Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "reguła trzech" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Forecasting the Course of Cumulative Cost Curves for Different Construction Projects
    Autorzy:
    Szóstak, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314836.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    construction project
    Three Sigma rule
    cost distribution
    projekty budowlane
    reguła Trzech Sigma
    rozkład kosztów
    Opis:
    Planning the course of cumulative cost curves and effectively monitoring the implementation process and the incurred financial outlays are still significant problems in the management of construction projects. This is particularly noticeable during the execution phase of construction works. Therefore, it is worthwhile to correctly determine the shape of the cost curve before starting this stage and to periodically examine its fitting to the scheduled course of the budgeted cost curve, the envelope of cost curves characterised by the best-fit curve. There are many methods of forecasting and estimating the costs of construction works, but they are very often complicated and require the decision-maker to use and elaborate mathematical tools. The aim of the research was to determine the shape and course of the cost curves for selected construction projects. Based on the analysis of the collected data on investment projects in 3 facilities research groups (collective housing, hotels and retail service facilities), an original attempt was made to determine the best fit curve and the area of the curve, which in turn indicates the limits of the correct planning of the cumulative costs of construction projects. The Three Sigma rule was applied, correlations and determinants were determined, and the area of the cost curves was described with a third degree polynomial. The conducted research showed that: 1. the optimal formula for determining the best-fit curve, which allow to determine the cost and time of construction works, is a 3-degree polynomial; 2. cost curves, within a certain bounding box, determine the area of the most likely cash flow; 3. when planning the course of a cost curve, it is advisable to use the bounding box of cost curves rather than a single, model, theoretical, or empirical mathematical expression describing the cost curve.
    Źródło:
    Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2023, 33, 1; 71--89
    2080-5187
    2450-8594
    Pojawia się w:
    Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THE PATTERNS OF KOREAN’S NARRATIVE: BASED ON THE ‘RULE OF THREE’
    한국인의 서사 유형: ‘3의 법칙’을 중심으로
    PRZYKŁADY NARRACJI KOREAŃSKIEJ W OPARCIU O ‘REGUŁĘ TRZECH’
    Autorzy:
    KIM, Mansu
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040215.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-07-08
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    reguła trzech
    opowieść o wzroście
    opowieść narracyjna
    fikcja
    rule of three
    growth story
    Korean’s narrative
    fictitious
    Opis:
    Korea has several conflicting images. The first image was that Korea has been a small and weak country. Korean Peninsula places at the collision point of continents and oceans, so it has been forced to encounter the frequent invasions from other strong neighboring countries. The second image is that Korea is a very interesting and dynamic society which has a long history and excellent cultures. Nowadays Koreans are known to be very smart and excellent in arts and science. Owing to the ardent desire for the children’s education, young Korean students are more educated and talented than those of any other nations. Between the passive belittlement opinion and extremely exaggerated applause, there could be more balanced third opinions suitable for Korean’s position.Korea is trying to confirm its identity through the comparison with other countries; China, Japan, and the United States. China has been the most powerful empire at the center of East Asia. For this reason, Korea chose a voluntary way of submission to China for a long time. Of course, there happened to be a time of resistance as an opponent. Korea sometimes has kept the attitude of  "subservience to the stronger" on China. Japan has been considered as a less civilized country than Korea. But it grew to be the most powerful imperialist’s nation in East Asia and dominated Korea as a kind of substantial colony for 35 years. At the beginning of 20th century, the United States emerged as the super power among the all nations. Their power influenced to lots of nations as a police of the world as if they were the only police who can keep world peace. They were the friendly helper to South Korea for a long time. But it is not strange there were some occasional conflicts between the two nations.In general, Korea has chosen a policy of obedience to these powerful countries. But on the contrary of realistic attitude to them, Korean has continuously kept the attitude of independence and resistance in their deep minds. In the folk tale, it is the universal law that the weakest finally wins the strongest. The pattern of  Korean’s narratives is same to that folk tale.Koreans feels a kind of empathy to these folk tales for they have been too weak themselves. So they made their own tales based on the contrast between strong and weak. Koreans have felt serious agony against inevitable power between continent/ ocean, China/ Japan, China/ United States. These were the Koreans’ destiny in their daily life. But Koreans developed lots of fictitious narrative which shows the imaginative victory of Korean.The pattern of ‘Rule of three’ can be divided into four; simple or cumulative, progressive or ascending, contrasting or double negative, dialectical. In this paper, I am going to introduce some Korean narratives, which show the victory of the weakest. The stories of General Yushin Kim and Great Monk Samyeong could be chosen the representative examples of Korean narratives."Three colored national flag" has been used in the world. For example, French people uses three colored flag for the meaning of liberty, equality and fraternity. I guess, in Poland, the legend of ‘three eagles’ could be used for the relationship of Russia, Germany and Poland or Germany, Czech and Poland. Currently, it can be used for the Korean’s dilemma between the powerful Group Two. Koreans are always asking to themselves: which way we must choose to survive between two powerful brothers, what is the third way we can choose as the youngest brother. These questions are making many narratives on Korean themselves.
    Istnieje kilka sprzecznych ze sobą wizerunków Korei. Pierwszy z nich ukazuje ją jako małe, słabe państwo, często atakowane przez silniejszych sąsiadów. Drugi z kolei jako bardzo interesujący kraj z dynamicznym społeczeństwem, długą historią i piękną kulturą. Trzeci głosi, iż Korea pomimo bycia małym krajem jest silna i posiada swoją tożsamość.Korea podobnie jak i inne kraje potwierdza swoją tożsamość poprzez porównanie z innymi - Chinami, Japonią czy Stanami Zjednoczonymi. Chiny były najsilniejszym imperium w centrum Azji Wschodniej, dlatego też Korea przez długi okres czasu była jej podległa. Japonia z kolei, choć została uznana za kraj mniej cywilizowany od Korei, będąc najpotężniejszym narodem imperialistycznym Azji Wschodniej zdominowała ją na okres 35 lat. Z kolei Stany Zjednoczone ukazały się na początku XX wieku jako wpływowe supermocarstwo - jedyna siła mogąca utrzymać pokój na świecie. Pomimo, iż Korea wybrała prowadzenie polityki posłuszeństwa wobec wspomnianych mocarstw, Koreańczycy w swojej twórczości przez cały czas zachowywali postawę niezależności i oporu.W folklorze zauważamy uniwersalne prawo, mówiące o tym, iż to najsłabszy zwycięża najsilniejszego. Kontrast pomiędzy silnym a słabym stał się motywem przewodnim wielu podań ludowych, w których koreańscy autorzy pomimo słabości kraju, ukazują wymyślne zwycięstwo Koreańczyków. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu omówienie opowiadań obrazujących zwycięstwo właśnie tych najsłabszych. Opowieści autorstwa generała Yousin Kim oraz Wielkiego Mnicha Samyeonga stanowią najbardziej reprezentatywne przykłady takich narracji.
    한국은 몇 가지 상반된 이미지를 가진다. 첫째, 한국은 약소국이라는 인식이다. 한국은 반도라는 지정학적인 위치로 인해 대륙과 해양세력의 충돌지점에 놓여 있으며, 숱한 외국의 침략을 받으면서 수난의 역사를 살아왔다는 인식이다. 둘째, 한국은 매우 문명적이며 역동적이라는 인식이다. 한국은 높은 교육열로 인한 개인적 역량의 수월성, 오랜 역사적 경험의 축적을 통해 다양하고 역동적인 문화를 창조하고 있다는 것이다. 셋째, 한국은 작지만 강한 나라라는 인식이다. 한국의 규모는 작은 편이지만 아주 작은 나라는 아니며 고유의 정체성을 가지고 있다는 것이다.대부분의 나라가 그렇듯, 한국은 다른 나라와의 비교를 통해 자신의 정체성을 확인하고자 한다. 이때 자주 비교의 대상이 되는 국가가 중국, 일본, 미국이었다. 중국은 역사상 가장 강력하고 지속적인 제국으로서 동아시아의 중심이었으며, 한국은 중국에 대해 대부분 자발적인 순종의 길을 택했다. 물론 저항과 예속의 시기도 있었으나, 한국은 중국에 대해 ‘사대’의 태도를 보이면서도 때에 따라서는 ‘자주’와 저항을 선택하기도 했다. 일본은 한국보다 변방에 있는 나라로 치부되었으나, 근대 이후 가장 강력한 제국주의 국가로 성장하고 한국을 실질적인 식민지로 지배하였다. 한국인은 일본에 대해서도 복종, 저항, 비판의 태도를 유지해왔다. 미국은 20세기 이후 세계의 경찰국가로 떠오르면서 한국에 대해 원조자의 위치를 점해왔다.한국은 이들 강대국에 대해 대체적으로는 순종의 노선을 택했으나, 한국인의 정체성은 이들에 대한 반감과 증오, 경쟁의 관계 속에서 마련되었다. 적어도 상상적 차원에서는 ‘가장 약한 자가 가장 강한 자를 이긴다’는 서사를 지속적으로 변주해내었다.가장 약한 셋째가 첫째, 둘째를 이기고 마침내 성공한다는 이야기는 구비문학 전체에서 보편적인 이야기 형식으로 전승된다. 이를 ‘3의 법칙’이라 부를 수 있다. 한국은 늘 대륙/ 해양, 중국/ 일본, 중국/ 미국 등의 틈새에서 시달렸지만, 적어도 상상적 차원에서는 ‘3의 법칙’에 기반한 한국인의 서사를 개발함으로써 그들과의 차별성을 강조하고 자신의 정체성을 제시한 것이다.‘3의 법칙’은 축적형, 상승형,대조형, 변증법형으로 구분할 수 있다. 본고에서는 고구려, 백제를 물리치고 삼국 통일에 공헌한 김유신의 서사, 임진왜란 이후 일본을 굴복시킨 사명대사의 서사, 그리고 현재에도 진행 중인 ‘작지만 강한 나라’로서의 한국인에 대한 서사를 이러한 유형에 따라 분류하고 평가하였다.세계의 국기들에도 ‘삼색기’가 가장 많이 사용된다. 자유-평등-박애, 자유주의-공산주의-민족주의 등은 한 국가가 자신의 정체성을 만들기 위해 가장 자주 사용하는 상징적 조작이라 볼 수 있다. 예를 들어, 폴란드는 러시아-독일이라는 강력한 나라 사이에서 생존해야 했던 폴란드의 역사를 ‘세 마리의 독수리’ 이야기로 만들어 건국신화의 틀로 활용하고 있다. 현재 한국은 세계의 두 정상(group two)’에 해당하는 미국과 중국 사이에서 또 하나의 ‘3의 서사’를 만들고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences; 2017, 3; 73-84
    2449-7444
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies