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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 48
Tytuł:
Between shrinking and blooming: the crossroad of small towns’ urbanisation in Hungary
Autorzy:
Pirisi, Gábor
Trócsányi, András
Makkai, Bernadett
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
differentiation
Hungary
shrinking
small towns
Opis:
The authors present an overview about small towns’ urbanisation in Hungary. Following the specific aspects and factors of their urbanisation in the last centuries, the authors conclude that 20 years after the political and economic transition, small towns arrived at a crossroads in their development. Suffering the effects of demographic change and an outflow of young adults, almost every typical, traditional small town has been shrinking since at least the last decade. This crisis is more intensive than the overall decrease of the population number in Hungary. Only atypical small towns have been able to increase their population. Behind the crisis of typical small towns, the paper defines some possible factors, including the delayed effects of transition, the re-evaluation of small towns in the globalising, network-based economy and the actual reduction of the state’s spatial functions and presence. Although some niche-based strategies are open for success, for the majority of small towns the question still remains open: what new functions and attributes could make them attractive and successful in the 21st century?
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica; 2015, 8 Small Towns’ Development Problems; 12-28
2084-5456
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normal subspaces in products of two ordinals
Autorzy:
Kemoto, Nobuyuki
Nogura, Tsugunori
Smith, Kerry
Yajima, Yukinobu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205463.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
(collectionwise) normal
shrinking
product space
Opis:
Let λ be an ordinal number. It is shown that normality, collectionwise normality and shrinking are equivalent for all subspaces of $(λ+1)^2$.
Źródło:
Fundamenta Mathematicae; 1996, 151, 3; 279-297
0016-2736
Pojawia się w:
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Process of Shrinkage as a Challenge to Urban Governance
Autorzy:
Stryjakiewicz, Tadeusz
Jaroszewska, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1052788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
shrinking cities
urban governance
regeneration strategies
Opis:
For many decades most researchers, planners and local authorities have been focusing almost exclusively on urban growth and its socio-economic and spatial consequences. However, in the current debate concerning the future of cities and regions in Europe the process of their shrinkage starts to attract more attention. In the conditions of a declining population, urban governance is an important challenge for local authorities, being usually much more difficult than during the periods of population growth. The experience of cities affected by shrinkage shows that there is no simple method of counteracting negative consequences of this process. Regeneration strategies vary a lot, depending mostly on the way the problem is perceived by both central and local governments. The strategies can either choose an adaptive approach (the acceptance of shrinkage and adjustment to it), or attempt to renew growth (shrinkage is treated as just a temporary phenomenon). Quite often the problem is ignored and no action is taken at all. In the paper the authors discuss the conditions and consequences of different approaches towards the process of shrinkage and present examples of regeneration strategies (together with their assessment). They conclude with recommendations for future urban policies.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2016, 35, 2; 27-37
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microbial Leaching of Chromium From Solidified Waste Forms – a Kinetic Study
Autorzy:
Ayyappan, C. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Thiobacillus thiooxidans
microbial degradation
shrinking core model
Opis:
In this study, Thiobacillus thiooxidans (T. thiooxidans) was used to study the microbial stability / degradation of cement-based waste forms. The waste forms contained a chromium salt (CrCl3·6H2O), cement and other additives viz., lime and gypsum in two different proportions. The experimental samples of all the simulated waste forms showed evidence of microbial growth as indicated by substantial increase in sulfate. Chromium leached from the waste forms was found to be lowest in cement – lime solidified waste forms (0.061 mg·1-1) and highest in cement gypsum waste forms (0.22 mg·1-1) after 30 days of exposure. These values were lower than the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), regulatory limit (5 mg·1-1). Model equations based on two shrinking core models (acid dissolution and bulk diffusion model), were used to analyze the kinetics of microbial degradation of cement based waste forms. The bulk diffusion model was observed to fit the data better than the acid dissolution model, as indicated by good correlation coefficients.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 3; 36-42
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adsorption of Zn(II) ions from aqueous environment by surface modified Strychnos potatorum seeds, a low cost adsorbent
Autorzy:
Senthil, Kumar P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949520.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
adsorption
isotherms
kinetics
shrinking core model
Zn(II)
Opis:
The surface modified Strychnos potatorum seeds (SMSP), an agricultural waste has been developed into an effective adsorbent for the removal of Zn(II) ions from aqueous environment. The Freundlich model provided a better fit with the experimental data than the Langmuir model as revealed by a high coefficient of determination values and low error values. The kinetics data fitted well into the pseudo-second order model with the coefficient of determination values greater than 0.99. The influence of particle diffusion and film diffusion in the adsorption process was tested by fitting the experimental data with intraparticle diffusion, Boyd kinetic and Shrinking core models. Desorption experiments were conducted to explore the feasibility of regenerating the spent adsorbent and the adsorbed Zn(II) ions from spent SMSP was desorbed using 0.3 M HCl with the efficiency of 93.58%. The results of the present study indicates that the SMSP can be successfully employed for the removal of Zn(II) ions from aqueous environment.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2013, 15, 3; 35-41
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of the reaction between dolomite and nitric acid
Autorzy:
Pultar, Martin
Vidensky, Jan
Sedlarova, Ivona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dolomite
nitric acid
kinetics
dissolution
shrinking core model
Opis:
This paper is focused on the kinetics of the reaction between natural dolomite and diluted solutions of nitric acid at various temperatures. All experiments were carried out in a semi-batch reactor with an approximately constant nitric acid concentration using the pH-stat titration method. The reaction was studied in the temperature range from 293 to 353 K and the nitric acid concentration in the range from 0.001 to 0.200 mol dm-3. The strong effects of both temperature and nitric acid concentration were observed. The determined fractional values of the apparent reaction order (0.39 to 0.75) indicate a very complex reaction mechanism. In the studied concentration range, the values of the apparent activation energy increase from 30 to 58 kJ mol-1. Based on these data it can be assumed that the reaction takes place in the transitional regime with the stronger influence of chemical reaction. This assumption was verified by calculation of the nitric acid concentration on the surface of the dolomite grain using Sherwood criterion equation. The change in the role of the rate-controlling step was found for highly diluted solutions (< 0.010 mol dm-3 HNO3).
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2019, 55, 2; 370-379
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A cooltural river in the capital of culture
Coolturalna rzeka w stolicy kultury
Autorzy:
Adamiczka, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Wrocław
European Capital of Culture
river
Odra
shrinking cities
Opis:
Nowadays, making cities more attractive is becoming increasingly important. Cities are shrinking, which contributes to many other problems major cities are currently facing. Local governments try to mitigate their negative effects by making their cities more attractive to the young. One of the ways of doing so, is to utilize already possessed resources. In this short article, the author analyzes the promotion of the river Odra during the European capital of culture held in Wroclaw in 2016 and compares it with river themed events organized during the previous year (2015). She also analyzes the river’s attractiveness to the young, as they are the city’s target group in terms of preventing Wroclaw’s shrinkage. She also concentrates on the phenomenon of shrinking cities. In conclusion, the article tries to prove that Wroclaw’s main river, the Odra, is utilized not only by governmental bodies but also private and individual initiatives. The young inhabitants of Wroclaw see and acknowledge its importance to the city, and what is more, it has become a place for everyone, regardless of age, gender or hobby. However, its media presence should be emphasized more in the future, during international festivals or cultural events such as the European Capital of Culture.
Źródło:
Biblioteka Regionalisty; 2016, 16; 7-16
2081-4461
Pojawia się w:
Biblioteka Regionalisty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does the process of shrinking concern also small towns? Lessons from Poland
Autorzy:
Bartosiewicz, Bartosz
Kwiatek-Sołtys, Agnieszka
Kurek, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
shrinking small towns
depopulation processes
demographic transformation of small towns
Opis:
The approach to the issue of shrinking cities is undergoing constant changes. Originally, this process was referred primarily to the progressing depopulation connected with a deteriorating economic situation. Presently, works on shrinking cities mainly focus on the challenges posed by the problem rather than the delimitation questions. Do the shrinking also apply to the situation of small towns, and if so, to what extent may small towns shrink? Being conscious of the multidimensional nature of the topic discussed, the authors took measures aimed at singling out a group of shrinking towns from the whole set of small towns in Poland. The identification of depopulating centres consisted in pointing to those shrinking both in terms of their demography and economy. This type of research gives rise to all types of methodological problems such as which tools should be used to measure town shrinking or which data should be selected for the research, an issue particularly important for small towns where the range of indicators available is rather limited. What conclusions may be drawn from the conducted analysis? Do small towns in Poland shrink? On the basis of the conducted research the answer is no. With regard to demography, the process of shrinking concerns only 30 towns (4.5%). And this group includes only four which additionally shrink in economic terms.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2019, 38, 4; 91-105
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS OF LITHUANIAN-POLISH BORDER REGION’S CITIES: THE SPECIFIC OF URBAN SHRINKAGE
Autorzy:
Bruneckienė, Jurgita
Sinkienė, Jolita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
shrinking cities
border region
economic competitiveness of cities
Lithuania – Poland
Opis:
The topic of “urban shrinkage” is receiving increasing attention in the political urban agendas of many countries. In the global market, cities, which suffer from consequences of urban decline, confront with new challenges in finding and applying creative solutions to strengthen their economic development and competitiveness. Shrinkage processes are especially widespread in the cities which are smaller and less attractive to live and work. The same tendencies are seen at national border regions. The article explains the general causes and consequences of urban shrinkage process emphasizing problems that have a direct impact on the improvement of urban economic competitiveness. The urban economic competitiveness evaluation methodology under the context of shrinkage is developed and its practical applicability is verified on the example of border cities. Various strategies of solving problems of shrinkage are overlooked. Recommendations to improve the economic development and competitiveness of Lithuanian-Polish cross border cities Alytus and Ełk in the context of urban shrinkage are introduced.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2015, 10, 4; 133-149
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in the number of population in large cities of Central and East-Central Europe
Autorzy:
Marszałek, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201881.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
big cities
shrinking cities
Central Europe
Central and Eastern Europe
Opis:
The aim of the article is to review the situation in terms of changes in the population of large cities in Central and East-Central Europe. Cities with a population above 300,000 inhabitants in 2004 were considered as large. The time frame of the analysis covers the period between 2004 and 2014. In total, the study involved 59 cities, of which in 31 an increase in the official number of inhabitants was recorded, and in 29 a decrease. It was found that the largest increase occurred mainly in the capital cities and in cities attractive to tourists, while the biggest decrease in post-industrial cities. At the regional level, the highest percentage of large cities with a decrease in the official population was recorded in the Baltic States, Poland and Ukraine
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2017, 7, 4; 57-63
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SHAH : Hash Function Based on Irregularly Decimated Chaotic Map
Autorzy:
Todorova, M.
Stoyanov, B.
Szczypiorski, K.
Kordov, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hash function
chaotic functions
Shrinking decimation rule
Pseudorandom number generator
Opis:
We present a new hash function based on irregularly decimated chaotic map, in this article. The hash algorithm called SHAH is based on two Tinkerbell maps filtered with irregular decimation rule. We evaluated the novel function using distribution analysis, sensitivity analysis, static analysis of diffusion, static analysis of confusion, and collision analysis. The experimental data show that SHAH satisfied valuable level of computer security.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 457-465
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shrinking municipalities and their budgetary revenues on the example of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland
Autorzy:
Wichowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19090949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
municipal budgets
local revenue
demography
aging of the population
shrinking cities
Opis:
Research background: Adverse demographic changes in many local administration units around the world lead to their shrinkage. These processes are usually accompanied by economic changes. The economic consequences of shrinkage can be assessed based on the budgetary revenues of local units, which are largely dependent on the local population and the demographic structure. Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to evaluate the shrinkage of Polish municipalities and the effects of population change on the budgetary revenues of local administration units. The analysis was conducted in selected municipalities of the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship, which is the least economically developed region in Poland. The analysis covered the period between 2012 and 2017. Methods: The shrinkage of municipalities was evaluated with the use of the methods proposed by the Shrinking Cities International Research Network (SCIRN). According to this methodology, a local unit shrinks when the annual decrease in population exceeds 0.15% for more than five consecutive years. The influence of demographic changes on the budgetary revenues of municipalities was evaluated with the use of linear correlation analysis (Pearson's r) as well as a survey conducted among municipal treasurers in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship.  Findings & Value added: Symptoms of shrinkage were described in selected municipalities of the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship. The presence of correlations between different categories of budgetary revenues and demographic changes was confirmed. The results of the study and the formulated practical recommendations constitute constructive inputs to the discussion on possible solutions to the analyzed problem. They can also be used in further research to analyze other aspects of municipal budgets (the consequences of depopulation for budgetary expenditures, municipal debt, etc.) or conduct comparisons with other regions in Poland and in the world.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2019, 10, 3; 419-432
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kurczące się miasta jako proces przemiany miast w świetle wybranych aspektów
Shrinking cities as a process of cities’ transformation in the light of selected aspects
Autorzy:
Jopek, Dorota
Musiał-Malago, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2056178.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
depopulacja
miasta kurczące się
regres miasta
depopulation
shrinking cities
city regress
Opis:
Opracowanie dotyczy miast o dużym ubytku liczby mieszkańców, który prowadzi do procesu ich wyludniania, nazywanego procesem kurczenia (ang. ‘shrinking cities’). W badaniach tych procesów najczęściej analizuje się aspekty demograficzne, społeczne i gospodarcze. Natomiast dopiero aspekty przestrzenne pozwalają na określenie specyfiki procesu kurczenia się danych ośrodków. Celem artykułu jest ocena wskaźników oraz zobrazowanie skali zróżnicowania procesu kurczenia się wybranych miast.
The study concerns cities with a large decline in the number of inhabitants, which leads to depopulation, called the ‘shrinking cities’. In the study of these processes, demographic, social and economic aspects are most often analyzed. However, only the spatial aspects allow defining the specificity of the shrinkage process of selected cities. The article aims to evaluate the indicators and illustrate the diversification scale of the shrinkage process of selected cities.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie; 2021, 49; 115--135
0079-3450
2450-0038
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Urban Scenarios: Sustainability Tools and Components for the Not-Growing Cities
Autorzy:
Granello, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/344821.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Krakowska im. Tadeusza Kościuszki. Wydział Architektury. Katedra Kształtowania Środowiska Mieszkaniowego
Tematy:
préverdissement
pre-greening
shrinking landscape
inteligentne miasto
zużycie ziemi
kurczenie krajobrazu
Opis:
Urban environment is a complex system made by buildings, green areas, empty spaces and city users: this mix through human perception becomes rules, proportions, and spaces. Economic crisis and the phenomena of the shrinking cities push us to face new problems: Is it possible to speak about urban composition without buildings? In addition, in the other hand, can we use un-useful buildings like empty box to build new compositions made by green structures, temporary public spaces and low cost function? The paper will present new tools and key examples in the field of architecture and urbanism facing the problem of the land consumption, resilient cities for the climate changes, and technical apparel for smart cities. The aim is to support the discussion of the regeneration of neglect urban tissues, through common management of the resources, not waiting for a new economic boom.
Źródło:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe; 2015, 15; 54-59
1731-2442
2543-8700
Pojawia się w:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of particle size on chalcocite dissolution kinetics in column leaching under controlled Eh and its implications
Autorzy:
Phyo, Htet Aung
Jia, Yan
Tan, Qiaoyi
Zhao, Shenggui
Liang, Xinxing
Ruan, Renman
Niu, Xiaopeng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1449094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
particle size
column leaching
chalcocite
shrinking core model
X-ray CT
Opis:
Natural high grade chalcocite samples were leached in column under controlled Eh, constant temperature and solution pH to investigate the effect of particle size on dissolution kinetics. Moreover, low grade ores of larger size fractions were leached in column using raffinate from the industrial heap as an irrigation solution to simulate the real heap conditions. The leaching rate of large particle sizes (31-200 mm) were very slow without inflection point which are normally present in the leaching of small particle sizes (0.054-31 mm). The effect of particle size was more remarkable in the dissolution of large particles than that of small particles during the first stage (<45% dissolution). However, the dissolution rate of the second stages (>45% dissolution) were not noticeably affected by the particle size. Results of kinetics analysis of leaching of small particles using shrinking core model indicated that the first stage was controlled by fluid diffusion and confirmed by the low activation energies (20.98 kJ/mol). The kinetics of second stage was controlled by chemical reaction and product layer diffusion and the later control became prominent with increasing particle size. Similarly, product layer diffusion was the rate-controlling step for the first and second stages of leaching of large particles. X-ray CT and SEMEDS studies observed the increasing numbers of cracks and porosity and the formation of sulfur layer on the surface of the residue samples. The findings in this study provided some useful implications to optimize the heap performance and understand the leaching behavior of large particles.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2020, 56, 4; 676-692
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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