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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Mineralizacja mikrofalowa jako efektywna metoda roztwarzania stałych próbek środowiskowych
    The microwave mineralization as efficient digestion method for solid environmental matrices
    Autorzy:
    Ślęzak, E.
    Poluszyńska, J.
    Wieczorek, P. P.
    Sławińska, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/392286.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych
    Tematy:
    próbka środowiskowa
    przygotowanie próbek
    próbka stała
    mineralizacja
    metoda mikrofalowa
    gleba
    metal ciężki
    osad denny
    environmental sample
    sample preparation
    solid sample
    mineralization
    microwave method
    soil
    heavy metal
    bottom sediment
    Opis:
    Mineralizacja mikrofalowa w układzie zamkniętym jest obecnie jedną z najefektywniejszych technik roztwarzania próbek środowiskowych w celu oznaczania zawartości jonów metali ciężkich. W pracy dokonano oceny metody mineralizacji mikrofalowej jako jednej z technik dekompozycji próbek stałych. Omówiono parametry charakteryzujące metodę, które decydują o jej przewadze nad innymi technikami roztwarzania (małe ilości niezbędnych odczynników, eliminacja zanieczyszczeń, niewielka naważka roztwarzanego materiału oraz krótki czas mineralizacji). Wykazano wpływ etapu roztwarzania na dalszy proces analityczny próbki. Stwierdzono, że parametry charakteryzujące mineralizację mikrofalową w układzie zamkniętym (precyzja, powtarzalność, dokładność) rokują, że metoda ta wkrótce zdominuje techniki roztwarzania próbek.
    Closed microwave digestion method is one of the most effective used as mineralization technique for environmental matrices to determine the heavy metals ions. The article describes the evaluation of microwave mineralization method as one of the decomposition techniques for solid samples. The characteristic parameters of the method, which determine its advantage over other digestion techniques (small amount of reagents, elimination of impurities, small sample weight and short time of mineralization) were discussed. The influence of the digestion on the analytical process was demonstrated. It was found that the characteristic parameters of the microwave mineralization in a closed system (precision, repeatability, accuracy) promise that this method will soon dominate the techniques of sample digestion.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych; 2016, R. 9, nr 26, 26; 151-159
    1899-3230
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sample Preparation Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) Analysis for Monitoring Muconic Acid as a Biomarker of Occupational Exposure to Benzene
    Autorzy:
    Shahtaheri, S. J.
    Ghamari, F.
    Golbabaei, F.
    Rahimi-Froushani, A.
    Abdollahi, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91059.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    benzene
    muconic acid
    sample preparation
    solid-phase extraction
    biological monitoring
    chromatography
    Opis:
    Factors affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) of trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA), as a benzene biomarker, including sample pH, sample concentration, sample volume, sample flow rate, washing solvent, elution solvent, and type of sorbent were evaluated. Extracted samples were determined by HPLC-UV (high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet). The analytical column was C18, UV wave length was 259 nm, and the mobile phase was H2O/methanol/acetic acid run at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A strong anion exchange silica cartridge was found successful in simplifying SPE. There was a significant difference between recoveries of ttMA when different factors were used (p < .001). An optimum recovery was obtained when sample pH was adjusted at 7. There was no significant difference when different sample concentrations were used (p > .05). The optimized method was then validated with 3 different pools of samples showing good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 377-388
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nowe rozwiązania metodyczne i techniczne w zakresie techniki mikroekstrakcji do fazy stacjonarnej
    New methodological and technical approaches in the field of solid phase microextraction
    Autorzy:
    Marcinkowski, Ł.
    Kloskowski, A.
    Namieśnik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172084.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    zielona chemia
    mikroekstrakcja do fazy stacjonarnej
    techniki przygotowania próbek
    green chemistry
    solid phase microextraction
    sample preparation techniques
    Opis:
    Sample preparation has been recognized as a critical step of the analytical process, being even considered as the bottleneck of the overall process. Enrichment of target compounds, transfer of the analytes into a solvent compatible with the analytical instrumentation, minimization of potential interferences, and efficient sample clean-up, are among the main aims of sample preparation techniques. In this regard, liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction have been conventionally employed prior to the determination of relevant compounds in a variety of samples. In spite of their suitable performance, these classical techniques do not fulfill several of the challenges in analytical chemistry, including miniaturization, portability, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the necessity to determine relevant compounds at very low concentrations in matrices of different complexity, especially when dealing with reduced sample volumes, made the improvement of sample preparation techniques being of paramount importance. The inception of solid- -phase microextraction (SPME) involved a huge advance in this sense. SPME was firstly introduced by prof. Janusz Pawliszyn in 1990 as an alternative to conventional sample preparation methods. its small size makes SPME being highly convenient for on-site analysis and monitoring, as well as in vivo analysis. A variety of coating fibers for extracting analytes of different polarity and volatility are nowadays commercially available. Nevertheless, the development of novel SPME fibers with improved mechanical, chemical and thermal stability is a current trend in analytical chemistry, as discussed in the text. In this work the information about novel methodological and instrumental solutions in relation to different variants solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is presented. The proposed solutions fulfill the requirements resulting from the concept of sustainable development, and specifically from the implementation of green chemistry principles in analytical laboratories. Therefore particular attention was paid to the description of possible uses of novel, selective stationary phases for SPME technique. Last part presents new technical approaches in SPME field such as: Electrochemically Enhanced SPME, Membrane-SPME.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2015, 69, 9-10; 869-892
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Propozycje innowacyjnych sorbentów w przygotowaniu próbek biologicznych
    Proposals of innovative sorbents in the preparation of biological samples
    Autorzy:
    Pajewska-Szmyt, Martyna
    Gadzała-Kopciuch, Renata
    Buszewski, Bogusław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1413237.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    metody przygotowania próbki
    dyspersyjna ekstrakcja do fazy stałej
    próbki biologiczne
    polimery z odciśniętą cząsteczką
    sample preparation method
    dispersive solid phase extraction
    biological sample
    molecularly imprinted polymers
    Opis:
    The sample preparation stage is a critical step in the whole analytical procedure as it often determines the efficiency of the process. What is particularly noticeable in the area of biological samples. Blood, milk, urine, saliva or tissue are only few examples of complicated biological matrix, that require a optimization of sample pre-treatment method for particular analytes. For these purpose, the aim of following chapter was to characterized main problems with sample preparation method as well as highlighted some innovative ways how to improve sample preparation stage. Attention was particularly focused on the use of dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE), which has achieved high growth in interest in recent years, mainly due to the simplicity and rapidity of performance. This method is not only used with commercially available sorbents, but also provides a basis for trying to apply new analytical tools for separation of analytes from matrix. Following the trends of nanotechnology and within the rules of green analytical chemistry, scientists are facing the challenges of determining and identifying compounds from various chemical groups. Frequently targeting analytes at trace concentration levels as well biological samples. In addition, attention is also focused on reagents reduction and shorter analysis time but also in terms of minimization of sample volume, which should to be collected. Herein the chapter presented describes exemplary new proposals in sorbents such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), supported ionic liquids (ILs), dendrimers and metal-organic framework (MOFs). In addition, it also looked at the potential use of magnetic nanoparticles as carriers. New sorbents in sample preparation together with modem instrumental techniques therefore allow the development of a procedure that will be characterized by high selectivity and specificity.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2021, 75, 7-8; 1075-1088
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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