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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 64
Tytuł:
Analysis of root system architecture affected by swarming behavior
Autorzy:
Li, S.
Yu, W.
Liu, X.
Wang, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1078927.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Ogrodnictwa
Tematy:
root system architecture
soil nutrient
interaction
root system
root growth
dynamic growth
swarming
behaviour
Opis:
The root system architecture (RSA) displays complex morphological characteristics because of diverse root growth behaviors. Recent studies have revealed that swarming behavior among roots is particularly important for RSA to adapt to environmental stimuli. However, few models are proposed to simulate RSA based on swarming behavior of roots. To analyze plasticity of RSA affected by swarming behavior, we propose viewing it as a swarm of single roots. A swarming behavior model is proposed by considering repulsion, alignment, and preference of individual single roots. Then, the swarming behavior model is integrated into a simple and generic RSA model (called ArchiSimple). Lastly, characteristics of RSA affected by swarming behavior model and non-swarming behavior model are compared and analyzed under three different virtual soil sets. The characteristics of RSA (such as primary root length, lateral root length, lateral roots, and resource uptake) are significantly promoted by swarming behavior. Root system distributions can also be greatly affected by swarming behavior. These results show that root foraging and exploration in soil can be regarded as collective behavior of individual single root.
Źródło:
Journal of Horticultural Research; 2020, 28, 1; 1-12
2300-5009
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Horticultural Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field phenotyping of plant roots by electrical capacitance - a standardized methodological protocol for application in plant breeding: a Review
Autorzy:
Streda, T.
Haberle, J.
Klimesova, J.
Klimek-Kopyra, A.
Stredova, H.
Bodner, G.
Chloupek, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
root system
drought tolerance
varieties
yield
Opis:
Due to the absence of a suitable method and standardized procedures, the root systems of plants have been evaluated to a much lesser extent than aboveground organs. The aim of this article is (i) to provide a detailed description and thus standardization of an upgraded procedure of electrical capacitance measurement for evaluating the size of the root system of plants in situ, which allows for a reassessment to be made during the growing season and subsequent harvest of seeds for the planting of selected progenies, (ii) to demonstrate, through a standardized methodological protocol, the applicability of root electrical capacitance measurement as a field phenotyping method for the selection of superior root systems to improve crop abiotic stress tolerance and resource efficiency, (iii) to suggest a standardized methodological protocol for the application of electrical capacitance measurements in breeding nurseries, and (iv) to discuss the methodological aspects, development and limitations of this method. A methodological overview of the use of electrical capacitance to measure plant root systems, which emerged from working groups directed by the author of this unique method, is presented along with a standardized protocol. An overview of the application of electrical capacitance measurements of roots in breeding is shown along with some examples of successful applications.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 2; 173-184
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of d(r) substitutions on plant dry matter and root size in hexaploid triticale
Autorzy:
Oracka, Teresa
Łapiński, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
chromosome substitution
root system
rye
triticale
wheat
Opis:
Two sets of disomic substitution lines, derived from the cultivars ‘Presto’ and ‘Rhino’ of triticale, with rye chromosome pairs replaced by their wheat D-genome homoeologues, were tested in hydroponic culture. The size of root system (dry matter, length, number of seminal and adventitious roots) was investigated together with total plant dry matter. The results were influenced mainly by the growth stage and interaction between homoeology group of exchanged chromosomes and varietal background. In relation to the controls (unchanged cultivars), only the ‘Rhino’ 2D(2R) showed a significant increase of plant dry matter. No significant negative effect on plant mass was stated for the 3D(3R) in ‘Presto’ and the both 1D(1R) substitutions. Tolerance of the 4D(4R), and 5D(5R) disomic substitutions was poor; 7D(7R) was absent as not able to survive. The majority of changes noticed for the root system parameters were parallel to the changes in plant dry matter. Besides, some effects specific to root system were found in adult plants. Relationships are discussed between the obtained results and the earlier ones on disomic rye additions to hexaploid wheat.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2005, 52; 15-27
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of root and shoot growth of selected grass species on the basis of seedling characterization
Autorzy:
Dziamski, Andrzej
Stypczyńska, Zofia
Żurek, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-04-19
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
turf grass
root system
aboveground biomass
Opis:
Our study was designed to describe possibilities to estimate above- and below ground biomass of selected grass species by means of seedling development. Festuca  arundinacea Schreb., Festuca  rubra L.,  Lolium perenne L., Poa pratensis L., Koeleria macrantha  (Ledeb.) Schultes, Deschampsia  caespitosa  (L.) P.B. were used in our experiment. On the basis of observations and measurements, differences between species, cultivars and ecotypes were described. Significant and positive correlation was found between root: shoot ratio at seedling phase and at mature plants.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2012, 65; 3-14
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Root system development of maize "stay-green" type in conditions of differentiated mineral fertilization
Rozwój systemu korzeniowego kukurydzy typu "stay-green" w warunkach zróżnicowanego nawożenia mineralnego
Autorzy:
Szulc, P.
Waligóra, H.
Skrzypczak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/334451.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
kukurydza
system korzeniowy
nawożenie
maize
root system
mineral fertilization
Opis:
Pot experiment was carried out in the Department of Agronomy, University of Life Sciences in Poznań. Two maize fertilization methods were analyzed; without mineral fertilization and with the use of NPK fertilization. Furthermore, in the NPK fertilization, was applied together with kieserite which is permitted to be used in ecological agriculture. The effect of this method on the development of the root system of "stay-green" maize hybrid in the phase of BBCH 89 was studied. Significantly the highest fresh matter, dry matter, root system volume in a single plant and the highest dry matter content in the roots was obtained in the object, where NPK + kieserite > NPK > zero NPK was applied.
Doświadczenie wazonowe wykonano w Katedrze Agronomii, Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu. Porównywano w nim zróżnicowane nawożenie mineralne kukurydzy tzn. bez nawożenia mineralnego i nawożenie NPK. Ponadto w nawożeniu NPK stosowano łącznie również kizeryt, który jest dopuszczony do stosowania w rolnictwie ekologicznym. Badano wpływ zróżnicowanego nawożenia mineralnego na rozwój systemu korzeniowego mieszańca kukurydzy typu "staygreen" w fazie BBCH 89. Istotnie największą świeżą masę, suchą masę, objętość systemu korzeniowego pojedynczej rośliny oraz zawartość suchej masy w korzeniu posiadała kukurydza na obiekcie NPK+kizeryt > NPK > 0 NPK.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2010, 55, 4; 139-141
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increasing nitrogen use efficiency with lower nitrogen application frequencies using zeolite in rice paddy fields
Autorzy:
Wu, Q.
Chen, T.
Chi, D.
Xia, G.
Sun, Y.
Song, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
available nitrogen
nitrogen uptake
root system
labour force
Opis:
Zeolite can effectively regulate the nutrient status in the root zone of crops, thereby increasing nitrogen utilization. However, there has been relatively little research conducted concerning a possible reduction in the frequency of nitrogen application due to the sustained-release properties of zeolite. In this study, 157.5 kg ha-1 nitrogen in the form of urea fertilizer was applied at the same rate, either as a one-time application or as a 3-way split application with and without 10 t ha-1 zeolite. The effects on rice yield, nitrogen uptake, root morphology and soil properties were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Results showed that zeolite could enhance the biomass, leaf area index and nitrogen uptake. A higher rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake following soil treatment with zeolite could be attributed to a higher soil cation exchange capacity as well as nitrogen and potassium availability in the soil especially during the vegetative period of the rice plant. The addition of nitrogen to the soil as a one-time application or 3-way split application with 10 t ha-1 zeolite significantly increased rice grain yield by 8.5 or 10.7% compared with nitrogen as a one-time application without zeolite. Zeolite addition greatly improved the development of root morphology and activity compared with treatments without zeolite, which contributed to additional plant growth. The addition of nitrogen to the soil with 10 t ha-1 zeolite as a one-time application that can significantly increase nutrient retention is recommended to improve rice grain yield and decrease nitrogen application frequencies in order to lower both labour forces and energy requirements.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 2; 263-269
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of additions of rye chromosomes on plant dry mat ter and root size in bread wheat
Autorzy:
Oracka, Teresa
Łapiński, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-22
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
addition lines
chromosome
root system
rye
wheat
Opis:
The toleration of poor soil and high efficiency of mineral nutrients use of rye has been successfully transferred to triticale, but only one rye chromosome (1RS) has been used in wheat breeding. We started studies on identification of other rye chromosomes potentially useful in improvement of wheat, with special emphasis on root characters. We analyzed dry matter, length and number of roots (seminal and adventitious roots separately), together with plant dry matter, in two sets of disomic wheat-rye addition lines (CS-‘Blanco’ and CS-‘Imperial’). Plants were grown in hydroponic culture. In relation to the ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) wheat, all the addition lines showed decrease of plant and root size parameters. The chromosomes 5R and 7R were best tolerated in wheat, but they caused a decrease of root proportion in plant. The 4R addition was the least viable one, but the root/plant ratio was higher than in wheat. The results were influenced mainly by interaction between homoeology group and cultivar of origin of rye chromosomes. The highest interactions of this kind were found in the 5R and 6R additions.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2005, 52; 3-14
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Root system development in two provenances of Picea abies at two different sites
Autorzy:
Mauer, O
Palatova, E.
Beran, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
international conference
Europe
forest ecosystem
plant breeding
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
root system architecture
skeletal root
fine root
root system development
provenance
biomass
vitality
length
Opis:
The paper examines the development of the root system (both skeletal and fine roots) in 19-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) of two provenances (from altitudes 320 m and 1100 m), growing on two plots (540 m a.s.l., lowland, modal Cambisol; 820 m a.s.l., slope, ranker podzol), by comparing 34 parameters. The results show that the root system emergence is not affected by provenance but rather by site, namely by soil type and terrain slope. At an altitude of 540 m, both provenances produced an anchoring root system of circular floor projection with a rooting depth of 80 cm, while at an altitude of 820 m they had an elliptical superficial root system with a rooting depth of 45 cm. At the higher-situated plot, the provenance from an altitude of 1100 m showed a higher biomass, vitality, and specific length of fine roots.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationship between root and yield related morphological characters in pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Autorzy:
Ciaglo-Androsiuk, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-08-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
canonical correlations
correlations
pea
Pisum sativum
root system
yield
Opis:
Relation between morphological traits  of the root system and yield  related  traits is an important issue concerning efforts aiming at improving of ideotype of cultivated plants species, including pea. In this paper, to analyse the dependency between traits describing the root system morphology and yield potential, Person’s and Spearman's correlations as well as canonical correlations were used. Root system was analyzed in 14 and 21 day-old seedlings growing in blotting-paper cylinders. Yield po- tential of pea was analysed in a field experiment. Results of Person’s and Spearman's correlations revealed that number of lateral roots and lateral roots density were correlated witch yield related traits. Correlation between root length and shoot length was observed only for 14 day-old seedlings. The result of canonical correlations revealed that number of lateral roots and lateral roots density had the largest effect on yield re- lated traits. This work highlights, that in order to improve the yield of pea it might become necessary to under- stand genetic determination of morphological traits of the root system, especially number of lateral roots.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2012, 66; 3-16
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of root system of seedling of black cherry (Padus serotina L.) depending on seed quality
Ocena systemu korzeniowego siewek czeremchy późnej (Padus serotina L.) w zależności od jakości nasion
Autorzy:
Bieniek, A.
Kawecki, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364509.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
Padus serotina
black cherry
seedling
root system
seed quality
Opis:
The assessment of black cherry seedlings root system was carried out at the Didactic-Experimental Establishment of the UWM in Olsztyn in September 2002. The seeds from which the examined seedlings were obtained had been sown into the ground on 2 October 2001. The following seeds were used for the experiment: fresh, sown into the ground immediately after obtaining them from fruit, partly dried seeds and seed sown a month later than in the preceding case as well as physiologically immature seeds and whole fresh fruit. The root systems of seedlings obtained from seeds stored for 1 year and 2 years in open and closed “Twist” type jars at room temperature and in a freezer were also assessed. The largest proportions of seedlings were obtained from seeds stored for 1 year and 2 years in a freezer. The lowest proportions of seedlings were obtained from seeds sown a month later and from whole fresh fruit. In this experiment the most favorable development of the root system was observed in case of seedlings from seeds stored for 2 years in an open jar. The time from picking to sowing of seeds was of little importance. The seedlings from partly dried seeds and later sowing were characterized by the lowest mass of the root system.
Ocenę systemu korzeniowego siewek czeremchy późnej przeprowadzono we wrześniu 2002 r. w Zakładzie Dydaktyczno-Doświadczalnym UWM w Olsztynie. Nasiona, z których otrzymano badane siewki, wysiano do gruntu 2 października 2001 r. Do doświadczenia użyto następujących nasion: świeżych, wysianych do gruntu bezpośrednio po wydobyciu z owoców, podsuszonych oraz nasion wysianych miesiąc później od poprzedniego wariantu, a także nasion niedojrzałych fizjologicznie i całych owoców świeżych. Oceniano również system korzeniowy siewek z nasion przechowywanych 1 rok i 2 lata w otwartych lub zamkniętych słoikach „twist” w temperaturze pokojowej i w zamrażalniku. Największą liczbę siewek otrzymano z nasion przechowywanych 1 rok i 2 lata w zamrażalniku. Najmniejszy odsetek wschodów zanotowano z nasion wysianych miesiąc później oraz z całych owoców świeżych. W niniejszych badaniach najkorzystniejszy rozwój systemu korzeniowego obserwowano u siewek z nasion przechowywanych 2 lata w otwartym słoiku. Termin od zbioru do wysiewu nasion miał małe znaczenie. Siewki z nasion podsuszonych i późniejszego siewu charakteryzowały się najmniejszą masą systemu korzeniowego.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2005, 04, 1; 31-38
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prediction of wheat grain yield by measuring root electrical capacitance at anthesis
Autorzy:
Cseresnyes, I.
Miko, P.
Kelemen, B.
Fuzy, A.
Paradi, I.
Takacs, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2083056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
aboveground biomass
intercropping
nonintrusive
root methods
saturation electrical capacitance
root system
size
Opis:
This methodological study evaluated the efficiency of predicting aboveground biomass and grain yield in fieldgrown winter wheat by measuring the saturation root electrical capacitance at anthesis. Three cultivars were grown over a threeyear period as sole crops and intercropped with winter pea at halved wheat density. The root capacitance readings were converted into saturation root electrical capacitance using the relevant soil water content, according to an empirical function. At plant scale, saturation root electrical capacitance at anthesis showed a significant (p < 0.001) linear regression with the total aboveground biomass (R2: 0.653-0.765) and grain yield (R2: 0.585-0.686) at maturity for each cultivar. At stand scale, both the mean saturation root electrical capacitance and shoot dry mass at anthesis and grain yield varied over the years, and were consistently higher for the intercrops compared to the sole crops. The relative increase in saturation root electrical capacitance due to intercropping corresponded with the changes in shoot dry mass and grain yield, especially in dry years. Saturation root electrical capacitance was significantly correlated with shoot dry mass (R2: 0.714-0.899) and grain yield (R2: 0.742-0.877) for each cultivar across all cropping systems and years. In conclusion, by mitigating the soil water content effect, the measurement of saturation root electrical capacitance at anthesis is adequate to forecast grain yield and cultivar response to a changing environment.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2021, 35, 2; 159-165
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanical stress-induced reorganization of the root stem cell niche of Arabidopsis seedlings cultured in vitro
Autorzy:
Potocka, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mechanical stress
root system
stem cell
niche
root meristem
Arabidopsis thaliana
root apical meristem
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2015, 96, 1
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cytokinin overproducing ipt-161 Arabidopsis shows altered NO generation and insensitivity to selenite
Autorzy:
Kolbert, Z.
Lehotai, N.
Peto, A.
Feigl, G.
Tugyi, N.
Erdei, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
conference
cytokinin
nitric oxide
plant development
Arabidopsis
cotyledon
root system
selenite
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2013, 94, 2
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An automatic segmentation method for scanned images of wheat root systems with dark discolourations
Autorzy:
Gocławski, J.
Sekulska-Nalewajko, J.
Gajewska, E.
Wielanek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/930018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
system korzeniowy
segmentacja
szkielet
klasteryzacja
root system image
segmentation
skeleton
root discolourations
fuzzy c-means clustering
Opis:
The analysis of plant root system images plays an important role in the diagnosis of plant health state, the detection of possible diseases and growth distortions. This paper describes an initial stage of automatic analysis-the segmentation method for scanned images of Ni-treated wheat roots from hydroponic culture. The main roots of a wheat fibrous system are placed separately in the scanner view area on a high chroma background (blue or red). The first stage of the method includes the transformation of a scanned RGB image into the HCI (Hue-Chroma-Intensity) colour space and then local thresholding of the chroma component to extract a binary root image. Possible chromatic discolourations, different from background colour, are added to the roots from blue or red chroma subcomponent images after thresholding. At the second stage, dark discolourations are extracted by local fuzzy c-means clustering of an HCI intensity image within the binary root mask. Fuzzy clustering is applied in local windows around the series of sample points on roots medial axes (skeleton). The performance of the proposed method is compared with hand-labelled segmentation for a series of several root systems.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2009, 19, 4; 679-689
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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