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Tytuł:
„Shore to ship” system - an alternative electric power supply in port
Autorzy:
Borkowski, T.
Tarnapowicz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246496.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
alternative marine power
electric shore-side supply
auxiliary diesel engine
exhaust emission
Opis:
Greater interdependence and integration among the countries worldwide have resulted in the growth of the world trade and, what follows, marine transportation. In the last few years, despite the world economic stagnation, the number of ships has increased. An increase in the marine transportation means greater air pollution caused by ships, what is of paramount importance for the port cities. One of the efficient ways of limiting the negative impact of ships lying in ports on the environment is the power supply from the local electricity stations. This will allow for turning marine power generating systems off, what will result in the emission elimination in the ship’s mooring time along with the decrease of noise and vibrations. The infrastructure of the port electric installation necessary for the ships’ supply has to be designed so as to make the operating of different ship types possible. It is complicated as all over the world ships are equipped with different electric systems. The paper deals with general issues related to common nominal voltages and frequencies for vessels which call in European harbours and their estimated power demands. Additionally, a case study of a ferry vessel, currently undergoing retrofitting for shore connections, is presented and some particulars concerning technical solutions and environmental profits are described.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 49-58
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A flexible control strategy for shoreto- ship power system in terms of gridconnected and off-grid switch
Autorzy:
Ji, Z.
Zhao, Z.
Wang, J.
Lv, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
shore power supply
ship power system
virtual synchronous generator
flexible control
Opis:
There are promising application prospects for applying the shore power technology to the ships in the port for the purpose of pollution prevention. However, the grid-connection of the shore power supply to the ship power grid leads to current surges, damages the ship power consumption equipment, and results in the instability of the ship power grid system, which will seriously affect the reliability of the operation of the ship power grid system. In order to address this problem, the mathematical model of virtual synchronous generator is introduced in this paper. Then, a control method for the flexible grid-connection of the shore power supply to the ship power grid based on the virtual synchronous generator is proposed. Next, the output characteristics of the shore power supply are optimized to match the characteristics of the ship generator, which contributes to the flexible grid-connection of the shore power supply to the ship power grid system. The effectiveness and the feasibility of this method are verified by simulation and experiments.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2018, S 2; 139-148
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A quasi phase-resolving model of net sand transport and short-term cross-shore profile evolution
Autorzy:
Ostrowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
coastal zone
hydrodynamics
wave-current condition
cross-shore profile
Baltic Sea
evolution
modelling
sand transport
sediment transport
hydrodynamic impact
Opis:
A way of modelling of the net sediment transport rate on a cross-shore profile and the resulting sea bed changes is presented. In the sediment transport computations, a three-layer model with a description of the bedload based on the water-soil mixture theory by Kaczmarek& Ostrowski (1998, 2002) is used. The modelling system is applied to wave-current conditions variable over the cross-shore profile, and determined using the computational frameworkof Szmytkiewicz (2002a, b). The sediment transport module incorporates the asymmetric wave approaches as proposed by Ostrowski (2002). Model simulations have been produced for uniformly sloped and multi-bar initial cross-shore profiles. Some of the model results are compared with the IBW PAN (Institute of Hydroengineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences) field data collected at the Coastal Research Station in Lubiatowo.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2003, 45, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alternative study for the Nautical and Shore Protection Structures in the Estuary of Santos, Brazil
Autorzy:
Alfredini, P.
Arasaki, E.
Bernardino, J.C.M
Da Silva, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
nautical protection structures
shore protection
estuary ofsantos
Port of Santos
Santos Port Outer Access Channel
offshore bar
hydraulic laboratory
shoreline protection issues
Opis:
For the enlargement of the nautical dimensions of Santos Port Outer Access Channel (Brazil), training walls crossing the Offshore Bar are needed. The training walls choice to reduce dredging rates also induces to consider a coupling planning between nautical purposes and shore protection measures, as Santos Municipality have serious erosion problems nowadays due to the urban growth in the backshore and sea level rise. For decision support, the Hydraulic Laboratory of Engineering School of University of Sao Paulo was commissioned to study in a composite mathematical and scale model. Results include changes in wave height and direction and current speed analysis to conditions with training walls and segmented breakwaters. The water renewal was also analyzed to the condition with segmented breakwater and compared to current situation, based on hydrodynamics results and considering that this structure can reduce water quality in this area.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 2; 375-380
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza zdjęć lotniczych oraz wyników pomiarów geodezyjnych w badaniach dynamiki strefy brzegowej sztucznych zbiorników wodnych : zbiornik Jeziorsko, rzeka Warta
Using of the aerial photogrammetry and terrain measuring in monitoring shore zone of Jeziorsko Reservoir (Warta River, Central Poland)
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/295062.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
Tematy:
analiza zdjęć lotniczych
zbiornik zaporowy
dynamika strefy brzegowe
photogrammetry
dam reservoir
monitoring
dynamics of shore zone
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania połączonej analizy zdjęć lotniczych, wyników terenowych pomiarów geodezyjnych oraz technik DGIS, z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania środowiska GIS, w badaniach przekształceń strefy brzegowej zbiornika zaporowego Jeziorsko na Warcie. Metoda ta pozwoliła zrekonstruować stan strefy brzegowej zbiornika w końcowym etapie jego napełnienia, a następnie monitorować dynamikę jej rozwoju w różnych okresach funkcjonowania. Zbiornik Jeziorsko na rzece Warcie został utworzony w latach 1986-1992. Jest to drugi pod względem powierzchni i czwarty pod względem pojemności sztuczny zbiornik wodny w Polsce. Przy maksymalnym napełnieniu akwen ten ma 16 km długości, a jego pojemność wynosi 202,3 mln m3 . W tych warunkach długość brzegów zbiornika wynosi 44,3 km. Zdecydowana większość brzegów nieumocnionych jest aktywna, 67% ma charakter abrazyjny, a 7% akumulacyjny (Banach, Grobelska 2003). Brzegi zbiornika rozwijają się w obrębie silnie zaburzonych glacjalnych i fluwioglacjalnych utworów zlodowacenia środkowopolskiego oraz punktowo w iłach plioceńskich. Zbiornik Jeziorsko cechują wysokie, około 5-metrowe, roczne wahania stanów wody. W badaniach wykorzystano dwie serie zdjęć lotniczych, wykonane w 1991 i 2004 r., przy maksymalnych stanach wody w zbiorniku, ortofotomapę w skali 1:10 000 z 1996 r. oraz mapy topograficzne w skali 1:10 000 przedstawiające stan otoczenia zbiornika przed jego utworzeniem. Prowadzone od 2008 r. pomiary terenowe obejmowały powtarzalne, 2-3 razy w roku: w okresie wczesnowiosennym przy niskim stanie wody, w okresie późnowiosennym przy maksymalnym stanie wody i ponownie przy niskim stanie wody w okresie jesiennym, precyzyjne pomiary geodezyjne za pomocą tachymetru elektronicznego Wild TC 500 firmy Leica, odbiornika DGPS firmy Trimble oraz taśmy mierniczej w obrębie sieci założonych reperów. Otrzymane wyniki opracowano w oprogramowaniu ArcGIS, co pozwoliło na ich doprowadzenie do jednego układu współrzędnych i skali. Dla materiałów fotogrametrycznych po przetworzeniu uzyskano dokładność poziomą 0,5 m. Analiza materiałów fotogrametrycznych oraz pomiarów terenowych pozwoliła na wyliczenie średniego rocznego tempa abrazji brzegu zbiornika Jeziorsko w latach 1991-2004, 2004-2009 oraz współczesnego natężenia tego procesu, tj. w latach 2008-2009. W całym okresie funkcjonowania zbiornika Jeziorsko (lata 1991-2009), krawędź klifu cofnęła się od 4,6 do 25,1 m, tj. od 0,26 do 1,39 m/r., średnio 1 m/r. W pierwszym okresie funkcjonowania zbiornika (lata 1991-2004), tempo abrazji brzegów wynosiło od 0,35 do 1,63 m/r., podczas gdy w latach 2004-2009 wahało się od 0,26 do 1,28 m. Obecne tempo przemieszczania klifu, określone na podstawie pomiarów geodezyjnych wykonywanych w obrębie założonej sieci monitoringowej, wynosi od 0,1 do 0,3 m/r. Punktowo tempo abrazji osiąga 1 m/r.!
The paper aims at presenting the contemporary research methods based on the aerial photogrammetry and terrain measuring with used to Geographical Information Systems (GIS), which may be used for supporting and analyzing the morphodynamic processes (geomorphological and fluvial) of reservoirs. Due to the fact there had been no earlier research, it was necessary to use a method which would give a competent quality and credibility measure of the changes. Author have aimed to reconstruct the conditions of the bank dynamics since 1986. The Jeziorsko Reservoir was created between 1986-1992 on the Warta River, and it is one of the largest reservoirs on the Polish lowlands. The reservoir is 16 km long and its capacity exceeds 202.3 mln m3 , the coast line has over 44.3 km, of which more then 63% unreinforced reservoir shores is active, i.e. it has got abrasive (56%) or accumulative (7.0%) character (Banach, Grobelska 2003). The banks are built with Quaternary glacial sediments (tills, sands and clays), and in a few places with Pliocene clays. Since 1992, when the filling was completed, the coast line has started the evolution of accumulation, abrasion and erosion processes. The high water level fluctuations during the exploitation of the reservoir amount to 5 mźy–1. Additionally, they intensify the natural coast transformations. The following cartographic and photogrammetric materials were used: a topographic maps at a scale of 1:5000, 1:10 000 aerial photographs taken in 1991 and 2004 and an orthophotomap from 1998 at 1:1000 scale. Data from field studies were collected by means of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The changes in the reservoir coastal zone detected on the aerial photographs were mainly situated in the highest bank zone. Thanks to the use of the GIS, the achieved horizontal mean accuracy was below 0.5 m for photogrammetry. At present, the database makes use of a mobile as well as a desktop GIS. During the entire exploitation period of the Jeziorsko Reservoir, 1991-2009, the cliff edge has moved from 4.6 to 25.1 m i.e. from 0.26 up to 1.39 m annually, av. 1 m a year. In the first analysed period of the reservoir functioning, 1991-2004, the recession rate amounted from 0.35 to 1.63 m annually, whereas in 2004-2009 it oscillated from 0.26 up to 1.28 m. At present the rate of the cliff movement equals from 0.1 up to 0.3 m a year, locally it reaches 1 m a year. The main goal of the researchers is to create a model of the coastal line evolution on the reservoir high water fluctuations.
Źródło:
Landform Analysis; 2010, 13; 19-26
1429-799X
Pojawia się w:
Landform Analysis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the topology of „Shore to Ship” systems - power electronic connection of ships with land
Autorzy:
Tarnapowicz, Dariusz
German-Galkin, Sergiei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
system Shore to Ship
przetwornica częstotliwości
zasilacz wysokiego napięcia
Shore to Ship system
frequency inverter
high voltage power supply
Opis:
The possibility of building efficient and universal systems for the use of electricity land network by ships berthed in the port appeared along with the development of power electronic technologies. The need to connect ships to the land network is primarily related to ecological reasons. The choice of the appropriate topology by the investor (usually port authorities) is mainly connected with ensuring high quality of electricity provided to the ship and local conditions. The article reviews topologies of power electronic system (possible to use) for connection of ships with the land network - their disadvantages and advantages.
Źródło:
New Trends in Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 325-333
2545-2843
Pojawia się w:
New Trends in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Deans curve to investigation of a long-term evolution of the Southern Baltic multi-bar shore profile
Autorzy:
Cerkowniak, G.R.
Ostrowski, R.
Pruszak, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
cross-shore profile
Baltic Sea
shoreline
migration
Dean's curve
long-term evolution
Lubiatowo
Opis:
The paper presents the results of studies on the long-term evolution of the multi-bar cross-shore profiles. The analysis is focused on time-dependent variability of shoreline position, a modified parameter A of the conventional Dean's equation and a parameter F describing the amount of nearshore sediment resources in the multi-bar cross-shore profile. The study also deals with interrelationships between these quantities. The analysis is carried out using field data collected at Lubiatowo, Poland, on the dissipative shore, representative for the south Baltic. The considered coastal segment is found to be stable in the long-term scale. The results of analysis show that the parameter A can either increase or decrease together with the shoreline advance. It is concluded that the shoreline position change is a parameter unsatisfactorily representative for behaviour of the seashore. The use of the Dean's approximation for estimation of the sediment resources F on the multi-bar seashore profiles is found reasonable to eliminate the effects of peculiarities of such shores.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Budowa geologiczna i glacitektonika klifu orłowskiego w Gdyni
Geology and glaciotectonics of the Orłowo Cliff in Gdynia, northern Poland
Autorzy:
Kaulbarsz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Klif orłowski
analiza strukturalna
deformacja glacitektoniczna
geneza glin zwałowych
zlodowacenie Wisły
zlodowacenie Odry
stadiał świecia
Orłowo Cliff
Baltic shore
glaciotectonic deformations
structural analysis
Odranian Glaciation
Warthanian Glaciation
Vistulian glaciation
Świecie Stadial
Main Stadial
Opis:
The Orłowo Cliff is built of glacial and fluvioglacial deposits, Middle Polish Glaciations (possibly Odranian and Warthanian) and Vistulian Glaciation. Deposits are heavily deformed glaciotectonically. In the northern part of the cliff, Miocene sediments are exposed. It is possible, that the Miocene sediments were dislo-cated from their primary position. There were observed overthrusts and intermingling with Pleistocene material in the lower part of the exposure. The Orłowo Headland is built of glacial tills. It is probably a part of fold, similar in pattern to the structure of overthrust folds present in silty-sandy-grained deposits in the southern part of the cliff. Apart from folds and overthrusts there are many faults and the boudinage. Structural analysis of glaciotectonic deformations in conjunction with origin of deposits and statigraphic research enabled the recognition of several stages of development of deformations. Two local directions of glaciotectonic transport were marked clearly: from the north-east, which was connected with glacier invasion in the OEwiecie Stadial of the Vistulian Glaciation, and direction from north-west (north north-west), related to the Main Stadial of the Vistulian Glaciation.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2005, 53, 7; 572--581
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study of machining technology selection to manufacture large-size components of offshore constructions
Autorzy:
Deja, M.
Siemiątkowski, M.
Sender, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
off-shore construction
heavy mechanical component
multi-axis machining centre
process planning
Opis:
The focus of this paper is on process planning for large parts manufacture in systems of definite process capabilities, involving the use of multi-axis machining centres. The analysis of machining heavy mechanical components used in off-shore constructions has been carried out. Setup concepts applied and operation sequences determined in related process plans underwent studies. The paper presents in particular a reasoning approach to setup sequencing and machine assignment in manufacturing large-size components of offshore constructions. The relevant reasoning mechanism within a decision making scheme on generated process plan is shown based on a case study derived from the offshore sector. Recommendations for manufacture of selected exemplary and typical parts were formulated.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2017, S 1; 38-45
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Condition of South-Eastern Baltic Sea Shores and Methods of Protecting Them
Autorzy:
Ostrowski, R.
Pruszak, Z.
Babakov, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
South-Eastern Baltic coast
dynamics of cliffs and beach/dune shores
anthropogenic impacts
shore protection against erosion
Opis:
The paper describes lithodynamic and morphodynamic processes occurring in the main part of the south-eastern Baltic coastal area, namely on the sea shores from the Vistula mouth in the Gulf of Gdansk to the Lithuanian-Latvian border. The study area is subject to intensive natural coastal changes, as well as shore evolution caused by anthropogenic impacts at several locations. Methods of coastal protection against erosion and shore stabilization systems applied in the past and currently are described. The paper deals with the causes of the dynamics of beach/dune shores and cliffs. It presents the authors’ field observations of 2010-2013, as well as previously gained knowledge and the results of Polish, Russian and joint Polish-Russian field surveys.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2014, 61, 1-2; 17-37
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary Dynamics of the Sea Shore of Kaliningrad Oblast
Autorzy:
Karmanov, K.
Burnashov, E.
Chubarenko, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
sea shore
coastline retreat and advance
foredunes
erosion
protection
Opis:
The article presents estimations of coastline retreat and advance in Kaliningrad Oblast at 85 monitoring points for a ten-year period of 2007–2017, based on monitoring data supplemented with satellite image analysis. The mean annual rate of coastline retreat and advance was estimated in general for each of the four major morpholithodynamic segments of the coastline: the Vistula (0:2 m/year) and Curonian (0:4 m/year) spits, as well as the western (0:5 m/year) and northern (0:2 m/year) shores of the Sambia Peninsula. The analysis of the shore protection measures implemented in Kaliningrad Oblast from 2007 to 2017 showed that the length of protected shore segments increased by 30% to 14.5 km, which is 10% of the total coastline. The obtained scheme of long-term mean annual rates of coastline retreat and advance clearly demonstrates an uneven distribution of eroded segments along the shores of Kaliningrad Oblast, however the sea shore of Kaliningrad Oblast is mainly susceptible to erosion (44%). Accumulative segments of the shore make up only 17% of the total coastline, and the remaining 39% of the shore is relatively stable. The results obtained demonstrate that the long-term mean annual rate of coastline retreat has decreased to 0:3 m/year from 1 m/year in the earlier period of 2000–2010. The general condition of the entire coastline of Kaliningrad Oblast can therefore be described as relatively sustainable]. The changes are related to several factors, such as an increase in the length of protected shore segments, the resumption of sand pulp dumping in the beach area by the Amber Mining Plant, and an increase in the amount of analytical data from an expanded local monitoring network.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2018, 65, 2; 143-159
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Channel Processes and the Need to Forecast Deformations of the Stryi Riverbed
Autorzy:
Hnativ, Ihor
Balkovskyi, Volodymyr
Cherniuk, Volodymyr
Panas, Natalia
Korinec, Yuri
Yakhno, Oleh
Hnativ, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086425.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
mountain river
surface water
channel processes
shore protection
riverbed deformation
denudation processes
Opis:
Deformations of the channel are a consequence of the development of denudation processes in the basin area, increase in the volume of solid runoff and deposition of debris of the rock, its fractional redistribution in the channels, which especially increase during floods and flooding. They cause changes in the hydrological regime and structure of the river system, the destruction of residential and commercial buildings, as well as the infrastructure in the floodplain. Trends, magnitudes and intensity of deformations of riverbeds are formed by a complex of natural and man-made factors. Neglecting the planned and high-altitude displacements of riverbeds often leads to unpredictable consequences. Washing the shore can cause a gas or oil pipeline to rupture, leading to a strong explosion and fire, as well as oil pollution and environmental damage. Channel processes are associated with the washing of bridge piers, power lines, significant material losses and even human casualties during floods and flooding. The aim of the work is to analyze the development of channel processes in the basin of the river Stryi and forecast the deformation of its channel. The results of the analysis show that the riverbeds of Prykarpattia are very unstable and are characterized by intense erosion of the banks and bottom, which is caused by the influence of various factors. It is a man-made activity that includes the development of gravel quarries in floodplains and riverbeds and their straightening, runoff regulation, changes in forestry and land use. Natural factors, such as climate change and water runoff, etc., are also affected. It was found that the bed of the river Stryi does not have a stable shape, significantly changed the configuration, significantly reduced multi-sleeved and increased its straightness, and in some places the river changed its position by 60–80 meters. Restoration works carried out in some parts of the riverbed during this period were not effective enough. Water in different parts of the riverbed washes the shores, which causes dangerous landslides that occur directly near the riverbed. In these areas, it is necessary to more effectively carry out measures to regulate runoff and restore shore protection.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 5; 187--195
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EEG based workload and stress assessment during remote ship operations
Autorzy:
Kari, R.
Gausdal, A. H.
Steinert, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Safety at Sea
remote ship operations
remotely controlled ships
shore control centre
NASA task load index
electroencephalography
workload and stress
human factor
Opis:
Autonomous and remotely controlled ships present new types of human factor challenges. An investigation of the underlying human factors in such operations is therefore necessary to mitigate safety hazards while improving operational efficiency. More tests are needed to identify operators’ levels of control, workload and stress. The aim of this study is to assess how increases in mental workload influence the stress levels of Shore Control Centre (SCC) operators during remote ship operations. Nine experiments were performed to investigate the stress levels of SCC operators during human-human and human-machine interactions. Data on the brain signals of human operators were collected directly by electroencephalography (EEG) and subjectively by the NASA task load index (TLX). The results show that the beta and gamma band powers of the EEG recordings were highly correlated with subjective levels of workload and stress during remote ship operations. They also show that there was a significant change in stress levels when workload increased, when ships were operating in harsh weather, and when the number of ships each SCC operator is responsible for was increased. Furthermore, no significant change in stress was identified when SCC operators established very high frequency (VHF) communication or when there was a risk of accident.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 2; 295--305
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Facies types and depositional environments of a morphologically diverse carbonate platform : a case study from the Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic) of Upper Silesia, southern Poland
Autorzy:
Matysik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
lithofacies assemblage
depositional sequence
sabkha-tidal flat-lagoon environment
shoreface-off- shore environment
Central Europe
Opis:
The detailed sedimentological study of the 150-m-thick Muschelkalk succession, deposited on a small (~200 by 80 km), morphologically diverse Upper Silesian carbonate platform during four major marine-transgressive pulses of the Tethys Ocean, enhanced the understanding of the depositional history, palaeogeography, and facies distribution. A total of thirty-five lithofacies types were identified, described and interpreted in terms of depositional settings. These different lithofacies represent various shallow-marine environments along the platform transect, from peritidal to offshore areas. The vertical and lateral organization of the lithofacies delineated was caused by the interplay of platform morphology, third-order eustasy and the long-term tectonic evolution of the area. Accordingly, the carbonate system studied is a good example of the influence of large-scale processes on the facies architecture of carbonate platforms. In general, all of the four Transgressive Systems Tracts are characterized by similarity in lithofacies composition and vertical succession and by minor lateral change, indicating only limited influence of the three large-scale factors mentioned on lithofacies development and distribution during transgressions. In contrast, each of the four associated Highstand Systems Tracts comprises an individual (unique) lithofacies assemblage displaying substantial regional and local variation, which indicates that the filling of accommodation space during highstands strongly depended on the extrinsic processes.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2016, 86, 2; 119-164
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrodynamics and Lithodynamics of Dissipative and Reflective Shores in View of Field Investigations
Autorzy:
Ostrowski, R.
Pruszak, Z.
Skaja, M.
Szmytkiewicz, M.
Trifonova, E.
Keremedchiev, S.
Andreeva, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
cross-shore profile
waves
currents
grain size distributions
sediment transport
Opis:
The paper presents a comparative analysis of physical processes occurring at two different coasts, which belong to two different European seas. The first coast under examination comprises the sandy shore nearby Lubiatowo, located at the south Baltic Sea in Poland. The second site is represented by the sandy coast in Shkorpilovtsi, located at the west Black Sea in Bulgaria. Both sites are equipped with field research facilities ensuring extensive and precise in situ investigations. The study is focused on differences and similarities of hydro- and lithodynamics as well as the nearshore morphology between the above coastal zones. The present analysis is based on the results of the field campaigns carried out in recent years at the research facilities in Lubiatowo and Shkorpilovtsi. Considering the way in which wave energy transforms on the cross-shore profile, the sea shore at Lubiatowo is found distinctly dissipative while the shore at RB Shkorpilovtsi has a reflective character. This fact implies some differences in the features of wave-current motion and sediment transport.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2010, 57, 3-4; 199-218
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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