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    Tytuł:
    Teorie pracujące. Pragmatyzm w ujęciu badaczy z grupy Chicago School Irregulars
    Working Theories. Pragmatism as Defined by the Researchers From Chicago School Irregulars Group
    Autorzy:
    Marciniak, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623175.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    pragmatyzm społeczny
    teorie pracujące
    Chicago School Irregulars
    interakcjonizm symboliczny
    badania jakościowe
    social pragmatism
    working theories
    symbolic interactionism
    qualitative research
    Opis:
    Artykuł przybliża inicjatywę podjętą przez grupę amerykańskich badaczy na przełomie lat sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych XX wieku związaną z wypracowaniem praktycznych wniosków ze stosowania założeń pragmatyzmu w badaniach społecznych. Choć brak jest jednego, spójnego dokumentu podsumowującego ustalenia badaczy, analiza późniejszych dokonań uczestników spotkań grupy, ich osiągnięć metodologicznych i empirycznych pozwala na zrekonstruowanie kluczowych założeń, jakich trzymali się w swojej pracy naukowej oraz przeformułowanie ich we wskazówki dla kontynuatorów. Pośród różnorodnych przedstawianych w artykule ustaleń kluczowe miejsce zajmują te dotyczące oczekiwanych rezultatów pracy badawczej – teorii spełniających fundamentalne założenia nauki pragmatycznej, nazwanych tutaj teoriami pracującymi.
    The article presents an initiative taken at the turn of the 60s and 70s of the 20th century by a group of American researchers tied to the elaboration of practical conclusions from the application of pragmatism principles in social studies. Although there is no single, coherent document summarizing their findings, the subsequent analysis of their achievements and empirical methodology allows for the reconstruction of key assumptions and further reformulation into the guidelines for the followers. Among various findings presented in the article, the focus here is on expected results of research work—theories that meet the fundamental assumptions of pragmatic science, here named working theories.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej; 2015, 11, 1; 40-53
    1733-8069
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Nowi niepokorni”. Powstanie Komitetu Obrony Robotników jako wyzwanie dla teorii socjologicznej
    THE „NEW DEFIANT ONES”. THE EMERGENCE OF THE WORKERS’ DEFENSE COMMITTE AS A CHALLENGE TO SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
    Autorzy:
    Dietz, Hella
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/427472.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
    SOLIDARNOSC
    SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
    COLLECTIVE IDENTITY
    PRAGMATISM
    Opis:
    The emergence of Poland’s Komitet Obrony Robotników, KOR, is a challenge for social movement research whose concepts were mainly developed studying movements in Western democratic countries. The currently dominating structuralist rationalist approach tends to reduce protests to a strategic reaction to favourable opportunity structures. Although this approach offers an adequate evolutionary explanation for KOR’s success, it does not offer a convincing causal explanation for its emergence and the mobilization of activists. This article develops an alternative explanation, using concepts from theories of collective identity, american pragmatism, Émile Durkheim, and Max Weber.
    Źródło:
    Studia Socjologiczne; 2013, 3(210); 97-121
    0039-3371
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Socjologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Triangulation as a method of the research in jurisprudence
    Autorzy:
    Gurbiel, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1162988.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    jurisprudence
    mixed methods
    paradigm
    pragmatism
    social science
    triangulation
    Opis:
    The purpose of the article is proposing new possibilities in using the triangulation in jurisprudence. This paper consists of two main substantial parts ended in summarizing conclusion. The first component discusses the paradigm of the social science in the context of using the research methods. After that, the essence and meaning of the triangulation were explained. It was the foundation to suggest triangulation as a research method in jurisprudence.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2018, 110; 119-128
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pragmatism and Political Pluralism - Consensus and Pluralism
    Autorzy:
    Marsonet, Michele
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036574.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
    Tematy:
    pragmatism
    science
    cultural evolution
    political philosophy
    consensus
    social contract
    Opis:
    A pragmatist thinker like Nicholas Rescher deems the idea that social harmony must be predicated in consensus to be both dangerous and misleading. An essential problem of our time is the creation of political and social institutions that enable people to live together in peaceful and productive ways, despite the presence of not eliminable disagreements about theoretical and practical issues. Such remarks, in turn, strictly recall the “practical” impossibility of settling philosophical disputes by having recourse to abstract and aprioristic principles. In the circumstances, the social model of team members cooperating for a common purpose is unrealistic. A more adequate model is, instead, that of a classical capitalism where - in a sufficiently well developed system - both competition and rivalry manage somehow to foster the benefit of the entire community (theory of the “hidden hand”). Certainly the scientific community is one of the best examples of this that we have, although even in this case we must be careful not to give too idealized a picture of scientific research. Consensus, however, in the Western tradition is an ideal worth being pursued. At this point we are faced with two basic positions. On the one side (a) “consensualists” maintain that disagreement should be averted no matter what, while, on the other, (b) “pluralists” accept disagreement because they take dissensus to be an inevitable feature of the imperfect world in which we live. A pluralistic vision, therefore, tries to make dissensus tolerable, and not to eliminate it. All theories of idealized consensus present us with serious setbacks. This is the case, for instance, with Charles S. Peirce. As is well known, Peirce takes truth to be “the limit of inquiry,” i.e. either what science will discover in the (idealized) long run, or what it would discover if the human efforts were so extended. By taking this path, thus, truth is nothing but the ultimate consensus reached within the scientific community. We can be sure that, once a “final” answer to a question has been found which is thereafter maintained without change, that one is the truth we were looking for. This fascinating theory, however, has various unfortunate consequences. In our day the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas has in a way revived these Peircean insights, putting forward an influential theory to the effect that consensus indeed plays a key role in human praxis, so that the primary task of philosophy is to foster it by eliminating the disagreement which we constantly have to face in the course of our daily life. In his “communicative theory of consensus,” furthermore, he claims that human communication rests on an implicit commitment to a sort of “ideal speech situation” which is the normative foundation of agreement in linguistic matters. Consequently, the quest for consensus is a constitutive feature of our nature of (rational) human beings: rationality and consensus are tied together. A very strong consequence derives from Habermas’ premises: were we to abandon the search for consensus we would lose rationality, too, and this makes us understand that he views the pursuit of consensus as a regulative principle (rather than as a merely practical objective). Rescher opposes both Peirce’s eschatological view and Habermas’ regulative and idealized one.
    Źródło:
    Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2015, 12; 47-58
    2079-3715
    2309-1088
    Pojawia się w:
    Academicus International Scientific Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Humility and Inquiry: A Response to Tibor Solymosi
    Autorzy:
    Tschaepe, Mark
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Tematy:
    neuropragmatism
    inquiry
    humility
    pragmatism
    affordances
    democracy
    social media
    technology
    Opis:
    In his essay, “Affording our Culture: “Smart” Technology and the Prospects for Creative Democracy,” Tibor Solymosi addresses my challenge for neuropragmatism to counter what I have elsewhere called dopamine democracy. Although I believe that Solymosi has begun to provide an explanation for how neuropragmatism may counter dopamine democracy, especially with his conceptions Œ and cultural affordances, I respond with a helpful addition to his approach by returning to the theory of inquiry as put forth by John Dewey. In particular, I focus on the phases of inquiry as colored by Dewey’s concept of humility. Solymosi does not pay adequate attention to the function of inquiry necessary for combatting dopamine democracy. His account of cultural affordances and education is strengthened by using Dewey’s concept of humility as a guiding disposition for neuropragmatic inquiry. Recognizing humility as an instrument of neuropragmatic inquiry provides us with a tool to better address the pitfalls of dopamine democracy, especially misinformation and incentive salience. My argument proceeds by first articulating dopamine democracy as a problem and Solymosi’s concept of cultural affordances and how he understands these as neuropragmatic tools to address the problem through education. I present humility as an instrumental concept derived from Dewey’s work on inquiry. I then suggest how humility may serve neuropragmatic inquiry to assist in combatting the problems of dopamine democracy.
    Źródło:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 1(7); 122-133
    2544-302X
    Pojawia się w:
    Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Demokracja i wartości w wychowaniu. O epistemologicznym statusie doświadczenia w pragmatyzmie
    Democracy and values in education. On the epistemological status of experience in pragmatism
    Autorzy:
    Waga, Leszek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/428672.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    experience
    democracy
    values
    pragmatism
    social behaviorism
    doświadczenie
    demokracja
    wartości
    pragmatyzm
    behawioryzm społeczny
    Opis:
    The importance of experience in education in the postulates of pragmatism pedagogy is widely known. John Dewey has extensively elaborated on the problem. The purpose of the article is to answer the question about the limits to the use of experience in the process of education. The answer to the question lies in the epistemological question of the relationship between experience and theory. The first section refers to the most important issues relating to the concepts of experience, democracy and values in education. The second section describes the role of experience in pragmatism in the context of behaviorism, social behaviorism in particular. The third section outlines epistemological discussions on the status of experience in knowledge creation. The last section attempts to answer the primary question about the limits to the possible use of experience in the process of education.
    Znaczenie doświadczenia w wychowaniu w postulatach pedagogiki pragmatyzmu jest powszechnie znane. Wiele miejsca tej problematyce poświęcił John Dewey. Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie o ograniczenia w wykorzystywaniu doświadczenia w procesie wychowania. Odpowiedź na to pytanie jest wpisana w epistemologiczne zagadnienie relacji między doświadczeniem a teorią. W pierwszym punkcie są przywołane najważniejsze kwestie dotyczące pojęć doświadczenia, demokracji i wartości w wychowaniu. W drugim punkcie opisana jest rola doświadczenia w pragmatyzmie w kontekście behawioryzmu, zwłaszcza behawioryzmu społecznego. W trzecim punkcie przedstawione są w skrócie epistemologiczne dyskusje nad statusem doświadczenia w tworzeniu wiedzy. W ostatniej części zaprezentowana jest próba odpowiedzi na główne pytanie o ograniczenia w posługiwaniu się doświadczeniem w procesie wychowania.
    Źródło:
    Studia z Teorii Wychowania; 2019, 4 (29); 29-45
    2083-0998
    2719-4078
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia z Teorii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Concepts of pedagogy as an applied philosophy: Paul Natorp, John Dewey and Sergius Hessen
    Autorzy:
    Hanuszkiewicz, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437438.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii
    Tematy:
    pedagogy and philosophy
    neo‐Kantianism
    pragmatism
    humanistic pedagogy
    social pedagogy
    educational community
    reconstruction
    work
    creativity
    social critique
    Opis:
    Paul Natorp, John Dewey and Sergius Hessen are usually considered to represent three different philosophical and pedagogical doctrines developed at the turn of the Twentieth century. These are, respectively: neo‐Kantianism, pragmatism and humanistic pedagogy widely rooted in Wil‐ helm Dilthey’s philosophy. Contrary to this common classification, Hessen himself described his own concept of pedagogy as an applied philosophy as a continuation of Natorp’s thought. However, Hessen also noted that an approach very similar to his one can be found (with some restrictions) in John Dewey’s theory. In this case, the fundamental issue is to determine the relationship between philosophy and pedagogical theory and practise. The main part of this article will identify the specificity of this relationship: the specificity implied by the concept of pedagogy understood as applied philosophy. The concept of pedagogy, understood as an applied philosophy in its theoretical and practical aspects, is the basis for critical reconstruction of social life in general. It is the opinion shared by all three philosophers that this type of reconstruction should be based on the communal dimension of basic social interactions, that is, on the communal dimension of work. The only way for the renewal of a different form of social life leads through regaining through them an essential communal dimension of human work. All three authors agreed that to regain the communal dimension of human work by another form of social interaction would only be possible when certain conditions are present; that is, when work will be permeated by individual creativity. The presence of such conditions shall be ensured by the educational community. Thus, the educational community should be a starting and end point for any critical social reconstruction as well as for the pedagogy understood as an applied philosophy.
    Źródło:
    ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal; 2019, 9, 2; 201-223
    2083-6635
    2084-1043
    Pojawia się w:
    ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ethnographic Trailblazers: Herodotus, Thucydides and Xenophon
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Burk, Matthew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138659.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Ethnography
    Classical Greek
    Herodotus
    Thucydides
    Xenophon
    Symbolic Interaction
    Anthropology
    History
    Pragmatism
    Generic Social Process
    Opis:
    While ethnographic research is often envisioned as a 19th or 20th century development in the social sciences (Wax 1971; Prus 1996), a closer examination of the classical Greek literature (circa 700-300BCE) reveals at least three authors from this era whose works have explicit and extended ethnographic qualities. Following a consideration of “what constitutes ethnographic research,” specific attention is given to the texts developed by Herodotus (c484-425BCE), Thucydides (c460-400BCE), and Xenophon (c430-340BCE). Classical Greek scholarship pertaining to the study of the human community deteriorated notably following the death of Alexander the Great (c384-323BCE) and has never been fully approximated over the intervening centuries. Thus, it is not until the 20th century that sociologists and anthropologists have more adequately rivaled the ethnographic materials developed by these early Greek scholars. Still, there is much to be learned from these earlier sources and few contemporary social scientists appear cognizant of (a) the groundbreaking nature of the works of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Xenophon and (b) the obstacles that these earlier ethnographers faced in developing their materials. Also, lacking awareness of (c) the specific materials that these scholars developed, there is little appreciation of the particular life-worlds depicted therein or (d) the considerable value of their texts as ethnographic resources for developing more extended substantive and conceptual comparative analysis.  Providing accounts of several different peoples’ life-worlds in the eastern Mediterranean arena amidst an extended account of the development of Persia as a military power and related Persian-Greek conflicts, Herodotus (The Histories) provides Western scholars with the earliest, sustained ethnographic materials of record. Thucydides (History of the Peloponnesian War) generates an extended (20 year) and remarkably detailed account of a series of wars between Athens and Sparta and others in the broader Hellenistic theater. Xenophon’s Anabasis is a participantobserver account of a Greek military expedition into Persia. These three authors do not exhaust the ethnographic dimensions of the classical Greek literature, but they provide some particularly compelling participant observer accounts that are supplemented by observations and open-ended inquiries. Because the three authors considered here also approach the study of human behavior in ways that attest to the problematic, multiperspectival, reflective, negotiated, relational, and processual nature of human interaction, contemporary social scientists are apt to find instructive the rich array of materials and insights that these early ethnographers introduce within their texts. Still, these are substantial texts and readers are cautioned that we can do little more in the present statement than provide an introduction to these three authors and their works.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2010, 6, 3; 3-28
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Religious Beliefs, Practices, and Representations as Humanly Enacted Realities: Lucian (circa 120-200) Addresses Sacrifices, Death, Divinity, and Fate
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Religion
    Pragmatism
    Symbolic Interactionism
    Social Constructionism
    Sociology of Religion
    Lucian of Samosata
    Fate and Agency
    Greek Olympian Gods
    Opis:
    Lucian of Samosata (circa 120-200) may be primarily envisioned as a poet-philosopher from the classical Roman era. However, the material he develops on religion not only anticipates important aspects of contemporary pragmatist/constructionist approaches to the sociology of religion but also provides some particularly compelling insights into religion as a humanly engaged realm of reality. Following an introduction to a pragmatist approach to the study of religion, this paper presents a synoptic overview of several of Lucian’s texts on religion. In addition to the significance of Lucian’s materials for comprehending an era of Roman and Greek civilization, as well as their more general sources of intellectual and aesthetic stimulation, these texts also provide an array of valuable transhistorical reference points and alert scholars in the field of religion to some ways in which the study of religion could be more authentically approached within the social sciences. The paper concludes with a consideration of the affinities of Lucian’s depictions of religion with pragmatist, interactionist, and associated approaches as this pertains to the study of religion as a realm of human involvement.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2015, 11, 4; 6-37
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Redefining the Sociological Paradigm: Emile Durkheim and the Scientific Study of Morality
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623493.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Emile Durkheim
    Theory
    Sociology
    Morality
    Pragmatism
    German Social Realism
    Wilhelm Wundt
    Ethics
    Folk Psychology
    Aristotle
    History
    Symbolic Interaction
    Opis:
    Whereas Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) has long been envisioned as a structuralist, quantitative, and positivist sociologist, some materials that Durkheim produced in the later stages of his career-namely, Moral Education (1961 [1902-1903]), The Evolution of Educational Thought (1977 [1904-1905]), The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (1915 [1912]), and Pragmatism and Sociology (1983 [1913-1914]) attest to a very different conception of sociology-one with particular relevance to the study of human knowing, acting, and interchange. Although scarcely known in the social sciences, Emile Durkheim’s (1993 [1887]) “La Science Positive de la Morale en Allemagne” [“The Scientific Study of Morality in Germany”] is an exceptionally important statement for establishing the base of much of Durkheim’s subsequent social thought and for comprehending the field of sociology more generally. This includes the structuralist-pragmatist divide and the more distinctively humanist approach to the study of community life that Durkheim most visibly develops later (1961 [1902-1903]; 1977 [1904-1905]; 1915 [1912]; 1983 [1913-1914]) in his career.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 1; 6-34
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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