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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Coping with the Dragon: Small States of South Asia and Their Foreign Policy Responses to Chinas Rise
    Autorzy:
    Khondoker, Robayt
    Zaman, Rashed Uz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2092258.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
    Tematy:
    South Asia
    small states
    China
    India
    foreign policy
    Opis:
    The extraordinary rise of China is one of the most remarkable events of the 21st century and it has attracted tremendous interest in international politics. Yet, the ways in which the small states in South Asia strategically respond to the changes in the systemic structure have largely been neglected in traditional literature. This article seeks to fill this gap by systematically analysing the types and causes of strategies undertaken by three small states in South Asia in order to respond to China's rise. Empirically, it focuses on the contentious regional dyads in South Asia and its maritime domain, exploring how structural, behavioural, and past experiences shape the way in which Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives respond to a rising China and the regional power politics. This article concludes that the small states in South Asia are neither bandwagoning nor balancing China, as structural realism assumes. Instead, these states have adopted a form of a 'hedging' strategy where they do not merely act as Lilliputians in Gulliver's world, but they maximise opportunities that a rising China offers these countries of South Asia.
    Źródło:
    Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2020, 56, 2; 85-110
    0209-0961
    Pojawia się w:
    Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The economic growth of small states and small economies in regional economic organizations and integrations: similarities and differences
    Autorzy:
    Kurečić, Petar
    Luša, Đana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628702.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    small states, small economies, economic growth, regional economic organizations and integrations, gross domestic product (GDP)
    Opis:
    The authors examine the effect of membership of small states in regional economic organizations and integrations on the growth of GDP. The aim is to use cost-benefi t analysis to answer the question of whether small states, and also small economies, achieve greater economic growth through regional economic organizations and integrations than those small states that are not small economies. Small states, as the subjects of research work, have beenchosen precisely because of their size, here defi ned by quantitative criteria, but taking into account that relational criteria are very important for their positioning in international relations, such as greater exposure to external infl uences and their dependence on membership in regional economic organizations and integrations. The GDP of small states, in an attempt to answer the hypothesis, was followed for a period of twenty years. Characteristics thatdepend on regional affi liation of small states, as well as the similarities and differences between small states which are members of the same regional economic organizations/integrations, were also the subject of this paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2014, 5, 1; 261-284
    2081-1640
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Education Culture and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Economic Vulnerability of Small Powers
    Autorzy:
    Zoidze, Gia
    Abuselidze, George
    Veshapidze, Shota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341145.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
    Tematy:
    small states
    economic freedom
    national security
    GDP per capita
    political instability
    Opis:
    The purpose of this article is to identify the national security challenges of a small state, to highlight their external and internal aspects; based on the research, develop a rational economic and political strategy for small powers. The paper is based on the analysis and synthesis of various fundamental literature and specific statistical data. The paper draws conclusions using causeand-effect relationships of facts. Important conclusions and recommendations are presented on key issues and challenges around small countries. This article concerns countries with small powers and their essential features – especially security, economic development, political stability, and foreign policy. It is also well understood today that threats of a military and nonmilitary nature are closely linked and that the aggravation of one leads to the aggravation of another. The systemic approach has taken root in the study of security issues, which involves discussing not just one but all of the potential threats in relation to one another and in one another’s context. The results of this study indicate that no matter how flexible a small country’s foreign policy is and how quickly it responds to changing conditions and events, it must still define its own strategic goal and make strategic choices. In determining its own national security priorities and foreign policy strategy, a small country must be more precise and infallible than a strong one. A small state that makes the wrong choice in its survival strategy is usually doomed.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2023, 13, 3; 1-12
    2084-0497
    2451-2249
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of sports and music in public diplomacy: the case of Kosovo
    Autorzy:
    Labinot, Hajdari,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/894644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-11-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    public diplomacy
    small states
    nation branding
    sports and music diplomacy
    Kosovo
    image
    Opis:
    Rola sportu i muzyki w dyplomacji publicznej na przykładzie Kosowa Niniejszy artykuł omawia wpływ sportu i muzyki na dyplomatyczną pozycję Kosowa. Mimo, że Kosowo jest młodym państwem, które stara się o uznanie polityczne i dopiero buduje relacje dyplomatyczne, to już zyskało popularność dzięki światowym sukcesom jego obywateli w sporcie i muzyce. Analiza międzynarodowych mediów wykazała, że istnieje znaczna korelacja między sukcesem poszczególnych osób w zmianie podejścia dyplomatycznego wobec Kosowa a redefinicją ograniczeń wobec jego obywateli. Ponadto, liczne sukcesy we wspomnianych dziedzinach przyczyniły się do poprawy wizerunku państwa na arenie międzynarodowej. Na przykładzie Kosowa zaprezentowano w jaki sposób dyplomacja sportowa i kulturalna odniosła większy sukces niż dyplomacja klasyczna.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Europejski; 2019, 3; 189-203
    1641-2478
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Europejski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The total defence snap link for national resistance: territorial defence forces – the Swiss example
    Autorzy:
    Stringer, Kevin D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165711.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    total defence
    resistance
    territorial defence forces
    small states
    levée en masse
    national redoubt
    Opis:
    For nations facing expansionist and revisionist neighbours such as Russia or China, a total defence approach provides a mechanism to protect both territorial integrity and political sovereignty. A key component for any effective total defence concept is volunteer, citizen- soldier territorial defence forces (TDF). This paper emphasises the role these territorial formations play as the critical snap link between the military and civilian population in such a national defence strategy. The territorial defence forces, like the snap link in mountaineering, connect the military to the civilian population in a way to ensure popular support for national resistance efforts. The article offers the historical example of Switzerland as an exemplar of total defence from 1939 to 1991 and demonstrates the role its citizen-soldier forces played in linking the population to overall resistance efforts. This Swiss historical experience provides three main concepts for consideration today: (1) the creation of a government directed and functional levée en masse that mobilizes the entire population to support total defence; (2) the establishment of a national redoubt or refuge, either in-country or abroad, to provide sanctuary for the resistance movement; (3) and the organisation of specialised, multi-crisis capable territorial units for the full range of total defence missions.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVIII, 3; 237-246
    1899-6264
    2451-0718
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Norway’s Attitudes to European Integration Within Foreign Policy: Dilemmas of Non-EU European States in the Light of Developing the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy
    Autorzy:
    Koba, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1053781.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
    Tematy:
    norway
    the european union
    common foreign and security policy
    european free trade association
    the nordics
    foreign policy
    small states
    Opis:
    Taking Norway as an example and a point of departure, this article looks at the ways in which the EFTA countries tackled dilemmas connected with the necessity to safeguard their interests in foreign policy against the background of the developing integration in foreign policy between the EC and, later, the EU members. The author argues that Norway, as a non-EU European country, consistently pursued a strategy typical for a ‘small country’ of the Nordic region vis-à-vis the ongoing integration of the EC/EU in the area of foreign affairs. After the end of the Cold War, Norway faced a potential threat of declining interest of the transatlantic community and the NATO in the Northern area. The EU enlargement in 1995 considerably limited the possibilities for Norway to coordinate foreign policy with other Nordic countries. For these reasons, Norway supported the development of the EU’s CFSP/CSDP as a tool complementary to the NATO in order to enhance its security. Institutionally, it chose a pragmatic model of selected approximation to the EU’s foreign and defence policy, especially for political dialogue, declarations, sanctions, as well as the CDSP’s civilian and military operations.
    Źródło:
    Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2020, 56, 1; 25-38
    0209-0961
    Pojawia się w:
    Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The right place. Solid waste management in the Republic of Maldives: between infrastructural measures and local practices
    Autorzy:
    Malatesta, Stefano
    Friedberg, Marcella Schmidt di
    Pecorelli, Valeria
    Pietro, Andrea Di
    Cajiao, M. Angelica
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036013.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
    Tematy:
    Waste management
    Small Island States
    Maldives
    local scale
    “informal” practices
    public space care
    Opis:
    The 2010 UNPD’s Assessment of Development Results defined the Maldives “a vulnerable Small Island Developing State” by pointing out the influence of both external and local human factors on their fragile ecosystems. This impact is deeply related to a main geographical feature: the high dispersion of land mass and population, both of them spread over a distance of 860 km. Above all, this dispersion has an effect on two environmental issues: energy distribution and solid waste management. The latter is particularly interesting for the geographical analysis of Small Island Countries. Due to centre-periphery distance and cost benefits analysis, in the Maldives public and private actors have developed different solid waste management models: central and regional waste management dumpsites, hybrid systems implemented by resorts and “informal” practices still followed by local communities. In this paper, we discuss these systems stressing on the relevance of combining infrastructural measures with “informal” practices at local level. Furthermore, we report the outcomes of The Right Place, a participatory waste management action carried out by MaRHE Center (a Milano- Bicocca Research Center) in Faafu Magoodhoo Island.
    Źródło:
    Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2015, 19, 2; 25-32
    0867-6046
    2084-6118
    Pojawia się w:
    Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling of Quadratic-Surface Sludge Digesters by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) – Finite Element (FE) Methods
    Autorzy:
    Tota-Maharaj, Kiran
    Nounu, Ghassan
    Ramroop, Navin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
    Tematy:
    hydraulic infrastructure
    Egg-shaped reactors
    quadric-surfaced sludge digesters
    shell structures
    Small Island Developing States
    SIDS
    Opis:
    The quadric-surfaced sludge digester (QSD), also known as the egg-shaped sludge digester, has proven its advantages over traditional cylindrical digesters recently. A reduction in operational cost is the dominant factor. Its shell can be described as a revolution of a parabola with the apex and base being either tapered or spherical. This shape provides a surface free of discontinuities, which is advantageous regarding the efficiency during mixing. Since the shape does not produce areas of inactive fluid motion within the tank, sludge settlement and an eventual grit build-up are avoided. The stresses developed in the shell of the sludge digester, vary along the meridian and equatorial diameters. A non-dimensional parameter, , defines the height-to-diameter aspect ratio which is used to delineate the parametric boundary conditions of the shell’s surface. Three groups of analyses were conducted to determine the orthogonal stresses in the shell of the QSD. The first-principles numerical models ran reasonably quickly, and many simulations were made during the study. The results showed that they were in within the range 5.34% to 7.2% to 2D FEA results. The 3D FEA simulation results were within the range of 8.3% to 9.2% to those from the MATLAB time-history models. This is a good indicator that the first principles numerical models are an excellent time-saving method to predict the behaviour of the QSD under seismic excitation. Upon examining the criteria for the design, analysing the results for the 2D FEA simulations showed that the fill height is not a significant variable with sloshing however the 3D FEA showed that the hydrostatic pressure is a significant variable. With the maximum tensile stress of the 3D-printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)-a common thermoplastic polymer typically used for injection molding applications, being 24.4 MPa, the overall maximum stress of 5.45 MPa, the material can be a viable option for the use of QSD construction in small island developing states (SIDS).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2020, 67, 1-4; 35-53
    1231-3726
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Dary mogą czasami drogo kosztować”. Kulisy polityki Belgii wobec akcji pomocowej UNRRA
    ‘Gifts Can Sometimes Cost Dearly’. The Inside Story of Belgium’s Policy towards UNRRA Relief Operations
    Autorzy:
    Łaptos, Józef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233754.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    Policy of the Belgian government-in-exile
    international aid
    policy of small states towards the Big Four
    threats to the integrity of post-war Belgium
    polityka rządu belgijskiego na emigracji
    pomoc międzynarodowa
    polityka małych państw wobec wielkiej czwórki
    zagrożenia dla integralności powojennej Belgii
    Opis:
    Artykuł jest pierwszą próbą wyjaśnienia roli i postawy belgijskiego rządu na emigracji w dyskusji nad zadaniami i funkcjami międzynarodowej organizacji mającej help the people to help themselves, jak zapowiadali twórcy UNRRA. Pełne poparcie propozycji przez Belgów wydawało się oczywiste z racji zachowanej we wdzięcznej pamięci akcji Committee for Relief in Belgium podczas I wojny światowej. Autor pokazuje, dlaczego tym razem polityka rządu była inna, mówi o obawach, jakie rząd podzielał, oraz omawia rozwiązania uznane za odpowiadające belgijskiej racji stanu.
    The article is the first attempt to explain the role and attitude of the Belgian government-in-exile in the discussion on the tasks and functions of international organizations trying to ‘help the people to help themselves’, as announced by the founders of United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). The full support of the proposal by the Belgians seemed evident due to the action of the Committee for Relief in Belgium during World War I, which was kept in grateful memory. The article reveals why the government’s policy was different this time, what fears drove it, and what solutions were considered more appropriate to the Belgian raison d’état.
    Źródło:
    Dzieje Najnowsze; 2022, 54, 3; 85-108
    0419-8824
    Pojawia się w:
    Dzieje Najnowsze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ad hoc properties and locations in Maltese
    Autorzy:
    Dalmi, Gréte
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040169.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    ad hoc vs. habitual properties
    alternative states
    accessible worlds
    rich structure small clauses
    cyclic Agree
    Opis:
    This paper aims to show that the four-way BE-system of Maltese can best be accommodated in a theory of non-verbal predication that builds on alternative states, without making any reference to the Davidsonian spatio-temporal event variable. The existing theories of non-verbal predicates put the burden of explaining the difference between the ad hoc vs. habitual interpretations either solely on the non-verbal predicate, by postulating an event variable in their lexical layer (see Kratzer 1995; Adger and Ramchand 2003; Magri 2009; Roy 2013), or solely on the copular or non-copular primary predicate, which contains an aspectual operator or an incorporated abstract preposition, responsible for such interpretive differences (Schmitt 2005, Schmitt and Miller 2007, Gallego and Uriagereka 2009, 2011, Marín 2010, Camacho 2012). The present proposal combines Maienborn’s (2003, 2005a,b, 2011) discourse-semantic theory of copular sentences with Richardson’s (2001, 2007) analysis of non-verbal adjunct predicates in Russian, based on alternative states. Under this combined account, variation between the ad hoc vs. habitual interpretations of non-verbal predicates is derived from the presence or absence of a modal OPalt operator that can bind the temporal variable of non-verbal predicates in accessible worlds, in the sense of Kratzer (1991). In the absence of this operator, the temporal variable is bound by the T0 head in the standard way. The proposal extends to non-verbal predicates in copular sentences as well as to argument and adjunct non-verbal predicates in non-copular sentences.
    Źródło:
    Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2015, 1; 64-85
    2450-5188
    Pojawia się w:
    Linguistics Beyond and Within
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Asymptotic behaviour of a discrete dynamical system generated by a simple evolutionary process
    Autorzy:
    Karcz-Dulęba, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907236.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    ewolucja fenotypowa
    dynamika populacji
    populacja mała
    zachowanie asymptotyczne
    phenotypic evolution
    population dynamics
    small populations
    asymptotic behaviour
    space of population states
    Opis:
    A simple model of phenotypic evolution is introduced and analysed in a space of population states. The expected values of the population states generate a discrete dynamical system. The asymptotic behaviour of the system is studied with the use of classical tools of dynamical systems. The number, location and stability of fixed points of the system depend on parameters of a fitness function and the parameters of the evolutionary process itself. The influence of evolutionary process parameters on the stability of the fixed points is discussed. For large values of the standard deviation of mutation, fixed points become unstable and periodical orbits arise. An analysis of the periodical orbits is presented.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2004, 14, 1; 79-90
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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