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Tytuł:
Ocena możliwości rekompensaty miąższości drzew usuniętych ze szlaków zrywkowych zwiększonym przyrostem drzew granicznych
Assessing the possibility for the compensation of the volume of trees removed from the strip-roads by the increased increment of the edge trees
Autorzy:
Stempski, W.
Jabłoński, K.
Jakubowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/974053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
szlaki zrywkowe
straty
rekompensata strat
drzewa graniczne
przyrost drzew
leśnictwo
drzewa usunięte ze szlaku
miąższość drzew
opening−up of stands
loss
increment from increased light influx
Opis:
The purpose of the research was to assess the possibility to compensate for the volume and its 10−year increase lost on future crop and trainer trees removed from the strip−roads by the increased growth of trees at their edge. The assessment comprised the estimation of the compensation period length and its percentage value 10 years after cutting the strip−roads. The analysis also comprised 5−year−long wood volume growth periods. The research was conducted in Scots pine stand, located in the eastern part in the Notecka Forest, the area managed by the Oborniki Forest District (western Poland). The strip−roads 2.5 m and 3.5 m of width were cut every 30 m in the 31−years−old stand. The measurements covered trees growing directly at the strip−roads as well as 2−4 m and 8−10 m away from them. The volume increase was calculated on the basis of tree− ring widths, on the cross−sections cut from the mid−points of 2−meter−long sections. The simulation of the possibility to compensate for the volume loss on future crop and trainer trees removed from strip−roads was conducted by calculating the difference of the average annual volume increments in a 10−year−long period for single trees from the 0−1 and 8−10 m zones, and for the sum of differences in annual increments between these zones as well as between the 2−4 m and 8−10 m zones. The results showed that the trees growing directly at the strip−roads had the largest periodic volume increments, and in case of the wider strip−roads the largest volume increments were also found on trees growing in the 2−4 m zone away from the strip−road. Simulations of the volume loss compensation period length and of 10−year volume increment showed that the compensation was possible in the variants with the wider strip−roads. 10 years after cutting the strip−roads, the compensation for the volume loss and for the lost 10−year volume increment, resulting from the increased increment on trees form the 0−1 m and 2−4 m, was 30% and 14%, in tree stands with wider and narrower strip−roads respectively.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 01; 16-24
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ czyrenia sosnowego (Phellinus pini (Brot.) Pilat) na przyrosty radialne sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Effect of Phellinus pini (Brot.) Pilat occurrence on the radial growth of Pinus sylvestris L.
Autorzy:
Tomusiak, R.
Zarzyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
grzyby patogeniczne
czyren sosnowy
Phellinus pini
przyrost drzew
przyrosty radialne
red ring rot
white pocket rot
scots pine
tree rings
Opis:
Scots pine is the most common tree species in Poland with the share in the species structure of Polish forests exceeding 58%. The most dangerous pathogen of this species is Phellinus pini (Brot.) Pilát), which causes the white pocket rot (also called red ring rot) of pine heartwood. It is estimated that as a result of the fungus’s activity, about 8% of annually harvested pine stems is damaged and worthless. As the Ph. pini damages only heartwood, it is often recognized that its occurrence has no influence on the tree’s physiology. As it is still unknown whether the presence of this fungus also does not affect the cambium responsible for the radial growth. We carried out studies in Scots pine stands located in the Radziwiłłów Forest District (central Poland). We investigated trees from 5th and 7th age classes (Biała Góra and Budy Stare forests, respectively). A total of 60 trees were sampled (30 per site). Half of them were specimens showing advanced symptoms of sickness, while the others were healthy specimens with no evidence of infection. From each tree we took one increment core and measured the tree−ring widths. Average tree−ring width was in case of healthy trees significantly higher than for sick trees. The research showed a significant, even of a dozen percent, reduction in the annual increment of infected trees in relation to healthy trees growing on the same site. Presumably, unidentified chemicals secreted to the cambium by the growing mycelium of Ph. pini may be responsible for this. It also seems that this relationship is progressing with the growing age of tree stands and is particularly visible in old stands, for example in reserves. Thus, Ph. pini could be one of the factors limiting the natural age of pine trees and accelerating their dieback. We also found that the growth of trees affected by the disease is influenced by a factor other than climatic, disturbing the natural rhythm of their radial increments. This factor is most likely the presence of mycelium of Ph. pini in the wood.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 576-583
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza dendroklimatologiczna przyrostów radialnych inwazyjnych Acer negundo L. oraz Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall z doliny Warty
Dendroclimatological analysis of radial increments of invasive Acer negundo L. and Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall from the Warta river valley
Autorzy:
Zajdler, M.
Tyborski, J.
Dyderski, M.K.
Jagodziński, A.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
gatunki inwazyjne
klon jesionolistny
Acer negundo
jesion pensylwanski
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
przyrost drzew
przyrosty radialne
analiza dendroklimatyczna
dolina Warty
Poznan
riparian habitats
dendroclimatology
alien trees
radial growth
Opis:
Invasive tree species are one of the most important threats to the riparian ecosystems. We aimed to check (1) whether invasive tree species have wider annual radial increments than native species and (2) which climatic factors (describing annual variability of air temperature and precipitations) influence radial growth of the investigated species. The study was conducted in the Warta river valley in Poznań (W Poland). Detrended chronologies were built using 28 cores bored from Acer negundo and 20 from Fraxinus pennsylvanica. Mean annual radial increment of A. negundo was of 3.91 ±0.19 mm and of F. pennsylvanica – 2.76 ±0.08 mm. Radial growth of A. negundo was significantly correlated to precipitation in June of the increment year and temperature in November of the year before the increment. In turn, radial growth of F. pennsylvanica was significantly correlated to precipitation in April and temperature in May and June of the increment year. These factors explained 44 and 55% of variance in radial increments widths of A. negundo and F. pennsylvanica, respectively. Annual radial growth of the alien species studied were higher than in case of native riparian species. Thus, studied invasive species constitute a serious threat for the analysed riparian ecosystems. Obtained results may be helpful for predicting their spread under projected climate change scenarios.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 07; 547-554
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ małych śródleśnych zbiorników wodnych na przyrost radialny drzew
Impact of small mid-forest water reservoirs on trees radial increment
Autorzy:
Czyżyk, K.
Porter, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
mala retencja wodna
zbiorniki srodlesne
zbiorniki wodne
oddzialywanie na srodowisko
drzewa lesne
przyrost drzew
przyrosty radialne
small retention
radial increment
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of small forest water reservoirs on the radial increment of Scots pine and Norway spruce. We selected four small water reservoirs that were reconstructed in autumn 2006 in the Maskulińskie Forest District (northern Poland). Around each reservoir we placed transects according to the cardinal directions. At those transects we set up 10×10 m sample plots at different distances from the edge of the water reservoirs. On the each sample plot we made simplified phytosociological releve and set the type, subtype, and variety of soil. The impact of the water reservoirs on the radial increment was determined for Scots pine and Norway spruce growing on transects. Conducted research showed that the examined species stronger reacted to the water stored in the reservoirs by diameter increase in the initial two or three years after the reservoir reconstruction. The increment of Scots pine growing near to edge of the water reservoirs (up to 20 m) was reduced. In contrast, there was no significant impact of environmental features or weather conditions on radial increment of the analysed species.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 07; 539-546
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ warunków klimatycznych i zanieczyszczenia powietrza na reakcję przyrostową sosny zwyczajnej( Pinus sylvestris L.) rosnącej w Lasach Miejskich Szczecina
Influence of climatic conditions and air pollution on radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Szczecins city forests
Autorzy:
Cedro, A.
Cedro, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
dendroklimatologia
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
przyrost drzew
przyrosty roczne
czynniki klimatyczne
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
Lasy Miejskie-Szczecin
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2018, 79, 2
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ warunków klimatycznych na wielkości przyrostów radialnych sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) i świerka pospolitego (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) rosnących na stromym stoku
Influence of climatic conditions on the radial increments of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) growing on a steep slope
Autorzy:
Sabat, W.
Sas, A.
Racibor, E.
Tomusiak, R.
Wojtan, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/882088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny. Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej w Rogowie
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
przyrost drzew
przyrosty radialne
przyrosty roczne
warunki siedliskowe
stoki
kat nachylenia stoku
warunki klimatyczne
warunki termiczno-opadowe
dendroklimatologia
dendroekologia
Pogorze Izerskie
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej; 2018, 20, 2[56]
1509-1414
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelowanie przyrostu pierśnicowego pola przekroju jodeł w drzewostanach rębnych
Modelling the basal area increment in mature silver fir stands
Autorzy:
Skrzyszewski, J.
Pach, M.
Krzysztof, R.
Szafroń, M.
Stenka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany jodlowe
drzewostany rebne
jodla pospolita
Abies alba
przyrost drzew
przyrost piersnicowego pola przekroju
modelowanie
abies alba
diameter increment
tending
silviculture
mixed model
Opis:
Because of the very long regeneration period, final cuts in silver fir stands are always accompanied by the growing stock maintenance, which aims to maximize the revenue by increasing the share of harvest, trees with the highest timber value. We remove trees that have reached the maximum value and leave those whose value is still increasing. The remaining trees are the more valuable, the faster their value grows. The increase of a tree diameter is one of the factors that determines the value increment. The mature silver fir stand consists of trees that in youth grew in favourable light conditions and those that survived the long period of shade, achieving small dimensions. In such stands, the adjacent trees may vary greatly in diameter not related to their age. The aim of the study was to create a model describing the relationship between the increment of silver fir basal area (BAI) and the stand morphological features, age, and the dynamics of growth in early age. The research was carried out in the Brzesko Forest District and Forest Research Station in Krynica (S Poland). The sample size equalled 45 and 57 trees respectively. We used the composite form of linear mixed model. The significant positive effect on BAI (model 1) was found for the initial breast height diameter (dbh), the relative crown length as well as the age when trees reaches the 30 cm dbh. The negative impact was observed for Lorimer C18w index. The negative relationship with the relative BAI (model 2) was found for the initial dbh, slenderness, C18w index as well as the age when trees reaches the 30 cm dbh. Conditional and marginal determination coefficients reached 48 and 42% for model 1, and 62 and 38% for model 2 respectively. The results indicate the great possibility and purpose of growing stock maintenance in the pruned silver fir stands. Selecting the trees for the removal should be based on the target dbh. Had it been reached, the firs can still be characterized by a very good current BAI values. One should leave thinner firs with a relative crown length higher than average. Treatments releasing the crowns of the remaining firs, also at the cutting stage, are justified. Smaller growth at a young age (caused e.g. by shading), does not limit the possibility of obtaining trees with significant dimensions.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 06; 467-475
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stopień uszkodzenia drzewostanów bukowych Ziemi Kłodzkiej
Degree of damage to beech stands in the Klodzko Region
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Ziemia Klodzka
drzewostany bukowe
uszkodzenia drzewostanow
defoliacja
witalnosc
syntetyczny wskaznik uszkodzenia
stopien uszkodzenia
drzewa lesne
buk zwyczajny
Fagus sylvatica
uszkodzenia drzew
reakcje przyrostowe
przyrost piersnicy
fagus sylvatica
damage to trees
Opis:
The study presents the assessment of damage to beech stands using four methods, including that taking into account the radial increment. The condition of stands in 2016, and the growth response of trees to the environmental changes since 1956 are described. The measurements and observations were carried out on 18 sample plots (tab. 1) located in south−western Poland. The mean defoliation accounts for 32.5% ranging from 16.9 to 56.9%, while the average defoliation class value is 1.62 ranging from 0.75 to 2.38. The proportion of trees was found to be the highest (approx. 60%) in class of moderate damage (fig. 1a). The mean value of vitality is 1.17 (ranging from 0.75 to 2.38). The proportion of trees in vitality classes differs significantly from that in defoliation classes. The highest number of trees (approx. 80%) was found to be within damage class of weakened trees (fig. 1b). The assessment of damage to trees based on synthetic damage index (defoliation and vitality combined using formula [1]) is similar to the assessment method based on tree vitality. The mean value is 1.07, ranging from 0.63 to 1.70. The largest proportion of trees (over 80%) was found to be within class 1 (fig. 1c). The index SynZ combines defoliation and vitality, as well as the growth response of trees over the last 15 years according to formula [2]. Its values range from 0.82 to 1.79 with 1.21 on average. The largest proportion of trees (over 70%) was found to be within damage class 1 (fig. 1d). The response of trees to environmental changes is an important indicator of the growth conditions. The proportion of trees with negative growth responses increases from period to period, while the proportion of trees with neutral and positive responses decreases (fig. 2). The analysed beech stands show fairly large differences in the level of the damage. The most likely cause of this situation are droughts occurring in recent growing seasons, especially in 2012. Of the methods deployed to assess damage to beech trees, the morphological−growth one is the most accurate, but the most laborious. Therefore, it is preferable to use a synthetic damage index as both tree defoliation and vitality can also be assessed outside the growing season.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 05; 430-439
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ konkurencji na przyrost grubości drzew w wyżynnych lasach mieszanych o złożonej budowie
Effect of competition on the diameter growth of trees in mixed upland forests with complex structure
Autorzy:
Śmigielski, A.
Socha, J.
Maciejewski, Z.
Pach, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Roztoczanski Park Narodowy
drzewostany naturalne
drzewostany mieszane
drzewa lesne
grab
buk
jodla
przyrost drzew
przyrost grubosci
wskazniki konkurencyjnosci
competition indices
natural stands
roztocze national park
Opis:
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of competition on diameter growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) in forests with complex structure. For each tree we calculated set of 20 competition indexes in 4 variants for determining the scale of the competitors influence. The use of such a set of indices, allowed to describe accurately the competition between trees in the specific conditions for the particular tree species. Given species belong to the group of shade−tolerant trees. The species composition of the tree stands and their structure are the results of long−lasting natural processes, which is different than in the majority of Polish forests. The empirical material collected in the years 1993 and 2003 in four sample plots of 0.5 ha each located in natural stands of the Roztocze National Park in south−eastern Poland. The relationships between the competition and the growth were analysed using generalized additive models. This method allows to extend of the standard linear model, by taking into account non−linear function of each variable. One of the option of quantifying competition processes is the use of competition indices. The competition situation of an individual tree was described using distance−independ and distance−depend indices. Each of analysed species reacts differently on competition. Among the three analyzed species, the best competition index CI15 explained 48.3% of the variation diameter growth of European beech (tab. 2). The competition index CI3 explained only 26.1% of the variation diameter growth of European hornbeam (tab. 2). It turned out to be the worst result for the described species. The competition index CI14 explained 31.1% of the variation diameter growth of silver fir (tab. 2). Additional use of DBH in the models, increased values of the coefficient of determination, and extended the possibilities to use the developed models.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 05; 365-378
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ sposobu pielęgnowania uprawy na wzrost dębu
Effect of cleaning treatments on a growth of sessile oak in young growth phase
Autorzy:
Milewski, M.
Andrzejczyk, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987058.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
uprawy lesne
zabiegi pielegnacyjne
czyszczenia wczesne
drzewa lesne
dab bezszypulkowy
Quercus petraea
wzrost roslin
przyrost drzew
przyrost piersnicy
przyrost wysokosci
wspolczynnik smuklosci
silviculture
stand tending
cleaning
quercus petraea
Opis:
We examined growth of oaks after cleaning carried out in a 11−year−old stand in Kolumna Forest District (central Poland). The purpose of the treatment was to remove naturally regenerated species mainly birch. Four different cleaning variants were applied. They differed in time of application and height of unwanted trees i.e. spring cleaning at ground level in every second oak row (W1) or over the entire surface (W2), breaking at a height of 1 m in spring (W3) or in summer (W4) and control (K) where trees were not removed. We analyzed height and its increment, dbh and its increment as well as slenderness, i.e. h:d ratio, in 4−year−long period after treatment. The study reviled that the cleaning, regardless of the applied method, significantly improved oak growth, while lack of cleaning led to increased competition of birch. The pressure from the other species firstly reduced diameter increment and later the height increment (tab.). As a result, the h:d ratio of oaks increased. The 4−year height and dbh increment were similar in all the applied treatments but in the last year of study the dbh increment in variants W2 and W4 was significantly higher than in W1 and W3 due to greater competition of birch in these variants (figs. 1 and 2). Cleaning done on a limited area provides satisfactory growth and stability for young oaks, but it is probable that such a stand needs more frequent intervention than the one from W2 cleaning variant.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 03; 189-195
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ terminu i sposobu wycinania brzozy brodawkowatej na jej regenerację i wzrost w uprawie dębowej
Effect of time and cleaning method on silver birch sprouting ability and growth in oak young growth
Autorzy:
Andrzejczyk, T.
Milewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
uprawy debowe
mlodniki debowe
zabiegi pielegnacyjne
ciecia pielegnacyjne
wycinanie drzew
terminy zabiegow
gatunki domieszkowe
brzoza brodawkowata
Betula pendula
zdolnosc regeneracyjna
regeneracja roslin
wzrost roslin
przyrost wysokosci
betula pendula
sprouts
stump height
growth
cleaning
silviculture
Opis:
The objective of the study was to examine the sprouting ability and growth of silver birch after cleaning in a 11−year−old oak stand in Kolumna Forest District (central Poland). The purpose of the cleaning was to remove naturally regenerated birch. Six different treatments were applied as a cleaning methods. They differed in time of application and height of cutting or breaking the birch sprouts, i.e. spring cleaning at ground level in every second oak row (W1) or over the entire surface (W2), cutting or breaking at a height of 1 m in spring (W3a, W3b) and cutting or breaking at a height of 1 m in summer (W4a, W4b). We analyzed the formation of new sprouts and their height and dbh increment over a 4−year period after the treatment. On average, after spring cleaning 10−20% of birches produced new sprouts when birch was cut at the ground level. When cut at one meter, 85−90% of birches produced new sprouts. Cleaning in the summer decreased the sprouting ability by 20−25%. There were also significant differences in height growth of sprout between spring (better) and summer (worse) time of cleaning. There were no significant differences in sprouting ability and sprout growth between cutting and breaking when done at the same time of the year. Thus, the most effective way to restrict competition of birch in young oak stands is cutting at ground level.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 04; 295-302
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zależność wybranych cech drzewostanów od położenia nad poziomem morza na przykładzie Parku Narodowego Gór Stołowych
Dependence of selected stand characteristics on the elevation on the example of the Stolowe Mountains National Park
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Szneidrowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy gorskie
Park Narodowy Gor Stolowych
dynamika drzewostanu
miazszosc drzew
miazszosc drewna
zasobnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie drzew
przyrost miazszosci
czynniki siedliska
wysokosc nad poziomem morza
current volume increment
elevation zone
forest renewal
net changes in standing volume
tree density
Opis:
The elevation is used to illustrate the differences in the structure and growth of mountain forests. The aim of the study was to determine (1) whether the characteristics used to describe the condition and structure of forest stands under protection status (volume of merchantable timber, tree density, total height of trees in the regeneration layer, volume of dead stems, current annual volume increment, volume of dead trees, periodic changes in standing volume) change at the same rate along with the elevation, and (2) whether in mountains without upper montane zone, the values of the selected characteristics of stands located in the highest elevation zone decrease at a low rate with elevation and are comparable to the stands at the same elevation in higher mountains ranges. The study was located at an elevation of 400−909 m a.s.l. in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (PNGS; SW Poland). We used data from the measurements performed in 2009 and 2014 on 358 permanent sample plots. Plots were assigned to one of five elevation zones of 100 m a.s.l. We assumed that the characteristic value decreased with the increase in the elevation, and that such change was the same for all stand characteristics. This hypothesis was verified using the ANOVA for the repeated samples. The calculations were based on standardized values of the characteristics measured on individual sample plots. The higher above sea level the plot was located, the greater share of spruce in the stand (fig. 1). The standing volume (fig. 2), trees density (fig. 3) and current annual volume increment (fig. 6) decreased with elevation, while the volume of dead stems (fig. 4) increased. The net changes in standing volume (fig. 8) were the smallest in the stands located at the lowest and at the highest zone (400−499 and 800−909 m a.s.l.). No significant relationship was found between the total height of trees in the regeneration layer (fig. 5) or the volume of dead trees in the period 2009−2014 (fig. 7) and the elevation. Individual characteristics differed in the rate of changes of their values with elevation (fig. 9). The structure of stands growing at the highest elevation was the most variable. These stands were rather a substitute for the upper montane zone forests. The rate of the observed decrease of the volume of merchantable timber, tree density and current volume increment in the stands of PNGS was higher than in other forests in the Polish mountains.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 131-141
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adaptacja wybranych pochodzeń modrzewia europejskiego do klimatu nizin centralnej Polski
Adaptation of the selected provenances of European larch to climate of lowlands in central Poland
Autorzy:
Wilczyński, S.
Szymański, N.
Olejnik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989610.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
modrzew europejski
Larix decidua
proweniencje
wzrost roslin
przyrost drzew
czynniki klimatyczne
doswiadczenia proweniencyjne
Polska Centralna
larix decidua
climate
radial increment
provenance trial
Opis:
The study evaluated the sensitivity of European larch (Larix decidua) of two provenances to thermo−pluvial conditions on the provenance plot located in Sękocin Stary (52°05‵ N, 20°51‵ E, 125 m a.s.l.). The studied larches originated from Pelplin (lowland, northern Poland, 50 m a.s.l.) and Szczytna (upland, southern Poland, 525 m a.s.l.). The trees of both provenances differed in terms of their quantitative and qualitative breeding characteristics. The trees originated from different climatic regions whose climate was also different from the climate of the provenance plot. Values of the size of the radial increments measured at cores extracted from the trees were the measure of their sensitivity to the climatic factor. The cluster and principal component analyses were used to classify the trees according to their features of the short−term rhythm of the radial increments. The response function and pointer years analyses were used to evaluate climate−growth relationships. The results of the study show the trees of both provenances have similar sensitivity to the thermo−pluvial conditions in the previous September, the temperature in March and the precipitation in May of the year of tree−ring formation. The larches of Pelplin provenance, in contrast to the trees of Szczytna provenance, were sensitive to the low temperature in February and the low precipitation in the growing season. These features could be one of the causes of the lower incremental abilities of the trees of Pelplin provenance. The larches of Szczytna provenance had higher frost tolerance in February and drought tolerance in summer.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 08; 656-665
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in increment of trees diameters on plant-soil treatment system after long-term irrigation with domestic sewage
Zmiany przyrostów średnic drzew na terenie oczyszczalni roślinno-glebowej po okresie wieloletnich nawodnień ściekami bytowymi
Autorzy:
Pawęska, K.
Kuczewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biomass
effluent irrigation
tree diameter
poplar
plant-soil treatment system
biomasa
ścieki bytowe
nawodnienia ściekami
przyrost drzew
topola
oczyszczalnia roślinno-glebowa
Opis:
Carbon dioxide sequestration and its long-term immobilisation in biomass is recently an extremely significant problem. Its greatest reserves occur in forests growing all over the globe. A human being, through their conscious action, ought to affect, among other things, the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere and its rational management. Here, quite a good solution seems to be the immobilisation of CO2 in biomass of plants, and in particular, in trees, characterised by their longevity, which are used most frequently for that purpose. Such carbon dioxide management allows for its several-decade immobilisation within living plants, while a further processing of wood mass allows for halting it for consecutive years in products manufactured. Additionally, in the case when within a selected land planted with trees the effluent irrigation is being carried out, simultaneous sewage treatment is also an advantage. By using plants characterised by intense increment in biomass within facilities, also biogens occurring in effluents may be effectively removed. In the analysed case, sewage treatment consisted in entry of household sewage into a prepared surface which was previously subject to mechanical purification. All the sections were sown with grass mixture and plantings of poplar were used. Observations were made during the period of 17 years. The effluents entered onto the surface of the sections and the effluents outflowing from the facility were subject to a physicochemical analysis in order to determine the operational efficiency of a plant - soil treatment system. Also, a threefold inventory of a forest stand was made in order to determine the increment in trees. The last inventory was made in 2014. Based on dendrological characteristics, the average volume of wood mass obtained from the land irrigated with effluents was assessed. A rational management of effluents on the grounds without any central drainage allows for a parallel solution to some problems. First of all, purification of effluents in a natural environment by closing the matter cycle, and additionally contributing to the limitation of carbon dioxide emission by its halting in plant biomass.
Sekwestracja dwutlenku węgla, jego długotrwałe unieruchomienie w biomasie jest ostatnio problemem niezwykle istotnym. Największe jego rezerwy znajdują się w lasach porastających kule ziemską. Człowiek poprzez swoje świadome działanie powinien wpływać między innymi na ilość dwutlenku węgla odprowadzanego do atmosfery oraz na racjonalne gospodarowanie nim. Dość dobrym rozwiązaniem zdaje się tu być unieruchomienie CO2 w biomasie roślin, a w szczególności w charakteryzujących się długowiecznością drzewach, które wykorzystywane są w tym celu najczęściej. Taka gospodarka dwutlenkiem węgla pozwala na kilkudziesięcioletnie unieruchomienie go w żywych roślinach, natomiast dalsza przeróbka masy drzewnej na zatrzymanie go przez kolejne lata w wytworzonych produktach. Dodatkowo w przypadku kiedy na wybranym, obsadzonym drzewami terenie prowadzi się nawodnienia ściekami, korzyścią jest również równoczesne oczyszczanie ścieków. Przy wykorzystaniu na obiektach roślin charakteryzujących się intensywnym przyrostem biomasy można również efektywnie usunąć biogeny znajdujące się w ściekach. W analizowanym przypadku oczyszczanie ścieków polegało na wprowadzeniu na przygotowaną powierzchnię ścieków bytowych, poddanych wcześniej mechanicznemu oczyszczeniu. Wszystkie kwatery obsiano mieszanką traw oraz zastosowano nasadzenia topolowe. Obserwacje prowadzono przez okres 17. lat. Analizie fizykochemicznej poddawano ścieki wprowadzane na powierzchnię kwater oraz odpływające z obiektu celem określenia skuteczności pracy oczyszczalni roślinno-glebowej. Przeprowadzono również trzykrotną inwentaryzację drzewostanu w celu określenia przyrostu drzew. Ostatnią inwentaryzację wykonano w roku 2014. Na podstawie charakterystyki dendrologicznej oszacowano średnią miąższość masy drzewnej uzyskanej z terenu nawadnianego ściekami. Racjonalna gospodarka ściekami na terenach bez centralnej kanalizacji pozwala na równoległe rozwiązanie kilku problemów. Przede wszystkim oczyszczanie ścieków w środowisku naturalnym poprzez zamykanie obiegu materii, a dodatkowo przyczynianie się do ograniczenia emisji dwutlenku węgla poprzez zatrzymywanie go w biomasie roślin.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2016, 42, 4; 96-103
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dendrochronologiczna ocena przestrzennej zmienności zagrożenia osuwiskowego w masywie Góry Prusów (Beskid Żywiecki)
Dendrochronological assessment of spatial distribution of landslide hazard in the massif of Mt Prusow (Beskid Zywiecki Mts)
Autorzy:
Wistuba, M.
Malik, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/880453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny. Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej w Rogowie
Tematy:
osuwiska
ocena zagrozenia
dendrochronologia
drzewa
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
jodla pospolita
Abies alba
przyrost drzew
sloje przyrostu rocznego
dekoncentrycznosc
gora Prusow
Beskid Zywiecki
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej; 2016, 18, 3[48]
1509-1414
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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