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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Total prohibition of smoking but not partial restriction effectively reduced exposure to tobacco smoke among restaurant workers in Finland
    Autorzy:
    Reijula, Jere
    Johnsson, Tom
    Kaleva, Simo
    Tuomi, Tapani
    Reijula, Kari
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179072.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-10-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    secondhand smoke
    occupational exposure
    prevention
    restaurants
    Opis:
    Objectives: To assess work-related exposure to tobacco smoke in Finnish restaurants, a series of nationwide questionnaire surveys were conducted among restaurant workers and the levels of indoor air nicotine concentrations were measured in restaurants. The survey aimed to evaluate the impact of the smoke-free legislation in general and in particular after the total smoking ban launched in 2007. Materials and Methods: In 2003-2010, four national questionnaire surveys were conducted among restaurant workers and the concentration of nicotine in indoor air was measured in different types of restaurants, bars and nightclubs. Results: Between 2003 and 2010, the proportion of restaurant workers reporting occupational exposure to tobacco smoke dropped from 59% to 11%. Among pub workers, the decrease was from 97% to 18% and in workers of dining restaurants from 49% to 10%, respectively. The median concentration of nicotine in indoor air of all restaurants decreased from 11.7 μg/m³ to 0.1 μg/m³. The most significant decrease was detected in pubs where the decrease was from 16.1 μg/m³ to 0.1 μg/m³. Among all restaurant workers, in 2003-2010 the prevalence of daily smokers was reduced from 39% to 31% in men and from 35% to 25% in women. Conclusion: Total prohibition of smoking but not partial restriction in restaurants was effective in reducing work-related exposure to tobacco smoke. Strict tobacco legislation may partly be associated with the significant decrease of daily smoking prevalence among restaurant workers.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 5; 682-692
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The excise duty of imported cars - legal problems
    Akcyza na samochody sprowadzane z zagranicy - problematyka prawna
    Autorzy:
    Czech, P.
    Barcik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    prawo
    akcyza
    samochód używany
    law
    excise duty
    secondhand car
    Opis:
    The work presents legal problems of secondhand car excise duty imposed in Poland. Additionally, the current results of statistical investigations referring to the number of cars imported from abroad were presented in this article.
    W opracowaniu przedstawiono problematykę prawną, związaną z podatkiem akcyzowym wprowadzonym w Polsce na używane samochody sprowadzane z zagranicy. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano aktualne wyniki badań statystycznych, które dotyczą liczebności samochodów sprowadzanych z zagranicy.
    Źródło:
    Transport Problems; 2007, 2, 1; 45-49
    1896-0596
    2300-861X
    Pojawia się w:
    Transport Problems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The impact of freight rates on ship values: An investigation of major dry bulk carriers
    Autorzy:
    Açik, Abdullah
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818731.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    freight rates
    secondhand value
    newbuilding value
    economic life
    Capesize
    Panamax
    Handymax
    Opis:
    Many factors affect ship values, but the most important is freight rates. This effect is more dynamic, especially in the dry bulk market, which has characteristics close to a perfectly competitive market. The literature does not provide a complete answer about whether the effects of freight on ship values differ by ship type and age in the market; therefore, this study examined the effect of changes in the freight rates of the main ship types used in the dry bulk market on their values in different age groups. The ship types included in the study are Capesize, Panamax, and Handymax vessels, while the age groups are newbuilds, 5-year-old, and 10-year-old ships. Individual regression models were established and analyses were applied for each category. According to the obtained results, smaller vessels were more affected by changes in freight rates, and the effect of changes in freight rate increased with the age of the ship. Also, the price volatility of smaller ships was lower, while it was higher for older ships. It is hoped that these results may provide comparative results by ship type and guide industry stakeholders in reducing risks.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2021, 66 (138); 9-20
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Does the implementation of smoke-free laws and smoking culture affect exposure to tobacco smoking? Results from 3 hospitality settings in South Korea
    Autorzy:
    Park, Myung-Bae
    Lee, Tae Sic
    Oh, Jee Eun
    Lee, Do Hoon
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086123.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-01-07
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    secondhand smoke
    smoking ban
    smoke-free
    workplace
    tobacco-specific nitrosamines
    tobacco control
    Opis:
    ObjectivesIt is especially difficult for hospitality workers to avoid secondhand smoke (SHS), meaning that they are likely particularly vulnerable to the effects of SHS. The authors aimed to determine the degree to which smoke-free laws protect hospitality workers from SHS exposure, by examining biochemical markers of such exposure.Material and MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study examining SHS exposure in non-smoking employees working in hospitality settings where smoking is prohibited or permitted. The following biomarkers were selected: cotinine and tobaccospecific nitrosamines, which are known to measure SHS exposure, and 2 representative carcinogens: 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). The authors compared these biomarkers between 3 hospitality settings. A descriptive analysis was performed. In addition, they conducted 1-way and 2-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare the biochemical markers.ResultsSmoking substances were identified by smoking ban levels. In the case of hair nicotine and urine cotinine, their concentrations were lower in areas with a complete smoking ban than in both areas with a separate smoking room and no smoking ban; however, there was no statistically significant difference between these. In the case of dust NNK, its level was the lowest in areas with a complete smoking ban. To confirm the smoking ban effect by hospitality settings, the authors checked the results of the 2-way ANCOVA. In karaoke and billiard halls, the dust NNK concentrations were significantly higher in areas with no smoking ban than in areas with a separate smoking room.ConclusionsExposure to SHS is more prevalent in places that are more lenient when it comes to smoking (e.g., Internet cafés) than in places that are not (e.g., restaurants and cafés), even when smoking is similarly prohibited in both types of places.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2021, 34, 1; 53-67
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Smoke-free homes in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic – a nationwide cross-sectional survey
    Autorzy:
    Ostrowska, Aurelia
    Pinkas, Jarosław
    Giermaziak, Wojciech
    Wierzba, Waldemar
    Gujski, Mariusz
    Jankowski, Mateusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197836.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-03-02
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    Polska
    secondhand smoke
    smoking ban
    passive smoking
    tobacco control
    smoke-free policy
    Opis:
    Objectives Secondhand smoke exposure causes serious health problems. Banning smoking in public venues decreases exposure to secondhand smoke. However, the implementation of smoke-free rules in a private setting (including homes) is largely voluntary. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of voluntary smoke-free home rules in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as to identify factors associated with the voluntary implementation of smoking bans at home. Material and Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2022 with a nationally representative sample of 1090 individuals aged ≥18 years in Poland. Data were collected using a computerassisted web interviewing (CAWI) technique. The research tool was an original questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study. Results Nationally, 60.6% of individuals had total ban on smoking in home (100% smoke-free home rules), 34.0% had implemented a partial smokefree home rule and 5.4% had not implemented any smoke-free home rules. Over three-quarters of non-smokers (76.8%) and only one-fifth of smokers (20.7%) had adopted a full smoke-free home rule. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, males (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.22–2.22, p < 0.01), non-smokers (OR = 13.78, 95% CI: 9.80–19.38, p < 0.001), respondents who had higher education (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.15–2.14, p < 0.01) as well as those who lived alone (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.52–3.90, p < 0.001) had higher odds of having a 100% smoke-free home rule. Conclusions This study demonstrated the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of smoke-free home rules in Poland. Less than two-thirds of the Polish population has adopted a total smoke-free home rule, with significant gaps between smokers and nonsmokers. Information on current voluntary smoke-free rules will be useful for further implementation of the smoke-free law in Poland. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(1):84–95
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2023, 36, 1; 84-95
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative Analysis of ELV Recycling Policies in the European Union, Japan and China
    Autorzy:
    Yu, Jeongsoo
    Wang, Shuoyao
    B. Serrona, Kevin Roy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916995.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    End-of Life Vehicle Recycling
    Extended Producer Responsibility
    Export of Secondhand Vehicle
    Recycling of Next-Generation Vehicle
    Opis:
    This research aims at revealing the current status of the End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) recycling systems in the European Union (EU), Japan and China which are known to have big vehicle manufacturers. The purpose of this research is to clarify their characteristics and issues, such as existing ELV recycling policy, limitations of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and environmental problems caused by secondhand car export. Japanese ELV recycling system will be analyzed as a specific example. Automakers’ effort to improve ELV recycling rate and the potential influence on recycling policy from large secondhand car export and Next-Generation Vehicle’s (NGV) popularization in Japan will be discussed and generalized. In addition, interview investigation for vehicle makers and government agencies has been conducted to have a comparative analysis of stakeholders’ (mainly automakers) attitude towards current ELV recycling law and future plans which can support Next-Generation Vehicle recycling well, as well as cross-border environmental/international resources recycling problems caused by secondhand car export.
    Źródło:
    Investigationes Linguisticae; 2019, 43; 34-56
    1426-188X
    1733-1757
    Pojawia się w:
    Investigationes Linguisticae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Методика использования вторичного рынка для oбновления состава oборудования строительного предприятия
    Methods use secondary market for renovation of the composition of the equipping the building enterprise
    Autorzy:
    Repin, S. V.
    Rulis, K. V.
    Zazykin, A. V.
    Rajczyk, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068134.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Częstochowska
    Tematy:
    przedsiębiorstwo budowlane
    maszyna budowlana
    maszyna używana
    rynek wtórny
    Mathcad
    building enterprise
    building machine
    secondhand machine
    secondary market
    Opis:
    В статье описан метод оценки целесообразности покупки бывших в употреблении машин. Метод основан на сравнении удельных показателей - затрат и прибыли за машино-час работы оборудования, приобретенного новым и со сроком эксплуатации. Расчеты приведены в виде блоков Mathcad-программы.
    In the article there is described a method of the estimation of practicability of buying secondhand machines. The method is founded on comparison of the specific factors - an expresses and arrived for machine-business hours of the equipment, gained new and since period of the usages. The calculations were provided in type block Mathcad-program.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo; 2012, 18 (168); 240--248
    0860-7214
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wydawnictwa periodyczne w asortymencie wtórnego rynku książki
    Periodical publications in second-hand book trade
    Autorzy:
    Nieć, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    rynek wtórny książki
    antykwarstwo
    aukcje antykwaryczne
    bibliofilstwo
    kolekcjonerstwo
    dawna prasa
    rynek prasy
    Poland’s book trade in the 21st Century
    secondhand
    trade in periodicals
    the antiquarian business
    collectible periodicals
    changes in the press market
    Opis:
    This article presents an analysis of the current situation of periodical magazines in second-hand book trade. Although periodical publications constitute a mere margin of that market, they can be found in practically all its segments, from the antiquarian through remainders to hot-off-the-press editions. However, their presence is individual segments does vary, both in terms of quantity and value. Moreover, the traditional balance of supply and demand has been put under severe pressure by technological changes in press distribution (Internet) and the ongoing digitalization of archival and library collections.
    W niniejszym tekście przedstawiono współczesny obieg wydawnictw periodycznych w ramach wtórnego rynku książki. W swojej masie stanowią one w stosunku do książek marginalny dział asortymentu, aczkolwiek jest on stale obecny w ofercie wszystkich segmentów rynku, obejmujących zarówno obiekty zabytkowe, jak i nowsze, w tym bieżącą produkcję. Obecność ta jest jednak zróżnicowana pod względem jakościowym i ilościowym, na podaż i popyt zaś w istotny sposób wpływają zmiany technologiczne w zakresie rozpowszechniania prasy (Internet) oraz udostępniania jej zbiorów archiwalnych i bibliotecznych (digitalizacja).
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej; 2018, 21, 2; 63-80
    1509-1074
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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