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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Plantacje drzew i krzewów szybko rosnących w krajobrazie Polski
    Plantations of short rotation trees and shrub in the Polish landscape
    Autorzy:
    Antolak, M.
    Połucha, I.
    Jaszczak, A.
    Marks, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/88010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
    Tematy:
    plantacja
    drzewa szybko rosnące
    przekształcenia krajobrazu
    rośliny energetyczne
    województwo warmińsko-mazurskie
    plantation
    short rotation trees
    landscape transformation
    energy crops
    Province of Warmia and Mazury
    Opis:
    W Polsce można mówić obecnie o pewnego rodzaju modzie na plantacje drzew i krzewów szybko rosnących. Specjaliści z branży szacują, że do roku 2020 obszar plantacji może ulec znaczącemu powiększeniu od 1,0 do 4,3 milionów hektarów. Będzie to z pewnością powodowało bardzo wyraźne zmiany w krajobrazie rolniczym. Na plantacjach uprawia się coraz to nowe gatunki dostosowane do zróżnicowanych warunków siedliskowych, nadal dominują jednak na nich topole (Populus sp.) i wierzby (Salix sp.). Celem pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na konsekwencje upowszechniania nowej formy w krajobrazie rolniczym Polski, jakimi są plantacje drzew i krzewów szybko rosnących. W pracy przedstawiono podstawowe zagadnienia związane z plantacjami roślin drzewiastych. Zaprezentowano główne gatunki i definicje oraz na wybranych przykładach omówiono rolę plantacji w przemianach krajobrazu Polski. Do szczegółowych analiz wybrano dwa obiekty – plantację topolową w Szymbarku (gmina Iława) jako przykład negatywny oraz plantację wierzbową w Dorotowie (gmina Stawiguda) jako przykład pozytywny.
    It is justifiable to talk about some kind of fashion in today’s Poland for growing plantations of short rotation trees and shrubs. Experts estimate that the total area of such plantations may substantially increase and reach 1.0 – 4.3 million ha in 2020. This will certainly cause big changes in the agricultural landscape. New species of trees and shrubs are grown on short rotation woody plantations, which are better adapted to different habitat conditions, although the most popular plants are poplars (Populus sp.) and willow (Salix sp.). The aim of this article is to draw attention of the problem created by this new form of agricultural production in the rural landscape of Poland. The paper presents basic issues associated with plantations of woody crops. Main species and definitions have been given and a few examples discussed in detail to illustrate the role of plantations in the landscape transformations occurring in Poland. Two cases were chosen: a poplar plantation in Szymbark (commune of Iława) as a negative example, and a willow plantation in Dorotowo (commune of Stawiguda) as a positive one.
    Źródło:
    Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego; 2014, 25; 71-80
    1896-1460
    2391-5293
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Lasy odroślowe w Europie – tradycja, stan obecny i perspektywy
    Coppice forest in Europe – tradition, current status and prospects
    Autorzy:
    Gil, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986673.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka lesna
    gospodarstwa odroslowe
    uzytkowanie lasu
    lasy niskopienne
    Europa
    lasy odroslowe zob.lasy niskopienne
    simple coppice
    coppice with standards
    short rotation
    pollarding
    Opis:
    Coppice belongs to the oldest forestry models in Europe and is still cultivated in some regions. Despite the smaller productivity compared to high forests, coppice forests are important for protection of natural values, cultural heritage, production of small−sized timber, mitigation of climate changes, provision of non−wood products as well as providing a protective and recreational function. The most important forms of coppice management are simple coppice and coppice with standards. The varieties of the previous include short rotation coppice and selection coppice. In addition, there are two other management systems, that use vegetative regrowth of individual trees – pollarding and shredding. In 2000, the area of European forests and plantations regenerated in a vegetative way by stump shoots, stool shoots and suckers, amounted to about 23 million hectares (16% of the area of production forests). These forests consist of primarily native European trees species, but in some regions there are plantations of alien species, generally grown in short production cycles: eucalyptus, black locust and American poplar varieties. The paper analyzed the area of coppice forests in selected European countries. Our continent can be divided into three zones in terms of the use of coppice management system: Central Europe, Great Britain and Ireland (I), Mediterranean countries (II) and the Baltic countries, located north of Poland (III). The area of coppice forests in the majority of countries in zone I is small due to the process of their conversion to high forests, that has been progressing since the second half of the twentieth century. Coppice forests are of particular importance in the Mediterranean countries, where they are still a reservoir of biodiversity and an important source of wood and non−wood products. In zone III, due to the superiority of coniferous species in forests, there is no tradition of coppice management. On the other hand, there is growing interest in short rotation coppice for the production of biomass. Such attitude, currently observed in many European countries, is not only because of climate protection, but also of cultural tradition and biodiversity. That is why in some countries, the return to this traditional form of forest management is supported by the state. Coppice forests can be, especially for small private owners, a rational model of forest management.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 07; 555-562
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of composted sewage sludge on the wood yield of willow short rotation coppice. An Estonian case study
    Autorzy:
    Holm, B.
    Heinsoo, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    wood
    harvesting
    sewage sludge
    composted sewage sludges
    harvest cycles
    municipal sewage sludge
    short rotation coppice
    willow coppice
    drewno
    zbiór
    osady ściekowe
    kompostowanie osadów ściekowych
    cykle zbiorów
    komunalne osady ściekowe
    krótka rotacja
    wierzba
    Opis:
    The study assessed the effect of composted municipal sewage sludge on the wood yield of an experimental willow short rotation coppice (SRC) during the second harvest cycle. The mean values of BOD7, total N and total P met the legislative limits set to prevent groundwater pollution at the soil depth of 40 cm. We demonstrated that more productive plants of the first harvest cycle could lose that trait during the next. The second harvest cycle was more productive in terms of wood yield than the first for plants of both treatments. Sludge treated willows had significantly higher wood yield.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2013, 39, 1; 17-32
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przydatność hodowlana wybranych odmian topoli w plantacjach energetycznych o krótkim cyklu produkcji
    Silvicultural potential of selected poplar cultivars growing on short rotation plantations
    Autorzy:
    Niemczyk, M.
    Wojda, T.
    Kantorowicz, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989267.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    topola
    uprawa plantacyjna
    plantacje roslin energetycznych
    surowce energetyczne
    biomasa
    topola sekcji Aigeiros
    topola sekcji Tacamahaca
    przydatnosc hodowlana
    poplar
    energy plantation
    short rotation coppice
    biomass
    Opis:
    The use of biomass for energy purposes is an important European Union policy. In light of the restrictions concerning the use of the full−value wood from forests for energy purposes, short rotation forestry can become an alternative source of woody biomass. In this context, the most promising species is poplar (Populus spp.), productivity of which depends on various aspects such as plant spacing, cutting cycles, fertilization and cultivar characteristics. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of cultivation of ten selected poplar clones from the section Aigeiros and Tacamahaca in short−rotation coppice in the climatic conditions of Poland. An experiment was set up in the north−eastern part of Poland in the Wichrowo Forest District. Survival, tree stocking, and biomass yield were compared. Productivity of clones was examined in five−year cutting cycle. The highest dry biomass yield (7.8 t/ha/yr) was achieved by the clone 'Hybrida 275'. In contrary, the biomass yield of the worst clone ('AF−8') amounted to 2 t/ha/yr. Some other Italian clones, such as 'AF−6' and 'MON' were not able to adapt to the local conditions at all and were excluded from the experiment. Because of the need to implement the full economic analysis of short rotation poplar plantations, it would be important to study propagation ability of certain currently studied varieties of poplar in subsequent rotations and with different production cycle period length up to the end of biomass production on a given plantation. Resistance to diseases of energy poplar plantations should also be researched.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 04; 292-298
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass in tree sprouts of three dendroenergetic crops
    Autorzy:
    Ríos-Saucedo, J.C.
    Acuña-Carmona, E.
    Cancino-Cancino, J.
    Corral-Rivas, J.
    Rosales-Serna, R.
    Valenzuela-Núñez, L.M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078210.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    bio-energy
    short rotation
    Eucalyptus globulus
    Eucalyptus denticulata
    Acacia dealbata
    dummy variables
    Opis:
    Recurrent problems have been observed for biomass measurement in tree sprouts, mainly due to differences in patterns of biomass distribution and the bias generated by using models for mature trees. The objective of this research was to evaluate models to estimate aboveground biomass in sprouts from two-year-old stumps of Short Rotation Woody Crops (SRWC) used for energetic purposes. The study was conducted in Central Chile (Bío-Bío region) under a complete block design and four replications. Three plant species were included: Eucalyptus globulus, E. denticulata, and Acacia dealbata, established in three population densities (5,000, 10,000 and 15,000 trees per ha). Two groups of nonlinear models were used on three independent variables: root collar diameter (squared mean of two dominant stems), height (mean of two dominant stems) and number of epicormic stems. In the allometric model, the total aboveground biomass and the aboveground biomass by component were explained as the product of the mean square of the root collar diameter, mean height of the two dominant new sprouts and total number of epicormic sprouts as the predictive variable. Values of coefficient of determination (R2 ) ranged from 0.78 to 0.95 and RMSE ranged from 168 to 913 g. The species of E. globulus showed higher RMSE for biomass estimation in the all components except the branch component. The inclusion of dummy variables to identify the differences in each parameter of the models explained the seasonality of the biomass accumulation in tree sprouts at 10, 21, and 31 months of age, improving the model goodness of fit RMSE by 27%. Accurate prediction of sprouts aboveground biomass was obtained by the models only evaluating the two dominant epicormic sprouts in the stump, avoiding the need of individual sprouts evaluation or using destructive methods for biomass measurement.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2021, 85; 19-29
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Оценка баланса парниковых газов при получении возобновляемой биомассы с короткоцикловых энергетических плантаций ивы
    The assessment of greenhouse gases for biomass production from short rotation coppice energy willow plantations
    Autorzy:
    Rodzkin, A.
    Kostukevich, S.
    Tanaś, W.
    Szymanek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
    Tematy:
    emisja gazów cieplarnianych
    bioenergia
    wierzba
    Salix spp.
    greenhouse gas emissions
    bioenergy
    short rotation coppice
    willow
    Opis:
    Greenhouse gas control it is key aspect for climate protection. The positioning of corporations concerning greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) has changed profoundly in the past two decades. As climate regulation became inevitable, companies started adopting more proactive strategies. One of the effective methods for greenhouse gas emission calculation is based on life cycle analysis. A carbon footprint is defined as the sum of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an organization, event, or product and is expressed in terms of CO2 equivalents (CO2-e). Our investigations were devoted to greenhouse emission assessment during life cycle of willow wood production from short rotation coppice plantations. In accordance with results about 48% of carbon dioxide gas from all life cycle of willow was emitted during wood harvesting and transportation to energy plants. It is necessary to optimize the logistic scheme of willow wood harvesting and transportation for decreasing of greenhouse gas emission. The substitutions of fossil fuel by willow wood enable to save 11733 ton CO2-e from 30 hectares of willow plantation. The carbon tax for instance in Australia starting at AU$ 23 a ton of Carbon Dioxide equivalent (tCO2e). Thus, the substitute of fossil fuel by willow wood may have profit as for regional so and for local level of production.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2018, 63, 1; 69-74
    1642-686X
    2719-423X
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Predicting parameters of Weibull probability density function for diametric distributions in A. melanoxylon, E. camaldulensis and E. nitens bioenergy plantation
    Autorzy:
    Sandoval, S.
    Cancino, J.
    Acuña, E.
    Rubilar, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078270.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Short-rotation crops
    stocking
    seemingly unrelated regression
    parameters recovery
    biomass
    and bioenergy
    Opis:
    Precise modeling of stand diameter distributions is required to provide accurate estimates of volume per diameter class and unit area. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the most accurate probability density functions parameters estimates to predict stand diameter distribution in time. We evaluate two methods to estimate the parameters of the Weibull probability density function in the modeling of diameter distributions of bioenergy plantations. The methods considered a direct method of parameter prediction based on regression models (PPRM) and an indirect method of parameter recovery through the determi- nation of percentiles (PRDP). Both methods are considered systems of linear equations and are adjusted through simultaneous estimation of parameters using stand variables. The greatest precision was obtained with PPRM. The PRDP method was not effective in the prediction of diameter distributions due to the high level of truncation of the observed distributions showing an overestimation of the distribution for the largest diameter classes. Estimated parameters of the Weibull PDF are directly related to mean height, quadratic mean diameter, and crop age; and are inversely related to stocking
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2021, 86; 8-18
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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