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Wyświetlanie 1-19 z 19
Tytuł:
Necessary optimality conditions for predator-prey system with a hunter population
Autorzy:
Apreutesei, N. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
predator-prey system
optimal control
adjoint system
Opis:
An optimal control problem is studied for a predator-prey reaction-diffusion system. A hunter population is introduced in the ecosystem and it is interpreted as a control variable. One finds necessary optimality conditions in order that, in the end of a given time interval, the total density of the two populations is maximal.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2010, 30, 4; 389-397
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obraz historii sokolnictwa w kontekście badań nad dziejami grodu Spycimierz
The history of falconry in the context of historical research on Spycimierz
Autorzy:
Moszczyński, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Spycimierz
sokolnictwo
ptaki drapieżne
falconry
birds of prey
Opis:
Przedstawienie sokolnictwa jako niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, które znacząco wpływało na kształtowanie się współczesnej Europy, może pomóc w rozumieniu tworzenia się struktur społecznych i początków państwowości. Historia tej jednej z najstarszych form łowiectwa, będącej nietypową rozrywką książąt i władców, sięga początków pierwszych cywilizacji. Fenomen sokolnictwa nadal pozostaje przedmiotem badań historyków i archeologów, również w kontekście grodu w Spycimierzu i jego burzliwej historii, związanej z pierwszymi Piastami.
The presentation of falconry as intangible cultural heritage that has significantly influenced the development of culture in modern Europe can help in understanding the process of formation of social structures and the beginnings of statehood. The history of one of the most ancient forms of hunting, which entertained princes and kings, goes as far back as the times of the first civilizations. The phenomenon of falconry is still a subject of research by historians and archaeologists, who explore this topic also in the context of Spycimierz and its eventful history connected with the first rulers of the Piast dynasty.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Uniejowski; 2022, 11; 49-61
2299-8403
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Uniejowski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ananysis of a predator-prey model with disease in the predator species
Autorzy:
Radziński, Piotr
Foryś, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/747413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
predator-prey model, eco-epidemiology, local and global stability
Opis:
In the paper we analyse a diffusive predator-prey model with disease in predator species proposed by Qiao et al. (2014). In the original article there appears a mistake in the procedure of the model undimensionalisation. We make a correction in this procedure and show that some changes in the model analysis are necessary to obtain results similar to those presented by Qiao et al.We propose corrected conditions for global stability of one of existing equilibria -- disease free steady state and endemic state in the case without diffiusion as well as in the model with diffusion. On the basis of the corrected analysis we present new stability results.
Źródło:
Mathematica Applicanda; 2018, 46, 1
1730-2668
2299-4009
Pojawia się w:
Mathematica Applicanda
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany w składzie pokarmu i odżywianie się dorsza (Gadus morhua) w południowym Bałtyku na przestrzeni ostatnich lat.
Changes in the food composition and feeding of cod (Gadus morhua) in the Southern Baltic Sea over the past years.
Autorzy:
Pachur, Marzenna E.
Pawlak, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/2129789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Morski Instytut Rybacki - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
dorsz
Morze Bałtyckie
odżywianie
zdobycz
cod
Baltic Sea
feeding
prey
Opis:
Badania nad składem pokarmu dorsza w południowym Bałtyku są prowadzone od lat 50. XX w. Preferencje pokarmowe dorszy mogą zmieniać się ze względu na dostępność pokarmu, warunki środowiskowe, w jakich żyją, bądź też zmienną kondycję ryb. Celem tej pracy jest porównanie zmian zachodzących na przestrzeni ostatnich lat w składzie jakościowym i ilościowym pokarmu w zależności od rejonu, sezonu i klasy długości dorsza. Materiał do badań w postaci przewodów pokarmowych dorszy zebrano podczas czterech dennych rejsów badawczych r/v Baltica typu BITS (Baltic International Trawl Survey) na południowym Bałtyku w latach 2012-2014. Łącznie do badań pozyskano 1551 przewodów pokarmowych. Analizy składu pokarmowego dorszy wykazały, że dominującym składnikiem są ryby śledziowate, stanowiące ponad 45% masy pokarmowej. Udział masy szprotów w pokarmie obniżył się z 50% w latach 2006-2007 do 33% w 2013 r., a jednocześnie wzrósł udział bezkręgowców. Dużą część masy spożywanego pokarmu stanowiły bezkręgowce, w szczególności duże skorupiaki. Największy udział masy odnotowano dla garneli Crangon crangon (14,2%), podwoja Saduria entomon (9,6%) oraz lasonogów Mysida (8,7%). Najmniejsze dorsze odżywiały się głównie bezkręgowcami (Bylgides sarsi, Mysida i Crangon crangon). Dominacja ryb nad pokarmem bezkręgowym rozpoczyna się od klasy długości dorszy 30 cm Lt. Stwierdzono, że w latach 2012-2014 młodsze dorsze spożywały znacznie mniej pokarmu niż ryby starsze. Jednocześnie w latach 2012-2014 ryby cechowały się gorszą kondycją w porównaniu do lat 2006-2007.
Studies of the food composition of cod have been conducted since the 1950s. Food preferences of cod can change due to the availability of food, the environmental conditions in which they live or changeable condition of fish. The aim of this study is to compare changes over the last years in the qualitative and quantitative food composition according to an area, season and the length class of cod. The research material, which consists of digestive tracts of the Baltic cod, was collected during four research bottom cruises BITS (Baltic International Trawl Survey) performed at the r/v Baltica in the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone in 2012-2014. A total of 1551 digestive tracks have been obtained for the research. The analyses of food composition of cod indicated that the main component of the cod diet were the clupeids, constituting more than 45% of the total weight of the food recovered from the studied specimens. The share of weight for Sprattus sprattus decreased from 50% in 2006-2007 to 33% in 2013, while the share of invertebrates increased. The major share of weight of the food consumed was constituted by invertebrates, especially by large crustacenas. The dominant invertebrate in the diet was Crangon crangon which accounted for 14.2% of the diet by weight, next Saduria entomon (9.6%) and Mysida (8.7%). The smallest cod feed mainly on invertebtates (Bylgides sarsi, Mysida and Crangon crangon). The fish become dominant in the diet of cod from the length class of 30 cm. In 2012-2014 it was found that young cod consumed significantly less food than older cod. At the same time, the fish were characterised by worse condition in 2012-2014 than during 2006-2007.
Źródło:
95-lecie Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego: aktualne tematy badań naukowych. Tom II. Stan środowiska południowego Bałtyku; 89-98
9788361650188
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanizmy śmierci od komórki do całego organizmu
Mechanisms of cell death from cell to whole organism
Autorzy:
Ciesielska, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
apoptosis, mathematical models in biology, cell death, homeostasis, predator–prey model
Opis:
In vitro studies are alternative for in vivo studies carried on living organisms. They involve cell populations for both normal and cancer cells. The processes inside cells might be base for defining whole body processes. Starting with fundamental unit of every living organism which is cell, we can distinguish two main types of cell death – apoptosis and necrosis. Human organism is built from 1013–1014 cells of 300 different cell types. During cell division new cells are created and their number is strictly controlled in programmed cell death – apoptosis. Mainly old or damaged cells commit suicide and are removed from organism. This is natural phenomenon and every change in mechanisms of proliferation or apoptosis cause changes and damage in whole organism. Homeostasis in organism depends on correct action of death and survival system. The patterns of equilibrium in nature relies on similar regulation profiles, in which it is similar to death of singular organisms in population or species. It implicates death as natural phenomenon maintaining balance in the world.
Źródło:
Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies; 2019, 5
2719-2687
2451-3849
Pojawia się w:
Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis for a Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model with two delays
Autorzy:
Xu, C.
Liao, M.
He, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
opóźnienie
stabilność
bifurkacja Hopfa
predator-prey model
delay
stability
Hopf bifurcation
Opis:
In this paper, a two-species Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model with two delays is considered. By analyzing the associated characteristic transcendental equation, the linear stability of the positive equilibrium is investigated and Hopf bifurcation is demonstrated. Some explicit formulae for determining the stability and direction of Hopf bifurcation periodic solutions bifurcating from Hopf bifurcations are obtained by using normal form theory and center manifold theory. Some numerical simulations for supporting the theoretical results are also included.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2011, 21, 1; 97-107
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A game-theoretic model of social adaptation in an infinite population
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, A.
Wiszniewska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1338932.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
prey-predator game
social adaptation
equilibrated distribution
infinite population
iterative process
Opis:
The paper deals with the question of existence and properties of equilibrated distributions of individual characteristics in an infinite population. General game-theoretic methods are applied and special attention is focused on the case of fitness functions depending only on the distance of an individual characteristic from a reference point and from the mean characteristics. Iterative procedures leading to equilibrated distributions are also considered.
Źródło:
Applicationes Mathematicae; 1998-1999, 25, 4; 417-430
1233-7234
Pojawia się w:
Applicationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonlinear Dynamics of a Controlled Stirred Tank Bioreactor With Predator-Prey Relationship
Autorzy:
Tabiś, B.
Skoneczny, S.
Stryjewski, W. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184925.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dynamika
automatyczna kontrola
bioreaktor
predator-prey
dynamics
automatic control
steady states
bioreactor
Opis:
The paper presents the dynamic characteristics of a continuous tank bioreactor for microbiological process, with a developed predator-prey food chain. The presence of the predator microorganism considerably influences the position and stability character of steady-states. There appears to exist a wide range of unstable steady-states and high-amplitude oscillations of state variables. Without automatic control, the system can operate only in unsteady conditions. From technological point of view, this circumstance is unfavorable. It was shown that oscillations can be removed by employing automatic control with continuous P or PI controllers. Moreover, the use of a controller with integrating element causes removal of the predator from the bioreactor. The paper discusses an application of this phenomenon for practical purposes.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 3; 349-360
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic stability and spatial heterogeneity in the individual-based modelling of a Lotka-Volterra gas
Autorzy:
Waniewski, J.
Jędruch, W.
Żołek, N. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907374.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
równanie Lotka-Volterra
entropia
współczynnik korelacji
predator-prey system
entropy
correlation coefficient
Opis:
Computer simulation of a few thousands of particles moving (approximately) according to the energy and momentum conservation laws on a tessellation of 800 x 800 squares in discrete time steps and interacting according to the predator-prey scheme is analyzed. The population dynamics are described by the basic Lotka-Volterra interactions (multiplication of preys, predation and multiplication of predators, death of predators), but the spatial effects result in differences between the system evolution and the mathematical description by the Lotka-Volterra equations. The spatial patterns were evaluated using entropy and a cross correlation coefficient for the spatial distribution of both populations. In some simulations the system oscillated with variable amplitude but rather stable period, but the particle distribution departed from the (quasi) homogeneous state and did not return to it. The distribution entropy oscillated in the same rhythm as the population, but its value was smaller than in the initial homogeneous state. The cross correlation coefficient oscillated between positive and negative values. Its average value depended on the space scale applied for its evaluation with the negative values on the small scale (separation of preys from predators) and the positive values on the large scale (aggregation of both populations). The stability of such oscillation patterns was based on a balance of the population parameters and particle mobility. The increased mobility (particle mixing) resulted in unstable oscillations with high amplitude, sustained homogeneity of the particle distribution, and final extinction of one or both populations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2004, 14, 2; 139-147
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Asian invasive freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea as prey of two native waterbirds in South-Eastern Brazil
Autorzy:
Sazima, I.
D`Angelo, G.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/83265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska. Stowarzyszenie Malakologów Polskich
Tematy:
Asian species
invasive species
freshwater clam
clam
Corbicula fluminea
prey
native bird
waterbird
Brazil
Opis:
The invasive Asiatic freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea is regarded as a pest in several countries including Brazil. Two water birds native to South America, the limpkin Aramus guarauna and the common gallinule Gallinula galeata, are herein recorded preying on C. fluminea in a pond of an urban park in South-eastern Brazil. The exotic clam is becoming increasingly common in the diet of both these water birds. This trend is likely due to its increasing population and the consequent rarity of the habitual prey (apple snails and native clams) for the mollusc-specialised limpkin, besides being an accessible animal protein source for the omnivorous gallinule.
Źródło:
Folia Malacologica; 2013, 21, 4
1506-7629
Pojawia się w:
Folia Malacologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chaotic dynamics in the Volterra predator-prey model via linked twist maps
Autorzy:
Pireddu, M.
Zanolin, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/255348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
Volterra predator-prey system
harvesting
periodic solutions
subharmonics
chaotic-like dynamics
topological horseshoes
linked twist maps
Opis:
We prove the existence of infinitely many periodic solutions and complicated dynamics, due to the presence of a topological horseshoe, for the classical Volterra predator-prey model with a periodic harvesting. The proof relies on some recent results about chaotic planar maps combined with the study of geometric features which are typical of linked twist maps.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2008, 28, 4; 567-592
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forming dynamic, self-organizing neural networks by means of Assembler Encoding
Tworzenie sieci neuronowych z samoorganizacją Hebba za pomocą Kodowania Asemblerowego
Autorzy:
Praczyk, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/209895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
sieci neuronowe
neuro-ewolucja
problem drapieżca–ofiara
self-organizing neural networks
neuro-evolution
predator-prey problem
Opis:
Assembler Encoding is a new neuro-evolutionary method. To date, it has been tested in such problems as: an optimization problem, a predator-prey problem, and in an inverted pendulum problem. In all the cases mentioned, Assembler Encoding was used to create neural networks with constant, invariable architecture. To test whether Assembler Encoding is able to form other types of neural networks, next experiments were carried out. In the experiments, the task of Assembler Encoding was to form self-organizing, dynamic neural networks. The networks were tested in the predator-prey problem. To compare Assembler Encoding with other method, in the experiments, a modified version of standard neuro-evolution was also applied. The results of the experiments are presented at the end of the paper.
Kodowanie Asemblerowe jest metodą neuro-ewolucyjną, która do tej pory stosowana była wyłącznie do konstrukcji sieci neuronowych o stałej, nie zmiennej w czasie architekturze. W celu sprawdzenia skuteczności metody w tworzeniu innych typów sieci neuronowych, przeprowadzonoszereg eksperymentów. W ich trakcie zadaniem Kodowania Asemblerowego była konstrukcja rekurencyjnych oraz jednokierunkowych sieci neuronowych z samoorganizacją Hebba. Tworzone sieci wykorzystywane były do sterowania zespołem "drapieżców", których celem było pochwycenie szybko poruszającej się "ofiary" (predator-prey problem) postępującej zgodnie z pewną prostą strategią. Wyniki Kodowania Asemblerowego uzyskane w trakcie badań porównano z osiągami innej metody neuro-ewolucyjnej.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2011, 60, 2; 117-138
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial Heterogeneity and Local Oscillation Phase Drifts Individual-Based Simulations of a Prey-Predator System
Autorzy:
Waniewski, J.
Jędruch, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/929763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
estymacja parametryczna
różnorodność przestrzenna
prey-predator system
individual-based simulations
spatial heterogeneity
oscillation phase drift
parameter estimation
Opis:
Individual-based simulations of a simple prey-predator system of Lotka-Volterra type were carried out on a tessellation of identical squares with discrete time steps. The particles representing individuals moved freely along (roughly) straight lines with constant (on the average) velocity, and changed their movement during a collision with another particle. Individuals were of two types: preys (with free exponential population growth) and predators (with exponential population decrease in the absence of a prey, they attack with probability one and are characterized by zero handling and gestationtimes). Therefore the system might be also interpreted as a chemical reactionin a gas. For this simple system, a spontaneous generation of complex spatio-temporal pattern was observed with wavy spatial patterns and tendency for preys to form clusters surrounded by predators if the population density was high. The oscillations of the system were investigated at different spatial scales, and the phase lag between the oscillations in different local observation windows was demonstrated. The parameters of the classical Lotka-Volterra equations were estimated and the impact of the migration and the oscillation phase drift on the parameter values was discussed.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2000, 10, 1; 175-192
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bifurcation and control for a discrete-time prey–predator model with Holling-IV functional response
Autorzy:
Chen, Q.
Teng, Z.
Hu, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
discrete prey predator model
flip bifurcation
Hopf bifurcation
saddle node bifurcation
OGY chaotic control
bifurkacja Hopfa
sterowanie chaosem
Opis:
The dynamics of a discrete-time predator–prey model with Holling-IV functional response are investigated. It is shown that the model undergoes a flip bifurcation, a Hopf bifurcation and a saddle-node bifurcation by using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations not only exhibit our results with the theoretical analysis, but also show the complex dynamical behaviors, such as the period-3, 6, 9, 12, 20, 63, 70, 112 orbits, a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations in period-2, 4, 8, 16, quasi-periodic orbits, an attracting invariant circle, an inverse period-doubling bifurcation from the period-32 orbit leading to chaos and a boundary crisis, a sudden onset of chaos and a sudden disappearance of the chaotic dynamics, attracting chaotic sets and non-attracting sets. We also observe that when the prey is in chaotic dynamics the predator can tend to extinction or to a stable equilibrium. Specifically, we stabilize the chaotic orbits at an unstable fixed point by using OGY chaotic control.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2013, 23, 2; 247-261
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preferencje siedliskowe leśnych ptaków drapieżnych a struktura wiekowa lasów gospodarczych ? na przykładzie Lasów Parczewskich
Habitat preferences of birds of prey vs age structure of forest - Lasy Parczewskie case study
Autorzy:
Keller, M.
Buczek, T.
Różycki, A.L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
fauna
struktura wiekowa
lasy
lesnictwo
Lasy Parczewskie
preferencje siedliskowe
ptaki drapiezne
lasy gospodarcze
birds of prey
habitat selection
age structure of tree−stands
Opis:
The study was conducted in Lasy Parczewskie forest complex in eastern Poland in two periods: 1991−1993 and 2002−2004. We analysed the location of 384 nests belonging to 6 species of diurnal birds of prey that are common in Poland: Honey Buzzard (Pernis apivorus), White−tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), Buzzard (Buteo buteo), and Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina). We found that all species preferred particular age classes of tree stands (Fig. 2). Sparrowhawk chose tree−stands at age of between 30 and 50 years, Honey Buzzard – older than 50 years, Buzzard and Lesser Spotted Eagle – older than 70 years, Goshawk – older than 80 years, and White−tailed Eagle – older than 90 years. Beside the fact that the Parczew Forests are cultivated and harvested in a common manner, they play an important role for all the species concerned.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 02; 30-35
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of prey field variability on early cod larval survival: a sensitivity study of a Baltic cod Individual-based Model
Autorzy:
Schmidt, J.O.
Hinrichsen, H.-H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
Baltic Sea
individual-based model
calanoid copepod
Acartia
larva
Temora longicornis
predator-prey interaction
spatial variation
biophysical model
Centropages hamatus
cod
Pseudocalanus acuspes
Baltic cod
Opis:
Existing coupled biophysical models for Baltic larval cod drift, growth and survival use idealised constructed mean prey fields of nauplius distributions. These simulations revealed the best feeding conditions for Baltic cod larvae longer than 6 mm. For shorter, first feeding larvae (between 4.5 and 6 mm) pronounced differences in growth and survival were observed, which depend on food availability and to a lesser degree on ambient temperature. We performed runs with an Individual-based Model (IBM) for Baltic cod larvae in order to demonstrate how natural variability in prey abundance influences the survival success of first feeding larvae. In the Baltic, this larval stage lives mainly between 20 and 40 m depth and feeds exclusively on the nauplii of different calanoid copepods (Acartia spp., Pseudocalanus acuspes, Temora longicornis and Centropages hamatus). Prey data obtained from vertically stratified samples in the Bornholm Basin (Baltic Sea) in 2001 and 2002 indicate a strong variability at spatial and temporal scales. We calculated larval survival and growth in relation to natural variation of prey fields, i.e. species-specific nauplius abundance. The results of the model runs yielded larval survival rates from 60 to 100% if the mean size of nauplii species was taken and lower survival if prey consisted of early nauplius stages only.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2008, 50, 2; 205-220
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ pory roku i dostępności gryzoni leśnych na skład pokarmu puszczyka Strix aluco w warunkach mozaiki polno-leśnej środkowej Polski
Influence of season and availability of forest rodents on diet composition of tawny owl Strix aluco inhabiting field-forest mosaic in central Poland
Autorzy:
Gryz, J.
Krauze-Gryz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
ornitologia
sowy
puszczyk
Strix aluco
sklad pokarmu
gryzonie
analiza skladu pokarmu
mozaika srodowisk polno-lesnych
dostepnosc pokarmu
pory roku
wybiorczosc pokarmowa
pellets
rodents trapping
functional response
season
prey selectivity
Opis:
The aim of the study was to characterize the diet composition of tawny owl in relation to environmental variables: season and availability of small rodents. Study area was located in central Poland, in Łódź voivodship, in the area of Rogów Forest District. It comprised of a mosaic of forests and arable lands. The study was done in the years 2003−2010. Pellets were collected at least twice a year in 18 tawny owl territories. Material collected between April and September was categorised as coming from spring−summer, while this from October−March period as autumn−winter season. Simultaneously, in the years 2004−2007, changes in the number of small rodents were monitored by live−trapping. Standard procedures of pellet analyses were used to identify 1926 prey items. Generally, diet composition was dominated by small rodents. Yet, their share was significantly higher in autumn−winter season (71.3 vs. 57.3%). Among rodents, yellow−necked mice, common voles and bank voles were caught most often. Soricomorphs accounted for 3% of prey items in both seasons on average. Birds formed approximately 15% of prey items and their share was comparable in warm and cold half year. On the other hand, in a warmer period owls preyed on invertebrates more often (23.0 vs. 7.5%). A breadth niche was wider in a warm (D=4.01) half year than in cold one (D=3.36). When a peak of rodent number was recorded, owls preyed on bank voles twice as often as compared to other years (increase from 6.4 to 11% of prey items), while an increase in the consumption of yellow−necked mouse was lower (from 27.5 to 34.2%). Tawny owls preferred yellow−necked mice and bank voles were avoided. This study showed that in the Rogów Forest tawny owl is an opportunistic predator. However, composition of its diet does not absolutely reflect the structure of assemblage of small mammals as certain species are preferred.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 01; 57-63
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prey abundance supporting unusual water mite (Acari: Hydrachnidia) community in a sublacustrine spring and tributary river
Autorzy:
Pozojević, Ivana
Ternjej, Ivančica
Mihaljević, Zlatko
Gottstein, Sanja
Vučković, Natalija
Dorić, Valentina
Rumišek, Mario
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1386265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
meiofaunal food web
predator-prey interactions
karst water community
sublacustrine spring
karst river
sieć pokarmowa w mejofaunie
interakcje drapieżnik-ofiara
zgrupowania wód krasowych
źródło na dnie jeziora
rzeka krasowa
Opis:
Water mites are predators on microcrustations (Copepoda, Cladocera, Ostracoda) and insect larvae (mostly Diptera). Their communities usually have great diversity with high species richness but relatively low abundance. This may have important implications for poorly investigated predator-prey interactions of water mites in natural habitats. A sublacustrine karst spring Torak and the mouth of its tributary river Čikola were examined seasonally from August 2016 to June 2017, with the aim of determining water mite distribution connected to prey availability. Triplicate samples were taken with an Ekman dredge on three distinct depth zones (littoral, sublittoral and profundal zone) at both study sites. Both, the karst spring and the tributary river, had typical lentic water mite communities with no rhithrobiont or crenobiont taxa present. Water mite species richness, abundance and alpha diversity were not governed by depth, but rather by prey availability. Greater copepod, ceratopogonid and chironomid abundances were found to positively correlate with higher abundances of water mites. The population of Limnesia connata, previously reported from lime-poor waters exclusively, was most probably supported by vast prey availability, thus unexpectedly surviving in this karst environment. L. connata, Neumania vernalis and Piona longipalpis were recorded for the first time in Croatia, while L. connata was recorded for the first time in the Dinaric karst.
Wodopójki są drapieżnikami odżywiającymi się mikroskorupiakami (Copepoda, Cladocera, Ostracoda) i larwami owadów (głównie Diptera). Ich zgrupowania zazwyczaj charakteryzują się dużym zróżnicowaniem gatunkowym, ale stosunkowo niską liczebnością. Może to mieć duże znaczenie dla wciąż słabo zbadanych relacji drapieżnik–ofiara w naturalnych siedliskach. Celem badań przeprowadzanych w okresie od sierpnia 2016 do czerwca 2017 roku w znajdującym się na dnie jeziora, krasowym źródle Torak i ujściu rzeki Čikola było zbadanie rozmieszczenia wodopójek w zależności od dostępności pokarmu. Próby pobierano chwytaczem Ekmana w trzech strefach głębokości (litoral, sublitoral i profundal) w obu badanych miejscach, za każdym razem wykonując trzy powtórzenia. Zarówno źródło krasowe, jak i dopływająca rzeka charakteryzowały się typowo lenitycznym zgrupowaniem wodopójek, bez obecności rhithrobiontów i krenobiontów. Bogactwo gatunkowe wodopójek, liczebność i wskaźniki różnorodności nie były związane z głębokością, lecz z dostępnością pożywienia. Stwierdzono, że większe liczebności widłonogów, ceratopogonidów i chironomidów korelują dodatnio z większą liczebnością wodopójek. Populacja Limnesia connata, poprzednio opisywana wyłącznie z wód ubogich w wapń, była najprawdopodobniej wspierana przez ogromną dostępność pokarmu, co niespodziewanie przełożyło się na jej przetrwanie w tym krasowym środowisku. L. connata, Neumania vernalis i Piona longipalpis zostały odnotowane w Chorwacji po raz pierwszy, natomiast L. connata została po raz pierwszy odnotowana na Krasie Dynarskim.
Źródło:
Acta Biologica; 2018, 25; 69-75
2450-8330
2353-3013
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Predation by drilling gastropods and asteroids upon mussels in rocky shallow shores of southernmost South America: Paleontological implications
Autorzy:
GORDILLO, SANDRA
ARCHUBY, FERNANDO
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945760.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
paleontology
predation
drilling gastropod
gastropod
Trophon geversianus
Xymenopsis muriciformis
Acanthina monodon
asteroid
Cosmasterias lurida
Anasterias antarctica
mussel
Mytilus chilensis
Brachidontes purpuratus
Aulacomya atra
rocky shore
shallow shore
South America
Bivalvia
Gastropoda
Asteroidea
prey selection
taphonomy
Tierra del Fuego
Argentina
Opis:
To achieve a better understanding of predation pattern recorded in the fossil record it is essential to study predator−prey interactions in the modern seas. It includes the data collected from the field observations as well as from the experiments in captivity. Such an approach allows recognition of the bioeroders, its description and also provides quantification of these interactions. This work offers a case study of the traces of predation resulting from the predator−prey interactions between three mussels: Mytilus chilensis, Brachidontes purpuratus, and Aulacomya atra; and their five natural enemies: the gastropods Trophon geversianus, Xymenopsis muriciformis, and Acanthina monodon, and the asteroids Cosmasterias lurida and Anasterias antarctica living along the intertidal and/or subtidal rocky shores in Tierra del Fuego. The predatory damage to mussel shells varies according to the predator and prey species and techniques for attacking prey are highly specialized. A. monodon drills a hole in B. purpuratus but uses the outer lip of its shell as a wedge to open the valves of M. chilensis and A. atra. T. geversianus always makes holes, but while it drills the valve walls of M. chilensis, it prefers to drill the valve edges of A. atra and B. purpuratus, with different characteristic patterns. Usually the shells of mussels killed by C. lurida do not suffer from any mechanical damage, but some other shells were crushed or fractured along the margins. Comparatively, time required to successfully attack a prey was shorter in C. lurida (24 hours), followed by A. monodon (36 hours), and longer in T. geversianus (9 to 10 days). Traces of predation are not randomly distributed across size classes of mussel prey, reflecting selectivity for a particular size class. Also, drill holes are usually placed at specific sectors of the shell, indicating site selectivity. These observations offer some paleontological implications for investigating the pattern of predation in fossil record. They show that different patterns of shell damage can be due to different predator species (e.g., wall vs. edge drillings), although the same predator species can leave different marks when consuming different prey (e.g., T. geversianus). Most disconcerting for paleontologists are cases of predation which do not leave any marks on the prey shell detectable in the fossil record (e.g., predation by asteroids), or leave ambiguous marks (A. monodon when preying with the spine). In conclusion, besides the opportunity to identify some traces of predation by drilling gastropods in fossil mussels, this work gives criteria to address predation in some particular paleontological cases that would otherwise be dismissed by researchers.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2012, 57, 3; 633-646
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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