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Wyszukujesz frazę "ship operations" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
EEG based workload and stress assessment during remote ship operations
Autorzy:
Kari, R.
Gausdal, A. H.
Steinert, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Safety at Sea
remote ship operations
remotely controlled ships
shore control centre
NASA task load index
electroencephalography
workload and stress
human factor
Opis:
Autonomous and remotely controlled ships present new types of human factor challenges. An investigation of the underlying human factors in such operations is therefore necessary to mitigate safety hazards while improving operational efficiency. More tests are needed to identify operators’ levels of control, workload and stress. The aim of this study is to assess how increases in mental workload influence the stress levels of Shore Control Centre (SCC) operators during remote ship operations. Nine experiments were performed to investigate the stress levels of SCC operators during human-human and human-machine interactions. Data on the brain signals of human operators were collected directly by electroencephalography (EEG) and subjectively by the NASA task load index (TLX). The results show that the beta and gamma band powers of the EEG recordings were highly correlated with subjective levels of workload and stress during remote ship operations. They also show that there was a significant change in stress levels when workload increased, when ships were operating in harsh weather, and when the number of ships each SCC operator is responsible for was increased. Furthermore, no significant change in stress was identified when SCC operators established very high frequency (VHF) communication or when there was a risk of accident.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 2; 295--305
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Polar Codes implications for safe ship operations in the Arctic region
Autorzy:
Engtrø, E.
Gudmestad, O. T.
Njå, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Arctic Shipping
IMO Polar Code
Arctic region
safe ship operations
risk management
Arctic ship operations
regulatory Governance
emergency response
Opis:
Simultaneously with a decreasing sea ice cover in the Arctic region an increase in ship traffic is experienced in these waters, meaning a higher probability of accidents and incidents to occur. The capability to handle emergency situations for shipowners, operators and rescuers in a cold climate environment are heavily affected by the risks present in polar waters and depends on limited emergency response resources covering extremely large areas. In 2017, the International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (The Polar Code) was adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), applicable for the Arctic and Antarctic regions. The goals of the functionally based regulation are to provide for safe ship operations and the protection of the polar environment, by addressing risks present in polar waters and to ensure these are mitigated sufficiently. A qualitative pilot study, with individual expert interviews, has been conducted in order to examine the Polar Code's implications for safe ship operations in the Arctic region. The study concludes that the discussions raised in the aftermath of the Polar Code has led to an increase in focus and a strengthen consciousness about hazards and risks associated with polar water ship operations and additional measures required to mitigate these. Further, the implementation of the Polar Code is considered as a milestone by establishing an international regulation, mandatory for polar water ship design and for voyage planning. However, the study points out that the main principle of the Polar Code is risk-based, meaning the performance of safe ship operations are depending on those subjects to the regulation, to conduct thorough operational risk assessments covering all actual hazards, and to ensure that those are mitigated sufficiently. In this regard, authority presence is found crucial, to validate the adequacy and the dimensioning of the implemented measures. Key words: Arctic ship operations; regulatory governance; emergency response; risk management.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 3; 655-661
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Information flow in maritime safety management systems
Autorzy:
Graboń-Chałupczak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
International Safety Management
ISM Code
Safety Management System
SMS
information flow
Maritime Safety Management System
Management of Safe Ship Operations
Pollution Prevention
Safety at Sea
Opis:
The priority of the maritime transport operation is a high level of security, which must be constantly monitored by shipowners with a security management system. The origin of the International Code for the Management of Safe Ship Operations and Pollution Prevention and the revised guidelines for the administration of the ISM Code by administrations, the first formal mandatory standard for safety management and pollution prevention goes back to the early 1980s. Arrangement of safe ship management and operation and consequent minimization of errors human being by far the most common cause of marine disasters is its main. The shipowner's and ship's certification procedure for the Safety Management System (SMS) is in line with Regulation (EC) No 336/2006 [1] of the European Parliament and the Council of Europe of 15 February 2006 on the implementation of the ISM Code in the Community, together with the Commission's amendment European Union of June 16, 2008. The documentation contains a developed Safety Management System adapted to the conditions of a given shipowner. All elements of the system must be documented, and, above all, the duties must be described in the organizational structures. Documentation must indicate how management supervises activities at various levels, employee participation and individual management representatives in individual processes, and how the safety management system is constantly improved. The shipowner maintains a security management system in line with the requirements of the Code and complies with the requirements of the certification system. The amount of information and the speed of changes taking place in the environment makes it necessary to introduce a system of information management and channels of their flow not only within the organization, but also in communication with third parties. Proper management of information resources increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. In the publication, the possibility of a formalized description of information flow in a well-functioning shipowner's safety management system.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 3; 637-640
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Statistical analysis for modeling ship operation processes in ports
Autorzy:
Özkan, Emin Deniz
Koçer, Umay Uzunoğlu
Nas, Selçuk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
port
ship
ship operations
statistical distributions
goodness of fit
modeling
Opis:
The proper selection of statistical distributions is important for modeling port operations using simulations or queuing theory. The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate statistical distributions for modeling random processes related to ship operations in ports, including ship arrivals, berthing maneuver processes, service processes, and unberthing maneuver processes. A literature review was performed on the statistical distributions used in these random processes. In addition, the port data on ship operations gathered from three different ports in Turkey were examined. Goodness of fit tests were conducted to determine the appropriate distribution for each process.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2020, 62 (134); 71-79
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the impact of exemption from pilotage for 75m and 90m long vessels on the fairway Świnoujście-Szczecin
Autorzy:
Gucma, L.
Łazuga, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117157.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
ship's manoeuvrability
fairway Swinoujscie-Szczecin
Danish Straits
great barrier reef
bosporus strait
Tokyo Bay
pilotage operations
pilotage
Opis:
The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of exemption from pilotage for 75m and 90m long vessels entering Szczecin on navigation safety on the waterway Świnoujście-Szczecin. Available sources concerning the influence of maritime pilotage on the safety of navigation have been analysed. Such data have been collected and made available only for the Danish Straits, the Great Barrier Reef Area of Australia, the Bosporus Straits and the Tokyo Bay. The study also included an analysis of economic effectiveness of pilotage exemption in this area.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 3; 627-631
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Definition of mooring plans for vessels at port terminals using physical models
Autorzy:
Bernardino, J.C.M
Pion, L.M.
Esferra, R.
de Oliveira Bezerra, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
port operations
mooring plan
port terminals
hydraulic works
Ponta da Madeira Port (PMP)
physical scale modelling
ship's mooring
mooring lines
Opis:
Physical scale models have a large range of application in studies of hydraulic works. In port engineering, they can be used to optimize the general layout of terminals, evaluation of protection structures, simulation of vessel maneuvers and investigation of mooring plans for vessels, among several subjects. Once physical modeling allows a high accuracy in the waves and currents representation as well as their interaction with the bottom and the vessels, the studies of mooring systems in coastal and estuarine ports based on physical modeling tests provide greater reliability in comparison with those grounded on distinct types of models. To highlight the importance of this kind of application, this article presents the case study of the Ponta da Madeira Port (PMP), located in the State of Maranhao, Brazil, developed with the support of the 1:170 scale reduced physical model conceived and calibrated for this area. This study analyzed several alternatives to improve the availability of the northern berth of the Pier III of PMP, including new mooring strategies and the construction of a new improvement structure. The results, which concerned on preliminary tests of the mooring lines tensions, evidenced structural intervention could substantially reduce the risk of mooring lines break, indicating that further investigations concerning different layouts for the improvement structure are promising in order to provide an increase of this berth availability.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 1; 107-114
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An application of Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment to bunkering services
Autorzy:
Sevgili, C.
Zorba, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135309.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
bunkering
fuzzy logic
Quality Function Deployment
service quality
ship fuels
ship operations
Opis:
Bunkering is very important for the maritime industry because of the need for continuity of trade, its relation to the energy industry and its great economic value. Today, the volume of the world’s bunkering market is around 350 million tons annually. Although there are about 400 major bunkering ports in the world, most of the demand is concentrated in a few strategic ports: when comparing strategic regions of the world, Istanbul has a very small share. With this in mind, this paper aims to demonstrate the current situation of Istanbul and to improve service quality using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment. Our results show that the criteria which customers look for, in order of importance, are: supply waiting time; bunker quality; usage and availability of barges; duration of bunkering operation; and bunker price and price competitiveness. The steps to be taken to improve service quality are determined as: increase storage facilities and capacities; create a structure that can provide 24/7 bunker supply; and increase importance of bunkering in port infrastructure and management in Turkey, to improve service quality and increase their fuel sales volume.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2018, 54 (126); 19-27
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza elementów składowych wielokryterialnego wektora czynnika ludzkiego w aspekcie bezpiecznej eksploatacji statku i przetrwania na morzu
Analysis of component elements of the multi-terterial human factor in the aspect of safe ship operation and seasoning at sea
Autorzy:
Łosiewicz, Z.
Netczuk-Gwoździewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/315235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
czynnik ludzki
zachowania marynarzy
zagrożenie
akcja ratownicza SAR
bezpieczna eksploatacja statku
bezpieczeństwo żeglugi
human factor
behavior of seafarers
danger
rescue operations
SAR action
safe ship operation
safety of navigation
Opis:
W artykule omówiony został wielokryterialny wektor czynnika ludzkiego w aspekcie bezpiecznej eksploatacji statku i przetrwania na morzu. Dokonano próby oceny, które elementy czynnika ludzkiego mają największy wpływ na zachowanie marynarzy w sytuacji kryzysowej.
The article discusses the multi-criteria vector of the human factor in the aspect of safe ship operation and survival at sea. An attempt was made to assess which elements of the human factor have the greatest impact on the behavior of seafarers in a crisis situation.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 152-156, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations on Container Ship Berthing from the Pilot’s Perspective: Accident Analysis, Ethnographic Study, and Online Survey
Autorzy:
Gruenefeld, U.
Stratmann, T.C.
Brueck, Y.
Hahn, A.
Boll, S.
Heuten, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
container ship
ship berthing
pilot’s perspective
accident analysis
ethnographic study
online survey
port operations
Port of Hamburg
Opis:
In recent years, container ships have had to transport more and more goods due to constantly growing demand. Therefore, the container ships for carrying these goods are growing in size, while the harbors fall short in adapting to these changes. As a result, the berthing of these container ships in harbors has become more challenging for harbor pilots. In this work, we identify problems and risks with which pilots are confronted during the berthing process. First, we analyzed approximately 1500 accident reports from six different transportation safety authorities and identified their major causes. Second, we conducted an ethnographic study with harbor pilots in Hamburg to observe their actions. Third, we gained more specific insights on pilots environments and communications through an online survey of 30 harbor pilots from different European countries. We conclude our work with recommendations on how to reduce problems and risks during berthing of container vessels.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 3; 493-498
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Legal Aspects of Ship Management
Wybrane aspekty prawne zarządzania statkami morskimi
Autorzy:
Stefaniak, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ship management
shipping entrepreneur
ship management operations
zarządzanie statkiem
przedsiębiorca żeglugowy
operacje zarządzania statkiem morskim
Nauki Humanistyczne i Społeczne
Opis:
Ship management is a topic that has rarely been approached in the modern Polish maritime legal sciences. There are numerous reasons behind the present state of affairs but it seems that the foremost one is, that the focus in political, legal and economic discourse is still on the legal aspects of ship ownership. This trend continues despite the fact that today over 73% of world shipping tonnage is managed by the specialized ship management entities. An economic analysis has proven that year after year Poland was ceasing to be a large ship owning nation, it used to be, and that this trend is unlikely to be reversed in the short and mid-term perspective. Poland may, however, still continue to play a vital role in the world of shipping by becoming a ship management centre. This article aims to introduce the Readers to the selected aspects of ship management operations.
Zagadnienie zarządzania statkami (ang. ship management) jest rzadko poruszane w polskiej doktrynie. Istnieją różne przyczyny takiego stanu rzeczy, aczkolwiek niewątpliwie znaczący jest priorytet nadany w politycznym, prawnym jak i ekonomicznym dyskursie zagadnieniom prawnym poświęconym właścicielom statków. obecny trend utrzymuje się pomimo faktu, iż ponad 73% światowego tonażu jest zarządzane przez specjalistyczne podmioty „ship managerskie”. Analiza ekonomiczna rok po roku dostarczała dowodów, że Polska przestała być krajem liczącym się pod względem ilości posiadanych przez nią statków i ten trend nie ulegnie odwróceniu w perspektywie krótko i średnioterminowej. Polska może jednak odegrać kluczową rolę w świecie żeglugi poprzez przekształcenie się w centrum zarządzania statkami. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie wybranych aspektów zarządzania statkami morskimi.
Źródło:
Prawo Morskie; 2017, XXXIII; 121-135
0860-7338
Pojawia się w:
Prawo Morskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling Operation Process of Baltic Port, Shipping and Ship Traffic and Operation Information Critical Infrastructure Network
Autorzy:
Guze, S.
Kołowrocki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
modelling of maritime operations
modelling operation process
Baltic Ports
ship traffic
shipping
critical infrastructure network
operation information critical infrastructure network
critical infrastructure
Opis:
The main aim of the article is modelling the operation process of the Baltic Port, Shipping and Ship Traffic and Port Operation Information Critical Infrastructure Network. To achieve this goal it is necessary to define three critical infrastructure networks for a Baltic Sea Region and their operation processes: port critical infrastructure network, shipping critical infrastructure network and ship traffic and port operation information critical infrastructure network. Thus, the concept of networks of three networks, called Baltic Port, Shipping and Ship Traffic and Port Operation Information Critical Infrastructure Network, is introduced. This way, the operation process of network of networks is proposed. To understand this approach, the basic classification and description of interdependencies and interconnections in this network are presented.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2016, 10, 2; 275-284
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Safety of Shipping when Navigating on the PS Class Container Vessel “Emma Maersk” While Approaching DCT Terminal in Gdańsk Port Północny
Autorzy:
Rutkowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116571.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
port operations
port of Gdansk
container vessel
Deepwater Container Terminal (DCT) in Gdansk
navigational risk
safety at sea
safety of shipping
ship’s domain
Opis:
In this paper author presents the methods that can be used for estimating the safety of shipping (navigational risk) in the restricted sea areas of the Gulf of Gdansk by means of a three-dimensional model of ship’s domain specified for the PS Class container vessels “Emma Maersk”. The essence of the method suggested in the thesis is the systematic approach to a sea vessel operation in the aspect of estimating its safety while approaching DCT terminal in Gdańsk Port Północny in the divergent exterior conditions.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2016, 10, 3; 481-488
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation for Service Quality and Berths Occupancy Assessment
Autorzy:
Kuznetsov, A.L.
Kirichenko, A.V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
port operations
berths occupancy assessment
service quality
ship maneuvering
ship handling
simulation technique
berthing
object-oriented simulation
Opis:
Current development of the maritime transportation system, namely fleet and ports specialization, growth of vessel sizes, rationalization of routs, trade regionalization etc., has made many traditional approaches and calculation techniques practiced for many long years in port design procedures to be inadequate and insufficient. A generally acknowledged tool for this task today is the simulation technique. In the same time, modern object oriented simulation approach provides usually only ad hoc solution for a project. It lacks the generality that was the main and natural feature of its traditional analytical predecessors. Very high time and labor consumption of simulation comes to a conflict with a very narrow scope of the resulting model’s application domain. This paper describes a new approach used to create a simulation tool for the port designers and planners combining the universality and generality of the analytical (so called “static”) methods with the efficiency and accuracy of the object-oriented simulation. The concept represented in the paper was implemented in the software product, which enabled to conduct experiments that proved the validity and adequacy of the model. The simulation tool was used in several sea port design project and now is a common instrument of several leading port design and consulting company in Russian Federation.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2016, 10, 3; 489-492
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards the Development of a Risk Model for Unmanned Vessels Design and Operations
Autorzy:
Wróbel, K.
Krata, P.
Montewka, J.
Hinz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
modelling of maritime operations
risk model
unmanned vessel
unmanned vessels design
unmanned vessels operations
hazard analysis
unmanned ship
risk analysis
Opis:
An unmanned merchant vessel seems to be escaping from the stage of idea exploration. Once the concept proofs its safety, it may become a part of maritime reality. Although the safety aspect of such a ship has been addressed by a handful of scholars, the problem remains open. This is mainly due to lack of knowledge regarding actual operational circumstances and design of unmanned ships, which are yet to be developed. In the attempt of bridging this gap, the risk analysis associated with unmanned ships needs to be carried out, where all relevant hazards and consequences are assessed and quantified in systematic manner. In this paper we present the results of a first step of such analysis, namely the hazard analysis associated with the unmanned ships. The list of hazards covers various aspects of unmanned shipping originating from both design and operational phases of vessel’s life. Subsequently the hazards and related consequences are organized in a casual manner, resulting in the development of a structure of a risk model.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2016, 10, 2; 267-274
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Adaptation of an Algorithm of Search and Rescue Operations to Ship Manoeuvrability
Autorzy:
Kasyk, L.
Pleskacz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
search and rescue (SAR)
Ship Manoeuvrability
Algorithm
Search and Rescue Operations
Hydrometeorological Conditions
IAMSAR
SAR Action Algorithm
ECDIS
Opis:
This article presents an overview of an algorithm to facilitate action when planning search and rescue operations, taking into account actual hydro-meteorological conditions and the maneuverability of ships involved in the search.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 2; 265-268
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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