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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Editor’s introduction: Development of agendasetting theory and research. Between West and East
    Autorzy:
    Wanta, Wayne
    Łódzki, Bartłomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
    Tematy:
    agenda-setting research
    first level
    second level
    theory and research
    Central Europe
    Opis:
    Much has changed in the area of agenda-setting research since the initial study by McCombs and Shaw during the 1968 U.S. Presidential election. The complexities of today’s world have led to several new challenges for agenda-setting research, both methodologically and theoretically. New technologies also have impacted the theoretical framework of agenda-setting effects. Despite the extensive previous research – recent estimates claim that there are between 400 and 500 agenda-setting studies – agenda-setting remains a timely (and timeless) theory with researchers continuing to examine new and important topics. Many of these new topics can be found in the accompanying studies. In this volume, studies have applied the agenda-setting theory in Spain, Poland, Turkey and Kosovo. Central Europe appears to be an ideal location for agenda-setting research, given the wide range of press freedom now being practiced in the former Communist countries. Some former Communist countries have granted the press a great deal of freedom.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Communication; 2010, 3, 2(5); 191-196
    1899-5101
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Communication
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Phenomenology of Second-Level Inference: Perfumes in The Deductive Garden
    Autorzy:
    Makinson, David
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023263.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    second-level inference
    suppositions
    indirect inference
    goal simplification
    goal preservation
    wlog
    premise preservation
    Opis:
    We comment on certain features that second-level inference rules commonly used in mathematical proof sometimes have, sometimes lack: suppositions, indirectness, goal-simplification, goal-preservation and premise-preservation. The emphasis is on the roles of these features, which we call 'perfumes', in mathematical practice rather than on the space of all formal possibilities, deployment in proof-theory, or conventions for display in systems of natural deduction.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2020, 49, 4; 327-342
    0138-0680
    2449-836X
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Section of Logic
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in young adult passive smokers: A pilot study comparing waterpipe to cigarette
    Autorzy:
    Zeidan, Rouba
    Rachidi, Samar
    Awada, Sanaa
    Hajje, Amal
    Bawab, Wafaa
    Salamé, Joseph
    Bejjany, Rachelle
    Salameh, Pascale
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-08-06
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    second hand smoke
    carbon monoxide level
    respiratory health
    waterpipe smoke
    cigarette smoke
    Opis:
    Objectives: Studies have correlated second hand smoke (SHS) with many diseases, especially respiratory effects. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of SHS on the respiratory symptoms and exhaled carbon monoxide. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 50 young workers in restaurants serving waterpipes, 48 university students who sit frequently in the university cafeteria where cigarette smoking is allowed and 49 university students spending time in places where smoking is not allowed. Subjects completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and exposure to SHS. Exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured. ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used when applicable as well as linear and logistic regression analysis. Results: Exposure to cigarette smoke in university (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 6.06) and occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (ORa = 7.08) were predictors of chronic cough. Being married (ORa = 6.40), living near a heavy traffic road (ORa = 9.49) or near a local power generator (ORa = 7.54) appeared responsible for chronic sputum production. Moreover, predictors of chronic allergies were: being male (ORa = 7.81), living near a local power generator (ORa = 5.52) and having a family history of chronic respiratory diseases (ORa = 17.01). Carbon monoxide levels were augmented by the number of weekly hours of occupational exposure to waterpipe smoke (β = 1.46) and the number of daily hours of exposure to cigarette smoke (β = 1.14). Conclusions: In summary, young non-smoker subjects demonstrated more chronic cough and elevated carbon monoxide levels when exposed to SHS while the effect of waterpipe was even more evident.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 4; 571-582
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wykształcenie ludności II Rzeczypospolitej w świetle badań GUS
    Education of population of the Second Polish Republic in the light of research by CSO
    Autorzy:
    Stańczyk, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/533512.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    the Second Polish Republic
    education
    level of education
    illiteracy
    national population census
    Opis:
    The article presents diverse structures of the population of Poland in the interwar period according to the level of education (including literacy and numeracy) due to gender, religious denomination and residence. The results of the population census from 1921 and 1931 were the main source of data. In the light of the empirical evidence it was stated that primary education (in total 37.5% of the general population at the age of 15 years and more) had had a dominant position in the population structure and people with a higher level of education 0.7% (1921). In the period of the Second Polish Republic the education process was selective on the grounds of gender and religious denomination; men were better educated than women. Evangelical Church members were best educated and Orthodox Church worst. As a result of a big diversity of parts of Poland with respect to the degree of the implementation of public education there was a big disproportion between regions in Poland in the level of education and the structure in terms of education (among others in the level of illiteracy). There was a big educational gap in the eastern regions and the best situation in this regard was observed in western voivodeships.
    Źródło:
    Społeczeństwo i Ekonomia; 2016, 1(5); 7-26
    2353-8937
    Pojawia się w:
    Społeczeństwo i Ekonomia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of pragmatic markers across proficiency levels in second language speech
    Autorzy:
    Neary-Sundquist, Colleen
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780649.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    pragmatic marker
    proficiency level
    pragmatic competence
    second language development
    oral speech production
    Opis:
    This study investigates the use of pragmatic markers (PMs) by learners of English at varying proficiency levels. The study analyzes data from a university-level oral proficiency exam that categorized Chinese and Korean English-as-a-second-language (ESL) speakers into four proficiency levels and compares data with those of native speakers taking the same test. Findings indicate that PM use generally rises with proficiency level. The rates of PM use showed a dramatic increase between the highest and second-highest proficiency group. The highest proficiency ESL group used PMs at the same rate as native speakers. The study also found that the variety of different PMs used goes up steadily with proficiency level. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding how second language learners’ use of PMs develops.
    Źródło:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2014, 4, 4; 637-663
    2083-5205
    2084-1965
    Pojawia się w:
    Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uposażenie profesora zwyczajnego polskiej państwowej szkoły akademickiej od 1 II 1934 do 30 IX 1939 r.
    Autorzy:
    Jastrzębski, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    history of university-level studies
    ordinary professor
    economic history
    remuneration of academic teachers’ in the Second Polish Republic
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to present the principles behind the system for remunerating full professors in Polish state academic schools in the years 1934–39, and changes in the level of the remuneration in that period. The following remuneration systems were also compared: the quota system, established on 1 February 1934 and in force until the outbreak of World War II, and the preceding point scoring system in force in the years 1923–34. The study is based on source materials such as an analysis of state legal acts dating from 1918–39. To begin with, particular stages of the transformation of the legislation governing remuneration in academic schools are discussed, and the position of the quota remuneration system that existed. It then presents the essence of the new remuneration system and particular components of the remuneration are classified into the base salary and supplementary remuneration; where the supplementary remuneration comprised: a local allowance and function-related allowance. These amounts are compared to the previous status, in an attempt to find a common denominator for data from different periods and to prepare the most reliable comparisons. The amount of a professor’s remuneration, established in 1934, remained stable until the end of the interwar period. Until 1939 no changes were made to the amount of a full professor’s various remuneration components. The rules for paying them did not change to any great extent. This was associated with the general economic situation in Poland, as well as being related to the successful implementation of new legal regulations.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2013, 73
    0080-3634
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of administration of biotin and zinc chelate (Zn-methionine) to cows in the first and second trimester of lactation on their health and productivity
    Autorzy:
    Kinal, S.
    Twardon, J.
    Bednarski, M.
    Pres, J.
    Bodarski, R.
    Slupczynska, M.
    Ochota, M.
    Dejneka, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32375.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    animal health
    animal productivity
    biotin administration
    cow
    first lactation trimester
    lactation
    methionine
    second lactation trimester
    zinc chelate
    dairy cow
    blood serum
    mineral level
    acid-base balance
    milk productivity
    milk composition
    progesterone
    haptoglobin level
    Opis:
    In cattle, the prevention of diseases might be possible using dietary methods, with nutritional optimization of feed rations. For years significant influence has been associated with the addition of biotin, methionine and zinc (each given individually, or as chelate – Zn-methionine). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of biotin or biotin + Zn-methionine additives on the health and performance of cows, in the first and second trimester of lactation. This study was carried out in 3 groups of cows, 30 animals in each group. In the first group cows were fed the usual fodder used on the farm. In the second group biotin at 10 mg/day/cow was added. In the third group both biotin at 10 mg/day/cow and Zn-methionine at 5 g/day/cow were added. The administration of biotin increased the milk yield and reduced the occurrence of retained placenta, as well as endometritis puerperalis. However, the high doses of biotin suppressed ovulation and oestrus symptoms in the investigated cows (low progesterone levels on days 15, 21 and 45 after calving). Zn-methionine in comparison to biotin had a lower effect on the milk yield in the cows. Moreover, its supplementation improved the milk content, as well as some of the blood parameters; it also decreased the number of somatic cells in milk. The concurrent administration of biotin and zinc-methionine seemed to be a good method for the prophylaxis of subacute mastitis and for the improvement of the high yielding dairy cows’ productivity.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2011, 14, 1
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative Analysis on the Influence of the Economic Crisis on Education in some European Countries
    Autorzy:
    Zaharia, Marian
    Popescu, Cătălin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633687.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    economic crisis
    first and second stage of tertiary education
    USM education level
    public expenditure on education
    Lisbon objectives in education
    ISCED 1_6
    Opis:
    Purpose – This study intends to present some influences developed during the economic crisis related to the education area in some European countries. The study wants to present a comparative analysis among these European countries.Design/Methodology/Approach – This study is based on the Eurostat data series and is designed due to the statistical data processing.Findings – The study revealed some information and ideas about certain aspects as: changes of population structure by educational attainment level, evolutions of the shares with first and second stage of tertiary education, investments in education and training, age distributions for teachers and trainers, participation rates in education.Research Limitations/Implications – This research is based on Eurostat data series considered relevant by the authors and on some other related analyses or research studies. The paper describes case studies from most of European countries but focuses only on few of them.Practical Implications – This study clarifies the influences of the economic crisis on education in some European countries in order to present a real image related to the evolution of education among Europe. Originality/Value – Even though different studies in the education field were developed, this subject was not analyzed in the manner carried out in this paper.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Synergy and Research; 2015, 4, 1
    2083-0025
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Synergy and Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Międzynarodowa innowacja pedagogiczna „Let’s chat via Snail Mail” przykładem rozwijania umiejętności produktywnej pisania na zajęciach języka angielskiego II etapu edukacyjnego w szkole podstawowej
    The international pedagogical innovation ”Lets chat via Snail Mail” as the example of developing the productive skill of writing during English lessons at the second level of education in primary school
    Autorzy:
    Gryz, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200608.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-28
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    innowacja pedagogiczna
    podstawa programowa
    II etap edukacyjny szkoły podstawowej (klasy IV-VIII)
    sprawność produktywna: pisanie
    egzamin z języka obcego nowożytnego po klasie VIII szkoły podstawowej
    pedagogical innovation
    core curriculum
    the second educational level of primary school (grades IV – VIII)
    the productive skill: writing
    a modern foreign language exam after the eighth grade of primary school
    Opis:
    We wstępie artykułu autorka przybliża definicję innowacji pedagogicznej w odniesieniu do płaszczyzny szkolnej. Następnie, omawia główne zadania szkoły (w nawiązaniu do nowej podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego w szkołach podstawowych z 14.02.2017r.) oraz wybrane elementy z podstawy programowej języka obcego nowożytnego II etapu edukacyjnego, ze szczególnym zwróceniem uwagi na rozwijanie umiejętności produktywnej pisania oraz kompetencji społecznych. Na koniec opisuje przykład pedagogicznej innowacji językowej o zakresie międzynarodowym „Let’s chat via Snail Mail”, wdrażanej w szkole podstawowej województwa mazowieckiego w klasach IV–VII w roku szkolnym 2017/2018.
    At the beginning of the article, the author introduces the definition of pedagogical innovation with reference to the school reality. Next, she discusses the main tasks of the school (in relation to the new core curriculum of general education in primary schools from 14/02/2017) and selected elements from the core curriculum of the modern foreign language of the second educational stage, with particular attention to developing the productive skill of writing and social competence. Finally, she describes the example of pedagogical language innovation with an international scope “Let's chat via Snail Mail”, implemented in the primary school of the Mazovian Voivodeship in grades IV–VII in the school year 2017/2018.
    Źródło:
    Językoznawstwo; 2018, 12; 231-245
    1897-0389
    2391-5137
    Pojawia się w:
    Językoznawstwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pozycja prawna wojewody w procesie przemian II Rzeczypospolitej
    The legal position of the voivode in the process of transforming the Second Republic of Poland
    Autorzy:
    Wojtczak, Krystyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-09-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    political and systemic changes of the highest state authorities
    reconstruction of administration at the local level
    legal position and role of the voivode in the Second Republic of Poland
    Opis:
    The article considers the legal status of the voivode during the interwar period, the time of the difficult restoration of the Polish identity and the creation of the Polish state in the post-Partition lands with three separate systems of territorial division and local administration. The legal situation of the office of the voivode is closely related to the establishment of the systemic foundations of the highest Polish authorities (legislative and executive) and local administration (initially, on the territory of the former Kingdom of Poland and then on the gradually annexed former Polish territories). The author refers to both spheres of legal activity of the Polish state at that time. She discusses the primary political acts, i.e. the March Constitution (1921), the April Constitution (1935) and the Constitutional Act (1926), as well as regulations concerning county administrative authorities of the first instance, situated in the then two-tier (ministries – county offices) administrative apparatus. Attention is primarily focused on the acts directly concerning the position of the voivode, i.e. the Act of 2 August 1919, the Regulation of the President of the Republic of 19 January 1928, and executive acts issued on the basis of these, and against whose background the importance of the legal institution of the voivode is presented: during the time of attempts to unify the administrative system (1918–1928), and in the period of changes leading to a uniform organisational structure of voivodship administrative authorities (1928–1939). The analysis makes it possible to state that successive legal conditions strengthened the political position of the voivode. In both periods covered by the analysis, the voivode was a representative of the government (with broader competences in 1928–1939), the executor of orders from individual ministers, the head of state and local government authorities and offices (1918–1928), the head of general administrative bodies subordinate to him, and the supervisory body over local government (1928–1939). The position of the voivode in the interwar period was unquestionably very strong.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2021, 3, 35; 9-53
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    MOTYWACJA DO NAUKI JĘZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO W DRUGIEJ KLASIE SZKOŁY PODSTAWOWEJ
    Motivation to learn English in the second grade of primary school
    Autorzy:
    Baran-Łucarz, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442974.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Collegium Novum. Polskie Towarzystwo Neofilologiczne
    Tematy:
    poziom i korelaty motywacji
    czynniki wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne
    motyw instrumentalny i integracyjny
    badanie ankietowe
    drugoklasiści
    Polska
    level and correlates of motivation
    internal and external factors
    instrumental and integrative orientations
    questionnaire study
    primary school second graders
    Polska
    Opis:
    The main aim of this paper is to report the outcomes of a questionnaire study diagnosing children’s level of motivation to master English and its potential correlates, conducted among 78 primary school second graders attending one of the biggest public primary schools in Wrocław, Poland. The presentation of results is preceded by a brief overview of motivation models in SLA and analysis of earlier theoretical discussions and research in this area. The data suggest that the motivation level of the participants was high. Interestingly, the internal factors were found to be stronger correlates of motivation intensity (r = .68) than external factors (r = .40/ r = .42). More specifically, the factors most strongly related to motivation were as follows: integrative motives (r = .67), L2 user self-perception (r = .58) and aesthetic assessment of the target language (r = .54).
    Źródło:
    Neofilolog; 2017, 48/1; 119-141
    1429-2173
    Pojawia się w:
    Neofilolog
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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