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Tytuł:
Synthesis of Novel Energetic N-(1-Carboxymethyl-1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-hydrazinium Salts
Autorzy:
Bayat, Y.
Taheripouya, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357924.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
aminotetrazole
hydrazinium salts
nitriminotetrazole
nitrogen-rich salts
nitrogen salt formation
Opis:
Synthesis of materials with acceptable performance and low sensitivity to physical stimuli is one of the overall goals of energetic materials. The creation of networks of hydrogen bonds affords good stability to the trigger bonds. In this respect azole-based ionic high-energy materials (especially aminotetrazoles) and other nitrogen-rich compounds have strong hydrogen bonds. Significant stability, insensitivity to a physical stimulus and also good performance are thus created. In this study salts derived from N-(1-carboxymethyl-1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-hydrazinium chloride were synthesized. Anion exchange of the chlorine with nitrate, 5-aminotetrazolate, (5-amino-tetrazole-1-yl)-acetate and (5-nitriminotetrazole-1-yl)-acetate was performed, with precipitation of AgCl. All of the products were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact sensitivity and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Among the advantages of this study are the use of methods and available equipment and low-risk solvents during the reaction and the formation of minimum by-products.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 3; 420-434
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of adsorption behavior of phosphonium salts onto Na-montmorillonite
Autorzy:
Cinku, K.
Baysal, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110682.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Na-montmorillonite
phosphonium salts
adsorption
Opis:
Montmorillonite is an important clay mineral due to its cation exchange capacity and technological properties such as swelling and gelling. It has been widely used in many scientific applications like organoclay. Adsorption studies, involving montmorillonite in the presence of variety of organic compounds, like ammonium and phosphonium salts, are very important because of their application in organoclay and polymer nanocomposites. These materials have a high thermal resistivity. Different types of phosphonium salts, including hexadecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (HTPB), hexadecyl tributyl phosphonium bromide (HTBPB), and tetraphenyl phosphonium bromide (TPB), were used to investigate their adsorption on Na-montmorillonite. They have different structures and TPB contains only one aromatic part without any organic chain, HTBPB possess an organic chain with three branches while HTPB has an organic chain and an aromatic part. The adsorption of the surfactants was supplemented with other properties such as zeta potential, surface tension, and ability to flocculation. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior of these surfactants depended on their structure.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2014, 50, 2; 417-432
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Environmentally and Economically Feasibility Manufacturing Process of Potassium Nitrate for Small Scale Industries: A Review
Autorzy:
Joshi, C. S.
Shukla, M. R.
Patel, K.
Joshi, J. S.
Sahu, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Chemical
discharge
ions
Salts
Waste
Opis:
Potassium Nitrate (PN) is of the basic need of chemical industry. With increase of demand in different production section of fertilizer, pharmaceutical, explosive, food industry etc, potassium nitrate the production becoming non economical to industry. The operating conditions and parameters are the main factors, which responsible for maximised the profits. The main aim of this study is to compared the production potassium nitrate in profitable as well as environmentally suitability way. From the literature different manufacturing process has been summarized for concluding this study.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2015, 41; 88-99
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis of a quaternary polyprenyl ammonium salt
Autorzy:
Sizova, Olga
Utkina, Natalia
Kalinchuk, Nadezhda
Danilov, Leonid
Maltsev, Sergey
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
polyprenol
quaternary ammonium salts
cationic lipids
Opis:
Reaction of primary C55-allylic alcohol moraprenol (WT3C7-9-OH, a polyprenol from mulberry leaves) with triethylamine in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride leads to a quaternary ammonium chloride with a good yield (72%) and high cis-stereoselectivity of the terminal isoprene unit. Cationic polyprenyl derivatives may be useful for transfection and immunological studies.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2007, 54, 4; 869-872
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of mineral materials for salinity control in roadside soils
Autorzy:
Łuczak, Katarzyna
Pisarek, Izabella
Kusza, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
urban soils
readily soluble salts
desalination
Opis:
This paper presents the results of a fi eld study on using mineral materials (fine-grained sand and medium- -grained gravel) to reduce the concentration of readily soluble salts in a roadside environment. The investigated soils were Rendzic Sceletic Leptosols from an urban area characterized by a shallow humus horizon with a high content of skeletal parts, as well as a lack of homogeneity of the material in the soil profile. All soil samples were taken from five plots located along the main streets in the city of Opole (Southern Poland). It was revealed that the use of fine-grained sand and medium-grained gravel improved the structure of the surface soil layer, and thus favoured the migration of Na+ and Cl- ions into the soil profile. In comparison to control surfaces readily soluble salts were reduced with gravel and sand application. Furthermore, the mineral materials introduced on the soil surface for salinity neutralization did not affect the quality of the tested roadside calcareous soils. The results indicate that the use of mineral materials reduces soil salinity caused by NaCl. They also show the need to find new methods of salt neutralization, especially of roadside soils in order to improve and protect the quality of the environment.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2020, 46, 2; 83-90
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mineralogical and geochemical studies of secondary mineral assemblages related to deterioration of building materials
Autorzy:
Marszałek, Mariola
Dudek, Krzysztof
Gaweł, Adam
Czerny, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
stone deterioration
secondary salts
aphthitalite
darapskite
Opis:
The study was aimed at mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of secondary phases related to deterioration of historic building materials. The investigations, carried out in the Holy Trinity Basilica in Kraków, Poland, focused on the southern facade of the 17th-century Myszkowskis Chapel, built of the Miocene Pińczów limestone. Lower part of the facade is covered with a cement render, and the exposed foundations are made of Jurassic limestone and Cretaceous sandstone, both of local origin from the Kraków region and neighbouring Carpathians, in the form of irregular blocks bound with a cement mortar. The wall surface exhibits clear signs of damage; from dark grey soiling and scaling to efflorescences. Sampled materials, deteriorated, altered crusts and efflorescences were analysed with optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman microspectroscopy methods. The secondary minerals distinguished include abundant gypsum CaSO42H2O, less common thenardite Na2SO4 (and/or mirabilite Na2SO410H2O), aphthitalite (K, Na)3Na(SO4)2, darapskite Na3(SO4)(NO3)H2O, ettringite Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 26H2O, monosulphite Ca4Al2O6SO311H2O, as well as scarce nitre KNO3, nitratine NaNO3 and halite NaCl. Gypsum usually forms surface crusts and fills the pores inside some materials. The efflorescences, sampled from the exposed foundations, consisted of thenardite and/or mirabilite, aphthitalite and darapskite, whereas ettringite and monosulphite were connected with cement renders. Traces of nitre, nitratine and halite were detected at various elements of the chapel facade and foundations. The origin of the salts is related to composition and physicochemical properties of the building materials, as well as to anthropogenic factors.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2019, 63, 4; 683--698
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metoda zagospodarowania odpadowego siarczanu(VI) żelaza(II)
Method of waste disposal of waste iron(II) sulphate(VI)
Autorzy:
Chyc, M.
Wielgus, Ż.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska
Tematy:
ilmenit
sole żelaza
pigment
ilmenite
iron salts
Opis:
Polska jest znaczącym producentem bieli tytanowej w oparciu o ilmenit (FeTiO3). Biel tytanowa (TiO2) to istotny produkt przemysłowy znajdujący zastosowanie w produkcji farb. W wyniku produkcji bieli tytanowej opartej na ilmenicie powstaje znaczny strumień odpadowego FeSO4, którego zagospodarowanie stanowi od wielu lat istotny problem technologiczny. Powstały odpad zawiera szereg zanieczyszczeń, które ograniczają jego zagospodarowanie. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań polegających na przekształceniu odpadu w postaci FeSO4·H2O w magnetyt (Fe3O4) posiadający zastosowanie jako: pigment do barwienia betonu, dodatek paliwowy, składnik ciężkiej cieczy stosowanej przy przeróbce mechanicznej węgla.
Poland is a significant producer of titanium white based on ilmenite (FeTiO3). The titanium white (TiO2) is an important industrial product used in the paints production. As a result of the production of titanium white based on ilmenite, a significant waste stream of FeSO4 is formed, which has been a major industrial problem since many years. The resulting waste contains a number of impurities that limit its disposal. The article presents the results of research on the chemical conversion of waste as FeSO4·H2O in magnetite (Fe3O4), used as.: concrete colorant, fuel additive, component of heavy liquid for coal processing.
Źródło:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska; 2018, 20, 2; 9-16
1733-4381
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis and Characterization of the Energetic Compounds Aminoguanidinium-, Triaminoguanidiniumand Azidoformamidinium Perchlorate
Autorzy:
Klapötke, T. M.
Stierstorfer, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
perchlorates
energetic salts
calorimetry
X-ray
DSC
Opis:
Aminoguanidinium perchlorate (2, AGClO4) was formed by the reaction of aminoguanidinium bicarbonate (1) with aqueous perchloric acid solution. Triaminoguanidinium perchlorate (3, TAGClO4) was synthesized by nucleophilic attack of aqueous hydrazine solution on aminoguanidinium perchlorate under release of ammonia. The new and highly explosive azidoformamidinium perchlorate (4, AFClO4) was formed by the reaction of aminoguanidinium perchlorate with potassium nitrite under acidic conditions. The structures of the perchlorate salts in the crystalline state were determined using low temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction yielding monoclinic as well as orthorhombic structures. The compounds were characterized comprehensively using vibrational spectroscopy (IR and Raman), multinuclear (1H, 13C and 15N) NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. The thermal behavior as well as the decompositions were investigated using DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and the heats of formation were calculated using heats of combustion determined by bomb calorimetric measurements. In addition, the sensitivities were evaluated using BAM methods (drophammer and friction tester), whereby the perchlorate salts are all sensitive towards impact as well as friction.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2008, 5, 1; 13-30
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of cyanide salts and ferrous sulphate on pyrite flotation
Autorzy:
Kostovic, M.
Vucinic, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110668.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
pyrite
flotation
ferrous sulphate
cyanide salts
depression
Opis:
The effect of cyanide salts as depressants, i.e. sodium cyanide (NaCN) and complex cyanide salts such as potassium ferricyanide (K3Fe(CN)6) and potassium ferrocyanide (K4Fe(CN)6), as well as combination of sodium cyanide with ferrous sulphate (FeSO4/NaCN) on pyrite flotation was investigated. Tests covered the frothless flotation of pyrite under different concentrations of depressants at various solution pH’s with potassium butyl xanthate (KBX) as collector. Flotation test results have shown that NaCN, and even more the combination of reagents FeSO4/NaCN are more successful in pyrite depression than complex cyanide salts, such as K3Fe(CN)6 and K4Fe(CN)6. Surface characteristics of pyrite were studied using rest potential (Eh) measurements and infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (ATR-IR). In the presence of tested reagents in the flotation system, iron cyanide compounds and hydrated iron oxides were formed on pyrite surface. The composition of formed compounds depends not only on cyanide ions in the solution, but also on the pH of the system and solution species. These compounds, depending on the reagents used, are responsible for the resulting efficiency of the pyrite depression.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2016, 52, 2; 609-619
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of salts from winter road maintenance on selected properties of roadside soils
Autorzy:
Świdwa-Urbańska, J.
Obrzut, P.
Ogiela, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
roadside soils
road salts
road de-icing
Opis:
The impact of winter addition of salts to roadside soils was studied for the national road No. 28 in Poland, in Małopolska Region. The measured sections of the road No. 28 are two access ways to the city of Grybów. According to instructions of GDDiKA (General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways) both sampled routes: Grybów–Gorlice (sampling section G-G) and the section Nowy Sącz-Grybów (N-G) were included in II standard of winter road maintenance. The general increase in soil salinity, chloride concentration and pH values from the roadside soils was evidenced by the difference of results of two sampling campaigns, before and after winter season of 2015/16. Salinity indicators showed significant increase, even though weather winter season 2015/16 was rated as mild and road de-icing salts were applied at less-than-average rate. Soil hydraulic properties were calculated estimated from soil texture using pedo-transfer functions for estimating the dynamics of salts into soils, suggesting easy leaching of salts from topsoil.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2016, IV/3; 1521-1534
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Decopperization and Coagulation by Use the Carbon-N-Ox Method
Autorzy:
Bydałek, A.
Migas, P.
Wołczyński, W.
Karwan-Baczewska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
crystals morphology
calcium compounds
copper slag
salts
Opis:
This paper discusses the impact of complex chemical reagents during the process of decopperisation of slag. The beneficial effect of carbide response factors with the participation of nitrogen was indicated as well as the role of stimulators surfactants. Based on the results of the research the basic structure of the slag during decopperisation was systematized. The effects of coagulation of droplets of copper in the slag were shown in this paper.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 2375-2380
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energetic Nitrogen-rich Salts
Autorzy:
Wu, J.-W.
Zhang, J.-G.
Zhang, T.-L.
Yang, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
energetic salts
synthesis
characterization
crystal structure
review
Opis:
Energetic salts as a unique class of energetic materials have recently been investigated widely, since they possess advantages over their atomically similar nonionic analogues – they tend to exhibit lower vapor pressures, higher densities and better thermal stabilities. Furthermore, these salts are readily improved upon by the appropriate combination of different cations and anions. Over the last twenty years, our group has continued to synthesize and study novel ionic energetic materials. Here, we have summarized all of the series of nitrogen-rich energetic salts. This review gives an overview of the various studies dealing with synthetic aspects and some of the physicochemical properties of ionic compounds that are based on ammonia, guanidine, semicarbazide, carbohydrazide, tetrazine, tetrazole, triazole and imidazole. In addition, their potential applications in the fields of explosives and propellants are discussed. We hope these investigations will be helpful in providing a wider insight for future research in the area of energetic salts.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 3; 417-437
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Montmorillonite modified by unsaturated compatibilizing agents and by ionizing radiation as a potential filler in polymeric composites
Autorzy:
Nowicki, A.
Przybytniak, G.
Starosta, W.
Sartowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
composites
montmorillonite
unsaturated ammonium salts
radiation treatment
Opis:
For last several years we have studied modifications of montmorillonite (MMT) with different agents and the structural changes resulting from the processes. The aim of present work was focused on the preparation of polymer composites from epoxy resin and dispersed phase modified chemically and subsequently activated by irradiation. The paper presents investigations concerning intercalation of MMT by the synthesized unsaturated organophilic agents (on the basis of quaternary ammonium salts). The process was studied by: wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), Fourier- -transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); additionally mechanical properties of the polymer composite as well as its microscopic structure were tested. It was found that unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts can intercalate between MMT layers. The possibility of radiation-induced compatibilization between modified MMT particles and polymeric matrix was also studied. It was confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy that in the synthesized salts stable radicals are formed during irradiation, however their influence on mechanical properties of the final composite is insignificant.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 351-357
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inkluzje w solach bitumicznych wysadu kłodawskiego
Inclusions in bituminous salts from Kłodawa Salt Dome
Autorzy:
Toboła, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/183551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
wysad Kłodawa
cechsztyn
sole bitumiczne
sole epigenetyczne
inkluzje fluidalne
Kłodawa Salt Dome
Zechstein
bituminous salts
epigenetic salts
fluid inclusions
Opis:
Tak zwane sole bitumiczne są rodzajem skał solnych wykazującym znaczną zawartość węglowodorów nadającą im specyficzny kolor i zapach. W wysadzie kłodawskim występują w formie nagromadzeń o różnych wielkościach i kształtach. Najczęściej tworzą one nieregularne smugi, soczewki lub pasma o zróżnicowanych barwach zmieniających się od jasnożółtego po ciemnobrązowy. Badania petrologiczne tych utworów w płytkach grubych wykazały obecność bardzo różnorodnie wykształconych zespołów inkluzji fluidalnych. Zmienność ta dotyczy zarówno rozmiarów i kształtów inkluzji, jak i stosunku fazy gazowej do ciekłej oraz roztworów do zawartości węglowodorów. Pod tym względem wyróżnionych zostało siedem głównych typów zespołów inkluzji, pomiędzy którymi występują typy pośrednie. Występujące w poszczególnych zespołach inkluzji węglowodory także wykazują dużą różnorodność pod względem własności optycznych zarówno w świetle widzialnym, jak i ultrafioletowym.
The so-called bituminous salts are a kind of salt rocks, which display considerable amounts of hydrocarbons giving them a specific colour and smell. In Kłodawa Salt Dome they occur as concentrations of various size and shape. Most often they form irregular streaks, lenses or bands of salts with different colours changing from light yellow to dark brown. The petrological investigations of such salts in thick plates showed a presence of very different fluid inclusion assemblages (FIA). They vary in size of inclusions, their shapes, the ratio of the gas to liquid phase and the ratio of solutions to hydrocarbons. In this respect, seven main types of FIA were distinguished including intermediate types, as well. Hydrocarbons occurring in singular FIA also show diversity in terms of optical properties in visible and ultraviolet light.
Źródło:
Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie; 2010, 36, 3; 345-365
0138-0974
Pojawia się w:
Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Silica materials with biocidal activity
Autorzy:
Chmilewska, D.
Łukasiewicz, A.
Michalik, J.
Sartowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
biocides
quaternary N-alkylammonium salts
silver metallized coatings
Opis:
Pathogenic microorganisms like fungi, bacteria and algae are harmful to human beings and animals. Moreover, they contribute to the destruction of building materials by their biodegradation. Therefore, they create serious hazard for the natural environment. To prevent these phenomena, different materials with biocidal activity are being developed. In elaboration of such materials, one of the most difficult problems to be solved is the achievement of their high effectiveness in controlling harmful microorganism population with the guarantee of safety of their application to the natural environment and humans. As a result of investigation carried out in the INCT on new biocides based on quaternary N-alkylammonium salts (QAC), mainly benzalkonium chloride, and water glass (WG) large group of new silica materials with biocidal activity were synthesised. Possibilities of technology modification in order to obtain different profitable properties of materials are presented in the paper. Preliminary investigations concerning biocidal activity against selected mould fungi, bacteria and algae were performed. Results of microbiological investigations proved stable effectiveness of biocides for protection from harmful microorganisms growth, which does not decrease even after washing of biocidal material with water. Silica materials with biocidal activity due to structural binding of biocidal agent (QAC) can be applied in building industry as materials of high ecological safety.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51,suppl.1; 69-72
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wytwarzanie niskich temperatur metodą chłodzenia magnetycznego
Generation of low temperatures by the magnetic cooling method
Autorzy:
Kotynia, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
chłodzenie magnetyczne
sól paramagnetyczna
magnetic refrigeration
paramagnetic salts
Opis:
The discussed process of lowering temperature (below 1 K) concerns the utilization of the magnetic properties of paramagnetic materials. The most important achievements and the progress in the field of low temperatures have been presented. The use of the effect of adiabatic paramagnetic material demagnetization known for over a hundred years has brought about numerous evident benefits. Although the magnetic cooling process is still not commonly used it is applied, for example, as an auxiliary way of attaining low temperatures of around 0 K, but its application is not common. This is due to the fact that the scientists are still searching for an appropriate material which would provide the capability to reduce the temperature to a sufficiently low level. So far, paramagnetic salts and alums, among others, have been used in the adiabatic demagnetization process, but the efficiency of those compounds is too low as against the needs.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2015, 2; 24-31
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physico-chemical quality of drinking water in the south of Algeria (Case of El-Oued region) study of excess minerals
Autorzy:
Zobeidi, A.
Moussaoui, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
mineral salts
drinking water
El-Oued
urinary calculi
Opis:
The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical composition of water intended for human consumption in several regions of El-Oued - Algeria. Excess minerals in drinking water, including magnesium, calcium, sulfates, chloride and fluorides play a fundamental role in the prevention of urinary calculi, which are formed mainly from calcium oxalate. The results revealed that wholes water samples are analyzed magnesium ([Mg 2+] > 50 mg / L). The rate of sulfate ions average 638 mg / l, exceeding the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) recommended by WHO ([SO42ˉ] > 250 mg / L). In addition, 85 % had excess fluoride [Fˉ] > 0.85 mg / L, and 100 % are calcium, the rate of Ca2+ is greater than 150 mg / L.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 11; 38-43
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego w badaniach genezy i określeniu wielkości polskich zasobów solnych po II wojnie światowej
Contribution of the Polish Geological Institute to studies on the origin and assessment of Polish salt resources after World War II
Autorzy:
Czapowski, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075957.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
geneza
rezerwy
sole
Polska
genesis
reserves
salts
Polska
Opis:
The Polish Geological Institute (PIG),established in 1919 as the geological survey, during the last 100 years carried out geological prospection of Poland, worked out the actual knowledge of geology and hydrogeology of the country, as well as discovered most of mineral deposits, essential to the national economy. This synthetic review presents the PIG achievements in prospecting and documenting of most deposits of rock and potash salts as well as in successful creation and application of new methodology and technics (e.g. chemostratigraphy, resource aspects of facies analysis, 3D images of salt deposits and structures, interferometry) to predict salt occurrences with optimal resource parameters, explain the tectonic and stratigraphic problems and to propose tools favoring the mining safety. The data regarding regional geology, collected during a century, enabled estimation of accessible prospective resources of both salt types and selection of optimal salt occurrences forfuture management as storages for hydrocarbons, gas (air, hydrogen) and safe waste disposals.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2019, 67, 4; 241--251
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electrorefining of High Carbon Ferromanganese in Molten Salts to Produce Pure Ferromanganese
Autorzy:
Xiao, S.J.
Liu, W.
Gao, L.
Zhang, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high carbon ferromanganese
electrorefining
molten salts
pure ferromanganese
Opis:
High carbon ferromanganese is used as a starting material to prepare pure ferromanganese by electrorefining in molten salts. High carbon ferromanganese was applied as the anode, molybdenum was the cathode and Ag/AgCl was the reference electrode. The anodic dissolution was investigated by linear polarization in molten NaCl-KCl system. Then potentiostatic electrolysis was carried out to produce pure ferromanganese from high carbon ferromanganese. The cathodic product was determined to be a mixture of manganese and iron by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The content of carbon in the product was analyzed by carbon and sulfur analyzer. The post-electrolysis anode was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanism of the anode dissolution and the distribution of the main impurity of carbon and silicon after electrolysis were discussed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1505-1509
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Renovation of buildings having damp and salted walls - case analyses
Renowacje budynków z zawilgoconymi i zasolonymi murami - analiza przypadków
Autorzy:
Brachaczek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
renovation plasters
salts in walls
moisture in walls
Opis:
This article discusses the issue of renovation of buildings having damp and salted walls. The results of conservation research on the walls of two historical buildings from the beginning of the 20th century are presented. It was determined that the walls of the buildings are burdened with moisture and salts. The use of traditional cement and limestone plaster for renovation of such walls, due to their low diffusivity, is a temporary and short-term solution. A suitable material is a renovation plaster, which should be selected depending on the properties of the wall. Various approaches to the renovation of these two buildings were presented. Where moisture was caused by capillary rise, the moisture barrier was first restored and a system of renovation plasters consisting of rough coat, undercoat plaster, hydrophobic plaster and paint coating was used. In the second case, due to only a partial replacement of the plasters, after protection of the facade against rainwater, the plasters will be supplemented with renovation rough coat and hydrophobic renovation plaster. Before applying the paint coating, the entire surface will be covered with a renovating lime putty.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura; 2021, 20, 2; 51-64
1644-0633
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Diffusion Annealing on Borides Layers Produced on XC38 Steel
Autorzy:
Rayane, K.
Allaoui, O.
Allaoui, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
boriding
molten salts
annealing diffusion
XC38 steel
Opis:
In this work, we present a study of the effect of diffusion annealing at 700°C for 1 h on the nature and properties of boride layers obtained on XC38 steel through a molten salt consisting of borax (Na₂B₄O₇) and boron carbide (B₄C). We evaluated the changes brought by the diffusion annealing on the morphology of the boride layer, the thickness of this layer, the distribution of elements in the steel, and the hardness. Comparing the results obtained allowed concluding that the diffusion annealing will completely transform the two-phase layer formed of FeB and Fe₂B borides in a single-phase layer consisting of single boride Fe₂B. The transformation of the two-phase boride into a single-phase boride is done with an increase in thickness of about 30% compared to the initial thickness of the sample. The values of Si concentration obtained in the underlying zone after the diffusion annealing treatment are more important than those obtained in the same underlying zone of samples borided directly by immersion in molten salt consisting of borax and silicon carbide (SiC).
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 521-523
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of the Influence of Cooling Salts upon the Explosive Performance of Emulsion Explosives
Autorzy:
Papliński, A.
Maranda, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
emulsion explosives
cooling salts
explosion temperature and energy
Opis:
Emulsion explosives modified by the addition of cooling salts have been investigated. Sodium chloride and ammonium chloride were added as cooling agents. The research was carried out to develop emulsion explosives that can be applied in the coal mining industry. The particular requirements for the considered explosives must ensure a low hazard degree when used in the presence of coal dust and/or methane. Experimental determination of the detonation velocity confirmed that the satisfactory performance of the investigated emulsion explosives, modified by the addition of these cooling salts, was preserved. In all of the investigated samples, the detonation velocity was about 4500 m/s, with salt contents of about 10-15%. In order to explore the thermodynamic characteristics of the investigated explosives, the chemical composition as well as the state parameters of the detonation and explosion products were evaluated. In these analyses, the cooling additives were allowed to become involved in chemical reactions during the attainment of thermodynamic equilibrium in the reacting mixture. The results obtained show reciprocal relations between the partial loss of explosive performance (diminution in explosion energy and lowering of the amount of products in the gaseous phase) and the desired reduction in temperature of the explosion products.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 3; 523-535
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Removal of Organic Matter From Surface Water Using Coagulants With Various Basicity
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123320.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
coagulation
pre-hydrolyzed aluminium salts
organic matter
water
Opis:
Humic substances are a natural admixture of surface water and determine the level of organic pollution of water and colour intensity. Application of coagulation process in surface water treatment allows for decrease turbidity and colour of water, as well as organic matter content. In Poland most drinking water treatment plants use aluminium sulphate as a coagulant. Research works on pre-hydrolyzed coagulants, e.g. polyaluminium chlorides (general formula Aln(OH)mCl3n-m) are also carried out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using polyaluminium chlorides with different basicity, in reducing the level of pollution of surface water with organic substances. Apart from the typical indicators used to evaluate the content of organic compounds, the potential for trihalomethanes formation THM-FP was also determined. The influence of the type of coagulant (low, medium, highly alkaline) on the efficiency of organic compound removal, determined as total organic carbon TOC, oxidisability OXI, absorbance UV254, was stated. Under the conditions of the coagulation (pH 7.2–7.4, temperature of 19–21°C), the best results were obtained using highly alkaline polyaluminium chlorides PAX-XL19F, PAX-XL1905 and PAX-XL1910S, decrease in TOC and OXI by 43–46%, slightly worse – 40–41% using low alkaline PAX18. Using the medium alkaline coagulants PAX-XL61 and PAXX-XL69, 30–35% removal of organic matter was obtained. Despite various effects of dissolved organic carbon removal, depending on the used coagulant, THM-FP in purified water did not differ significantly and ranged from 10.0 to 10.9 mgCHCl3 m-3. It was by 37–42% lower than in surface water.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 3; 66-72
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Mineral Salt on Reactive Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Ultrafiltration
Autorzy:
Ahmed, Arif Eftekhar
Majewska-Nowak, Katarzyna
Grzegorzek, Martyna
Szymanek, Igor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
reactive dye
ultrafiltration
dye rejection
flux
mineral salts
Opis:
The effect of mineral salt on the reactive dye removal was evaluated by using flat ultrafiltration (UF) membranes made of polyethersulfone (PES) and regenerated cellulose (C). Five reactive dyes varied in molecular weight (Reactive Orange 16, Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Reactive Orange 20, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Read 120) were used in the UF experiments. The applied membranes were characterized by the cut-off value equal to 10 kDa. The ultrafiltration process was performed in a dead-end mode under the transmembrane pressure of 0.2 MPa. Dye concentration in model solutions was equal to 100 mg/dm3. Two various mineral salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) were chosen to simulate the composition of dye-house baths. The concentration of monovalent and divalent salt in model dye solutions amounted to 1–2 g/dm3. Transport and separation properties of the UF membranes towards reactive dyes and mineral salts were evaluated. It was found that the separation efficiency of all tested dyes was dependent on the mineral salt presence. The effect of mineral salt on dye retention was more pronounced for membrane made of regenerated cellulose (C) than for polyethersulfone membrane (PES). In the case of the C membrane the dye retention coefficients varied in the wide range – from 55 to 83%, whereas for PES membrane the degree of dye separation was less diverse and amounted to 81–96%. The presence of mineral salt in water and dye solutions generally worsen the membrane permeability due to osmotic pressure increase as well as enhancing adsorptive fouling of dye particles in membrane matrix.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 10; 239--247
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Baseny solne triasu na obszarze Polski
Triassic salt basins in the Poland area
Autorzy:
Czapowski, G.
Tomassi-Morawiec, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192110.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Górnictwa Solnego
Tematy:
sole kamienne
trias
Polska
rock salts
Triassic
Polska
Opis:
Na obszarze Polski sole triasu formowały się u schyłku dolnego triasu (ret) oraz w górnym triasie (środkowy kajper; tab. 1). Sole retu, grubości do kilkunastu metrów, rozpoznane w 1 otworze wiertniczym (Ryc. 1A-B), występują jako cienkie (cm grubości) chlorkowe przewarstwienia w sukcesji siarczanowo węglanowej, zaś ich cechy strukturalne i zawartość bromu (48-62 ppm) sugerują powstanie w środowisku okresowo zasolonego zbiornika jeziornego. Sole kajpru, grubości 40-143 m, zarejestrowane w 5 otworach wiertniczych (ryc. 2A-B), budują 1-3 pokłady grubości dcm-m w zdominowanej przez iłowce i mułowce sukcesji dolnych warstw gipsowych. Ich wykształcenie i niska (0-42 ppm) zawartośc bromu wskazują na powstanie soli w środowisku okresowo zasolonego zbiornika jeziornego. Prawdopodobne sole dolnego triasu są produktem naturalnej ewaporacji dolnotriasowego zbiornika morskiego, natomiast w górnym triasie ewaporacja schyłkowego zbiornika środkowotriasowego mogła być wzbogacona ługami z niszczenia odsłoniętych soli kamiennych dolnego triasu i/lub najmłodszych wydzieleń solnych cechsztynu, budujących strop formujących się struktur wysadowych. Pomimo dotychczasowego słabego stopnia poznania omawianych soli triasu należy jednak cieniach ich ekonomiczną wartość jako znikomą ze względu na stosunkowo niewielką grubość serii solnych (kilkanaście m - sole retu, do 90 m – sole kajpru) i dużą głębokość występowania (ponad 1680 m - sole retu, 1200-3250 m – sole kajpru).
Except the well recognized chlorides of Late Permian (Zechstein) and the Neogene (Middle Miocene) age in Poland also the salts were accumulated here within the limited evaporate basins during the late Lower (Upper Bunter = Röt) and in the Upper (Middle Keuper) Triassic (Tab. 1, Figs 1A, 2A). The Röt rock salts with thickness >13 m were developed as interbeds of white to beige, polymorphic to giant secondary halites, cm to 9 m thick, incorporated within the sulphate-dolomitic succession of I Gypsum Beds (Fig. 1B). Their structures and bromine content (48-62 ppm) suggested accumulation in a salt pan of broad sabkha, being the marginal part of shallow marine evaporate basin, existed then in SW Poland area (Fig. 1A). The Middle Kuper salts, 40 to 143 m thick, created 1-3 seams with the profile of Lower Gypsum Beds, dominated by claystones and siltstones with sulphate-carbonate interbeds (Fig. 2B). Chlorides were developed as polymorphic to giant secondary halites, white, beige to honey and pink, with anhydrite aggregates and dispersed clay matter. Their structures and low bromine content (0 to 42 ppm) indicated deposition in a seasonally evaporated continental lake of the playa system, occupied that time the central Poland area (Fig. 2B) and supplied with salt brines from eroded emerged salt of the Lower Triassic and the youngest Zechstein. The commented Triassic salts became hitherto only preliminary studied because of rare core material (5 boreholes). Their economic value seems low because of a relatively small salt bed thickness (up to 9 m of Röt salts and up to 90 m of Keuper ones) and their deep occurrence (depth >1680 m for Röt salts and 1200-3250 m for the Keuper ones).
Źródło:
Przegląd Solny; 2016, 12; 51--55
2300-9349
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Solny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Single-walled carbon nanotubes fractionation via electrophoresis
Autorzy:
Scheibe, B.
Lukaszczuk, P.
Rümmeli, M. H.
Kalenczuk, R. J.
Borowiak-Palen, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
SWCNTs
sole diazoniowe
frakcjonowanie
elektroforeza
diazonium salts
fractionation
electrophoresis
Opis:
This work presents the influence of the sonication time on the efficiency of the metallic/semiconducting (M/S) fractionation of diazonium salt functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) via free solution electrophoresis (FSE) method. The SWCNTs synthesized via laser ablation were purified from amorphous carbon and catalyst particles through high vacuum annealing and subsequent refluxing processes in aqua regia solutions, respectively. The purified material was divided into two batches. The SWCNTs samples were dispersed in 1% SDS solution in ultrasound bath for 2 and 12 hours. Both dispersed SWCNTs samples were functionalized with p-aminobenzoic acid diazonium salt and fractionated via free solution electrophoresis method. Afterwards, the fractionated samples were recovered, purified from surfactant/functionalities by annealing and investigated via UV-Vis-NIR optical absorption spectroscopy (OAS). The efficiency of the fractionation process was estimated through the comparison of the van Hove singularities (vHS) presented in the obtained fractions to the starting SWCNTs.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2011, 13, 3; 1-4
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Otrzymywanie i badanie właściwości wysokoazotowych soli 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazolu
Synthesis and properties of high nitrogen salts of 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazole
Autorzy:
Lewczuk, R.
Szala, M.
Rećko, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/210363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
materiały wybuchowe
TNBI
sole wysokoazotowe
explosives
high nitrogen salts
Opis:
Nitrowe pochodne imidazolu stanowią interesującą grupę materiałów wysokoenergetycznych. Jednym z nich jest 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazol (TNBI), który posiada wysokie parametry detonacyjne oraz niską wrażliwość na bodźce mechaniczne. Dzięki temu mógłby znaleźć zastosowanie w nowoczesnych paliwach rakietowych i kompozycjach wybuchowych. Niestety materiał ten posiada dużą higroskopijność i nie może być stosowany samodzielnie. Rozwiązaniem tego problemu jest tworzenie soli. W ciągu ostatnich kilku lat ukazało się wiele publikacji dotyczących TNBI i jego soli, ale wciąż brakuje wyników rzetelnych badań eksperymentalnych na temat ich właściwości. W ramach niniejszej pracy otrzymano nowe wysokoazotowe sole TNBI — 3-amino-1,2,4-triazolową oraz 4-amino-1,2,4-triazolową. Struktura produktów została potwierdzona technikami spektroskopii jądrowego rezonansu magnetycznego (NMR). Właściwości termiczne zbadano metodą różnicowej analizy termicznej i termograwimetrii (DTA/TG).
Nitro derivatives of imidazole form an interesting group of high-energy materials. One of them is 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazole (TNBI) which has high detonation parameters and could be used in modern propellants or explosive compositions. Unfortunately it is very hygroscopic and can be used only in form of salt. An important feature of these materials is their low sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. In the past few years, several publications about TNBI and its salts have been released but still there are no results of complex study on detonation parameters. In this work, new high-nitrogen salts of TNBI were synthesized - 3-amino-1,2,4-triazolium and 4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium 4,4’,5,5’- tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazolate. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed with NMR spectroscopy. Thermal properties were investigated with DTA/TG analysis.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2015, 64, 3; 15-26
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ewaporaty Katalonii 2014 – wyprawa Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Górnictwa Solnego
Catalonian evaporites 2014 - the expedition of Polish Salt Mining Association
Autorzy:
Bukowski, K.
Czapowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Górnictwa Solnego
Tematy:
ewaporaty
sole potasowe
Katalonia
Hiszpania
evaporites
potash salts
Catalonia
Spain
Opis:
Celem kolejnej wyprawy Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Górnictwa Solnego w 2014 roku było poznanie geologii utworów ewaporatowych, w tym też soli, w rozległym trzeciorzędowym basenie katalońskim na przedpolu Pirenejów. Basen ten wykazuje pewne analogie w budowie i rozkładzie facji do polskiego zapadliska przedkarpackiego, lecz jego gigantyczne rozmiary i długa historia rozwoju sprzyjały powstaniu osadów potasonośnych. Podczas bogatego programu badań terenowych poznano wykształcenie utworów siarczanowych z obrzeża basenu salinarnego (gipsy w rejonie Odena i Vilobi) oraz serii potasonośnych z centrum panwi ewaporacyjnych (czynne kopalnie soli potasowych w Suria i Sallent oraz kopalnia-muzeum w Cardona). Facje klastyczne krawędzi basenu katalońskiego były widoczne w ścianach stromych klifów góry Montserrat.
Following expedition of the Polish Salt Mining Association in 2014 was dedicated to geology of evaporites, especially the salts, developed in the giant Tertiary Catalonian Basin (Fig. 1) located on the Pyrenean foreland. This basin has same analogies in its structure and facies pattern to the Polish Carpathian Foredeep, but its extent and the long history favoured generation of potash-bearing sediments (Fig. 2). The numerous field stops of geological tour enabled to study the development of sulphate deposits from the salinary basin margin e. g. gypsum from Odena (Figs 6-7) and Vilobi (Figs 14-17) and of the potash-bearing series from the evaporite pans in the active potash mines in Suria (Fig. 3, 5), Sallent (Fig. 4) and in the old mine-museum in Cardona (Figs 8-11). The clastic facies of the Catalonian basin frames were visible in the steep cliff walls of Montserrat Mountain (Fig. 12).
Źródło:
Przegląd Solny; 2015, 11; 116--128
2300-9349
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Solny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heterocyclic Salt Synthesis and Rational Properties Tailoring
Autorzy:
Shackelford, S. A.
Belletire, J. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
binary heterocyclic salts
heterocyclic salt synthesis
ionic liquids
bridged heterocyclic di-cation salts
rational structure design
predictive properties modification
tailored performance behavior
thermochemical
Opis:
Chemical structure determines the inherent properties displayed by a given compound, and these properties, in turn, produce a specifc performance behavior. Rationally designing chemical structure to predictably modify compound properties, such that performance behavior can be tailored in a controlled manner, defnes the objective of a pertinent synthesis effort. Achieving this objective by introducing structural alterations in a neutral covalent compound offers only one approach for resultant properties modifcation. Heterocyclic salts signifcantly enhance the fexibility for achieving properties modifcation via three strategic approaches: (1) compositionally pairing various cation structural classes with a number of anion structural classes, (2) systematically altering the structure of the cation; and, (3) systematically altering the structure of the anion. To illustrate this premise, four general synthesis methods to synthesize heterocyclic salts, including several new binary heterocyclium icosahedral closo-borane and closo- carborane salts, frst are outlined. Secondly, properties modifcation approaches of neutral covalent compounds are then compared with those approaches available for various heterocyclic salts. Lastly, a key example, using three unsaturated bridged heterocyclium di-cation salts, demonstrates how rational structure design, and its effect on resultant predictable properties modifcation, produces tailored performance behavior to reach the thermochemical initiation threshold needed for combustion. This is achieved with predictable properties modifcations that increase salt energy content, or that accelerate the reaction kinetics of the thermochemical initiation process.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2009, 6, 3-4; 219-237
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chiral pyrrolidinium salts derived from menthol as precursor – synthesis and properties
Autorzy:
Janus, E.
Gano, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
pyrrolidinium chiral salts
chiral ionic liquids
menthol
Diels-Alder reaction
Opis:
Six new chiral pyrolidinium salts with chiral substituent at quaternary nitrogen atom were synthesized with high overall yields from (-)-menthol as cheap chiral precursor and were identified by NMR and HRMS spectroscopy. It was shown that anion type had the effect on chemical shift of protons adjacent to quaternary nitrogen atom and physical properties of these salts. Salts with NTf2  or NPf2  were in a liquid state at room temperature and characterized with the highest thermal stability among others. Furthermore, chiral ionic liquid with NTf2  anion was used as solvent in Diels-Alder reaction and gave higher yield and stereoselectivity than in ionic liquids with achiral cations. Synthesized chiral salts have the potential as chiral solvents in synthesis and auxiliaries in analytical methods to improve chiral recognition.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2017, 19, 3; 92-98
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Some Inorganic Nitrate Salts on the Ignition Delay Time of DMAZ-IRFNA and DMAZ-WFNA Bi-propellants
Autorzy:
Pakdehi, S. G.
Shirzadi, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
DMAZ
liquid oxidizers
ignition delay time
inorganic nitrate salts
specific impulse
Opis:
Dimethylaminoethyl azide (DMAZ) is a good replacement for the hydrazine group in the space industry. However, it has a relatively long ignition delay time with the liquid oxidizer, white fuming nitric acid (WFNA), and is nonhypergolic with inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA). In this article, the ignition delay times of DMAZ-WFNA and DMAZ-IRFNA bi-propellants were reduced by the addition of some inorganic nitrate salts, such as NH4NO3, KNO3, NaNO3, AgNO3 and LiNO3, to the liquid oxidizers. The results showed that WFNA containing 0.1 wt.%, 0.3 wt.% and 0.5 wt.% of LiNO3 reduced the ignition delay time of DMAZ-WFNA from 88 ms to 18 ms, 14 ms and 8 ms, respectively. The same percentages of LiNO3 caused the nonhypergolic DMAZ-IRFNA bi-propellant to have ignition delay times of 42 ms, 34 ms and 22 ms, respectively. Moreover, calculations indicated that the addition of LiNO3 to both oxidizers did not have a significant affect on the specific impulse of the bi-propellants. Consequently LiNO3 could be an appropriate additive for the reduction of the ignition delay times of DMAZ-WFNA and DMAZ-IRFNA bi-propellants.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 1; 162-174
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of using specialized feed additives for dairy cows in the perinatal period
Autorzy:
Radzikowski, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179300.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
anionic salts
boluses
fat protected
propylene glycol
protein protected
yeast feed
Opis:
Perinatal period is the most important time in the feeding of dairy cows, which affects all subsequent lactation. Very important in this period is the appropriate selection of feeds, ensuring the nutritional needs of cows. Because of the poor appetite of cows after calving, metabolic disorders often result from negative energy balance. In order to counteract this, it is necessary to administer specialized feed additives to cows for that period. This includes protein and protected fats, feed yeasts, propylene glycol, anionic salts and bolus. These preparations are designed to protect cows from falling feed intake and improve energy balance in the female body. They also increase milk yield and improve milk parameters. All this makes modern milk farms more and more used.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 78; 9-13
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of technogenic factors on the karst activization of Precarpathian salt sediments and karst natural lows
Autorzy:
Pavliuk, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
salt kars
gypsum-clay cap
Miocene salts
Precarpathians
potash salt mining
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to conduct an analysis of the technological and natural factors that have influenced the development and intensification of the salt karst, located within Miocene salt-bearing sediments. Understanding the rules of the karst process is one way to help make the right decisions at the forecasting stage of these harmful exogenic geological processes. This is especially true of salt deposits, which are located in complex geological conditions (e.g. the Carpathian Foredeep). The development of the salt karst in the Precarpathian has shown that it is a complex multi-system process, where all the components have a significant impact on the results and they are directly related to each other. The results of the completed research confirm that the features of the spatial development of the karst processes within the Carpathian salt deposits are caused by the complex geological structures of the Miocene sediments. The spatial developments of the karst processes depend on the heterogeneity of the water penetration in the plans and sections of the salt-bearing deposits. This forms the predominant vector of the underground leaching intensity along the geological boundaries. Permeability and solubility of the salt bearing deposits along the bedding are higher, relative to the permeability and solubility across geological structures. Faults which occur across the strike of geological layers act as a containment of the karst processes along the geological borders.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2016, 42, 2; 175-183
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Properties of potato starch saturated with ferric salts
Właściwości skrobi ziemniaczanej wysycanej solami żelaza
Autorzy:
Leszczynski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1396408.pdf
Data publikacji:
1985
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
starch
ferric salts
iron content
viscosity of starch pastes
enzymatic degradation
Opis:
Starch saturated with ferric salts and containing 7-80 mg Fe/100 g of dry matter was examined. Viscosity of 0.25% pastes produced from starches containing higher than that of the control samples. This starch was characterized by lowered susceptibility to enzymatic degradation carried out with use of α-amylase and glucoamylase.
Skrobię ziemniaczaną wysycano solami żelaza po jej uprzednim przemyciu 1/10 M kwasem solnym lub wodą destylowaną. Do wysycania skrobi- stosowano 1/30, 1/300 i l/3000 M roztwory chlorku lub cytrynianu żelazowego. Następnie próby przemywano wodą destylowaną do zaniku reakcji barwnej na obecność żelaza i suszono w temp. ok. 20°C. Próbami kontrolnymi były próby skrobi nie wysycanej solami żelaza. W otrzymywanych próbach oznaczano zawartość żelaza, lepkość 0,25% kleików skrobiowych, lepkość 7% past skrobiowych mierzoną w zakresie temp. 50->80->20°C oraz podatność skrobi na rozkład enzymatyczny za pomocą α-amylazy i glukoamylazy. stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem stężenia roztworów wysycających wzrastała zawartość żelaza w skrobi dochodząc do 80 mg Fe w 100 g suchej masy (rys. l). W miarę zwiększania stężeń użytych roztworów pH prób wysyconych solami żelaza wzrastało z 3,4 do 4 4 w przypadku skrobi przemytej uprzednio kwasem solnym i obniżało się z 6,0 do 4 5 - w przypadku skrobi przemytej wodą (rys. 2). Stwierdzono dodatnią korelację między pH, badanych prób a lepkością sporządzonych z nich 0,25% kleików. N a lepkość tych kleików decydujący wpływ miało jednak żelazo zawarte w skrobi. W miarę wzrostu zawartości żelaza w skrobi lepkość malała-w przypadku prób przemytych wodą przed wysycaniem ich solami żelaza, a wzrastała w przypadku prób przemytych kwasem solnym (rys. 3). Skrobia przemyta kwasem solnym, a następnie wysycana solami żelaza tworzyła pasty o wyższej lepkości niż nie wysycana (rys. 4 i 5); 7°/o pasty sporządzone ze skrobi wysycanej 1/30 M roztworem chlorku żelazowego wykazywało znacznie wyższą lepkość mierzoną. w zakresie temp. 80 20°C od past kontrolnych (rys. 6). W paście ze skrobi kontrolnej widoczne były pod mikroskopem nieliczne fragmenty gałeczek skrobiowych na tle skleikowanej substancji skrobiowej (fot. 1). Pasta ze skrobi wysyconej żelazem składała się w większości z nierozerwanych woreczków żelowych (fot. 2). Skrobia wysycona żelazem charakteryzowała się obniżoną podatnością na działanie α-amylazy i glukoamylazy (rys. 7). Dodatkowe gotowanie kleików z tej skrobi powiększało efekt działania enzymów, lecz nie doprowadzało do rozkładu skrobi w takim stopniu jak w przypadku prób kontrolnych (tab.).
Źródło:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica; 1985, 11, 1; 21-34
0137-1495
Pojawia się w:
Acta Alimentaria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Klasyfikacja osadów deponowanych w instalacjach kopalnianych pod kątem doboru metod ich usuwania
Classification of sediments deposited in mining installations in terms of the selection of methods for their removal
Autorzy:
Kluk, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
ropa naftowa
osady
asfalteny
parafina
sole
crude oil
deposits
asphaltene
wax
salts
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z depozycją osadów w instalacjach transportujących ropę naftową i gaz ziemny. Omówiono czynniki wpływające na rodzaj deponowanych osadów. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na osady parafinowoasfaltenowe, solne oraz inne – pochodzenia zarówno organicznego, jak i nieorganicznego. Istotnym zagadnieniem przedstawionym w artykule jest opis sposobów likwidowania zdeponowanych w instalacjach osadów. Materiał badawczy stanowiły osady zdeponowane w instalacjach kopalnianych. Na podstawie wyników fizycznych i chemicznych badań osadów zaproponowano dobór metod ich usuwania. Zaproponowane metody usuwania osadów dostosowane są indywidualnie do rodzaju osadu. Wybór metody dokonano na podstawie: oceny składu osadów zdeponowanych w rurociągach w powiązaniu z zawartością parafin, żywic, asfaltenów i węglowodorów aromatycznych, wyników efektywności rozpuszczania osadów w różnych rozpuszczalnikach w temperaturach 20°C i 50°C, podatności na biodegradację osadów, określonej podczas testów respirometrycznych, szybkość biodegradacji substancji ropopochodnych analizowano, wykorzystując zestaw OxiTop Control. W artykule przedstawiono również wytyczne postępowania związane z ograniczeniem deponowania osadów podczas wydobywania i transportu ropy naftowej. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników eksperymentów sformułowano wnioski dotyczące zagadnień związanych z problematyką depozycji osadów w instalacjach transportujących płyny złożowe oraz określono wytyczne, zmierzające do zapobiegania ich powstawaniu.
The article discusses the issues associated with the deposition of sediments in pipelines. The factors influencing the type of deposited sediments are discussed. Particular attention has been paid to paraffin-asphaltic, salt and other organic and inorganic sources. An important issue described in the article, is the description of ways of liquidating sediments deposited in installations. The research material were sediments deposited in mine installations. Based on the results of physical and chemical tests of sediments, the methods of removing them were proposed. The proposed methods of removing sediments are adapted individually to the type of sediment. The choice was based on: evaluation of sediment deposited in pipelines in relation to the content of paraffin, resins, asphaltenes and aromatic hydrocarbons, results of solubilization efficiency in various solvents at 20°C and 50°C, susceptibility to biodegradation of sediments identified during respirometry tests; the rate of biodegradation of petroleum substances was analyzed using the OxiTop Control set. The article also presents guidelines for the reduction of sediment deposition during the extraction and transportation of crude oil. Based on the results of the experiments, conclusions were drawn on issues related to the deposition of sediments in fluid bed conveyor systems and guidelines were defined to prevent their formation.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2018, 74, 3; 193-200
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solnictwo w XXI wieku – aktualne problemy geologii utworów solnych w Polsce
Salt in 21st century – current problems of salt geology in Poland
Autorzy:
Bukowski, K.
Czapowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
sole
stan wiedzy
geologia
Polska
salts
state of the art
geology
Polska
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy nt. geologii utworów solnych cechsztynu i miocenu w Polsce, opierając się na najważniejszych opublikowanych wynikach badań prowadzonych od początku XXI w. Autorzy przeglądowo omawiają osiągnięcia w różnych dziedzinach – stratygrafii, sedymentologii, geochemii, mineralogii, tektoniki, hydrogeologii i badań geofizycznych utworów solnych oraz przedstawiają obecny stan udokumentowanych i szacunkowych zasobów soli w Polsce. Analizują także różne formy zagospodarowania wystąpień soli (produkcja soli kruszonej i solanki, magazyny mediów i składowiska odpadów) oraz posteksploatacyjnego funkcjonowania kopalń, wskazują istotne ich zdaniem kierunki, w których winny być prowadzone dalsze badania.
This article provides an overview on the current state of knowledge on salt geology in Poland. Salt occurs in Poland in two salt- bearing formations: Zechstein (Permian) and Miocene (Neogene). The review briefly presents information on the various aspects of salt mining as well as description of results of different research topics discussed by scientists since the beginning of the 21st century: stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochemistry, mineralogy, geophysics, tectonics, hydrogeology as well as reserves and resources of salt deposits. Various forms of management of salt occurrences (crushed salt and brine production, storages of media, and waste disposals) and the post-mining activity of salt mines are commented. This review is based on extensive literature and proposes main directions of future studies in salt geology of Poland.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2016, 466; 17--31
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania złóż soli kamiennej i potasowo-magnezowej prowadzone w Państwowym Instytucie Geologicznym
PGI research of rock salt and K-Mg deposits
Autorzy:
Czapowski, Grzegorz
Peryt, Tadeusz, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
sole
złoża
baden
cechsztyn
sedymentologia
geochemia
salts
deposits
Baden
Zechstein
sedimentology
geochemistry
Opis:
Middle Miocene Badenian salt, occurring in the frontal zone of the Carpathian Overthrust (southern Poland), and the Upper Permian (Zechstein) bedded and diapir salt deposits, have been the subject of the research by PGI scientists. Many salt deposits were discovered by the PGI, but in particular, the greatest achievement related to the origin of salt deposits is the reconstruction of sedimentary environments and conditions based on detailed sedimentological and geochemical analyses.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2019, 67, 7; 594--598
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wilgoć w budynkach zabytkowych
Dampness in heritage buildings
Autorzy:
Wikłacz, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/218635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Konserwatorów Zabytków
Tematy:
wilgoć
zawilgocenia
budynki zabytkowe
zasolenie
kondensacja
moisture
damp
heritage buildings
salts
condensation
Opis:
Wilgoć jest głównym zagrożeniem dla zabytków. Prowadzi bezpośrednio do degradacji substancji zabytkowej oraz uruchamia procesy niszczące niewystępujące bez jej udziału. Poprawne rozpoznanie źródeł zawilgocenia pozwala na podjęcie odpowiednich kroków w stronę skutecznej i trwałej renowacji. Jednak właściwa diagnoza często nie jest łatwa, a z pozoru oczywiste obserwacje mogą owocować sformułowaniem błędnych wniosków i wdrożeniem działań, które przyniosą więcej szkody niż pożytku. Artykuł opisuje najczęstsze przyczyny powstawania zawilgoceń w budynkach zabytkowych oraz zwraca uwagę na podstawowe czynniki, które należy wziąć pod uwagę, chcąc uniknąć nieskutecznych i kosztownych napraw. Szczególnie podnosi problem tzw. wilgoci wstępującej od gruntu, zdecydowanie zbyt często i łatwo wskazywanej jako główny powód zawilgocenia.
Dampness is considered to be one of the most serious threats to heritage buildings. It leads directly to degradation of historical fabric and triggers damaging processes that would not appear without it. Correct diagnosis of the source of damp is necessary for implementing appropriate measures that will lead to effective and lasting renovation. But making a correct diagnosis is not easy, and what appears obvious from observation can lead to formulating incorrect conclusions and actions, which do more harm than good. The paper describes the most common causes of dampness in heritage buildings and draws attention to the basic factors, which need to be taken into account, in order to avoid ineffective and costly repairs. Special attention is devoted to the so-called damp rising from the ground, which is too often and too easily implicated as the main cause of dampness.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie; 2018, 55; 57-66
0860-2395
2544-8870
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unravelling the Effect of Anthraquinone Metal Salts as Wide-range Plateau Catalysts to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Propellants
Autorzy:
Wang, Y.
Yan, Q.-L.
An, T.
Chen, B.
Ji, Y.-P.
Wang, W.
Zhao, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
solid propellants
burning rate catalysts
anthraquinone metal salts
wide-range plateau combustion
Opis:
Novel lead and copper salts based on anthraquinone, including 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone,1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone and 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-dinitroanthraquinone, were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The catalytic effects of these compounds on the decomposition of nitrocellulose (NC) and on the combustion properties of double-base (DB) and composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellants were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrated that the burning rate is significantly increased (by 200%) in the lower pressure range (2-6 MPa) as compared to the control systems without added anthraquinone-based salts. Concurrently, the pressure exponents (n) were obviously lower, exhibiting a “wide-range plateau” combustion phenomenon in the middle-pressure region. Specifically, for the DB propellants such a plateau region extended from 10 MPa to 16 MPa for n equal to 0.10, from 10 MPa to 18 MPa for n equal to 0.11 and from 8 MPa to 18 MPa when n is 0.05. In the case of RDX-CMDB propellants, the plateau was found to be in the range 6-18 MPa, with n in the range 0.16-0.27, depending on the type of catalyst, in contrast to the reference CMDB sample, which was characterized by n equal to 0.7 for the same pressure range.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 376-390
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adsorption of sodium/calcium poly(acrylic acid) salts on anatase: effect of the polyelectrolyte molecular weight and neutralization
Autorzy:
Jacquemet, Christian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1449765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
adsorption
free energy
Langmuir isotherm
sodium-calcium poly(acrylic acid) salts
anatase
Opis:
Abstract: Interactions of poly(acrylic acid)s (PAAs) of two different molecular weights (Mw = 9,560 g×$mol^{-1}$ and 4,220 g×$mol^{-1}$) with surfaces of an untreated anatase $TiO_2$ were assessed through adsorption isotherm measurements. Those dispersants were tested under different sodium-calcium neutralization states (molar ratio $r = Ca^{2+}$ / $CO_{2-}$ varying from 0 to 0.35). Their behavior towards the $TiO_2$ surfaces can be described by the Langmuir adsorption model. For both polymers, surface coverage ($Γ_max$) evolves linearly with the molar ratio $r$. For a given r value, a lower surface coverage was observed with the polymer having the highest molecular weight. The free energy of adsorption ($/DeltaG_{ads}$) of PAAs was estimated from adsorption experiment data. This calculation indicates that sorption occurs spontaneously and is unlikely to be of chemical nature. The absolute values of $/DeltaG_{ads}$ are higher for the highest molecular weight polymers suggesting that they are more strongly adsorbed to anatase surfaces. The absolute values of $/DeltaG_{ads}$ per mole of sodium-calcium macromolecules are found to be lower than those calculated for their homologues 100% sodium neutralized suggesting that they are bound with the solid by a fewer number of segments.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2020, 56, 1; 113-123
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of monovalent and divalent ions in coal gasification brine on the froth entrainment and flotation kinetics of anthracite coal
Autorzy:
Zheng, Kaidi
Bu, Xiangning
Zhou, Shaoqi
Zhang, Jing
Shao, Huaizhi
Sha, Jie
Xie, Guangyuan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
coal gasification brine
salts ions
coal flotation
entrainment
flotation kinetics
DLVO theory
Opis:
Water plays a critical role in various stages of flotation, which brings a lot of pressure to the flotation processing plants resided in dry areas. In this regard, it will be of significance to explore the feasibility of using wastewater resources in mineral flotation. Coal gasification brine (CGB) that contains a high concentration of salts becomes the subject of interest of this study. In this study, a synthetic CGB solution, which was prepared by adding NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 to ultrapure water based on the composition of salts in a real CGB, was used in the flotation of anthracite coal. The comparison results based on the first-order model showed that flotation in the presence of the synthetic CGB solution gave a higher flotation selectivity (SI =7.086) than that of flotation in ultrapure water (SI=3.545). Water recoveries and average bubble sizes in the froth showed that the addition of the three salt ions (Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) was conducive to diminishing the entrainment of gangue materials as a result of the reduction of water reporting to the froth. Additionally, the zeta potentials and induction time measurements indicated that only divalent ions of Ca2+ and Mg2+ significantly compressed the double electrical layer and enhanced the attachment between bubbles and coal particles according to DLVO theory, which was further confirmed by the calculation of interaction energy between coal and bubbles. The findings of the present work may promote the use of CGB as a potential water resource in coal flotation.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2020, 56, 5; 960-974
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-methyl dodecyl ammonium chloride as the novel collector in selective flotation separation of quartz and hematite
Autorzy:
Liu, Wenbao
Liu, Wengang
Zhao, Qiang
Wang, Xinyang
Duan, Hao
Peng, Xiangyu
Wang, Benying
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
quaternary ammonium salts
high surface activity
quartz
hematite
interaction mechanisms
flotation separation
Opis:
A quaternary ammonium salt, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl dodecyl ammonium chloride (BHMDC), with high surface activity, was screened and firstly introduced in the reverse flotation of hematite ores based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation and surface tension measurement. The interaction mechanism of BHMDC on the surfaces of quartz and hematite was studied by zeta potential measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The results of DFT calculation and surface tension measurement indicated that BHMDC had higher selectivity and hydrophobicity than dodecylamine (DDA). The analyses of zeta potential measurement, FTIR, and XPS demonstrated that the adsorption of BHMDC on hematite and quartz surfaces were mainly dependent on hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Due to the more active sites (O atoms), the weaker charge and larger size of polar groups, BHMDC had better simulation results in performance than DDA, especially in selectivity. The flotation tests showed that BHMDC exhibited better flotation performance, which was consistent with the results of DFT calculation. And the efficient separation of hematite and quartz within the wide pH value range (4.0-10.0) was determined, which was also confirmed by zeta potential measurement. It also indicated that BHMDC was an excellent collector in the reverse flotation of hematite ores with great industrial potential, which could obtain the concentrate with the Fe grade of 65.37% and recovery of 88.92%
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2020, 56, 2; 286-299
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proekologiczne kompozyty gumowe o obniżonej zawartości cynku
Pro-ecological rubber composites with reduced content of zinc
Autorzy:
Maciejewska, M.
Sowińska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Skórzanego
Tematy:
elastomer
wulkanizacja
aktywator
tlenek cynku
sole cynku
vulcanization
activator
zinc oxide
zinc salts
Opis:
Wyroby gumowe zawierające więcej niż 2,5% związków cynku uznaje się za toksyczne dla ekosystemów wodnych. Opracowano skład proekologicznych kompozytów z kauczuku butadienowo-akrylonitrylowego (NBR) o obniżonej zawartości jonów cynku. W roli aktywatorów wulkanizacji zastosowano acetyloacetonian, glukonian i rycynoleinian cynku, jako alternatywę do ZnO. Aplikacja soli cynku nie miała wpływu na czas i temperaturę wulkanizacji NBR. Uzyskano wulkanizaty o nieznacznie mniejszej gęstości usieciowania i twardości, podwyższonej wytrzymałości na rozciąganie i porównywalnej odporność na starzenie klimatyczne. Zastosowanie soli cynku umożliwiło 10-krotne zmniejszenie ilości jonów cynku w wyrobach gumowych.
Rubber products containing more than 2.5% of zinc compounds are classified as toxic to aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the aim of the research was to develop pro-ecological rubber composites of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) with a reduced content of zinc ions. Acetylacetonate, gluconate and zinc ricinoleate were used as vulcanization activators alternatively to ZnO. Their application had no significant effect on the time and temperature of NBR vulcanization. Vulcanizates with slightly lower crosslink density and hardness, higher tensile strength and comparable resistance to weather aging were obtained. Application of zinc salts enabled a 10-fold reduction in the content of zinc ions in rubber products.
Źródło:
Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów; 2018, 63; 55-65
2299-7989
Pojawia się w:
Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acid whey-based smoothies with probiotic strains
Autorzy:
Kielczewska, K.
Pietrzak-Fiecko, R.
Nalepa, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192516.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:
acid whey
mineral salts
sensory analysis
Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001
probiotics
smoothie
beverages
Opis:
The aim of study was to determine potential applications of acid whey in the production of whey-based beverages containing plant-based ingredients in equal proportions to acid whey (1:1): beverage 1 with the addition of carrot, rosehip and sea-buckthorn purée; beverage 2 with addition of pear purée and sour cherry juice; beverage 3 with the addition of parsley and banana purée. The composition and mineral content of acid whey were determined. Whey-based beverages containing fruit and vegetables were analysed for mineral content, sensory attributes and the survivability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 probiotic bacteria. Acid whey is characterised by a low content of major milk components, namely fat (0.441 g kg-1), protein (2.978 g kg-1), especially of whey protein in native form (0.052 g kg-1), lactose (42 g kg-1) and lactic acid (6.304 g kg-1). Acid whey is abundant in mineral nutrients, including calcium (1199 mg kg-1), magnesium (87.1 mg kg-1) and potassium (1533 mg kg-1). The mineral analysis revealed that the addition of fruit and vegetables increased the iron content of beverages 2 and 3, and the content of potassium and magnesium in beverage 3. Beverage 3 (100 g) met the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for potassium and magnesium in 25% and 15%, respectively, in children aged 4 to 7. Whey-based beverages had uniform colour and consistency. The predominant taste and aroma were those associated with the fruit and vegetables, followed by some sweet flavour and aroma, whereas the acidic flavour was moderately discernible. All beverages containing fruit and vegetables received very high scores in a sensory evaluation. The survival of the probiotic strain was monitored for two weeks during which bacterial counts remained stable at 7 log cfu ml-1. Smoothies based on acid whey with the addition of fruit and vegetables and the probiotic strain are functional foods that are recommended for people with nutrient deficiencies.
Źródło:
Journal of Elementology; 2020, 25, 4; 1435-1448
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mass transfer process of leaching weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with magnesium salts
Autorzy:
Chen, Z.
Zhang, Z.
He, Z.
Chi, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
mass transfer
magnesium salts
theory plate
weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore
Opis:
In order to optimize the leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with magnesium salts, the influence of different flow rate, concentration of magnesium ions, initial pH of magnesium salts solution and experimental temperature on the mass transfer process of rare earth and aluminum was investigated in the case of using magnesium salts as leaching agent. The relationship between the flow rate μ and the HETP (Height Equivalent of Theoretical Plate) is in accordance with the Van Deemter equation when magnesium salts were used as leaching agent. The optimum condition for rare earth and aluminum were 0.4 cm3/min of flow rate and 0.2 mol/dm3 of magnesium ion concentration of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate respectively. Under this condition the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and aluminum with three kinds of magnesium salts follow the order of Mg(NO3)2>Mg(Cl)2>MgSO4. High temperature contributes to improving the mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and aluminum. Magnesium nitrate as the leaching agent can get the highest leaching mass transfer efficiency of rare earth and magnesium sulfate as the leaching agent can make the impurity leaching and mass transfer efficiency of Al is the lowest.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 1004-1013
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena skuteczności procesu koagulacji w oczyszczaniu popłuczyn z układu cyrkulacji wody basenowej
Evaluation of coagulation process effectiveness in purification of filter washings from swimming pool circulation system
Autorzy:
Łaskawiec, E.
Dudziak, M.
Wyczarska-Kokot, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/236975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Tematy:
woda basenowa
popłuczyny z filtrów
oczyszczanie
fitotoksyczność
koagulacja
sole glinu
sole żelaza
rzęsa wodna
rzeżucha
swimming pool water
backwash water
purification
phytotoxicity
coagulation
aluminium salts
iron salts
Lemna minor
Lepidium sativum
Opis:
Oceniono możliwości zastosowania procesu koagulacji do oczyszczania popłuczyn z płukania złóż filtracyjnych pracujących w układzie cyrkulacji wody basenowej. Usunięcie części zanieczyszczeń z popłuczyn pozwoliłoby na ich odprowadzanie bezpośrednio do środowiska (np. do nawadniania zieleni) oraz na ograniczenie ilości ścieków odprowadzanych do kanalizacji. W badaniach laboratoryjnych zastosowano cztery różne koagulanty – glinowe (PAX) i żelazowe (PIX) – w zakresie dawek od 1,5 mg/dm3 do 6,0 mg/dm3. Analizie zmian wartości wybranych wskaźników fizyczno-chemicznych (barwa, zawiesiny ogólne, mętność, chlor ogólny, fosfor ogólny, absorbancja w nadfiolecie, ChZT oraz wskaźnik fenolowy) towarzyszyła także analiza fitotoksyczności składników popłuczyn (cieczy nadosadowej i osadów) w stosunku do wybranych roślin wskaźnikowych – rzęsa (Lemna minor) i rzeżucha (Lepidium sativum). Przeprowadzone testy naczyniowe procesu koagulacji pozwoliły na uzyskanie jakości popłuczyn pozwalającej na wprowadzenie ich bezpośrednio do środowiska. Niezależnie od zastosowanego rodzaju koagulantu, poprawa jakości fizyczno-chemicznej popłuczyn została osiągnięta już przy dawkach w zakresie 1,5÷3,0 mg/dm3, przy czym najskuteczniejszy okazał się PAX 25, będący mieszaniną polichlorku glinu i chlorku żelaza(II). Dodatkowo nie odnotowano efektu fitotoksycznego zarówno cieczy nadosadowej, jak i osadów pokoagulacyjnych. Tak oczyszczone popłuczyny mogą być wykorzystane na przykład do nawadniania zieleni na terenach obiektów basenowych.
Applicability of coagulation technique in purification of filter washings from the swimming pool circulation system was evaluated. Removal of some of the contaminants from washings would allow for their discharge directly into the environment (e.g., for irrigation of greenery) and limiting the amount of sewage entering the sewer. In the laboratory studies, four different coagulants were used – aluminum (PAX) and ferric (PIX) – in doses ranging 1.5–6.0 mg/dm3. In addition, the analysis of fluctuations of the values of selected physicochemical parameters (color, general suspensions, turbidity, total chlorine, total phosphorus, ultraviolet absorbance, COD and phenol index) was accompanied by the analysis of washing components (supernatant liquid and sediments) phytotoxicity against the selected indicator plants – eyelash (Lemna minor) and cress (Lepidium sativum). The jar tests conducted throughout the coagulation process resulted in washings of quality adequate to be introduced directly into the environment. Regardless of the type of coagulant used, the improvement of physicochemical parameters of washings was achieved already at doses in the range of 1.5–3.0 mg/dm3, with PAX 25, polyaluminum chloride and iron chloride(II) mixture, being the most effective. In addition, no phytotoxic effect of both the supernatant and post-coagulation sediments was noted. Such purified washings could be employed for example in watering greenery at swimming pool areas.
Źródło:
Ochrona Środowiska; 2018, 40, 1; 57-60
1230-6169
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie soli chinoliniowych i pirydyniowych do oznaczania wybranych związków siarki w próbkach biologicznych
Application of quinolinium and pyridinium salts for determination of selected sulfur compounds in biological samples
Autorzy:
Furmaniak, P.
Wyszczelska-Rokiel, M.
Kubalczyk, P.
Głowacki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/171524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
sole pirydyniowe
sole chinoliniowe
aminokwasy tiolowe
derywatyzacja chemiczna
chromatografia cieczowa
wysokosprawna chromatografia cieczowa
elektroforeza kapilarna
pyridinium salts
quinolinium salts
thiol amino acids
chemical derivatization
high performance liquid chromatography
capillary electrophoresis
Opis:
Quinolinium and pyridinium salts belong to the group of onium compounds and are widely used in organic, structural and analytical chemistry. Their synthesis is mainly based on quaternization of the nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring [4, 13, 23]. In analytical chemistry quinolinium and pyridinium salts such as 2-chloro-1-methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate (CMQT) or 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium bromide (BCPB) perform very well as thiol specific derivatization reagents in terms of derivatization reaction velocity, stability, chromatographic properties of the derivatives, and thus, amenability to automatization [18–22, 32–42]. Analytical procedures for thiol determination usually involve reduction of disulfide bonds with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine or mercaptoethanol, chemical derivatization of the sulfur compound with the use of 2-halopyridinium or 2-haloquinolinium salts and then deproteinization, followed by ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC or CE separation and spectrophotometric detection. Derivatization reaction takes advantage of great susceptibility of quinolinium or pyridinium molecules at 2-position to nucleophilic displacement, and a high nucleophilicity of the thiol group. Derivatization reaction mixture is usually ready to be analyzed just after mixing of the substrates. CMQT and BCPB exhibit very high reactivity toward thiols [44, 45], sulfides [63] as well as thiosulfates [40, 54]. 2-S-quinolinium and 2-S-pyridinium derivatives possess advantageous spectrophotometric and chromatographic properties. They are stable and more hydrophobic than thiols themselves, possessing a well-defined absorption maximum in the UV region. The reaction is accompanied by an analytically advantageous bathochromic shift from reagent maximum to the maximum of the derivative. Thanks to this phenomenon it is possible to use a large excess of derivatization reagent in order to drive the reaction to completion and avoid a huge signal of unreacted compound on the chromatogram [26]. Elaborated with the use of onium salts methods have proven to be useful in quantitative HPLC and CE analysis of endogenous and exogenous low-molecular-weight biological thiols in human body fluids, plant extracts and some groceries [44, 45].
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2014, 68, 3-4; 211-232
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cukrowe czwartorzędowe sole amoniowe
Sugar quaternary ammonium salts
Autorzy:
Dmochowska, B.
Sikora, K.
Samaszko-Fiertek, J.
Ślusarz, R.
Madaj, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
czwartorzędowe sole amoniowe
d-glikopiranozydy
celuloza
chitozan
quaternary ammonium salts
d-glicopyranosides
cellulose
chitosan
Opis:
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) exhibit the properties of both inorganic and organic compounds, and their ionic nature gives them hydrophilic character. The popularity of these compounds is allied to their many applications and ease of synthesis. Most of QACs are stable up to 150°C, readily soluble in water, usually non-toxic in utilitarian concentrations, are surface active, and do not irritate the skin or have a noxious odour [1]. Many of them have fungicidal, bactericidal and algicidal properties [2–5]. The antiviral action of QACs, including against HIV [6, 7], has been reported. They are used as timber preservatives, disinfectants, fabric softeners, anti-electrostatic agents and antifriction substances [5, 8, 9]. In addition, certain drugs administered in cases of diabetes, cardiac arrhythmia, neuroses, allergies and even carcinomas are QACs. Finally, QACs are used in chemical synthesis as catalysts, in phase-boundary catalysis [11], in the reduction of aldehydes and alkenes, and in the Friedl-Crafts reaction. In literature there is only limited amount of information considering quaternary ammonium salts containing sugar substituents. Among them four group of compounds arises: salts linked to C6 atom in sugar, directly connected to anomeric carbon atom, linked trough hydrocarbon spacer and derivatives of polisacharides. Kirk at al. described the synthesis of biologically active QACs [15]. In the Menshutkin reaction between an iodo-derivative and trimethylamine (Scheme 4), these authors obtained compounds with bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The authors obtained a series of analogous compounds using carboxylic acids (with carbon chains of various lengths) ester linked to the C-6-OH group of a sugar derivative. Blizzard synthesized QAC derivatives of vancomycin [28]. It was noticed that the increased hydrophilicity of vancomycin following the addition to it of a suitable fragment enhanced its antibacterial properties [30, 31], one of the more active being a derivative containing an aminium group at position G-6 (Scheme 10). Examples of reactions, in which the terminal carbon atoms in methyl glucopyranosides and polysaccharides are functionalized, are the syntheses carried out by Engel et al. [33, 34], one of which is shown in Figure 5. These authors aimed to find compounds with antibacterial properties. In the first instance, the hydroxyl groups at atoms C-6 of the sugar units in cellulose were O-tosylated. Then, the terminal carbons were functionalized with tertiary amines, yielding QACs. The most effective bactericide among these compounds was the one with a 16-carbon chain, the structure of which is shown Figure 6.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2016, 70, 7-8; 497-518
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of quaternary ammonium salts on mechanical properties of light-cured resin dental composites
Wpływ czwartorzędowych soli amoniowych na właściwości mechaniczne fotoutwardzalnych kompozytów dentystycznych
Autorzy:
Zalega, Maja
Nowak, Joanna
Bociong, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Chemii Przemysłowej
Tematy:
dental composites
quaternary ammonium salts
mechanical properties
kompozyty dentystyczne
czwartorzędowe sole amoniowe
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:
The composite consisting of bis-GMA/UDMA/HEMA/TEGDMA monomer mixture forming a polymer matrix filled with silanized silica (45 wt%) was modified with CTAB or DODAB quaternary ammonium salts (0.5‒2.0 wt%). The hardness, flexural strength as well as diametrical tensile strength of the composite before and after modification were evaluated. The type and amount of salt affected the hardness, flexural strength, and shrinkage stress; however, they did not influence the diametral tensile strength of the tested composites.
Kompozyt składający się z mieszaniny monomerów bis-GMA/UDMA/HEMA/TEGD¬MA tworzących osnowę polimerową napełnioną silanizowaną krzemionką (45% mas.) modyfikowano czwartorzędowymi solami amoniowymi CTAB lub DODAB (w ilości 0,5‒2,0% mas.). Zbadano twardość, wytrzymałość na zginanie oraz wytrzymałość na średnicowe rozciąganie kompozytu przed i po modyfikacji. Rodzaj i ilość soli miały wpływ na twardość, wytrzymałość na zginanie oraz naprężenia skurczowe, nie wpłynęły natomiast na wytrzymałość na średnicowe rozciąganie badanych kompozytów.
Źródło:
Polimery; 2023, 68, 4; 193--205
0032-2725
Pojawia się w:
Polimery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of amphiphilic compounds on membranes.
Autorzy:
Przestalski, Stanisław
Sarapuk, Janusz
Kleszczyńska, Halina
Gabrielska, Janina
Hładyszowski, Jerzy
Trela, Zenon
Kuczera, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
monolayer
organic compounds of tin and lead
membrane lipids
quaternary ammonium salts
antioxidant
bilayer
Opis:
On the basis of Gortel & Grendel (J. Exp. Med., 1925, 41, 439-494) discovery, the importance of the lipid bilayer as an integral and indispensible component of the cell membrane is discussed. In particular, attention focuses on the interaction between membranes and amphiphilic substances. The effect on membranes of quaternary ammonium salts, both in the form of pesticides and oxidants as well as organic compounds of tin and lead are discussed in greater detail.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2000, 47, 3; 627-638
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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