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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Lasy ochronne w Polsce – zarys historii na tle Europy
    Protective forests in Poland – an outline of history in comparison to Europe
    Autorzy:
    Nowakowska, J.
    Orzechowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986670.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy ochronne
    gospodarka lesna
    historia
    Polska
    protecting forests
    protected forests
    forest law
    Opis:
    Current forest protection related to the economic use of natural resources is compatible with the modern understanding of nature conservation as a whole – protection of ecosystems, biodiversity, natural and anthropogenic processes occurring in nature. It is also consistent with the principles of sustainable development. Forest protection is governed by a number of legal acts. Historical reasons underlay this diversity. The historical background of the emergence of protective forests intertwines with the history of forestry, strongly dependent on the economy of the region. In the Western Europe, forest management was strongly correlated with the development of mining, which needed significant quantities of wood to strengthen underground constructions and the development of a metallurgical industry based on wood as an energy material. Forestry was to ensure uniformity in the supply of wood, which was beginning to be scarce in more densely populated industrial areas. In Poland and other countries with a subsequent development of an economy based on mining industry, forestry was based on the rational use of renewable forest resources, but slightly different reasons for the development of conscious forest management. It can be assumed that the forestry of our cultural and economic zone developed in the estates as a way to obtain additional income. This simplified comparison shows the difference of causes and the similarity of the effect – the development of forest management and with it the development of the idea of protecting forests that perform protective functions. The aim of this study is to show the historical background of the existence of protective forests – a special form of protection of natural resources, resulting today with the Act on Forests and occupying over half of the area of the State Forests in Poland. The paper is a review of the historical sources. We describe the evolution of the reasons for which the forests are protected. It was emphasized that this was taking place in parallel or earlier than the decisions resulting from conservative nature conservation. The article is an attempt to prove that protective forests originate from the fear of insufficient forest resources, lack of certain specific forest types at an early stage of settlement.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 07; 598-609
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Charakterystyka miejsc gniazdowania jerzyka Apus apus w lasach Roztocza i Równiny Biłgorajskiej
    Characteristics of nesting sites of the common swift Apus apus in the Roztocze and Biłgoraj Plains
    Autorzy:
    Stachyra, Przemysław
    Mysłajek, Robert W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16728971.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    relict bird populations
    protected areas
    old-growth forests
    reliktowa populacje ptaków
    obszary chronione
    lasy naturalne
    Opis:
    During field studies conducted in 2019-2021, the common swift Apus apus was recorded in 78 sites located in the Roztocze and Biłgoraj Plains in south-eastern Poland. In total, 39.3% of the recorded sites were situated in national parks or nature reserves. The number of nesting pairs averaged 1.7 ±0.9 SD (range 1-5) at each study site, and did not differ between protected and managed forests. Swifts occurred in both coniferous and deciduous forests with the majority in old-growth stands (mean 147 years ±28 SD, range 80- 99). Interestingly, the mean stand age favored by the species was significantly higher in the Roztocze National Park (mean 161.9 years ±20.1 SD, range 120-90) than in managed forests (mean 139.4 years ±28.6 SD, range 80-199). All cavities in which swifts nested (n=28) were located in Scots pines Pinus sylvestris L. with a mean diameter at breast height of 57.5 cm ±9.0 SD (range 40-75 cm), and a mean height of 27.7 m ±3.0 SD (range 23-32 m). Cavities were located between 5 m and 27 m above ground (mean 16.5 m ±5.7 SD). In total, 75% of the cavities inhabited by swifts were excavated by great spotted woodpeckers Dendrocopos major, while the remaining cavities were created through bloating at the site where branches had broken o.f These results indicate that in order to protect the relict forest populations of the common swift, it is necessary to preserve patches of old-growth stands.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2021, 82, 4; 167-172
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Różnorodność mikroorganizmów glebowych obszarów chronionych i o znaczących walorach przyrodniczych
    Diversity of soil microorganisms on areas under protection or with significant natural values
    Autorzy:
    Abramczyk, K.
    Gałązka, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989210.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    mikrobiologia gleb
    obszary chronione
    obszary o walorach przyrodniczych
    gleby
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    roznorodnosc biologiczna
    biodiversity
    soil microorgamisms
    protected areas
    forests
    environment
    Opis:
    The article presents problems connected with the biodiversity of soil microorganisms occurring on selected protected areas. Based on the literature, authors attempt to explain the concept of biodiversity, the role of soil in the natural environment and the importance of soil microorganisms. The article also presents selected anthropogenic factors that influence microorganisms found in soils under different forms of protection. The large species diversity of soil microorganisms is closely related to their functions in the soil. Soil microorganisms participate in all processes occurring in the soil. They influence humus formation, increase soil fertility, provide plants with nutrients by decomposing organic matter and fight pathogens. The special attention focused on the broad concept of biological diversity as a form of preservation possibly the greatest richness of life on Earth. Ecological conditions prevailing in the different ecosystems affect the modification of the environment and force adaptation of organisms (including microorganisms) into the habitat. To preserve the diversity of the microorganisms, it is important to protect their habitat – the soil. Intolerance to certain environmental conditions and competition between microorganisms causes abnormal functioning of ecosystems and significant depletion of biodiversity. However, the main cause of the microorganisms biodiversity loss is the human pressure on the natural environment. Human activity causes the extinction of many species of plants and animals and has a negative impact on the soil environment. This in turn affects the functioning, abundance and biodiversity of soil microorganisms. In areas with significant natural values such as forests and protected areas (national parks) biodiversity of microorganisms is maintained at a much higher level than in the case of productive soils. The environmental protection leads to the equilibrium in the natural systems and its biotic and abiotic components, including biodiversity. Therefore, the need to create places of special protection such as national parks, nature reserves, landscape parks, etc. is very much justified.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 06; 496-503
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Społeczne potrzeby i preferencje w zakresie wypoczynku na terenach chronionych na przykładzie rezerwatu przyrody "Nad Tanwią"
    Social needs and preferences in the field of leisure in protected areas – 'Nad Tanwia' nature reserve case study
    Autorzy:
    Mandziuk, A.
    Kikulski, J.
    Parzych, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985758.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    obszary chronione
    rezerwaty przyrody
    rezerwat Nad Tanwia
    wypoczynek
    potrzeby spoleczne
    preferencje spoleczne
    forms of leisure
    social needs
    protected areas
    forests
    Opis:
    Forests covered by various forms of nature protection are a popular resting place for the society. The choice of a certain place for the leisure depends not the attractiveness of the area, but also on its availability, the condition of the infrastructure, and on the preferences of tourists. The aim of the research was to determine the significance of the ‘Nad Tanwią’ nature reserve (‘NT’ NR) for tourism and recreational purposes. The following aspects were considered: the motives of arrival, forms of spending free time, frequency of visits and length of stay. The ‘NT’ NR is a landscape reserve with an area of 41.33 ha located in the Józefów Forest District (SE Poland). The research material consisted of the data from questionnaires collected in the survey conducted from May to September 2017 in the ‘NT’ NR. The research covered a group of 341 respondents. For statistical analysis we used Friedman ANOVA (with Davenport’s modification), chi−square function in the logarithmic form (so−called G function), Mann−Whitney and Kruskal−Wallis tests. The visitors most often came to the ‘NT’ NR mainly due to the need to rest (61% of respondents), interesting landscape (57%) and the proximity of the reserve from their place of residence (39%). Most tourists spent time on walks (50% of the time), trips (21%) and cycling (17%). The respondents visited the examined area on average over 11 times, and the average length of their stay was 3 days. Statistically significant differences in the needs and preferences depending on the social characteristics of the respondents were obtained. Inhabitants of the cities declare a greater need for tourism and recreation comparing to the rural residents. The ‘Nad Tanwią’ nature reserve is frequented by local population, therefore their needs in this area should be met. Hence the need for further research is to learn about their preferences in terms of necessary of infrastructure and tourist information. These factors contribute to the greater development of tourism and recreation, and ‘NT’ NR could be an example of a sylvatouristic product of this region.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 1016-1024
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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