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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Efficiency of acetone-butanol-ethanol-water system separation by pervaporation
    Autorzy:
    Marszałek, J.
    Kamiński, W. L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185102.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    perwaporacja
    pervaporation
    biobutanol
    quaternary system
    Opis:
    The article focuses on multicomponent system separation with the use of an innovative membranebased technique i.e. pervaporation. Pervaporation is a membrane technique for separation of liquid mixtures on solid nonporous membranes. Pervaporation is used in this study to separate a quaternary system acetone-butanol-ethanol-water. Such a system may be derived from ABE fermentation process, and the resulting product, biobutanol, is a potential biofuel and may be used in internal combustion engines. Experiments in the study involving concentration of butanol by pervaporation were performed using PERVAP 4060 flat-sheet commercial membrane. To describe the PV process a semi-empirical approach was used. As a result of experiments and calculations permeance coefficients were obtained. Separation and permeance factors were calculated to assess the efficiency of the system separation. Beforehand, activity coefficients were determined for all the components of the mixture with the NRTL equation. Separation coefficients for all the components differed depending on process parameters: concentration, feed flow rate and process temperature. The study confirmed the separation effect of the quaternary system. The most interesting results were obtained for the concentration of butanol. Pervaporation allows to concentrate butanol over 10 times. The permeance coefficient reached for butanol an average value of 7.06 10-3 in comparison with the results for ethanol 3.24 10-2 and acetone 1.83 10-2 [kmol(m2h)-1]. The temperature change from 50 to 70 [degrees]C led to an increased permeance factor and there was no apparent effect on it in the feed flow rate. Due to the hydrophobicity of the membrane water fluxes in the quaternary system were negative.
    Źródło:
    Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 1; 131-140
    0208-6425
    2300-1925
    Pojawia się w:
    Chemical and Process Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Activity of zinc in the liquid Bi-In-Sn-Zn alloys determined by Knudsen method
    Pomiary aktywności cynku w ciekłych stopach Bi-In-Sn-Zn metoda efuzyjna Knudsena
    Autorzy:
    Zajączkowski, A.
    Gąsior, W.
    Onderka, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356445.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    metoda Knudsena
    aktywność cynku
    cynk
    quaternary system
    activity of zinc
    indium
    tin
    bismuth
    zinc
    vapour pressure
    effusion method
    Opis:
    The Knudsen effusion method was used for measurements of mass loss rate of liquid Bi-In-Sn-Zn alloys, in the temperature range from 572 to 768 K. The studies were carried out for the alloys with the ratio of Bi:In:Sn equal 2:6:2, 2:2:6 and 8:1:1. The obtained results were used for the calculation of zinc vapour pressure over liquid Bi-In-Sn-Zn alloys and next the activity of zinc in the Bi-In-Sn-Zn liquid phase. It was found that for the investigated alloys the activity of zinc shows the considerable positive deviation from the Raoult's law.
    Stosując efuzyjna metodę Knudsena pomierzono szybkość ubytku masy cynku z ciekłych stopów Bi-In-Sn-Zn, w zakresie temperatur od 572 do 768 K. Badania zostały przeprowadzone dla stopów o stosunku zawartości molowych Bi:In:Sn równym 2:6:2, 2:2:6 oraz 8:1:1. Wyniki badań zostały wykorzystane do obliczenia równowagowej prężności par cynku nad ciekłymi stopami Bi-In-Sn-Zn, a następnie aktywności cynku. Stwierdzono, że dla zbadanych stopów aktywność cynku wykazuje znaczne dodatnie odstępstwa od prawa Raulta.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 3; 838-843
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of numerical methods for identification of hydrodynamic field and hydrogeochemical processes in the Quaternary multi-aquifer system
    Autorzy:
    Gruszczyński, T.
    Szostakiewicz-Hołownia, M.
    Humnicki, W.
    Małecki, J. J.
    Porowska, D.
    Stępień, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139099.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    quaternary multi-aquifer system
    hydrodynamic field
    hydrogeochemical processes
    pole hydrodynamiczne
    procesy hydrogeochemiczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents spatial analysis and numerical methods to describe the hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions in a groundwater system. The research was conducted in the northern part of the Białystok High Plane, eastern Poland, within a Quaternary multi-aquifer system. Spatial analysis was used for imaging the quasi-continuous structure of the system based on a discrete set of hydrogeological data. A high-resolution regional flow model was used to identify the groundwater discharge and discharge zones of the individual aquifers. Calculations have shown a marked asymmetry of the flow system. Deeply incised river valleys in the Niemen River basin more strongly affect the groundwater than the discharge zones in the valleys of the Vistula River basin. As a result, the underground watershed in deeper aquifers is clearly shifted westward in relation to the morphological watershed. The hydrodynamic conditions of the system determined by numerical methods were used to identify the points along the groundwater flow-path for the hydrochemical study. It was the basis for the identification of points located along the groundwater flow direction, which were used in the hydrochemical study. Computational schemes of water solution models were calculated for the quasi-equilibrium state of chemical reactions between the solution and the solid and gaseous phases. Presentation of the chemical reactions allowed determining the origin of changes in the concentrations of individual components dissolved in groundwater. It was found that kaolinitization, i.e. chemical weathering of feldspars and plagioclases is the basic process that most affects the groundwater chemistry.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geologica Polonica; 2016, 66, 3; 509-523
    0001-5709
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Laser nanosoldering of golden and magnetite particles and its possible application in 3D printing devices and four-valued non-volatile memories
    Autorzy:
    Jaworski, J
    Gawłowski, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407165.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    gold
    magnetite
    nanoparticle
    ablation
    laser nanosoldering method
    four-valued memory
    non-volatile memory
    quaternary numeric system
    filter
    Opis:
    In recent years the 3D printing methods have been developing rapidly. This article presents researches about a new composite consisted of golden and magnetite nanoparticles which could be used for this technique. Preparation of golden nanoparticles by laser ablation and their soldering by laser green light irradiation proceeded in water environment. Magnetite was obtained on chemical way. During experiments it was tested a change of a size of nanoparticles during laser irradiation, surface plasmon resonance, zeta potential. The obtained golden - magnetite composite material was magnetic after laser irradiation. On the end there was considered the application it for 3D printing devices, water filters and fourvalued non-volatile memories.
    Źródło:
    Management and Production Engineering Review; 2015, 6, 4; 43-54
    2080-8208
    2082-1344
    Pojawia się w:
    Management and Production Engineering Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    River response to climate and sea level changes during the Late Saalian/Early Eemian in northern Poland – a case study of meandering river deposits in the Chłapowo cliff section
    Autorzy:
    Moskalewicz, D.
    Sokołowski, R. J.
    Fedorowicz, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    point-bar succession
    meandering fluvial system
    Quaternary geology
    fluvial sedimentology
    Eemian Sea
    następstwo odsypu meandrowego
    meandrujący system rzeczny
    geologia czwartorzędu
    sedymentologia rzeczna
    morze eemskie
    Opis:
    Fluvial sediments in the Chłapowo cliff section were studied in order to reconstruct their palaeoflow conditions and stratigraphical position. Lithofacies, textural and palaeohydraulic analyses as well as luminescence dating were performed so as to achieve the aim of study. Sedimentary successions were identified as a record of point bar cycles. The fluvial environment probably functioned during the latest Saalian, shortly after the retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet. Discharge outflow was directed to the northwest. The river used the older fluvioglacial valley and probably was directly connected to the Eem Sea. Good preservation and strong aggradation of point-bar cycles were related to a rapid relative base level rise. The meandering river sediments recognised showed responses to climate and sea level changes as illustrated by stratigraphical, morphological and sedimentological features of the strata described. The present study also revealed several insights into proper interpretation of meandering fluvial successions, in which the most important were: specific lithofacies assemblage of GSt (St, Sp) → Sl → SFrc → Fm (SFr) and related architectural elements: channel/sandy bedforms CH/SB → lateral accretion deposits LA → floodplain fines with crevasse splays FF (CS); upward-fining grain size and decreasing content of denser heavy minerals; estimated low-energy flow regime with a mean depth of 1.6–3.3 m, a Froude number of 0.2–0.4 and a sinuosity of 1.5.
    Źródło:
    Geologos; 2016, 22, 1; 1-14
    1426-8981
    2080-6574
    Pojawia się w:
    Geologos
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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