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Tytuł:
Investigation of asymmetric twin-rudder load behaviour through free-running model tests
Autorzy:
Efremov, Dobrin
Milanov, Evgeni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34616103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
manoeuvrability
twin screw–twin rudder ship
rudder
resistance
rudder normal force
interactions
Opis:
During tight manoeuvres, twin-screw ships equipped with two rudders located in the propeller slip stream experience a fairly large imbalance in the hydrodynamic loads on the propeller and rudders. To investigate the phenomenon of rudder asymmetric load in some depth, manoeuvring experiments based on a free-running model were set up in which the kinematics of the model, the forces on the rudder and the stock moment were recorded. In parallel, with the aim of obtaining an exact estimation of free-stream characteristics of the rudder blade, corresponding wind tunnel experiments were also performed. Based on the results of this investigation, an analysis of the interaction effects within the hull-propeller-rudder system was performed and some conclusions were drawn.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 3; 4-11
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Approximate Method of Calculating Forces on Rudder During Ship Sailing on a Shipping Route
Autorzy:
Żelazny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Ship Operation
Rudder
Hydrodynamics
Plane Rudder
Ship Design
Forces on Plane Rudder
Hydrodynamic Forces
Forces Calculation
Opis:
Service speed of a ship in real weather conditions is a basic design parameter. Forecasting of this speed at preliminary design stage is made difficult by the lack of simple but at the same accurate models of forces acting upon a ship sailing on a preset shipping route. The article presents a model for calculating forces and moment on plane rudder, useful for forecasting of ship service speed at preliminary stages of ship design.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2014, 8, 3; 459-464
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of influence of selected elements on effectiveness of streamline rudder
Autorzy:
Abramowski, T.
Szelangiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
streamline rudder
improvement of rudder effectiveness
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Opis:
During designing steering gear for large fast transport ships (e.g. container carriers), shipowners usually put forward strong demands concerning ship manoeuvrability. It means that streamline rudders should be characterized by a high effectiveness, i.e. fast increasing values of lifting force in function of rudder angle and large values of lifting force related to rudder area. As gabarites of streamline rudder depend on a form and draught of stern part of ship’s hull, an improvement of rudder effectiveness can be reached by an appropriate selection of rudder profile and application of additional elements to rudder blade. This paper presents results of numerical investigations (by using CFD methods) of hydrodynamic forces acting on rudder blades of the same gabarites but based on different profiles. Such calculations were also performed for selected rudder blades fitted with additional elements intended for the improving of rudder effectiveness.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 3; 3-7
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of rudder and blade pitch on hydrodynamic performance of marine propeller using CFD
Autorzy:
Quang, Pham Ky
Hung, Phan Van
Cong, Nguyen Chi
Tung, Trinh Xuan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32899108.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
rudder
blade pitch
propeller
CFD
Opis:
The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to predict internal and external flows has risen dramatically in the past decade. This research aims to use the commercial software, ANSYS Fluent V.14.5, to illustrate the effects of the rudder and blade pitch on the hydrodynamic performance of the marine propeller by experimenting with propellers and rudders of the M/V Tan Cang Foundation ship, which has designed conditions as follows: diameter of 3.65 m; speed of 200 rpm; average pitch of 2.459 m; boss ratio of 0.1730. Using CFD, the characteristic curves of the marine propeller and some important results showed that the maximum efficiency of the propeller is 0.66 with the open water propeller and 0.689 with the rudder‒propeller system at the advance ratio of 0.6. The obtained outcomes of this research are a significant foundation to calculate and design an innovative kind of propulsion for ships with high performance.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2022, 2; 55-63
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drift reduction on sailing boats
Autorzy:
Vidmar, P.
Perkovič, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
sailing
leeway angle
upwind sailing
bending rudder
Opis:
The research explained in this paper was carried out to investigate the efficiency of different steering systems on sailing yachts. The steering system of a sail yacht mostly includes a simple steering system and a hydrodynamic shaped single rudder or multiple rudders, depending on boat characteristics. One of the basic design guidelines for fast sailing yachts is to reduce wetted surface to minimum allowed by the dynamic stability and maintaining the sailing performances. Deficiencies of different steering systems are discussed and their influences on total drag and yacht manoeuvrability in different sailing directions is analysed. The discussion is focused on steering systems applicable in practice and accepted by the yacht-building industry, although several innovations could be found that remained on their development stage because of their complexity in construction, maintenance, use itself and reliability. All measurements have been conducted at sea applying on board sensors for position and accelerations acquirements. The purpose of the research was to demonstrate that the use of the bended rudder can reduce the leeway angle, the upwind sailing angle and increase the velocity made good to windward.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 32 (104) z. 2; 173-181
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method for a preliminary definition of a high–performance rudder for tuna purse seiners
Autorzy:
Martínez–López, A.
Munín–Doce, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
rudder optimisation
vessel manoeuvrability
tuna vessel design
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to provide a simple method for the definition of a rudder for tuna purse seiners. The model achieved by the application of this method ensures the manoeuvrability of initial turning, course keeping and yaw checking. For this, the results obtained by other authors, through rudder tests and manoeuvrability tests of fishing vessels have been integrated with the recommendations of the International Normative. Finally, in the paper the method is applied to the case of a tuna vessel, providing a rudder model which could be optimised with CFD (Computer Fluid Dynamics) in further tests. The method proposed can be applied to other vessels whose main dimensions are met.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2012, 3; 26-35
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic interaction of the cavitating propeller tip vortex with the rudder
Autorzy:
Szantyr, J. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
propeller blades
rudder
cavitating
tip vortex shed
Opis:
The hydrodynamic interaction between the ship propeller and the rudder has many aspects. One of the most interesting is the interaction between the cavitating tip vortex shed from the propeller blades and the rudder. This interaction leads to strongly dynamic behaviour of the cavitating vortex, which in turn generates unusually high pressure pulses in its vicinity. Possibly accurate prediction of these pulses is one of the most important problems in the hydrodynamic design of a new ship. The paper presents a relatively simple computational model of the propeller cavitating tip vortex behaviour close to the rudder leading edge. The model is based on the traditional Rankine vortex and on the potential solution of the dynamics of the cylindrical sections of the cavitating kernel passing through the strongly variable pressure field in the vicinity of the rudder leading edge. The model reproduces numerically the experimentally observed process of initial compression of the vortex kernel in the high pressure region near the stagnation point at the rudder leading edge and subsequent explosive growth of the kernel in the low pressure region further downstream. Numerical simulation of this process enables computation of the additional pressure pulses generated due to this phenomenon and transmitted onto the hull surface. This new numerical model of the cavitating tip vortex is incorporated in the modified unsteady lifting surface program for prediction of propeller cavitation, which has been successfully used in the process of propeller design for several years and which recently has been extended to include the effects of propeller – rudder interaction. The results of calculations are compared with the experimental measurements and they demonstrate reasonable agreement between theory and physical reality.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, 4; 10-14
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Devices improving the manoeuvrability characteristics of ships. Part II. ”Doerffer’s Rudder” – experience learnt from tests carried out on real ships
Autorzy:
Doerffer, J. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
results of tests with Doerffer's Rudder
opening rudder
opening balbous bow
stern shield
steering braking device
braking the ship
Opis:
An account of research activities on the devices improving the manoeuvring abilities carried out at the Gdansk University of Technology were presented in Part I of the paper. Experience from implementation of open rudders on real ships is presented in Part II. Open rudders were fitted on two full size ships: a 1000 BHP harbour tug and a 2500 BHP long line fishing vessel. Designs were made for four types of ships: motor sailing passenger ship “Gwarek” (2 x 1.032 BHP and 1800 m˛ sail area); arctic expedition sailing ship m/y “Polarex” (length 40,4 m, 1200 BHP); rescue vessel R-27 (two engines a 600 BHP with single propeller); harbour tug m/t “Atlas” (2500 BHP). None of these designs was implemented due to financial difficulties of the owners. Further model experiments with a self propelled model of a cargo liner m/s “Hollandia” exceeding 20 knots were carried out on the lake as well as with a model of a twin screw vessel.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, S 1; 88-92
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An approximate method for calculating total ship resistance on a given shipping route under statistical weather conditions and its application in the initial design of container ships
Autorzy:
Szelangiewicz, T.
Żelazny, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ship resistance
approximate method
wind
waves
current
rudder
ship containers
Opis:
During ship design, its service speed is one of the crucial parameters that determine its future operational profitability. As sufficiently exact calculation methods applicable to preliminary design stage are lacking, the so-called contract speed, the speed a ship reaches in calm water, is usually specified during the draft stage. The service speed obtainable by a ship under real weather conditions (mainly wind and waves) is one of the most important parameters influencing a ship’s profitability on a given shipping route. This paper presents a parametric model of calculating total ship resistance on a given shipping route under actual weather conditions (wind, waves, sea current), that could be useful in the initial design of container ships.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2015, 44 (116); 99-106
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of influence of streamline rudder on screw propeller efficiency
Autorzy:
Abramowski, T.
Handke, J.
Szelangiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
Streamline rudder, improvement of screw propeller efficiency
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Opis:
During designing the ship its designer tends to obtain as high as possible efficiency of ship propulsion system. To this end on certain ships additional elements such as: nozzles, half-nozzles or suitably profiled fins attached to underwater part of ship’s hull before screw propeller, are applied (sometimes they are intended for the mitigating of vibration resulting from operation of screw propeller). Another device which affects operation of screw propeller is streamline rudder capable of improving its efficiency (most of the transport ships is fitted with single screw propeller and streamline rudder placed behind it). In this paper the influence of streamline rudder on screw propeller efficiency has been examined with the use of numerical methods of fluid dynamics (CFD).The obtained results indicate a very favourable influence of the rudder on screw propeller efficiency. Research in this area is continued and its results concerning impact of particular geometrical parameters of rudder on screw propeller efficiency, will be presented in the future.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 2; 18-22
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reduction of ship steering gear load at high sea states by decreasing rudder angular velocity
Autorzy:
Stefanowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
steering gear
sea states
ship-autopilot system
simulations
rudder angular velocity
Opis:
The article discusses causes of steering gear overload at high sea states when a ship is kept on course in aut opilot mode. The presented research results refer to simulations of a ship-autopilot system on a preset course in the presence of varying intensity disturbances (various sea states), with updated alterations of rudder angular velocity (the velocity changes are executed discretely) determined by the function block for conventional sea state determination.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 1; 138-143
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Devices improving the manoeuvrability characteristics of ships. Part I. Laboratory tests on models in cavitation tunnel and towing tank
Autorzy:
Doerffer, J. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
opening balbous bow
opening rudder
stern shield
steering braking device
braking the ship
Opis:
An account of research activities on the devices improving the manoeuvring abilities carried out at the Gdansk University of Technology is reviewed. These devices could be placed on the bulbous bow (opening bulbous bow) and at the stern end (wake pressure equalising device, stern shield, opening rudder). Researches with segments of models of these devices in a cavitation tunnel and on self propelled models of ships in a towing tank were performed as well as on open lakes.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2007, S 1; 81-87
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normowanie prędkości przestawiania steru statku
Rudder deflection velocity normalisation
Autorzy:
Stefanowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/360281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
sterowanie statkiem
maszynka sterowa
prędkość wychylenia steru
normalizacja
ship steering
steering gear
rudder deflection velocity
normalisation
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienie normowania prędkości przestawiania steru, mając na uwadze zmniejszenie mocy maszyny sterowej i bezpieczeństwo żeglugi. Przyjęto, że bezpieczeństwo to będzie zapewnione, jeśli od rozpoczęcia manewru "ster na burtę" statek uzyska po przebyciu odcinka równego swojej długości bezwymiarową prędkość kątową równą 0,2 i po przebyciu drogi równej 1,5 swojej długości przemieszczenie boczne równe 3B (trzy szerokości). Podano przykłady obliczeniowe dla statku typu Mariner oraz sformułowano wnioski.
The paper presents a problem of rudder deflection velocity normalisation considering steering gear power reduction as well as safety of ship. It has been assumed that the following safety conditions should be fulfilled: during manoeuvre dimensionless angular velocity of hull should obtain the value of 0.2 after distance equal to hull length; after distance equal to 1.5 of length of hull, transversal displacement should be equal to 3B, where B denotes hull breadth. Examples of numerical computations for a Mariner type ship and conclusions are given.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2008, 14 (86); 43-47
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Automatyczny trymer steru kierunku, rozwiązanie zwiększające bezpieczeństwo pracy pilota
Rudder trimmer automatic solution for greater safety pilot jobs
Autorzy:
Cwojdziński, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
samolot
powierzchnie sterowe
automatyczny trymer steru kierunku
ATSK
aircraft
flight control surfaces
Automatic Rudder Trimming System
ARTS
Opis:
W artykule omówiony został systemu sterowania automatycznego trymera steru kierunku samolotu PZL 130 Orlik.
Paper discussed information about Automatic Rudder Trimming System which is part of the PZL 130 Orlik airplane control system. Despite many advantages of turboprop engine aircraft compared with jet aircraft, piloting them has a number of different features due to P - effect. The result of this occurrence is the asymmetric deportment of the aircraft related to the symmetry surface of the plane, which both reveal during the maneuvers, as well as in a fixed flight with power changes with which the engine works. In the course of the modernization of the aircraft Orlik, the decision was taken to execute and build the aircraft PZL-130 TC II automatic trimmer rudder, causing the improvement of directional steering, and thus the safety of flights. Developing a solution is aimed at offsetting the moment gyroscope from the propeller of the aircraft and liken configuration characteristics of one turboprop engine aircraft to one jet engine. The Automatic Rudder Trimming System (ARTS) allows to broaden the use of Orlik for training in the implementation of the flights in different task systems, which significantly improve the comfort remote control navigation flights and consequently, the safety of flight operations. ARTS can be developed to the low costs autopilot, giving the ability to control the plane with coordinated trimmer expenses. Research and tests which were conducted so by the Aviation Institute in Warsaw and PZL "Warsaw" shows that such a technical solution can be applied in training aircraft PZL-130 Orlik MPT.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 580-583, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The semantic development of Germanic *steur-: poles, rudders, anchors, withies and retractable keels
Rozwój semantyczny germańskiego *steur-: pale, stery, kotwice, pręty łoziny i chowane kile
Autorzy:
Heide, Eldar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34670868.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Iron Age sailing
rowing ship
rudder
steering
etymology
Wörter und Sachen
żeglarstwo w epoce żelaza
statek wiosłowy
ster
sterowanie statkiem
etymologia
Opis:
Autor omawia relację między starogermańskimi słowami oznaczającymi ster, czyli staronordyjskim stýri / stjórn, starowysokoniemieckim stiura, staroangielskim steor itd., oraz staronordyjskim staurr ‘(zaostrzony) słup’. Słowa te najprawdopodobniej łączy wymiana samogłosek (ablaut), trudno jest jednak ustalić kognitywny związek między nimi. Zazwyczaj twierdzi się, że słowa stýri i in. pierwotnie oznaczały podobną do wiosła belkę, kłodę lub słup, których używano do sterowania statkiem. Trudno to jednak robić przy pomocy tego typu przedmiotów, a wiosło sterowe nie wygląda jak żaden z nich. W artykule stawia się zatem tezę, iż stýri (i inne wymienione wyżej słowa) pierwotnie znaczyły mniej więcej to samo, co staurr, czyli słup wprowadzany w stawiające opór podłoże i kotwiczący dany obiekt. Z najwcześniejszych przedstawień północnoeuropejskich staków ze stýris (czyli staków wiosłowych) wynika, iż funkcją stýri nie było nadawanie statkowi kierunku, lecz zabezpieczenie go przed bocznym dryftem. Na stjóri (co w staronordyjskim znaczyło ‘prymitywny rodzaj kotwicy’) kluczowym elementem jest znajdujący się w dolnej części zaostrzony element wbijany w dno. Podobnie w języku farerskim, stjóri to lina lub zapięcie, przy pomocy którego wyciągane są z morza na brzeg ludzie i towary. Podobne znaczenie mają norweskie słowa stjor/stjore. Kluczowym argumentem przemawiającym za stawianą tu hipotezą jest to, iż stýri / stjórn / stiura itd. mają oryginalne znaczenie bliskie staronordyjskiego staurr, jak wskazują na to związki etymologiczne między nimi. Istniejący obecnie kompleks semantyczny to steer (ang.), steuern (niem.) itd. prawdopodobnie ewoluował wspólnie ze stýri (i innymi słowami), towarzysząc rozwojowi północnoeuropejskiego statku żaglowego w okresie dynastii Merowingów.
This article discusses the relationship between the Old Germanic words for ‘a rudder’: Old Norse stýri / stjórn, Old High German stiura, Old English steor, etc., and Old Norse staurr, ‘a (pointed) stake’. These words in all probability stand in an ablaut relation to each other but it is difficult to tell what the cognitive link might be. The standard answer is that a stýri etc. originally was a beam/log/pole, understood as something similar to an oar, used to steer a ship. But it is difficult to steer a ship with a beam, log or pole, and a steering oar does not look much like these things. My suggestion is that a stýri etc. originally was more or less the same as a staurr, namely a pole which goes down into a substance that provides resistance and which thus anchors something. On the earliest depictions of ships with stýris etc. in Northern Europe, which are rowing ships, it seems that the function of the stýri was not to give the ship direction but to prevent it from drifting sideways on the water. On a stjóri ‘primitive anchor’ (Old Norse), the decisive element is a pointed transverse at the bottom end which digs into the ground. Similarly, a stjóri in Faroese is a rope or fastening whereby people and goods are pulled ashore through the surf. Norwegian stjor(e) also have meanings that are fundamentally similar to this. The essential argument for the proposed understanding is that it allows stýri/stjórn/stiura etc. to have an original meaning close to that of Old Norse staurr, which the etymological relatedness demands. Our semantic complex surrounding to steer, steuern, etc., probably co-evolved with the directional stýri etc. that accompanied the evolution of the Northern European sailing ship during the Merovingian age.
Źródło:
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury; 2022, 34; 167-179
0860-8032
Pojawia się w:
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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