Methods: Twentyfive judo athletes participated in 175 judo bouts, which were video-recorded during the All-Polish competitions. Biomechanical classification of technical actions was used. The age and athletic experience of the subjects were 18 and 8.8 years, respectively. Their body height was 179.4 cm (Martin’s type anthropometer) and body mass was 80.3 kg (Sartorius F 1505 – DZA scales). Percentage of fat (10.6%) was estimated using skinfold result measurements. BMI (24.9 kgm–2), fat-free mass index (21.9 kgm–2) and fat mass index (3.0 kgm–2) were calculated. Maximum torques measured under static conditions were evaluated 2–3 days after the tournament. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were conducted ( p 0.05). Results: Balancing of maximum torques in the muscles of the pelvic and illiac regions caused more frequent performance of physical lever-type throwing techniques, compared to couple of force-type throwing techniques. A negative correlation was found between body fat and value of force recorded for knee flexors and between the frequency of using techniques during groundwork and torques measured in hip extensors. High correlation of fat-free mass index and relative elbow flexor torque was found. Conclusions: The relationship between body composition and frequency of techniques used in a tournament, and joint torques developed by athletes were found.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2018, 20, 2; 65-71
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evolution of Reception Efficacy and Execution in Women’s Volleyball According to Level of Competition – A Descriptive Study Aged From 14-Year-Old To Adult Professional Players
    Autorzy:
    Echeverría, Carlos J.
    Ortega, Enrique
    Palao, José M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    developmental stage
    match analysis
    sport performance
    team sport
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to determine the technical performance profile of service reception with regard to execution and efficacy level according to level of competition in women’s volleyball. The sample of the study was composed of a total of 6,311 game phases from 187 sets in 48 matches played during season 2005–2006 by the following divisions: under-14, under-16, under-18, 2nd national senior division, 1st national senior division, and international senior division. The design of the study was a descriptive and inter- and intra-group correlational one. The variables studied included level of competition, technique used to serve, technique used to receive, zone where the reception was executed, and efficacy of reception. The results indicated that at higher levels of competition: a) there is higher efficacy in reception; b) number of errors decreases; and c) proportion of receptions that allow one or more attacking options for the receiving team increases. As level of competition increases, the effect of service on reception decreases, and receiving zones are more diverse. This study establishes the technical and tactical service-reception profiles in women’s volleyball, compares them, and establishes the dependence between variables to understand how the action changes throughout the levels of competition.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2019, 27, 3; 55-64
    2300-9705
    2353-2807
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Quantification of motor abilities during the execution of judo techniques
    Autorzy:
    Frassinelli, Stefano
    Niccolai, Alessandro
    Zich, Riccardo E.
    Rosso, Valeria
    Gastaldi, Laura
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    IMU
    dżudo
    zdolności motoryczne
    sztuki walki
    inertial measurement unit (IMU)
    sport performance
    judo
    martial art
    motor abilities
    motor capabilities
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2019, 21, 3; 3-12
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Attaching mass to the upper arm can increase throw distance in a modified javelin throw
    Autorzy:
    Linthorne, Nicholas
    Heys, Martin
    Reynolds, Tomas
    Eckardt, Nils
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27324148.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    biomechanics
    motion analysis
    sport performance
    throwing
    biomechanika
    analiza ruchu
    wyniki sportowe
    rzucanie
    Opis:
    The effectiveness of the whip-like coordination in throwing might be influenced by the inertial properties of the athlete’s arm. This preliminary study investigated the acute effect of attaching mass to the upper arm on the distance achieved in a modified javelin throw. The aim was to identify the optimum upper arm mass that maximizes throw distance. Methods: Three well-trained adult male athletes performed maximum-effort throws with an 800-g javelin training ball. A wide range of masses (0–1.5 kg) were attached to the upper arm and a 2D video analysis was used to obtain measures of the projection variables for each attached mass. Results: All three athletes showed an effect of attached arm mass on throw distance, and with the optimum mass the athlete’s throw distance was increased by 2.2 m, 1.2 m, and 0 m (7%, 4%, and 0%), respectively. The optimum mass was specific to the athlete (0.6 kg, 0.2 kg, and 0 kg) and changes in throw distance were mostly due to changes in release velocity rather than changes in release angle or release height. The experimental results were broadly similar to those obtained using a simple 2D mathematical model of throwing. Conclusions: These results indicate that some javelin throwers might see an increase in throwing performance when a mass is attached to their upper arm. However, the relationship between upper arm mass and throwing performance should be investigated further with studies on more athletes, projectiles of different mass, and other throwing events.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2020, 22, 2; 55--67
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Psycho-Physiological Aspects in Karate Sports Preparation
    Aspekt psycho-fizjologiczny przygotowania sportowego w karate
    Autorzy:
    Benedik, Ľudovít
    Görner, Karol
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529206.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-05-08
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    martial arts
    combat sports
    karate
    psycho-physiological sports training
    sport performance
    sztuki walki
    psycho-fizjologiczny trening sportowy
    wyniki sportowe
    Opis:
    In the study, we tried to point out, on the basis of comparison conclusions of several research works, how much the psycho-physiological aspects contribute to influencing the conception of sport preparation in terms of the philosophical context of preparation in traditional martial arts. We elucidated the perception of the difference between martial arts and combat sports and emphasized the psychological dimension of training in sports karate in relation to physical training. At the same time, we were looking for relationships that would give us an answer as to which of these aspects are more effective in terms of sports performance. In conclusion, on the basis of a comprehensive content analysis of the findings, we draw attention to the fact that only the mutual correlation of both selected aspects can achieve the desired results in the training of karate practitioners.
    W naszym artykule, który ma charakter przeglądowy, porównaliśmy wnioski (wyniki badań) z kilkunastu artykułów o charakterze naukowym. Staraliśmy się wskazać, w jakim stopniu aspekty psychofizjologiczne w tradycyjnych sztukach walki są zaangażowane w projektowanie (planowanie i przygotowanie) treningu sportu w karate. Próbowaliśmy zbliżyć się do postrzegania różnicy pomiędzy sztukami walki a sportami walki, podkreślając psychologiczny wymiar treningu w karate sportowym w stosunku do treningu fizycznego. Jednocześnie szukaliśmy relacji, dających nam odpowiedź, który z tych aspektów jest bardziej skuteczny pod względem osiąganych wyników sportowych. W naszej analizie treści opracowań naukowych staraliśmy się podkreślić sposoby rozwoju osobowości i motywacji sportowca w kontekście treningu sportowego w dziedzinie karate. Podsumowując te rozważania, na podstawie pogłębionej i kompleksowej analizy treści ustaleń zwracamy uwagę na fakt, że tylko wzajemna korelacja obu wybranych aspektów może dać pożądane (zamierzone) wyniki sportowe w ramach treningu sportowego w karate.
    Źródło:
    Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe; 2020, 3, 2; 79-90
    2545-3211
    Pojawia się w:
    Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Educational Training on Nutrition and Weight Management in Elite Spanish Gymnasts
    Autorzy:
    Visiedo, Andrea
    Frideres, Jillian E.
    Palao, Jose M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1339361.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    aesthetic sport
    performance
    prevention
    knowledge
    Opis:
    The aim was to study the effect of a formative program about nutrition as well as weight management and its risks in elite gymnasts. The sample was 37 under-18 Spanish athletes from rhythmic and aesthetic gymnastics (national level). The sample was divided into a control group (n=21) and an intervention group (n=16). A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test was used. The dependent variable was the knowledge of nutrition, weight management, and its risks. The independent variable was the educational program. The program had three 30-minute sessions which combined talks, videos, and tasks to complete. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done. The educational program was ineffective with regard to increasing the gymnasts’ knowledge about nutrition, weight management, and its risks. The gymnasts’ knowledge of nutrition and weight management was high before beginning the intervention. Gymnasts and the coach expressed the need for individualized training adapted to each gymnast’s needs and for incorporating a follow-up that provides feedback that is applicable in the gymnast’s daily life.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2021, 33, 1; 53-59
    2300-9705
    2353-2807
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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