Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "przeciwdzialanie" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów

Dostawca treści

Podbaza

Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 172
Tytuł:
Koncepcje przeciwdziałania alkoholizmowi i narkomanii w Polsce okresu międzywojennego
Ideas on counteracting alcohol and drug addiction in Poland between the two world wars
Autorzy:
Nelken, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699251.pdf
Data publikacji:
1987
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
alkoholizm
narkomania
kokainizm
trzeźwość
alkohologia
przeciwdziałanie
alcohol
ustawodastwo
leczenie
alcoholism
drug addiction
cocainism
sobriety
alcohology
counteraction
legislation
treatment
Opis:
The birth of the independent Poland in 1918 activated a social movement against alcoholism and drug addiction. In 1919, the Polish Society for Fighting Alcoholism ,,Trzeźwość'' ("Sobriety'') was established which operated nationwide and which in the period between the two wars became the main factor of fighting alcoholism. In the light of the Statute of "Trzeźwość" and resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses, as well as the postulates of psychiatrists, the ideas of how to fight alcoholism included three spheres: a. anti-alcoholic legislation and its practical enforcement; b. anti-alcoholic propaganda and education; c. treatment of alcoholics.             In 1919, a draft was submitted to the Diet that proposed a total prohibition of production and sale of alcoholic beverages. It was referred to a Diet commission which subsequently changed its contents. Then. The Diet passed an Act of 23 April 1920 on restrictions in sale of alcoholic beverages. The Act, based on a concept of partial prohibition. Introduced considerable restrictions in sale of beverages containing over 2.5 per cent of pure alcohol, and a total prohibition of sale of beverages with over 45 per cent alcohol. Moreover, the sale of alcohol was prohibited to workers on paydays and holidays, as well as at markets, fairs, church fairs, pilgrimages, on trains and at railway stations. According to the Act, each rural or urban commune could introduce on its territory a total prohibition of sale of alcoholic beverages by voting. The Act limited the number of places where alcohol could be sold or served to one per 2,500 of the population all over the country. A licence issued by administrative authorities was required to sell or serve alcohol. The statutory instrument to this Act created commissions for fighting alcoholism of the 1st and 2nd instances which were to supervise the compliance to the Act of 1920 and to impose penalties provided for the infringement of its provisions. The commissions consisted of representatives of the State administration and social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. Moreover, the Act of 2l January 1922 introduced a penalty of fine or arrest for being drunk in public. A person who brought another person to the state of intoxication was also liable to these penalties.             The complete execution of the anti-alcoholic Act met with obstacles: for instance, alcohol was secretly served on the days of prohibition (e.g. during fairs). The Act of 31 July 1924 established the Polish Spirit Monopoly (P.M.S.). The production of spirit and pure vodka thus became a State monopoly' Production and sale of the P.M.S. beverages increased gradually as it constituted an important source of the State revenue. For this reason. a new anti-alcoholic Act of 21 March 1931 was passed which greatly reduced the restrictions in the sale of alcohol as compared with former regulations. A further reduction in these restrictions resulted from Acts of 1932 and 1934. The P.M.S. Board of Directors argued that a growth in production was necessary to suppress illegal distilling of alcohol the products of which were imperfectly rectified and threatened the health of the population. Instead according to the conception of "Trzeźwość’’ and other social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. illegal distilling of alcohol should be detected and suppresed by the police while it was in the interest of the health and morals of the population to curtail greatly the sale of alcohol and for this reason it was necessary to reintroduce the anti-alcoholic Act of 1920 However, in consideration of the State's fiscal interests. the Act was not reintroduced and the other Acts that extended the production and sale of the P.M.S. products were only replaced after World War II.             According to the ideas of ,,Trzeźwość'' and other organizations fighting alcoholism, anti-alcoholic propaganda and education should be made by professionals and have a wide range, since it is impossible to fight alcoholism without informing the population of the harmful effects of alcohol. Guidelines for this activity were worked out at the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses of which there were seven in the period between the wars.             Besides, in 1937 the 21st International Anti-Alcoholic Congress took place in Warsaw during which the Polish draft of an international anti-alcoholic convention was Supported. The draft provided a considerable limitation of alcohol sale, a regulation of penal liability for offences and transgressions committed in the state of intoxication, and lectures on alcohology in schools. The states signatories to the convention would be called upon to pass acts consistent with the content of the convention. The work on this draft was stopped by the outbreak of the war.             The resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses demanded lectures on alcohology in all types of schools, at teachers courses and at specialist courses for employees of various departments, the Ministry in of Communication particular. The range of alcohology taught at schools should be conformed to the type of school and the general knowledge or students. The postulate of teaching alcohology in schools was partly realized and courses were organized for railway employees by the Abstainer Railwaymen League. At the State School of  Hygiene in Warsaw a several days course in alcohology was organized every year in which 200--300 persons participated, mainly teachers, physicians and clergymen of various denominations. Besides, ,,Trzeźwość'' organized travelling exhibitions that made tours of towns to show the harmful effects of alcoholism. The Abstainer Railwaymen League organized, an exhibition in a railway carriage which was visited by many thousands of persons at railway stations in different parts of the country. A lecturer on alcohology was employed to have talks during the exhibition. In early February every year a nationwide Sobriety Propagation Week was organized. Various publications were also brought out which demonstrated the harmful effects of alcohol and the ways of fighting alcoholism, both scientific and those for general use. Treatment  of alcoholics was postulated; it was carried out in closed hospital wards or in out-patient clinics. The former was more effective; however it was less frequently applied as compared with the out-patient treatment since there were no provisions which would  legalize compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts and it was easier to obtain the patient's consent to treatment in a clinic than in a hospital. Compulsory treatment was only possible if the court applied medical security measures in cases of offences connected with abuse of alcohol or drugs. (Art. 82 of the Penal code of 1932). The mental hygiene, movement, initiated in Poland in the early thirties, resulted in a growth in the number of clinics engaged in prevention and treatment, that is in a development of treatment of alcoholics in specialized anti-alcoholic clinics. The necessity of taking the children of alcoholics under educational and medical indicated. An important part is this field fell to social nurses attached to the clinics whose task was among other things to bring the alcoholics children to the clinic and see to their medical treatment if necessary. The organization of special schools for mentally deficient and morally neglected children, whose parents were frequently alcoholics, was also initiated.             Psychiatrists demanded an elaboration and introduction of an act on compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts, organization of special wards for notorious alcoholics in mental hospitals, prolongation of treatment from 6 to 12 months (which was considered particularly necessary in the case of chronic alcoholism), a joint alcoholism and psychiatric treatment if required, in the case of alcohol psychosis in particular, and check-up of the cured alcoholics and drug addicts.             In Poland drug addiction has never reached the proportions of alcoholism. Its most frequent forms were morphinism and cocainism. Its fighting was facilitated by the passing of an Act of June 23, 1923 which prohibited production, processing, export. import. storage of and any trade in all drugs. For infringement of the Act, penalties of fine and up to 5 years deprivation of liberty were provided. However, there was no act to legalize compulsory treatment of drug addicts. They could only be treated in closed hospital wards since in the case of drug addiction, out-patient treatment was considered to be ineffective. In 1931, the Polish Committee for Drugs and Prevention of Drug Addiction was set up as, an advisory body attached to the Minister of Health and Social Welfare, which consisted mainly of physicians and chemists. In order to fight drug addiction effectively, increased detection of export and sale of drugs was postulated as well as supervision of prescriptions and of obtaining drugs on prescription at chemist's. Chemists were compelled to keep a special book of in- and out-goings of drugs which could only be sold on prescription for therapeutical purposes. Attenton was drawn to the necessity of an instruction, to be passed by the Minister of Internal Affairs, according to which the production of doctors seals and forms would only be possible on presentation of the identity card, since drug addicts used to order seals and forms bearing names of famous practitioners. Medical check-up of released prisoners who had been cured of drug addiction when serving their sentences was also postulated.             In consequence of the spread of ether drinking in the Upper Silesia in 1936, a wide-range operation was carried out which consisted in a vigorous fight against smuggling and sale of ether (which was mainly smuggled from Germany) and in informing the population as to the harmful effects of ether drinking.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1987, XIV; 201-225
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagrożenia ekologiczne polskiego rolnictwa i sposoby przeciwdziałania
Autorzy:
Nowosielski, O.
Beresniewicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/806065.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
ekologia
rolnictwo
zagrozenia ekologiczne
przeciwdzialanie
degradacja srodowiska
erozja gleb
Źródło:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1989, 380
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Absolwent na lokalnym rynku pracy - szanse i zagrożenia
A graduate on the local labour market – chances and threats
Autorzy:
Borowicz, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/415694.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Małopolska Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Tarnowie
Tematy:
lokalny rynek pracy
bezrobocie ludzi młodych
skutki bezrobocia
psychologia pracy
przeciwdziałanie bezrobociu
aktywizacja bezrobotnych
materiały konferencyjne
local labour market
youth unemployment
industrial psychology
combat unemployment
unemployed activation
conference materials
Opis:
Autorka omówiła psychologiczne konsekwencje pozostawania bez pracy oraz zanalizowała bezrobocie wśród młodzieży w latach 1993-1997 w województwie tarnowskim. Przedstawiła inicjatywy przeciwdziałania bezrobociu prowadzone przez Rejonowy Urząd Pracy w Tarnowie wspólnie z Tarnowskim Ośrodkiem Pomocy Psychologicznej.
Paper made by an employment adviser of the Regional Employment Office in Tarnów, a psychologist by profession, shows common attitudes of unemployed graduates. Despair, hopelessness and idleness are main barriers to take up a job. These are psychological consequences of being unemployed, because a job constitutes certain value in itself for everybody. The authoress emphasizes the need of being active and getting to know yourself, your strengths and rules of effective job-hunting, which guarantee achieving professional success by everyone, and especially by a graduate. For young people, their own activity, ability to use professional information and various forms of help offered by the local Employment Office, become a great chance for them on a local labour market. Passiveness, torpidity and lying the responsibility for being unemployed with institutions or with situation of socio-economic transfer occurring in the country become their threat. Thus, only self-involvement in job-hunting becomes a "key" to professional success. This paper also includes statistical data on a condition and structure of unemployment recorded in a REO in Tarnów. Detailed analysis of an unemployment phenomena occurring among young people shows an importance of the problem and necessity to take up appropriate actions.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie; 1999, 1; 45-57
1506-2635
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekonomiczno-organizacyjne sposoby niwelowania napięć na rynku pracy na przykładzie rynku pracy w rejonie tarnowskim
Economic and organisational ways of alleviation tensions appearing on a labour market – the case of Tarnów
Autorzy:
Kozioł, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/415399.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Małopolska Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Tarnowie
Tematy:
labour market
local labour market
labour market activation
unemployed activation
unemployment
unemployment reduction
combat unemployment
professional skills
conference materials
rynek pracy
lokalny rynek pracy
aktywizacja rynku pracy
aktywizacja bezrobotnych
bezrobocie
zwalczanie bezrobocia
przeciwdziałanie bezrobociu
kwalifikacje zawodowe
materiały konferencyjne
Opis:
Reaching for already numerous and outstanding volumes of professional literature - this paper shows directions and ways of stimulating endeavour of those who are unemployed. An importance and value of small companies in relieving tensions on the labour market has also been discussed here. Means and devices used to encounter unemployment on that market have been characterised and evaluated in this paper, while paying particular attention to so called active forms, which include the development of endeavour by creating small companies.
Artykuł zawiera omówienie wybranych sposób zmniejszania bezrobocia oraz innych napięć na rynku pracy. Szczególną uwagę zwraca autor na te z nich, których praktyczna realizacja mogłaby przyczynić się do poprawy sytuacji na tarnowskim rynku pracy. Prezentuje aktywne formy przeciwdziałania bezrobociu, wskazuje na znaczenie wykształcenia i doskonalenie kwalifikacji w zdobywaniu pracy, przedsiębiorczość zatrudnionych i bezrobotnych, sposoby popierania przedsiębiorczości przez władze lokalne czy upowszechnianie tzw. nietypowych form zatrudnienia.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie; 1999, 1; 33-44
1506-2635
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przemiany lokalnych rynków pracy na przykładzie województwa tarnowskiego
Transformation of local labour markets ─ the case of Tarnów
Autorzy:
Siekierski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/414813.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Małopolska Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Tarnowie
Tematy:
systemic transformation
labour market
local labour market
labour market analysis
employment policy
activity rate of population
unemployment
combat unemployment
conference materials
przekształcenia ustrojowo-systemowe
rynek pracy
lokalny rynek pracy
analiza rynku pracy
polityka zatrudnienia
aktywność zawodowa ludności
bezrobocie
przeciwdziałanie bezrobociu
materiały konferencyjne
Opis:
This paper provides analysis of local labour market of Tarnów during the period of economic transformation in 1990-1996. Domestic market has been taken as a point of reference and comparisons. This survey analyses the degrees of economic stimulation of the population; it shows changes applied to a group of people employed on the basis of a contract of employment in the branches of national economy. Besides, it shows the movement of full-time employees (hiring and firing), and the level of registered unemployment. While assessing the latter phenomenon, change tendencies (Beveridge's curve), and dividing of unemployed according to their job seniority, the duration of being unemployed, age and education have been taken into consideration. Surveys, which have been carried out, point to two evident stages of situation being formed on a labour market: in 1990-1993 - negative tendency (employment decrease and unemployment increase) and in 1994-1996 - positive tendency (employment increase and unemployment decrease). In the final part of the paper, some issues of active employment policy have been discussed, the same as prevention and combating of unemployment.
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane kwestie przemian lokalnych rynków pracy w okresie transformacji gospodarki w latach 1990-1996 na przykładzie województwa (regionu) tarnowskiego na tle rynku pracy w Polsce. W analizie rynku pracy uwzględniono m.in.: stan aktywności ekonomicznej ludności, zasoby pracy, poziom zatrudnienia i bezrobocia, skutki bezrobocia, przeciwdziałanie i sposoby jego zwalczania, racjonalizację zatrudnienia i stwarzanie warunków do powstania nowych miejsc pracy.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie; 1999, 1; 13-32
1506-2635
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 172

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies