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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Environmental aspects of soil surface sealing and compaction
    Autorzy:
    Debicki, R
    Lipiec, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/802969.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1993
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    root system
    soil erosion process
    erosion
    wind erosion
    compaction
    soil surface
    environmental aspect
    plant growth
    physical degradation
    irrigation water
    Opis:
    The paper presents some environmental impacts caused by two important factors of physical degradation of the soil, i.e., soil surface sealing/crusting phenomena and soil compaction. It can be concluded that despite numerous literature on the subject as well as the Authors' own data collected in model laboratory and field experiments, it is still difficult to judge to what extent the effects of those two processes are negative for both the soil environment and the plant growth.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1993, 400
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Content of Cu, Zn and Mn in the eroded soils of a small arable-forest catchment of West Pomerania [The Chojna District]
    Autorzy:
    Chudecka, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1449154.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    Pomeranian region
    Polska
    arable-forest catchment
    water erosion
    Chojna district
    erosion process
    geochemical background
    soil
    soil property
    eroded soil
    degraded ecosystem
    anthropogenic ecosystem
    heavy metal
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper was to assess differentiation in the total content of Cu, Zn and Mn under the influence of water erosion. The present author investigated parent material, eroded soils and delluvial sediments of a small arable-forest catchment of the moraine zone in West Pomerania. The average content of heavy metals in the parent rock (boulder light loam) were assumed as geochemical backgrounds of Cu, Zn and Mn. It was found out that erosion process caused differentiation in heavy metals. Zinc was the most mobile in this transportation; Mn was not sensitive to it. Delluvial sediments from arable (drainage) depressions had a clearly lower content of Cu and Zn than the parent material. It was also noted that Cu and Zn content in the forest area was lower than in the arable area of a similar relief and soil composition. Mn content was always higher in the arable soils. Soil-forming processes influenced differentiation of heavy metals in the vertical soil profile. The humus and Bt horizons (accumulation of silicate clay) were enriched with heavy metals. A decrease of heavy metal content was noticed in the eluvial horizon (Eet - outwash of silicate clay). The humus horizon of the investigated soil had, a natural (not increased) content of Cu, Zn and Mn.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 51; 21-28
    1234-4125
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrophysica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Environmental aspects of soils and land use in Hungary
    Autorzy:
    Varallyay, G
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/796299.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1993
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    toxic element
    soil fertility
    land
    mineral fertilizer
    water erosion
    Hungary
    soil function
    environment protection
    environmental aspect
    soil degradation process
    crop production
    future task
    soil conservation
    soil moisture
    Opis:
    Soils represent a considerable part of the natural resources of Hungary. Consequently, rational and sustainable land use and proper management ensuring normal soil functions have particular significance in the Hungarian national economy, and soil conservation is an important element of environment protection.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1993, 400
    0084-5477
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of fulvic and humic organic acids and calcium on growth and chlorophyll content of tree species grown under salt stress
    Autorzy:
    Marosz, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    tree species
    chlorophyll content
    salinity stress
    ornamental tree
    fulvic organic acid
    humic organic acid
    calcium
    growth
    salt
    soil erosion
    environment pollution
    mineral nutrition
    plant
    physiological process
    Opis:
    The use of salt to malt ice has definite effects on the environment. Some of these environmental effects are: soil erosion, environmental pollution, changes in mineral nutrition or general destruction of the physiological processes of plants. This use of salt has a negative impact on roadside vegetation and sustainability. The objective of the presented study was to investigate the effects of fulvic and humic organic acids as well as the calcium on growth and chlorophyll content of seven tree species grown under salt stress. Two year old seedlings of – Acer campestre, Aer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer tataricum ssp. ginnala, Ginkgo biloba, Platanus ×hispanica 'Acerifolia' and Tilia cordata were planted to plastic pots (2 dm3 vol). They were planted outdoors in a growing medium compound which had high sphagnum peat, grainy sand and composted pine bark. Salinity stress was maintained by irrigating plants with tap water containing 3.3 g NaCl/L H2O. Different organic fertilizers were used to redce the risk of nutritional stress caused by salinity. Salinity in the growing medium limited the growth of two maple species and littleleaf linden. In other species such A. campestre, A. tataricum ssp. ginnala, G. biloba there were no significant differences when compared to the control group of plants. Severe leaf damage was observed on A. paltanoides where leaf burning was seen on up to 30%of the leaf blade surface. The response to salinity of other species like A. pseudoplatanus, A. tataricum ssp. ginnala, and T. cordata was less evident. Humic organic acids applied alone to the growing medium improved the growth of all the maple species when compared to the control group. A calcium had the best effect on the growth of all tested trees except A. tataricum ssp. ginnala and G. biloba. The chlorophyll content index (CCI) differed according to the growing medium treatment and the species. The total CCI ranged from 9.62 for the control plants P. ×hispanica 'Acerifolia' to 52.64 for G. biloba which had been treated with a calcium. Application of organic fertilizers to the salt treated growing medium increased the CCI in many species.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 62; 47-53
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sekularne i ekstremalne procesy erozji wodnej gleb na Pojezierzu Drawskim
    Secular and extreme soil erosion processes in the Drawskie Lakeland
    Autorzy:
    Majewski, Mikołaj
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/295194.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    gleba
    erozja wodna
    proces sekularny
    proces ekstremalny
    Pojezierze Drawskie
    warunki meteorologiczne
    rzeźba terenu
    litologia
    temperatura powietrza
    opady atmosferyczne
    klimat
    pokrywa śnieżna
    przemarznięcie gruntu
    soil
    water erosion
    secular process
    extreme process
    Drawskie Lakeland
    meteorological conditions
    relief of the terrain
    lithology
    air temperature
    precipitation
    climate
    ice sheets
    Opis:
    Soil erosion by water is one of the most important factors affecting contemporary landscape changes within the lowland geoecosystems in Central Europe. Soil erosion by water mainly depends on: rainfalls (especially its intensity and erosivity), length of slope and its inclination, type of cultivation and usage of land, anti-erosion treatments and susceptibility of soils to erosion. The aim of conducted research was to evaluate conditioning and magnitude of secular and extreme soil erosion processes in the Drawsko Lakeland with special considering of rainfall erosivity index (EI30). The main goal was realised through several research tasks. The first task involved examination of surface runoff and slope wash conditionings, course and quantity in the testing plot located within the Chwalimski Potok catchment. The second task was related to evaluate rainfall impact to soil erosion by water processes. It was realised by computation rainfall characteristics: intensity, kinetic energy and erosivity. In order to assess secular and extreme soil erosion impact to land relief changes, research were provided with additional details by conducting three field experiments with simulated rainfall. Stationary observation and quantitative researches of soil erosion (at testing plots) have been conducting within the Chwalimski Brook catchment for three hydrological years (2012–2014). The slope with the test area is located within the 1st order catchment being a subsystem of the Młynski Brook catchment and then followed by the upper Parsęta catchment. This area covers 4.8 hectares and is characterised by short slopes with small height variances up to 10 meters. Historically, the area was covered with agricultural crops, currently they cover about 10% of the area. The slope is covered with gleyic retisols and its average inclination is about 4 degrees with its south-east exposure. The measuring system of soil erosion covered 5 testing plots with different agricultural use (bare fallow, meadow, potatoes, spring and winter crops). Plots are 42 metres long and 4 metres width. In the bottom edge of each plot catchers with volume of 800 dm3 were installed. In this research, only data from black fallow were considered. Such tillage is recognised as a standard in soil erosion studies. Two experiments have been conducted in this testing plot. The third one has been conducted on slope located within an area of undulated morainic plateau in the Kłuda catchment. The slope is characterised by greater height variances than in Chwalimski Brook catchment. The slope, where the experiment has been conducted, is situated within local closed depression and is covered by sands underlain by boulder clay. Its average slope is about 10° with its southwest exposure. Although annual precipitation in the three-year measurement period was comparable with mean value from multi-year period (1987–2014), its intensity and erosivity were distinguishably lower. Such rainfall conditions are not favourable for extreme soil erosion by water processes, thus any relief forms from such geomorphological processes were not observed in the Drawsko Lakeland. Due to lack of that kind of forms, in 2013 and 2014, three field experiments were conducted. The main aim of experiments was to evaluate the impact of high intensity rainfall on soil surface. The first experiment consisted of 5, the second and the third of 4 rainfall simulations. The rainfall was created by using a purpose-built rain simulator, consisting of 3 and 6 sprinklers placed around the testing plot. Despite the slope inclination in the Kłuda catchment was 2.5 times steeper than Chwalimski Potok’s slope, surface runoff attained smaller volume, because of remarkably higher infiltration rate. In 2012–2014, surface runoff and soil loss has occurred 8 times each year. The maximal monthly surface runoff volume was registered in February 2012, and it equalled 10.1 dm3 m−2 and the maximal soil loss value was registered in May 2013 and equalled 3,198 kg ha−1. Annual runoff volumes were between 31.2 dm3 m−2 in 2012 and 38.8 dm3 m−2 in 2013, whereas annual soil loss values ranged from 740 kg ha−1 in 2012 to 5,700 kg ha−1 in 2013. Soil erosion values caused by simulated rainfall during field experiments were similar or significantly higher than annual values. Surface runoff was between 31.2 dm3 m−2 in the first experiment and 34.2 dm3 m−2 in the second one, whilst soil loss was between 4,632 kg ha−1 and 8,637 kg ha−1. The achieved experiment results have been compared with soil erosion rate achieved from stationary observations. The results show that runoff and soil loss considerably increase during rainfalls with high amount, intensity and erosivity. Furthermore, individual extreme erosive events may exceed annual (secular) soil erosion processes. Conducted stationary research indicates that annual soil erosion primarily depends on individual rainfall and erosive events, which considerably exceed mean values. In order to evaluate the soil susceptibility to erosion by water in the Drawsko Lakeland, high resolution potential and actual soil erosion risk maps were prepared. The qualitative assessment of soil erosion risk was based on geoinformation technologies. The model considers following conditions affecting the size of soil erosion: slope steepness and aspect, topographic factor LS (unit upslope contributing area), lithology, rainfall erosivity (Modified Fournier Index calculated from monthly and annual precipitation data) and land use and land cover from Corine Land Cover 2006. To prepare the map of potential soil erosion risk, land use from Corine Land Cover was not considered. Thematic maps have been reclassified into a 4-degree division. The results of the soil erosion risk assessment in the Drawsko Lakeland reveal the fact that a majority of its area is characterized by moderate or low erosion risk levels. Areas with high erosion risk are mostly located in the northern part of the Lakeland. The achieved results from stationary observations and field experiments may indicate that the soil loss magnitude significantly increases during rainfall with higher intensity, greater totals and accumulated in time rainfall events. This may confirm the high potential of soil erosion by water processes of above- -average magnitude and intensity in the discharge of material from agricultural used slopes.
    Źródło:
    Landform Analysis; 2020, 39; 1-106
    1429-799X
    Pojawia się w:
    Landform Analysis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sklad chemiczny wody rzecznej w terenie lessowym
    Chemical composition of river water in loess region
    Autorzy:
    Glinski, P
    Glinski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401769.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    Wyzyna Lubelska
    tereny lessowe
    hydrologia
    wody powierzchniowe
    rzeki
    rzeka Ciemiega
    wody rzeczne
    jakosc wody
    ocena jakosci
    sklad chemiczny
    gleby
    lessy
    procesy erozyjne
    Lublin Upland
    loess area
    hydrology
    surface water
    river
    Ciemiega River
    river water
    water quality
    chemical composition
    soil
    loess
    erosion process
    Opis:
    W pracy przedstawiono wyniki 2-letnich badań jakości wód powierzchniowych rzeki Ciemięgi, przepływającej przez urzeźbione rolnicze tereny lessowe Wyżyny Lubelskiej. Stwierdzono, że jakość wód w okresie badań nie była zagrożona procesami erozyjnymi wpływającymi na ich skład chemiczny. Skład chemiczny tych wód był wynikiem głównie procesów geochemicznych
    Two years`investigations of water quality of Ciemiegga river situated in eroded loess region fully agriculturally used were conducted in 1996 and 1997. It was found that chemical composition of river water was not affected by erosion processes, except of phosphorus compounds. It was only under the geochemical processes.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrophysica; 2000, 38; 81-93
    1234-4125
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrophysica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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