Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "responsibility," wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów

Dostawca treści

Podbaza

Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1732
Tytuł:
Les principes de la responsabilité pénale daprès le nouveau Code pénal de la République Populaire de Pologne
Autorzy:
Wolter, Władysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/44032560.pdf
Data publikacji:
1971-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
criminal responsibility
Penal Code
Polish People's Republic
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1971, 15; 15-25
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La dissolution du rapport de travail
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43873052.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
solution
employment relationship
job
responsibility
law
working conditions
contract of employment
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1976, 2 (30); 19-35
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La responsabilité matérielle des travailleurs selon le code du travail
Autorzy:
Rafacz-Krzyżanowska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43872676.pdf
Data publikacji:
1976-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
responsibility
material responsibility
workers
labor code
work
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1976, 2 (30); 37-47
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Les droits et les devoirs fondamentaux des citoyens polonais et les Pactes des Droits de l’Homme
Autorzy:
Michalska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/44016491.pdf
Data publikacji:
1977-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
law
responsibility
citizens
Polska
Human Rights Pacts
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1977, 4 (36); 5-25
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Le probléme de la liberté des contrats et de la responsabilité dans les échanges économiques socialisés
Autorzy:
Stępniak, Lechosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43665666.pdf
Data publikacji:
1981-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
socialized economic exchanges
problem of freedom
responsibility
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1981, 3-4(51-52); 51-63
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozmiary przestępczości wśród dawnych podopiecznych sądu opiekuńczego – dzieci rodziców z ograniczoną władzą rodzicielską
Extent of Crime Among Former Juveniles Whose Parents Were Limited in Their Parental Authority, and Who Were Under the Care of Juvenile and Civil Courts
Autorzy:
Strzembosz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699060.pdf
Data publikacji:
1982
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
przestępczość
sąd opiekuńczy
ograniczona władza rodzicielska
władza rodzicielska
kara
warunki rodzinne
małoletni
zaburzenia w zachowaniu
karalność
rozmiary przestępczości
niedostosowanie społeczne
criminality
guardianship court
limited parental responsibility
parental authority
penalty
family conditions
minor
behavioral disorders
penality
extent of crime
social maladjustment
Opis:
The reported research is a continuation of the studies on families under court’s supervision in consequence of the limitation of parental authority. The former studies were conducted on the sample of such families representative of the entire country, which consisted of 757 families with the  total of 1,436 children in whose interest protection proceedings has been instituted in 1973. While in that phase of research an attempt was made to characterize the families and the children that came within the above proceedings and to describe the action of the court and the efficiency of the measures adjudicated by the court, in the present studies the further fates have been studied of 330 boys and 252 girls - formerly under the care of the court - who were aged at least 19 on September 1, 1980 (they were aged 19 - 24, mean age being 22). During the research, it was found that among the persons under examination - after coming up to the age of 17 (upper limit of minority) - there were 27% of men and 7% of women with criminal records (12% of men and 2% of women had been convicted at least twice). This percentage was three times higher as regards the convicted men and 8 times higher as regards the convicted women in comparison with the extent of crime measured by the number of convictions among men and women aged 21. Among the convicted men there were as many as 49% convicted for larceny, 19% for robbery, and 13% convicted for offences against person. As many as 84% of men were convicted for offences against property only, or for these offences as well as for others. The structure of crime of the persons under scrutiny differs from that of the whole of young adult offenders (aged 17 - 20) as regards the high percentage of those convicted for larceny. In this respect it resembles the structure of crime of the juveniles formerly under care of juvenile courts in, the cases pertaining to parental rights in Warsaw, but only as regards the sons of alcoholics (also aged 22 on the average), as the sons of non-alcoholics were in a much higher percentage convicted for offences against person, characterized by a large intensity of aggressiveness. The offences of the persons under examination resemble juvenile delinquency in the eldest age groups, though the harmfulness of their offences is much greater. 50% of the convicted men had been sentenced to immediate imprisonment already in their first case, 95% - in their second case, and all of the convicted men –in  their third case. An attempt was made to differentiate the category of the investigated sons who would be characterized by a higher extent of crime when aged over 17; however, no increase in offending was found both among children from broken homes and among those whose parents revealedconsiderable social demoralization. Even the percentage of socially demoralized mothers whose sons had criminal records when aged over 17 was only slightly higher than that of socially adjusted mothers of the convicted men. On the other hand, the men coming from towns were considerably more frequently convicted as compared with those coming from the rural areas, which seems to shake the now established opinion about the small differences between the intensity of crime in the town and the country, if we take into account the offender’s place of residence and not the place where the given offence has been committed. In spite of the confirmation by the present study of the well known regularity that there is a higher percentage of persons convicted when aged over 17 among those who revealed early behavior disorders, and in spite of the fact that there is a correlation between the improvement in the minor’s behavior accomplished by the probation officer during his supervision and the subsequent clear record of his former probationer - no correlation was found between the way in which the supervision had been performed and the criminal records of the men when aged over 17. Such a correlation was not revealed even by comparing the most highly estimated supervision with this actually not performed at all. This proves the  predominating role of factors other than probation officer’s supervision in the process of forming social attitudes of the youth. Since even those of the probation officers, who perform their supervision reliably and efficiently, are not in approximately one half of the cases able to cause improvement of their probationer’s behavior, then the role of other factors independent of the officer’s action is immense and their further negative or favourable influence may - in course of time - wholly destroy the impact of the methods of supervision. Therefore not only the probation officer’s efforts should be supported by creating the actual possibilities for him to organize the proper educational environment for his probationer but also these social processes should be strenghtened which promote the internalization by children and youths of favourable patterns of behavior and moral standards.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1982, VIII-IX; 271-290
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcjonowanie ustawy o postępowaniu wobec osób uchylających się od pracy - wyniki badań
Functioning of the act on the treatment of persons evading work
Autorzy:
Ostrihanska, Zofia
Rzeplińska, Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699284.pdf
Data publikacji:
1988
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
robocizna
uchylać się
praca
wolność
wyniki badań
leczenie
osoba
funkcjonowanie
pasożytnictwo społeczne
regulacja prawna
zatrudnienie
ustawa
nadużywania alkoholu
obowiązek
rejestracja
labour
avoid
work
liberty
findings
treatment
person
functioning
social parasitism
legal regulation
employment
law
alcohol abuse
responsibility
registration
Opis:
The Act on the treatment of persons evading work was passed on November 26, 1982 and entered into force on January 1, 1983. The passing of the Act was preceded by a period of heated discussions during which the need for this regulation or objections against it were justified by various social, economic, political legal as well as philosophical reasons. The Act bound all men aged 18-45 (with the exception of some clearly defined categories) who neither work nor learn for a period of at least 3 month and who are not registered in employment agencies as looking for a job to report at the local state administrative agencies and explain the reasons of this state of affairs. Such persons can be recognized as not working for justified reasons (in this case, they should get help if needed) or for unjustified reasons (to such persons the possibilities of taking the job should be pointed out; they should also get help if needed). Man who persistently evade work and whose sources of maintenance cannot be revealed or prove to be contradictory to the principles of social existence, are included in a list of persons who persistently evade work. The law provides for the following legal consequences towards persons who fall under its provisions: a failure in the duty to report is a transgression for which there is a penalty of limitation of liberty  of up to three months; the same penalty is provided for the registered person’s  failure to appear when summoned by the local administrative agency: a failure of a registered  person in the duty to appear when summoned in order to make a statement concerning his sources of maintenances is an offence for which a penalty of limitation of liberty or a fine is provided; the persons who have been included in the list may be obligated to perform the work for public purposes in cases of force majeure or natural calamity that constitutes a serious threat for the normal conditions of the people’s existence; a failure in this duty is an offence for which a statutory penalty is that of limitation of liberty up two years or a fine.             The Act deals with only one of the many and varied problems that result from the broad and multifarious issue of work: the situation of not being formally employed. Employment is connected with the actual policy in this respect, the labour market, and with many economic problems. The passing of the Act and the period of its functioning discussed in the present paper fell in Poland on the days of a profound socio-economic crisis which influences the problems related to employment.             In our study, however, we have taken no account of the above broader issues, focusing on the functioning of the Act: the nation of ,,evasion of work’’ and ,,a person evading work’’ it introduced, the extent of the population that falls under the Act, characterization of the population mentioned the institutions and persons involved in  realization of the Act, ways of dealing with the persons evading work, conformability of the conduct of the Act’s addresses with the model of conduct it includes, appraisal of the degree to which the aims of the Act, as set before it by the legislator have been reached, and the social effects of the law.             The study concerned the functioning of the Act in the capital city of Warsaw. The basic source of information were index cards of all man evading work that had been registered in this territory in the period from January 1, 1983, till April 30, 1984. Moreover, district constables of the police were interviewed about these men; data concerning their criminal records were obtained from the Central Criminal Register and information about their detention in the Warsaw sobering-up station was obtained from the station's files. Two years later, additional data were gathered in order to check which of the registered men worked for at least 6 month after having been registered; the course of work for public purposes done by the examined persons was also checked with enterprises that organized such work.             In the period included in the study, 2,195 men evading work were registered in Warsaw. The size of this population seems susceptible of various interpretations, depending on the adepted point of view. This number however seems insignificant as compared with that of situations vacant reported at the employment agency which for instance exceeded 18 thousand jobs for men on December 31, 1983. As shown by the analysis of the course of registration in the entire examined period, and of the differences in the sizes of the registered populations in the separate Warsaw districts, the sizes in question vary greatly and depend on administrative steps that influence the revealing of men who answer the statutory definition.             The term "person evading work" designates various persons whose various circumstances - whether socially accepted or not – justify their lack of permanent employment, and who find themselves in various situations. They are e.g. persons waiting to be called up, those who help their families with farming, alcoholics who find it impossible to keep any permanent job, men supported by their familes and looking after a family member, those who are preparing for examination to enter the university, those taking a rest after release from prison, and those who actually do work (there were about 1/4 of them): casually, seasonally or in private firms, but fail to settle their situation formally. According to the police data, as few as every tenth of the examined persons had among others, though not exclusively, illegal sources of maintenance such as offences or illicit trade. In general, the men registered as evading work did not differ from the entire population of men aged 18-45 who lived in Warsaw at that time as regards the age structure. There were among them relatively few married men. Their level of education was somewhat lower as compared with men employed at that time in Warsaw in the socialized economy; yet two-thirds of them were trained in some profession. According to the police inquiries, and to the information from index cards and from sobering-up station, three-fourth of the examined persons drank extensively; one-third of them were detained in the station, with the majority being detained repeatedly which arouses suspicion as to their dependence. 79 per cent of the registered persons were  known to the police who had to intervene in their cases comparatively often and the company they kept was appraised negatively by the police 45 per cent had criminal records (with offences against property predominating) their effence however did not provide them money enough to replace employee’s wages.             The first stage of introduction of the Act was to reveal persons liableto registration. The performance of the duty of registration met with most serious problems. Persons who reported themselves to be registered constituted less than a half of the total of those registered, this situation remaining unchanged even one year after the Act had entered into force. Even after that period, over a half of those newly registered were persons who had not been working for over a year and who thus should have been registered much earlier Some of those who reported themselves did it only because they needed a certificate of registration to settle some important personal matter A rather numerous category nearly one- third of the examined men consisted of those registered after having been punished by a transgresion board for failure in the duty of registration, and those reported by the police or public prosecutor' s office Therefore, the police were explicitly involved in the process of picking out persons evading work.             Also the realization of the entire second stage of dealing with the above persons - that of classification - arouses serious doubts.             Index cards of a great number of persons lacked information essential for the realization of the Act, i.e. concerning certain facts about the registered person and the history of this previous employment.             Among the vital decisions taken in relation to the registered persons is the recognition of the reason of their unemployment as justified or unjustified. A tendency became pronounced in these decisions to treat illness and prolonged formal transactions related to future work as valid excuses for not working and out to excuse working without formal employment. It appeared also that officials deciding in these matters enjoyed a certain degree of discretion when appraising the reasons of unemployment.             The actions taken toward the registered persons assumed first of all the character unemploying: they consisted in obligating these persons to report again and inform about employment, or in referring them; therefore these actions failed to bring about any considerable effects; had the persons in question reported directly at the employment agency, the effects would have been identical.             One-forth of the registered persons were directed to do work for public purposes. As many as two- thirds of them never even appeared to get the adress of the enterprise which such organized work, and 15 per cent reported at the workplace but failed to fulfil their duties. Thus directing to work for public purposes was of a trifle importance only; out of proportion with the effort put in the organizing of such work.             Thoroughout the period included in the study, the names of 152 (7 per cent) of the registered men were entered in the list of persons who persistently evaded work. Punishment for infringement of the disscused Act was moved for in one third of cases.             As shown by the picture of realization of the Act, the officials who apply it often face the registered men's most complex life problems, that are difficult to appraise explicitly and to decide upon beyond dispute; besides, methods of successful circumvention or evasion of the provisions of the Act appear to have emerged.             The appraisal of the functioning of the discussed Act has been done on two planes: both the realization of the legislator's intentions and the social effects of its introduction other than intended have been analyzed.             The legislator's intentions are defined as coming to the assistance of those out of work and out of school who want work, and inducing to work those who fail to express this wish. In the statements of the Minister of Justice and of the deputy reporter during the parliamentary discussion, also such aims were formulated as: drawing up a record of persons evading work and thus getting knowledge as to the extent of this phenomenon; providing hands in cases of their shortage; and soothing the indignant public opinion which demanded radical measures to fight the phenomenon of the so-called social parasitism.             The above intentions have been realized but to a slight degree. Cases of getting help from administrative agency were extremely rare, the agency playing but the role of an agent who directs clients on to the employment or medical agencies.             After registration 44.5 per cent of the examined persons took a job and 37.6 per cent continued to work incessanuy for 6 months which is the condition of their names being stroken off from the register. The latter group proved to be "better" as regards selected social traits. According to our appraisal, these persons had greater chances and possibilities of and performing a job as compared with the remaining group; what's more "inducing" them to work was frequently absolutely unnecessary.             Registration failed to provide knowledge as to the size of the phenomenon of evasion of work, inconstancy being among its characteristics. The examined persons are often temporarily unemployed, this situation far from being permanent.             Registration failed to improve the situation in the labour market: not only the number of those who found a job but also the total of those registered was too small as compared with the needs.             Whether the public opinion has been soothed and satisfied by the introduction of the Act, we do not know. What we do know, is that among those registered there were hardly any persons whose unemployment particularly irritated the public opinion (e.g. black market and foreign currency dealers). A number of persons "evad.ing work" can always be" found, and the reasons for which some of them fail to take a job would hardly meet with social desapproval.             Apart from the intended effects of any legal regulation, there are also those unintended which in the case of the discussed Act can be found in the following spheres: 1) the legal system: in the labour law (limitation of the principle of freedom of work), and in the penal law (the range of penalized acts has been broadened to include transgressions and offences provided in the Act; moreover, a penal law sanction was used as an instrument to solve a problem that belongs to the sphere of social an economic policy exclusively; 2) the sphere of political an social activities: an additional bureaucratic cell in labour exchange has been created in the case of alcoholics, intervention of the Act is but a seeming action, leaving the essence of the problem out of account; in the case of ex-convicts, the Act doubles the activity of other institutions (such person can obtain help in employment agencies or from their probation officers, and they are ,,induced" to take a job by their life situation or by the conditions on which they have been released from prison); 3) the sphere of social attitudes towards the law: failure to collect subpoenas and to appear when summoned could be observed among the registered persons which means that mechanisms of circumventing the Act emerged.             In our opinion, the Act on the treatment of persons evading work is unnecessary. A separate and independent problem of persons who evade work does not exist. Instead, there is a number of various, partly overlapping problems: demand for labour, social frustrations of the crisis period, as well as alcoholism, delinquency disturbed socialization of the youth, failure to insure employes without setting the required formalities, problem of employment of the disabled. Also favourable phenomena and traits can be found here such e.g. the energy and initiative of those who want to work more effectively and to be paid better As shown by our study, ,,social parasitism ,, i.e. the actual staying out of work and living at the expense of others, can be found in a tiny percentage of registered persons.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1988, XV; 95-152
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Civic Rights in Poland in the face of European Standards
Autorzy:
Wołpiuk, Waldemar J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43448871.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
civic rights
human freedom
European standards
constitutional provisions
democratic rights
society
personal good
constitutional law
criminal responsibility
freedom of conscience
international law
copyright
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1994, 1-4; 91-104
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Umowa między rządem Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki a rządem Republiki Federalnej Niemiec dotycząca Fundacji "Pamięć, Odpowiedzialność, Przyszłość"; Berlin, July 17, 2000 : Berlin, 17 lipca 2000 r
Powiązania:
Zbiór Dokumentów = Recueil de Documents Akademia Dyplomatyczna Ministerstwa Spraw Zagranicznych, 2000, nr 3, s. 53-71
Współwytwórcy:
Chmielewski, Jakub. Tłumaczenie
Data publikacji:
2000
Tematy:
Fundacja "Pamięć, Odpowiedzialność, Przyszłość" prawo
Foundation "Rememberance, Responsibility and the Future"
Odszkodowania wojenne
Praca przymusowa
Trzecia Rzesza (1933-1945)
Opis:
Tekst także w jęz. ang.; Zawiera: Zasady działania Fundacji; Elementy Deklaracji interesu rządu Stanów Zjednoczonych; Definicja określenia "firmy nienmieckie".
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wspólne oświadczenie przyjęte na końcowym posiedzeniu plenarnym, zamykającym międzynarodowe rozmowy dotyczące ustanowienia Fundacji "Pamięć, Odpowiedzialność, Przyszłość"; Berlin, July 17, 2000 : Berlin, 17 lipca 2000 r.
Powiązania:
Zbiór Dokumentów = Recueil de Documents Akademia Dyplomatyczna Ministerstwa Spraw Zagranicznych, 2000, nr 3, s. 72-79
Data publikacji:
2000
Tematy:
Fundacja "Pamięć, Odpowiedzialność, Przyszłość"
Foundation "Rememberance, Responsibility and the Future"
Odszkodowania wojenne
Praca przymusowa
Trzecia Rzesza (1933-1945)
Opis:
Tekst także w jęz. ang.; Zawiera: Definicja określenia "firmy niemieckie".
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antropologiczne podstawy wychowania w rozumieniu ks. Luigi Giussaniego
The Anthropological Foundations of Formation According to Rev. Luigi Giussani
Autorzy:
Michna, Małgorzata
Rynio, Alina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1857467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
realizm
doświadczenie
otwartość na hipotezę Objawienia
ryzyko wychowawcze
wolność
odpowiedzialność
integralny wymiar wychowania
realism
experience
openness to the hypothesis of revelation
risk of upbringing
freedom
responsibility
integral dimension of upbringing
Opis:
The paper deals with the anthropological foundations of formation and some of their pedagogic implications, according to the Italian thinker, educator and scholar, Rev. Luigi Giussani. He is an author of numerous publications translated into various languages, including Polish. One of his more prominent study, one that deals with the problem of formation, is the Risk of Formation that has recently been published in Polish. It is a reflection on the essence, purpose and means of formation. In the contemporary cultural and social context it is crucial to learn the anthropological foundations of Rev. L. Giussani's pedagogic thought. This is especially justified to know the realistic approach to man who „seeks his own formula”, and that idea stems from a broadly conducted educational practice. It is also valuable that the educator and founder of the religious movement Comunione e Liberazione, sa valued today, understands formation as an initiation into the whole of reality, into the discovery and understanding of its essence and sense. In his reflection, he touches the experiences that every man can have, who - as a rational being - poses questions about himself, about the significance of life and anything that is going on. At the same time, he focuses on the clash between man and a certain cultural contexts, in a concrete place and time. It follows from the present study that this formation by relying on the anthropological assumptions teaches us how to values goods and how to call threats inherent in the person, in the mentality of the world and civilization. Speaking about the formation of a man aware of his destiny, Giussani addresses a very important problem of formation to responsibility and consequence in life. Taking into consideration human freedom, he stresses that it is necessary to make a personal decision and commitment in one's own development. The Italian thinker boldly stress the truth that is disregarded today, namely that there is a need for effort, hardship and sacrifice. He summons to live an authentic life by his faith and to testify by one's own attitude about the love of God. A detailed analysis of his conception of formation calls for a separate study.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2002, 30, 2; 87-103
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praktyczny sceptycyzm
Practical Scepticism (the quotation of Gary Malinas paper)
Autorzy:
Malinas, Gary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015803.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
wolne działanie
odpowiedzialność
usprawiedliwienie
presupozycja
free agency
responsibility
excuses
presupposition
Opis:
In Section 2 of his paper (which follows the introductory section) Gary Malinas „summarises three arguments that have been advanced in recent discussions of free agency and responsibility. The first concludes that free agency and responsibility are incompatible with determinism. The second concludes that free agency and responsibility are incompatible with indeterminism. The third concludes that the concept of a free and responsible agent is incoherent. Taken collectively, they entail the conclusion of the practical sceptic: No one acts freely and responsibly. If the summary case can be filled out so that it is sound, it undercuts a number of the commitments of the thick conception of persons the fulfilment of which, arguably, is required for free and responsible action. I believe that the summary case can be filled out so that it is sound. I will adopt this belief as an unargued assumption. It entails that no one acts freely and is truly responsible for their actions. I also believe that it is true that people act freely and responsibly. Once the case for practical scepticism has been put, I devote the remainder of this paper to the vindication of this latter belief. My claim is that practical scepticism is sound, yet nevertheless, it is also true that people act freely and responsibly. The onus of the vindication will be to disarm what appears to be an explicit contradiction. Section 3 proposes a definition of free and responsible action in terms of the concept of exculpation. It argues that judgements concerning agents' responsibility for their actions are often true under the presuppositions which are in place in the settings in which the judgements are made. Those presuppositions restrict the domains over which the judgements are semantically evaluated. The practical sceptic contests those presuppositions and thereby alters the domain of semantic evaluation. Under the influence of sceptical argumentation, possibilities of exculpation which had been properly ignored can no longer be ignored. Section 4 sketches an account of presupposing and when exculpatory possibilities are properly ignored. Section 5 considers the question of whether I have conceded too much to the practical sceptic”.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 2; 103-125
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La „mistica della terra nel pensiero teologico delloriente cristiano
Mysticism of the Earth according to thought of Christian East
„Mistyka ziemi w teologicznej myśli wschodu chrześcijańskiego
Autorzy:
Aptacy, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1817900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
creazione
responsabilita
stworzenie
odpowiedzialność człowieka za stworzenie
creation
human responsibility for creation
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł jest próbę ukazania refleksji chrześcijańskiego Wschodu na temat natury, ziemi i świata jako manifestacji stwórczej woli Boga. Świat według tej nauki nie jest zwykłą emanacją Boskości ani też uporządkowaniem istniejącej wcześniej materii przez jakiegoś demiurga, jak uważali filozofowie greccy. Świat jawi się tutaj jako coś zupełnie nowego, stworzonego „z niczego” (ex nihilo). Jest on chciany i kochany przez Boga. Bóg przez świat wyraża się i nadaje wszystkim bytom, jawiącym się naszym oczom jako tylko materialne, również głęboki sens i znaczenie duchowe. Bóg przez świat wyraża się w sposób zrozumiały dla człowieka. Szczególne zadanie spoczywa więc na człowieku, który powinien odkrywać ten sens i to znaczenie obecne w bytach stworzonych, aby mogła nastąpić komunikacja między nim a Bogiem. Człowiek jako „kapłan i stróż wszechświata” dzięki duchowemu patrzeniu, dzięki „ognistym oczom” przenikającym głębię istot i rzeczy, ma za zadanie to znaczenie odkrywać i objawiać. Sens, znaczenie (logoi) tego wszystkiego, co istnieje ma swój fundament i spełnienie jedynie w Najwyższym Logosie Bożym.
This article is an attempt at showing reflection of Christian East concerning nature, earth and the world as a manifestation of Gods creative Will. The world according to this science is not an ordinary emanation of a Deity or an arranging of the former existing matter by some creator, as Greek philosophers claimed. The world appears to be something brand new, created “out of nothing” (ex nihilo). It is wanted and loved by God. God expresses Himself by the world and gives to all the beings which we can see only as material ones a deep sense and spiritual meaning as well. God, through the world, expresses Himself in a way understandable for a human being. Consequently, human being has got a special task; he should discover this sense and this meaning present in the beings created, so as to make communication between him and God possible. Human being, as “a priest and a guardian of the Universe” owing to spiritual sight, owing to spiritual “fire eyes” penetrating the depth of creatures and things, has to discover and show this meaning. The sense, the meaning (logoi) of all that exists has got its own foundation and fulfilment only in the Supreme Divine Logos.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2005, 3, 1; 433-442
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relacja człowieka do jego wytworów w aspekcie etyki środowiskowej
Relationship between human and his products in the environmental ethics aspect
Autorzy:
Sztumski, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1817707.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
skutki działania
artefakty
ocena moralna
odpowiedzialność
consequences of act
artefacts
moral evaluation
responsibility
Opis:
The subject of ethics should not only be the valuation of different forms of human actions but also the evaluation of their results. Talking about the results of human activity, I mean not only the logical effects and consequences but also the material and spiritual products of our actions, that is different artefacts.It's impossible to include all the problems and evaluation of all the results of our actions. That is why I come down just to one issue - to the responsibility for the excessive intensity of human environment by the new technology products which are used as the assistance to human organism and mind. This type of responsibility fits environmental ethics which relates to the relation between human and the environment and this is why it is something new and wider in comparison with traditionally understood moral responsibility usually limited to the relation “ human - human”. The following issues are taken into consideration in this article: human in artefact environment, threats connected with the growth of artefacts in the area of spiritual culture, biological degradation of a man assisted with artefacts.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2005, 3, 1; 281-294
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1732

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies