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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    New data on pre-Eocene karst in the Tatra Mountains, Central Carpathians, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Jach, R.
    Hercman, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059838.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    cave deposits
    speleothems
    weathering
    Palaeogene
    Opis:
    Sparry limestone, ferruginous muddy limestone and limestone breccia have been found in the Western Tatra Mts. They occur within Jurassic rocks of the Choč Nappe just below red conglomerates of probable Eocene age. The deposits found bear strong resemblance to the infill of subterranean karst forms. They differ significantly from Quaternary karst deposits of the Tatra Mts. The δ18O values of spelean carbonates suggest crystallisation at relatively high temperatures (over 20°C) whereas their relatively negative δ13C values imply the presence of soil-derived CO2 linked with vegetation dominated by C3 pathway plants. The karst forms and their infill were formed before the Eocene transgression, which shows unequivocally that the Tatra Mts. were subjected to karstification at that time.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2016, 60, 2; 291-300
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formation of calcite by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria – a new hypothesis, based on microcrystalline cave pisoids
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Chmiel, M.J.
    Motyka, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191736.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    microbial carbonates
    biomineralization
    biofilm
    speleothems
    Carpathians
    Opis:
    A new mechanism, stimulating the precipitation of calcite, is postulated. The supersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals is changed, as a result of CO2consumption by chemolithoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. This mechanism controls the growth of atypical, microcrystalline cave pisoids in Perlová Cave, in Slovakia. The pisoids grow under calm conditions in rimstone pools, where they are bathed continuously in stagnant water. The water is supersaturated, with respect to calcite and aragonite. The bacteria inhabit the outer parts of the pisoids, covered by biofilms. The biofilm influences the supply of the Ca2+ ion, slows down the precipitation rate, and favors calcite precipitation over that of aragonite. The calcite initially precipitates as bacterial replicas, which further act as seeds for the growing calcite crystals. This process leads to the obliteration of the primary, bacterial fabrics. Since hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria occur in a wide spectrum of natural habitats, the mechanism of calcification, postulated above, also may operate in other environments.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2012, 82, 4; 361--369
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Siliciclastic micro- stromatolites in a sandstone cave: role of trapping and binding of detrital particles in formation of cave deposits
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Chmiel, M. J.
    Lewandowska, A.
    Michalska-Kasperkiewicz, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191880.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    bacteria
    Actinomycetes
    biofilm
    speleothems
    Outer Carpathians
    Opis:
    The article deals with finely laminated microstromatolites composed of detrital siliciclastic particles, mainly quartz, feldspars and clay minerals, lining the walls of W Sopotni Wielkiej Cave (Polish Outer Carpa- thians). Newly precipitated mineral phases do not contribute to their growth. The microstromatolites cover vertical and overhanging walls of the cave. They form subhorizontal ripples and tongue-shaped stepped microterracettes. The stromatolites are constructed by bacteria and Actinomycetes. Seven morphotypes of micro-organisms have been distinguished. Trapping and binding of detrital particles result in the microstromatolite growth. The growth is influenced by the relatively close distance to the soil cover which provides detrital mineral particles and by the presence of gravitationally widened fissures which guide the water transporting mineral particles down to the cave. The particles are transported only during wet periods. The episodic supply of the particles results in visible lamination of microstromatolites. The microterracettes form in zones of increased water-flow. The lack of auto- chthonous components most probably reflects too low saturation of water to precipitate any minerals.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2010, 80, No 3; 303-314
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A short review of pyroducts (lava tubes)
    Autorzy:
    Sawłowicz, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836259.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    caves
    speleothems
    extraterrestrial
    volcanic environment
    Kazumura Cave
    Opis:
    Lava tubes and caves, when accessible for man, are very common in volcanic environments and poorly known to non-specialists. This short overview presents the distribution and forms of lava tubes, their speleothems and mineralogy and modes of formation. Studies of lava caves outside of Earth currently are a topic of great interest, as they may be potential locations for some life forms and future bases in space exploration. Basic features of lava tubes are illustrated with reference to the longest lava cave in the world, Kazumura Cave, in Hawaii.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2020, 90, 4; 513-534
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A short review of pyroducts (lava tubes)
    Autorzy:
    Sawłowicz, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836682.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    caves
    speleothems
    extraterrestrial
    volcanic environment
    Kazumura Cave
    Opis:
    Lava tubes and caves, when accessible for man, are very common in volcanic environments and poorly known to non-specialists. This short overview presents the distribution and forms of lava tubes, their speleothems and mineralogy and modes of formation. Studies of lava caves outside of Earth currently are a topic of great interest, as they may be potential locations for some life forms and future bases in space exploration. Basic features of lava tubes are illustrated with reference to the longest lava cave in the world, Kazumura Cave, in Hawaii.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2020, 90, 4; 513-534
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reconstruction of palaeoclimatic changes in Central Europe between 10 and 200 thousand years BP, based on analysis of growth frequency of speleothems
    Autorzy:
    Hercman, Helena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026763.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    U-series dating
    speleothems
    palaeoclimatology
    speleothem growth frequency
    Opis:
    The present study is an attempt to utilise the uranium-thorium dates ofspeleothems as a source ofpalaeoclimatic data. The clue is that the changing climate influenced intensity of speleothem deposition, which is reflected in clustering of U-Series dates of speleothems in certain time intervals. This work discusses and improves various methods of combined presentation of dates, with a special attention to the presentation in form of growth frequency ('pdf) curves. Using the 'bootstrap' method the confidence intervals of the 'pdf' curves could be determined. Also the algorithm, originally developed to determine parameters of arbitrarily chosen maxima in the curve, has been modified. Due to that an assessment of number of maxima has been possible. This method enables objective distinction of phases of speleothem growth, which cannot be done 'by eye' when the 'pdf' curve is smooth. The statistical tests show that the reliable 'pdf' curve should contain more than 150 dates. Basing on 308 U-series dates of cave speleothems from southern Poland and other regions of central Europe, the growth frequency curves for the Carpathians and Uplands have been constructed. Comparison of phases of speleothem growth, distinguished by various authors for several regions of Europe, indicates that the climatic changes were synchronous over the whole region. However, different shapes of the 'pdf' curves reflect increasing continuity ofspeleothem growth in the N-S transect southwards. This may be connected with the N-S climatic gradient in Europe. Using the 'pdf' curves from caves of Tatra and Low Tatra Mountains the most probable timing of development phases ofmountain glaciers has been delimited.
    Źródło:
    Studia Quaternaria; 2000, 17; 35-70
    1641-5558
    2300-0384
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Quaternaria
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Peculiar calcite speleothems filling fissures in calcareous sandstones and their palaeohydrological and palaeoclimatic significance: an example from the Polish Carpathians
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Duliński, M.
    Hercman, H.
    Górny, A.
    Przybyszowski, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060492.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    flysch Carpathians
    Pleistocene
    Holocene
    speleothems
    stable isotopes
    ascending water
    Opis:
    Peculiar calcite speleothems developed in fissures in the Cergowa Sandstones were found in the Klęczany Quarry (Polish Western Carpathians). They represent flowstone and stalactites, rafts and various sparry crusts. Such speleothems, especially phreatic ones, are uncommon in the Outer Carpathians that are composed mainly of siliciclastic rocks of flysch type, with only limited calcium carbonate content. The speleothems analysed grew in vadose and phreatic conditions as well as at the air-water interface. Phreatic speleothems and thin rafts comprise calcite crystals of eccentric morphology. Based on their stable isotope composition the majority of the speleothems form two clusters. The first is characterized by d18O values between –9.8 and –8.5‰ and of d13C values between –5.7 and –0.6‰ whereas the second cluster of samples yields d18O values between –9.4 and –7.3‰ and d13C values from –11.5 to –9.7‰. Speleothems grew between 230+14–13 ka and Holocene time. Phreatic speleothems, including massive rafts, precipitated from ascending water of deep circulation whereas vadose and water table speleothems crystallized from local infiltration water charged with soil CO2. Mixing of both waters in the shallow phreatic zone is plausible.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2012, 56, 4; 711--732
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as a tool for identification of combustion products : application to black layers in speleothems
    Autorzy:
    Pawlyta, M.
    Hercman, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191895.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    transmission electron microscopy
    soot aggregates
    wood combustion
    speleothems
    dark layers
    Opis:
    The present study deals with the application of High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) to dark layers, occurring in the speleothems of Domica Cave (Slovakia). Chemical pre-treatment was necessary for sample purification and the effective extraction of carbon soot. For purposes of comparison, soot aggregates obtained from laboratory experiments on the combustion of beech wood and collected from a diesel engine also were studied. HRTEM analyses of combustion products permit a distinction to be made between soot aggregates that originated in different combustion processes. The diameter of spherical, primary particles depends on the conditions of combustion, notably temperature. Burning in diesel engines produces soot with relatively small, primary particles (diameter dp = 34 ± 4 nm). Primary, spherical particles of soot aggregates, obtained from the combustion of beech wood, were larger (diameter dp = 42 ± 5 nm). The diameters of primary particles of soot separated from Domica flowstones (samples DOM1 and DOM2) were similar to the wood samples (dp = 50 ± 9 nm). Another type of carbonaceous particle, obtained in the combustion process, had a spherical shape, but the diameter of about 50–500 nm was significantly larger than that of soot. Analyses performed on two samples (DOM S1 and DOM S2) confirmed that the black laminae owed their colour to particles, formed during wood combustion and later retained in the speleothems.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2016, 86, 2; 237-248
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New isotopic data on karst development in the northern Kraków-Wieluń Upland (southern Poland)
    Autorzy:
    Hercman, H.
    Gąiorowski, M.
    Sujka, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191296.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    Kraków-Wieluń Upland
    caves
    speleothems
    U-series dating
    karst development
    Opis:
    The Kraków-Wieluñ Upland is one of the major palaeokarst regions in Poland. However, the stages of karst development in this area are neither well documented nor reconstructed. A series of samples from a new location in the vicinity of Raciszyn was analysed. On the basis of the results of U-series dating, four phases of speleothem deposition were distinguished: (1) older than 600 ka, (2) from more than 600 ka to 290 ka, (3) around 150 ka, and the youngest (4), younger than 3 ka. On the basis of all geochronological data from the region, eight stages of karst development were described. The structure of the oldest speleothems indicates even more stages of deposition and erosion that cannot be recognized using the 230Th/234U dating method. These results indicate that the initial creation of empty spaces in the limestone took place in pre-Pleistocene time. After 600 ka ago, climatic conditions were stable for more than 300 ka, allowing the continuous deposition of speleothems. Several episodes of erosion, deposition of clastic sediments and speleothem growth during the Middle and Early Pleistocene were described. This variability of the sedimentation regime clearly reflects climate changes during that period.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2016, 86, 4; 429-436
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Needle-fibre calcite and nanofibres as components of Holocene fissure-filling carbonates in southern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Gradziński, M.
    Jach, R.
    Górnikiewcz, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
    Tematy:
    speleothems
    caliche
    stable isotopes
    radiocarbon dating
    Pieniny Klippen Belt
    Western Carpathians
    Opis:
    The article deals with the carbonates, filling fissures in limestone bedrock and presently exposed in a south-facing rock wall of Kramnica hill (Pieniny Klippen Belt, southern Poland). The carbonates are composed of (i) needle-fibre calcite crystals, (ii) carbonate nanofibres, (iii) carbonate nanoparticles, and (iv) micrite and sparite calcite crystals. Detrital grains from the carbonate bedrock occur subordinately. The spatial relationships of the components give documentation that the nanofibres were formed simultaneously with or slightly later than the needle-fibre calcite crystals. There exists a continuous chain of forms from nanoparticles to elongated nanofibres. This, in turn, indicates that all the above morphological forms are related genetically. In relatively wide fissures, the carbonates studied formed stepped microterracettes, similar to those of speleothems, mainly of moonmilk type. Conversely, narrow fissures are completely filled with carbonates, which display parallel lamination. The carbonates were formed in the late Holocene. However, “dead carbon effect” precludes the possibility of any precise dating of them. Their δ13C and δ18O values are in ranges from -5.1‰ to -3.8‰ and from -6‰ to -4.7‰, respectively. The carbonates studied bear a strong resemblance to soil and spelean, moonmilk-type carbonates. This indicates that continuity exists between the depositional environments of soil and spelean carbonate.
    Źródło:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2013, 83, 3; 229-242
    0208-9068
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pleistocene speleothem fracturing in the Western Carpathian orogenic foreland : A case study from transtensional setting at the eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif
    Autorzy:
    Babek, O.
    Briestenský, M.
    Přecechtělová, G.
    Štěpančíková, P.
    Hellstrom, J. C.
    Drysdale, R. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059654.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    speleothems
    U/Th series dating
    palaeoseismicity
    Pleistocene
    Bohemian Massif
    Western Carpathians
    Opis:
    We studied speleothem-fracturing styles and their tectonic context in three cave systems situated in the eastern Bohemian Massif, close to the Western Carpathians orogenic front: the Za hájovnou, Javoříčko, and Mladeč caves. The morphology of the speleothems in particularly thin stalactites, and supporting evidence from the cave interior, indicates a tectonic origin of the breakage. U/Th series dating of the stalactites, supported by Optically Stimulated Luminiscence (OSL) and 14C dating of soft sediments indicate that most of the fracturing occurred in the Upper Pleistocene, with the last fracturing events corresponding to MIS6 and MIS5 stages. OSL dating of faulted soft-sediment infill may even indicate that latest Pleistocene to Early Holocene tectonic events occurred in the Mladeč Cave. The speleothem fracturing is discussed in the regional context of the seismically active Nysa-Morava Zone situated at the junction between the Bohemian Massif (Elbe Fault Zone) and the Western Carpathians. This study provides the first evidence of palaeoseismicity from the subsurface and the oldest dated palaeoseismicity from the contact between the Western Carpathians and the Bohemian Massif.
    Źródło:
    Geological Quarterly; 2015, 59, 3; 491--506
    1641-7291
    Pojawia się w:
    Geological Quarterly
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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