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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    New findings reveal that the Middle Triassic ichthyosaur Mixosaurus cornalianus is the oldest amniote with a dorsal fin
    Autorzy:
    Renesto, S.
    Dal Sasso, C.
    Fogliazza, F.
    Ragni, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Ichthyosauria
    Mixosauridae
    soft tissue preservation
    functional morphology
    Mesozoic
    Italy
    Opis:
    Two excellently preserved specimens of Mixosaurus cornalianus from the Anisian layers of the Middle Triassic Formazione di Besano, with soft parts associated with well-articulated skeletal elements, revealed the presence in this species of a dorsal fin and of a well-developed, triangular dorsal lobe of the caudal fin, both stiffened by an array of fibre bundles, as in Jurassic fast-swimming ichthyosaurs. This finding testifies that efficient swimming exaptations were already present in some Middle Triassic ichthyosaurs. Mixosaurus is then the oldest amniote so far known that developed a dorsal fin. The preservation of the fin shapes, scaleless skin, and three-dimensional dermal fibres is remarkable, allowing observation of their microstructure, and ruling out any artefactual interpretation. Stomach contents indicate that both specimens preyed upon cephalopods and small fishes. An internal organ, possibly a tract of the intestine, is also preserved in one specimen, which represents the first documented case in the ichthyosaurs of the Besano Formation, and a rarity in the fossil record of the clade.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2020, 65, 3; 511-522
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exceptional soft-tissue preservation in boring ctenostome bryozoans and associated “fungal” borings from the Early Devonian of Podolia, Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Olempska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21117.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    soft tissue preservation
    ctenostome bryozoan
    bryozoan
    Early Devonian
    Devonian
    paleontology
    Podolia
    Ukraine
    Bryozoa
    fungi
    demineralization
    phosphatization
    Opis:
    Colonies of boring ctenostome bryozoans and microborings of “fungi” that occur in the Early Devonian (Lochkovian, ~416 Ma) of Podolia, western Ukraine, have soft−tissue preserved by phosphatization. These comprise exceptional three−dimensional body walls of feeding zooids with probable parietal muscles inserted on the cystid wall, and setigerous collars twisted within the vestibulum. The presence of collars in this Early Devonian ctenostomes proves the existence of this feature for more than 416 Ma of ctenostome evolution. Phosphatized remains of the zooid walls are interpreted as relicts of the originally chitinous cystid walls. This is the first record of soft−tissue fossilization in a boring bryozoan. The presence of cavities (specialized heterozooids), empty or filled with laminated calcium phosphate, is also documented in bryozoans for the first time. These cavities are interpreted as “store−rooms” in which the bryozoans accumulated nutrients. The new taxon, Podoliapora doroshevi gen. et sp. nov. is described. In additional, phosphatised fungi−like endoliths co−occur with bryozoans.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2012, 57, 4
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pyritized tube feet in a protasterid ophiuroid from the Upper Ordovician of Kentucky, U.S.A.
    Autorzy:
    Glass, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    ophiuroid
    soft tissue preservation
    Kope Formation
    Protasteridae
    Kentucky
    Protasterina flexuosa
    protasterid ophiuroid
    Ordovician
    Upper Ordovician
    pyritization
    paleontology
    Ophiuroidea
    Opis:
    A single specimen of the protasterid ophiuroid Protasterina flexuosa from the Kope Formation (Cincinnatian, Upper Ordovician) of Kentucky exhibits three−dimensionally pyritized tube feet. This represents the first report of soft−tissue preservation in an echinoderm from the type−Cincinnatian series. The tube feet are solid and lack all internal structure. They consist of aggregated masses of small euhedral to subhedral pyrite crystals suggesting that pyritization, although decay−induced and mediated, did not necessarily replicate soft−tissues but might instead have formed inside the void−spaces left behind during the decay process. The discovery of pyritized soft−tissue as delicate as ophiuroid tube feet suggests that similar forms of soft−tissue preservation might be found in other taxa in the Kope Formation. Perhaps much more importantly, this unexpected occurrence demonstrates the incompleteness of our knowledge of permissible conditions for the preservation of soft−tissues and it thereby indicates promise for discovery of other such occurrences in diverse organisms in unexpected settings. Systematics of Paleozoic ophiuroids remains problematic in spite of many years of study by capable paleontologists. The incomplete but well−preserved specimens treated here include the types of Protasterina flexuosa and Protasterina fimbriata as well as previously undescribed specimens. Together they permit a revised diagnosis and detailed description of the genus Protasterina. Protasterina fimbriata is the type species of the genus but is a subjective junior synonym of Protaster flexuosus (= Protasterina flexuosa). The genus is clearly differentiated from the only other known protasterid ophiuroid from the Cincinnatian series, Taeniaster spinosus, and from all other protasterid genera.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2006, 51, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Soft-tissue preservation in the Lower Cambrian linguloid brachiopod from South China
    Autorzy:
    Zhang, Z
    Han, J.
    Zhang, X.
    Liu, J.
    Shu, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20001.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Lingulellotreta malongensis
    Chengjiang Lagerstatte
    soft tissue preservation
    lophophore
    brachiopod
    linguloid brachiopod
    China
    Linguloidea
    gastrointestinal tract
    Cambrian
    Lower Cambrian
    paleontology
    Opis:
    The organization of the lophophore and the digestive system are recognized as two of the diagnostic characters in the definition of higher brachiopod taxa, and hence play a major role in their phylogenetic analysis, their structure, however, is very rarely fossilized. Here we describe and interpret specimens of the brachiopod Lingulellotreta malongensis, from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte (South China), one of the earliest known taxa of the Lingulellotretidae, in which lophophores and intact, U−shaped digestive tracts are extraordinarily well−preserved. The lophophore, with clearly preserved tentacles, corresponds to an early spirolophe developmental stage. The digestive tract consists of a mouth, esophagus, distended stomach, intestine and an anterior anus, and differs from that of the Chengjiang obolid Lingulella chengjiangensis by the presence of the dilated stomach and by the absence of a looped intestine as in Lingula. In addition, the relative sizes of the mantle and visceral cavities of Lingulellotreta malongensis also are described. These fossils demonstrate that by the Atdabanian brachiopods had already possessed advanced features, and suggest that a lophophore and a U−shaped intestine with an anterior anus are brachiopod plesiomorphies.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2004, 49, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Census of dinosaur skin reveals lithology may not be the most important factor in increased preservation of hadrosaurid skin
    Autorzy:
    Davis, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945879.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    paleontology
    Dinosauria
    dinosaur
    skin
    lithology
    preservation
    hadrosaurid
    soft tissue
    fossil
    Mesozoic
    North America
    Opis:
    A global census of published records of dinosaur skin from the Mesozoic, cross-referenced against a more detailed lithological dataset from the Maastrichtian of North America, clarifies why most examples of fossilized dinosaur skin come from hadrosaurids. Globally, more published specimens of hadrosaurids exhibit preserved skin than any other major clade of dinosaur. North American Maastrichtian hadrosaurid fossils are 31 times more likely to have skin preserved than coeval dinosaur remains. This does not arise from collection methodology, the large population size of hadrosaurids, or the gross lithology of their depositional environment. The reason that so many hadrosaurid fossils have skin is still elusive, but was likely something intrinsic to hadrosaurids that originated early on in the clade, perhaps the possession of tougher or thicker skin. The database of published examples of fossilized dinosaur skin assembled here will assist the continued development of a much needed common terminology and taxonomic framework for dinosaur skin.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2014, 59, 3; 601-605
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preservation of soft tissues in an Ordovician linguloid brachiopod from China
    Autorzy:
    Balinski, A.
    Sun, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21359.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    preservation
    soft tissue
    Ordovician
    linguloid brachiopod
    brachiopod
    Leontiella
    fauna
    geographic location
    shell
    Hubei province
    China
    Opis:
    The findings of preserved soft body parts including pedicle in the linguloid brachiopods are extremely rare in the fossil record of which the early Cambrian Chengjiang (southern China) and Burgess Shale (British Columbia) faunas are the most important. However, these characteristic Cambrian soft−bodied faunas largely disappeared from the fossil re− cord well before the end of the Cambrian. Here we describe the first record of the pedicle in a linguloid brachiopod from the post−Cambrian strata, preserved with remarkable fidel− ity. Contrary to the Chengjiang and Burgess Shale−type fau− nas which are commonly preserved as essentially two−di− mensional aluminosilicate or degraded organic carbon films or pyritized compressed fossils, the specimens now recov− ered from the Ordovician of China show a three−dimen− sional, pyritized pedicle with preserved external morphol− ogy, in detail. The presence of streamlined shell shape and burrowing shell sculpture in our specimens supports an as− sumption for infaunal mode of life of the genus. Since all linguloid brachiopods of the early Cambrian are inter− preted as epifaunal or semi−infaunal, it seems that the here described Ordovician linguloid is the oldest representative of fully infaunal brachiopods. Apparently, the long vermi− form and flexible linguloid pedicle has appeared as a func− tionally optimized construction.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2013, 58, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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