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    Tytuł:
    Rozmiar pozyskania użytków drzewnych w kraju a społeczne funkcje lasu
    Autorzy:
    Miś, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    funkcje lasu
    uzytkowanie lasu
    lesnictwo
    funkcje spoleczne
    pozyskiwanie drewna
    forest utilization
    volumetric yield
    production and protection forests
    forest reserves
    Opis:
    The study presents analysis results of the level of timber volumetric yield for the entire country taking also into account the social functions of forests. The research material comprised statistical data published annually by the Main Statistical Office. The performed investigations revealed, among others, that the process of leveling out of the production forest area and the area of forests with non−production functions is taking place alongside a very conspicuous trend of the increasing rate of timber harvesting observed in years 1991−2002.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 08; 31-38
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura lasów przerębowych w wybranych regionach orograficznych Słowacji
    The structure of selection stands in selected orographic regions of Slovakia
    Autorzy:
    Saniga, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016923.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Beskidy Orawskie
    lesnictwo
    Tatry Niskie
    Beskidy Kysudzkie
    struktura drzewostanu
    drzewostany przerebowe
    zasobnosc drzewostanu
    Slowacja
    budowa drzewostanu
    selection−managed stand
    optimum standing volume
    de liocourt's dbh− distribution
    target dbh
    forests
    managed for timber production
    protection forests
    natural regeneration
    Opis:
    The structure and productive potential of selection−managed stands in Slovakia are very differentiated. They depend first of all on species composition and soil conditions. On the basis of recent research, including the present study, three groups of selection stands have been distinguished on the basis of their productive potential. Spruce stands managed under selection system with an optimum standing volume of 300−350 m3/hectare and target breast height diameter of 60 cm occur on poor soils (rankers) performing mainly protective functions. The spruce and spruce−fir stands managed under selection system with an optimum standing volume of over 450 m3/hectares and target dbh of 60−70 cm are typical for most of the selection stands in Slovakia. The multi−species selection stands with dominant fir, and fir stands with an optimum volume of 450 m3/hectares and target dbh of 74 cm are characteristic for the orographic Volovské vrchy region.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 10; 54-66
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Straż Leśna w systemie bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego
    Forest Guard in internal security system
    Autorzy:
    Kobus, Ireneusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/557220.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    protection of forests
    crime
    security
    coercive measures
    ochrona lasów
    przestępstwo
    bezpieczeństwo
    środki przymusu
    Opis:
    One of the institutions competent in the matters of internal security is Forest Guard which is engaged in the fight against crime and delinquency concerning the disturbances of the forest and nature conservation and which also performs other tasks for the protection of property. In carrying out these tasks, it uses a number of rights, including the right of direct coercion, yet the rules governing these issues are not sufficiently detailed and exhaustive in this respect. Therefore, this article attempts to specify the statutory duties of Forest Guard and assign specific powers of this formation to them.
    Wśród instytucji właściwych w sprawach bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego funkcjonuje m.in. Straż Leśna, która zajmuje się zwalczaniem przestępstw i wykroczeń w zakresie szkodnictwa leśnego i ochrony przyrody oraz wykonuje inne zadania w zakresie ochrony mienia. Realizując te zadania korzysta ona z szeregu uprawnień, w tym prawa stosowania przymusu bezpośredniego, przy czym przepisy regulujące tę problematykę nie są w tym zakresie zbyt szczegółowe i wyczerpujące. Dlatego niniejszy artykuł podejmuje próbę uszczegółowienia ustawowo określonych zadań Straży Leśnej i przyporządkowania im poszczególnych uprawnień tej formacji.
    Źródło:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2014, 2; 51-61
    1899-6264
    2451-0718
    Pojawia się w:
    Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Puszcza Białowieska - obiekt światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO - priorytety ochronne
    The Bialowieza Forest – a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site – protection priorities
    Autorzy:
    Kujawa, A.
    Orczewska, A.
    Falkowski, M.
    Blicharska, M.
    Bohdan, A.
    Buholz, L.
    Chylarecki, P.
    Gutowski, J.M.
    Latałowa, M.
    Mysłajek, R.W.
    Nowak, S.
    Walankiewicz, W.
    Zalewska, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294308.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    Swiatowe Dziedzictwo Kulturowe i Przyrodnicze UNESCO
    wartosc przyrodnicza
    las naturalny
    ochrona przyrody
    roznorodnosc gatunkowa
    siedliska przyrodnicze
    specjalne obszary ochrony siedlisk
    natural forests
    nature protection
    biodiversity
    natural ecological processes
    forest management
    Opis:
    Despite the fact that only parts of the Białowieża Forest are protected as a national park and nature reserves, the forest is nevertheless as a whole considered a U NESCO Natural Heritage Site, Biosphere Reserve and an integrated Natura 2000 site. In the presently ongoing debate on the conservation priorities regarding the natural value of this forest and the current bark beetle outbreak, two distinct approaches can be recognized: (1) management assumed to involve considerable interference with the forest ecosystems; (2) maintenance of ecological processes and spontaneous restoration of the forest communities. The Białowieża Forest – especially its strictly protected parts – is a “bastion” where species characteristic of ancient forests (including so-called primeval forest relicts) have survived until today. This has been achieved by maintaining the forest’s complexity in areas with considerably reduced human influence, but most of all by maintaining a full spectrum of forest communities, naturally developing forests diverse in age, species composition and spatial structure including stand dieback and breakdown. The following factors need to be taken into account in the protection of the Natural Heritage Site: (1) the internationally recognized value of the Białowieża Forest including its biodiversity, the level of preservation of forest communities and the ongoing natural processes; (2) existing documents and policies concerning nature conservation; (3) research findings from the Białowieża Forest and other natural forest complexes. The key priority is to limit any activities in this forest to an indispensable minimum, mostly concerning security close to roads and tourist tracks as well as collection of fire wood by locals. Without this strict protection, successive and slow anthropogenic transformation will result in the Białowieża Forest sharing the same fate as other forest complexes of the temperate climate zone in Europe or America and lose its globally appreciated value.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 4
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of the forest fund in the protection of natural resources in Poland
    Wykorzystanie funduszu leśnego w ochronie zasobów naturalnych w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Dyduch, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96004.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
    Tematy:
    fundusze ekologiczne
    ochrona zasobów leśnych
    Lasy Państwowe
    environmental funds
    protection of forest resources
    State Forests
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to demonstrate the functioning of the Forest Fund and to evaluate its use in terms of the financial support for the protection of natural resources.
    W artykule przedstawiono zasady gromadzenia i wydatkowania środków Funduszu Leśnego oraz przeanalizowano wielkość i strukturę jego dochodów i wydatków. Ze względu na sposób prezentacji danych dotyczących kierunków wydatków Funduszu Leśnego przez PGL LP i GUS trudności sprawia dokładne oszacowanie, w jakim stopniu środki Funduszu są przeznaczane na działania służące ochronie zasobów leśnych. Można jednak przyjąć, uwzględniając specyfikę i zasady prowadzenia gospodarki leśnej w PGL LP, że większość środków Funduszu Leśnego wspiera ochronę tych zasobów.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2016, 4; 76-86
    0867-8898
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effectiveness of forest fire security systems in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Grajewski, S. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101173.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    forest fire
    forest fire risk
    forest fire protection
    forest fire security
    State Forests National Forest Holding
    Opis:
    It has been estimated that over 80% of forest areas in Poland is threatened with fire. Due to the number of fires and burned area, Poland is counted to the group of European countries where fires break out the most frequently. On average, each year and mostly because of human activity, almost 8.5 thousand fires break out resulting in over 7 thousand ha of burned forest area. Many scientists forecast that the climate warming, decline in precipitation amount and prolonging rainless periods will enhance fire risk in forests, which will translate itself not only into an increase in the number of fires, but also will favour their intensive spreading. The aim of presented paper is estimating the operational efficiency of the fire protection system in Polish forests and the effectiveness of fire extinguishing actions in forests, but also recognition of the effect of the forest area management type on fire statistics. Following data series were investigated: of the number of fires, the burned forest area and average fire area for the years 1990-2016 for the forests under the management of the State Forests National Forest Holding (State Forests NFH) and other managements. Determined trends were analysed by means of Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. A mean area of forest fire was assumed as the main measure of forest fire protection system effectiveness. The area was compared with the other European countries, Canada and the USA. Despite a lack of a tendency for decreasing number of fires in Poland, which is noted in Europe, taking into account a low value and a statistically significant downward trend for average fire area, forest protection and the effectiveness of extinguishing actions in Polish forests should be regarded as very good. The exception are forests remaining beyond the management of the State Forests NFH, where the upward trend for the number of forest fires is alarming.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/2; 1563-1576
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wylesienia i rekultywacje gruntów w kierunku leśnym planowane w Polsce do roku 2030
    Deforestation and land reclamation into forests planned in Poland up to 2030
    Autorzy:
    Referowska-Chodak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989009.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    ksztaltowanie przestrzeni
    wylesienia
    gminy
    plany wylesien
    rekultywacja gruntow
    rekultywacja lesna
    powiaty
    plany rekultywacji
    ochrona krajobrazu
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    deforestation
    forest reclamation
    afforestation
    landscape protection
    state forests
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to present – in the perspective of up to 2030 – plans about deforestation in the area administered by the State Forests, formulated at the level of communes and judged on the level of provinces (voivodeships), as well as plans for land reclamation into forests, formulated at the level of counties. The data was collected in 2013−2014 in a survey, which included the following groups of respondents: mayors of all rural and urban−rural communes, heads of all rural counties and marshals of provinces. According to information provided by 34.4% of communes, it is planned to cease the production on at least 517.1 hectares of forests, located in 64 forest districts. In relation to requests for deforestation, marshals of provinces presented various approach to their assessment, but always within the limits of applicable law. On the other hand, according to the data provided by 57.3% of counties, land reclamation into forests is planned to reach at least 498 hectares in 57 forest districts. Deforestation and forest reclamation affect both the landscape and the level of forest cover of the country. The results show a greater concern of commune heads about deforestation than it is in the case of heads of counties about land reclamation into forests. The balance in these activities proportion would be at least a positive natural, economic and social achievement. The processes of deforestation, afforestation, forest management and land restoration into forests – directly affecting the quality of the landscape – are important for assessing the implementation of the European Landscape Convention in Poland. Taking into account the current level of afforestation in Poland, it is unlikely to achieve the forest cover of 33% by 2050. Therefore, it is important to control the size of deforestation and to increase the scope and pace of land reclamation into forests.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 163-169
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zasady gospodarki leśnej w kontekście troski o dobro wspólne i zdrowie publiczne w Polsce
    Principles of forest management in the context of concern for the common welfare and public health in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Zamelski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986617.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gospodarka lesna
    lasy
    dobro wspolne
    zdrowie publiczne
    legal values
    environment protection
    benefits from forests
    social development
    Opis:
    This study analyses the interdisciplinary issue of the objective of legal provisions regarding the four principles of forest management listed in the Act on Forests and their significance for the common welfare and public health in Poland. The common welfare consists of the general determinants necessary for the integral development of people and society, and these determinants include public health, which consists of organised activity focused on the health of the entire society. The scope of the study included selected aspects of the statutory principles of forest management in the Republic of Poland, which constitute one of the legal mechanisms for forest protection. The research examined legal acts and available literature. In the adopted study hypothesis, it was recognised that the principles of forest management applicable in the Republic of Poland in the intention of the legislator are to primarily serve the common welfare and public health, which does not exclude the existence of parallel goals. The principles of forest management consistently introduce the priority of nature conservation over other economic and social functions of forest areas. These principles aim not only to preserve existing forests, but also to increase their area or productivity. This is due to the recognition of forests as an irreplaceable and non− alternative social good, which determines the development of the state and society, introduces balance and self−regulation in the natural environment, and provides income from wood and other forest resources. The existence of healthy forests contributes to the improvement of society’s general health condition on many levels, including thanks to the improvement of air quality, the recreational values of forests, and the availability of forest flora and fauna. Thus, the obligations of forest owners arising from the statutory principles of forest management serve to achieve various social benefits, which constitute the common welfare, in particular, care for public health.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 08; 658-663
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kwalifikacja prawna kradzieży drewna i drzewa z lasu jako jednej z form szkodnictwa leśnego
    Classification of timber and wood theft as one of the forms of forest damage
    Autorzy:
    Ziółkowska, A.
    Trawińska, J.
    Baran, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    szkodnictwo lesne
    kradzieze drewna
    odpowiedzialnosc karna
    przepisy prawne
    crime
    offenses
    forest
    protection of forest property
    state forests
    Opis:
    Due to the need to ensure protection of the forest environment against so−called forestry damage, the Polish legislator introduced a number of legal solutions (both in the field of criminal law and the law of misdemeanors), aimed at eliminating human behaviors that harm the forest as a priceless good. Despite the multiplicity of legal regulations, in practice there are situations of improper use (i.e. incorrect legal classification of an act), which in turn translates into the level of forest legal protection as property of special value. The paper analyses criminal law (sensu largo) in terms of penalizing behaviors that are a manifestation of forest damage, but also indicates their correct application in the situation of for example felling and then theft of wood or theft of wood itself. It should be pointed out that the current provisions on the protection of forest property, contained in the Penal Code (PC) of 1997, as well as the Code of Misdemeanors (CM) of 1971, differ significantly (while for the legal qualification: felling and then the theft of trees on the basis of PC should reach for the disposition of the provision of Article 290 of the PC in conjunction with Article 278 PC, then under the CM, only the provision of Article 120 of the PC). The non−uniformity of penal provisions and provisions regulating liability in the event of an offense aimed at ensuring the protection of forest property against forest damage creates a necessity to clarify them, but also to indicate an appropriate model for the classification of acts subject to their instruction.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 09; 784-792
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena efektywności ekonomicznej gospodarki leśnej w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym Puszcza Białowieska. Część 1. Analiza działalności i wynik finansowy
    Evaluation of the economic efficiency of forest management in the 'Puszcza Bialowieska' Forest Promotional Complex. Part 1. Analysis of the activity and financial result
    Autorzy:
    Konieczny, A.A.
    Sikora, A.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980249.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    Lesny Kompleks Promocyjny Puszcza Bialowieska
    nadlesnictwa
    Nadlesnictwo Bialowieza
    Nadlesnictwo Browsk
    Nadlesnictwo Hajnowka
    gospodarka lesna
    efektywnosc ekonomiczna
    przychody
    koszty
    wyniki finansowe
    revenues and costs of activity
    financial result
    nature protection in forests
    Opis:
    The aim of this study is to assess the economic efficiency of forest management based on the revenues and costs of selected activities and the financial result of the forest districts within the ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ Forest Promotional Complex (FPC), i.e. Białowieża, Browsk and Hajnówka forest districts. The assessment of the economic efficiency of the forest management in ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ FPC forest districts was analyzed in relation to the average values for comparative units (28 other forest districts) included in the Regional Directorate of State Forests (RDSF) in Białystok. In this study the profit and loss account and the basic reporting document on financial and economic activity (LPIR1) for the years 2011−2017 were used. Data were collected from the State Forests Information System. A detailed analysis of revenues and costs (from the sale of products, goods and materials), including administrative, basic, side, additional and social−living activities, as well as general administrative costs was made. The financial result of the FPC forest districts was also analyzed and then modified by increasing the net result by the value of the write−off for the forest fund and the maintenance costs of the superior units and reduced by the additional payment from the forestry fund. The amount of financial results of ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ FPC forest districts is mainly determined by revenues from the sale of woody raw material. Other types of activities do not have a significant impact on improving the financial result of these entities. The actual financial situation of ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ FPC forest districts reflects the modified net financial result, including for funds from the forest fund. Implementation of tasks in the field of nature protection and restrictions resulting from the acquisition of timber in ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ FPC forest districts significantly worsen their financial result. Implementation of additional tasks in the field of nature conservation causes a deterioration in the economic effi− ciency of forest management, which suggests extending the analyzes of other forest districts of the State Forests.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 531-541
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena efektywności ekonomicznej gospodarki leśnej w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym Puszcza Białowieska. Część 2. Analiza wskaźników gospodarczych i finansowych
    Evaluation of the economic efficiency of forest management in the 'Puszcza Bialowieska' Forest Promotional Complex. Part 2. Analysis of economic and financial indicators
    Autorzy:
    Konieczny, A.A.
    Sikora, A.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985717.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    Lesny Kompleks Promocyjny Puszcza Bialowieska
    nadlesnictwa
    Nadlesnictwo Bialowieza
    Nadlesnictwo Browsk
    Nadlesnictwo Hajnowka
    gospodarka lesna
    efektywnosc ekonomiczna
    plynnosc finansowa
    rentownosc
    aktywnosc gospodarcza
    zadluzenia
    financial liquidity
    profitability
    management efficiency
    nature protection in forests
    Opis:
    The aim of this study is to assess the economic efficiency of the forest management with particular emphasis on economic and financial indicators of the forest districts (namely Białowieża, Browsk and Hajnówka) constituting the ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ Forest Promotional Complex (FPC). The work involved analysis of indicators reflecting the financial condition of the forest districts with reference to average values for comparison units i.e. 28 other entities from the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Bialystok. The analysis consisted in the determination of typical values from comparative units in individual years (mean ±standard deviation). The balance sheet, profit and loss account and basic reporting document on financial and economic activities (LPIR1) for the years 2011−2017. Data were collected from the State Forests Information System. Financial liquidity, profitability and management efficiency were analyzed in detail. The net financial result of the forest districts was used for the analyzes, after an additional adjustment, consisting in increasing the net result by the value of the write−off for the forest fund and maintenance costs of the superior units and reduced by the additional payment from the forest fund. The analyzes were based on data collected from the State Forests Information System. On the basis of the research, it was found that the rules of financial management in the State Forests do not pose a risk of deterioration or loss of financial liquidity of the FPC forest districts. However, the inability to obtain the additional payment from a forest fund by individual of FPC forest districts would result in the loss of their ability to function independently. The management efficiency clearly affects the actual financial situation of the FPC forest districts. The deteriorating profitability of the FPC forest districts is caused by negative (loss) net financial results reflects the modified net financial result, including for funds from the forest fund. Restrictions on harvesting, resulting from the implementation of tasks in the field of nature conservation, worsen the economic efficiency of the FPC forest districts.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 08; 619-628
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sprawa Puszczy Białowieskiej przed Trybunałem Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej – uwagi z (odpowiedniej) perspektywy czasu
    Autorzy:
    Perkowski, Maciej
    Zoń, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47426551.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-10-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    Białowieża Forest
    CJEU
    Natura 2000
    dispute
    protection model
    article 258 TFEU
    State Forests
    invaluable natural goods
    Puszcza Białowieska
    TSUE
    spór
    model ochrony
    artykuł 258 TFUE
    Lasy Państwowe
    bezcenne dobra naturalne
    Opis:
    The judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 17 April 2018 in Case C-441/17 (failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations), brought by the European Commission against Poland, concerning “logging” in the Białowieża Forest, was widely reported in the media and on the scientific forum (naturally, also in the doctrine of international and European law). Analysing this decision and referring to the jurisprudence and achievements of the doctrine, commentators cautiously (but, in essence, not always correctly) indicated what decisions and actions constituted the basis of this dispute, which ultimately led to Poland’s defeat before the Court, considering the judgment an end to the case and, at the same time, the canon for the subject knowledge. It should be emphasised, however, that the judgment itself did not resolve the dispute as to which model of protection of the Białowieża Forest is appropriate. In particular, it has not contributed to determining whether the previous activities of the State Forests (although it proved them formally inconsistent with EU law) were beneficial (or harmful) to the protection of the Białowieża Forest stand. By emphasising the imperfection of the situation, the authors try to constructively draw from it conclusions de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
    Źródło:
    Studia Iuridica; 2021, 87; 412-428
    0137-4346
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Lasy ochronne wokół miast w zarządzie Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Białymstoku
    Protection forests around towns under the management of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Bialystok
    Autorzy:
    Kwiatkowski, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/31342641.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    forest management
    protection forests
    urban forests
    Opis:
    Forests in Poland cover about 30% of the country’s area; most of them are public forests managed by the State Forest National Forest Holding. Some of them have protection status in order to perform specific functions related to their location. One of the essential categories of protection forests is located within the administrative borders of towns and near areas with more than 50,000 inhabitants. Such areas are significant from the social point of view, and their primary function is to create proper space for the inhabitants’ leisure and biodiversity protection. However, management in forests around towns is increasingly controversial, which in the area of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Bialystok is manifested by more and more frequent conflict situations. In order to meet social expectations while effectively ensuring the continuity of the forests for future generations, a change in the way of forest management in and near cities is necessary. The key element is probably to develop a dialogue model with the local community to manage socially important forests efficiently and mitigate emerging social controversies.
    Źródło:
    Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa; 145-156
    9788367185462
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the Need to Amend the 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Part I
    Autorzy:
    Łabno, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/44755621.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-06-15
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    Constitution of the Republic of Poland
    Amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland
    Constitutional surveys
    constitutional protection of state forests
    constitutional protection of natural resources
    Opis:
    The issue of constitutional protection of natural resources does not arouse the interest of lawyers, including constitutionalists, in Poland. In none of the drafts of the new Constitution of the Republic of Poland presented after 1989 was this issue regulated. After the new Constitution of the Republic of Poland came into force in 1997, no draft amendment to this act dealing with natural resources was submitted either. The constitutional surveys conducted in 2011 and 2017 did not explicitly call for a complete or even very extensive amendment of the Constitution. Most often, they indicated the need for punctual amendments or concerning certain areas of constitutional regulation. In light of the experience with forest management, it would be advisable to extend constitutional protection to all strategic natural resources.
    Źródło:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2023, 15, 2; 67-78
    2080-1084
    2450-7938
    Pojawia się w:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prawny system gospodarki odpadami w lasach państwowych w Polsce
    Legal System of Waste Management in State Forests in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Barczak, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29551717.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    environmental protection
    forests
    municipal waste management
    criminal liability
    Opis:
    Celem niniejszego opracowania jest charakterystyka gospodarki odpadami na przykładzie odpadów komunalnych powstających w lasach państwowych. Z celem pracy jest ściśle związany problem badawczy, ujęty w następujący sposób: Czy system prawny gospodarki odpadami w lasach ma charakter odrębny? Jak kształtuje się odpowiedzialność karna za odpady komunalne porzucone w lasach? Czy uznane przez ustawodawcę wartości niezaśmiecania lasów podzielane są w życiu społecznym i kulturze? Osiągnięcie celu badawczego oraz rozwiązanie problemu naukowego posłużyło do postawienia hipotezy badawczej, że dokonywane próby uszczelniania systemu odbioru odpadów komunalnych nie są wystarczające do tego, aby zlikwidować „dzikie wysypiska” w lasach. Do osiągnięcia wyżej wymienionych efektów naukowych zastosowano trzy metody badania prawa, tj. metodę dogmatyczno-prawną, metody aksjologicznego i socjologicznego badania prawa.
    The aim of this study is to characterize waste management as seen in examples of municipal waste that is generated in national forests. This objective is closely accompanied by the research problem worded as follows: Does the legal system of waste management have a separate character?  What is criminal liability for dropping municipal waste in forests like? Are the values of prohibition of littering in forests, recognized by the legislator, shared in community life and in culture? The achievement of the research goal and the solving of the scientific problem served to formulate a research hypothesis that attempts to seal the municipal waste collection system do not suffice to eliminate “illegal dump sites” in forests. Three methods of investigating law are employed to achieve these scholarly effects, that is the method of analysis of the law in force and the methods of axiological and sociological investigation of law.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2022, 32, 4; 7-25
    1507-7896
    2544-5227
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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