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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 32
Tytuł:
Analysis of Working Postures at a Construction Site Using the OWAS Method
Autorzy:
Lee, T. H.
Han, C. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
construction
posture
occupational injury
OWAS
budownictwo
pozycja przy pracy
analiza bezpieczeństwa
Opis:
This study used OWAS to analyze the working postures of construction workers on building the foundations of a log cabin. Three construction workers, with an average work experience of 40 years, participated in this study. Eight elementary jobs of building the foundations of a log cabin were videotaped at a construction site and analyzed later in the laboratory. For an overall distribution of trunk postures, OWAS identified that a bent and twisted trunk posture (34%), which fell into action category 3, was the major poor posture for construction workers. This study also identified that tying beams with steel bars, assembling column templates, and cement grouting of the ground were the 3 principal jobs in which workers building the foundations exhibited poor working posture. This article suggests ways to reduce and evaluate poor posture in a dynamic construction site.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 245-250
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Postural and Muscular Responses While Viewing Different Heights of Screen
Autorzy:
Lee, T. H.
Liu, T. Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90519.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
visual display terminal
posture
viewing angle
pozycja przy pracy
kąt widzenia
ekran
praca przy komputerze
Opis:
This study aimed to examine the effects of visual display terminal (VDT) viewing angle on human postural angle and muscular activity. The participants’ neck, thoracic bending, and trunk inclination angles; and the activity of sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenius capitis, and erector spinae at 5 viewing angles (+400, +200, 00, –200, and –400) of a VDT screen were collected for 1 min. This study showed that neck and thoracic bending angles increased with viewing angle, while viewing angle did not significantly affect trunk inclination angle. In addition, the activity of trapezius and erector spinae increased when viewing a higher or lower VDT screen height compared with viewing a horizontal VDT screen height; however, the activity of splenius capitis decreased with viewing angle.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 251-258
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of External Load at Varying Hand Positions on Perceived Discomfort
Autorzy:
Kee, D.
Na, S.
Chung, M. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
perceived discomfort
postural stress
external load
hand position
pozycja przy pracy
pozycja ręki
dyskomfort
obciążenie zewnętrzne
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of external load at varying hand positions on discomfort, and to provide a new classification of external load. An experiment was carried out in which 16 postures with an external load of 0, 1.5, 3 kg were tested. The postures were controlled by 2 independent variables of hand distance and hand height. The subjects were instructed to rate their perceived discomfort with magnitude estimation after holding a given posture for 1 min. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) exhibited that the main effects of the 3 independent variables were statistically significant for discomfort. Discomfort increased linearly with external load and hand distance. Hand height showed a quadratic relation with discomfort, which exhibited a slightly different trend from hand distance and external load. Based on the results, a new classification of external load was proposed with 3 classes grouped by perceived discomfort.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 397-408
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Affective Computing-A Rationale for Measuring Mood With Mouse and Keyboard
Autorzy:
Zimmermann, P.
Guttormsen, S.
Danuser, B.
Gomez, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90061.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
affective computing
mood
emotions
HCl
klawiatura
pozycja przy pracy
komputer
zagrożenia zdrowia
emocjonalność
psychologia pracy
Opis:
Emotions are an increasingly important factor in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Up to the present, emotion recognition in HCI implies the use of explicit or intrusive methods, for example, video cameras or physiological measurements. We are developing and evaluating a method for the measurement of affective states through motor-behavioral parameters from standard input devices (mouse and keyboard).
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 539-551
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lifter, a Computerized Lifting Analysis Technique
Autorzy:
Gilad, I.
Boughanim, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
non-homogeneous loads
lifting model
weight distribution
praca ciężka
fizjologia pracy
pozycja przy pracy
podnoszenie ładunku
Opis:
A computer driven technique to analyze lifting forces, in non-homogeneous load situations, is described and tested. Analysis is based on a dynamic algorithm aimed to evaluate unconstrained lifting posture and non-homogeneous content of loads. For inputs we use actual geometrical body postures in the form of 3-dimensional co-ordinates obtained from pictures taken at a work site. The outputs show a good match between the findings and pre-study assumptions for balanced and non-balanced load lifting practice. The results of the experiments show a good degree of correlation with results reported by researchers for symmetrical lifting tasks and with National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOSH) lifting guidelines. It is believed that the technique can serve as the proper choice for industrial and safety analysts of lifting activities.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 525-537
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Differences in Dentists’ Working Postures When Adopting Proprioceptive Derivation vs. Conventional Concept
Autorzy:
Chaikumarn, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91093.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
proprioceptive derivation
posture
RULA
dentist
służba zdrowia
zagrożenia zdrowia
pozycja przy pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
stomatolog
Opis:
New technologies and changes in dental care, including the proprioceptive derivation (Pd) concept, aimed at providing dentists with greater comfort and better health, were introduced in Thailand. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in dentists’ working postures when adopting different work concepts: Pd and the conventional concept. The results showed differences in dentists’ sitting posture, clock-related working positions, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores. This implied that Pd helped dentists to discover new ways of positioning themselves, and working comfortably and effectively, which made it possible for them to adopt better working posture and have lower RULA scores. In conclusion, the Pd concept had a positive effect on dentists’ working posture.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 441-449
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Ergonomic Study on Posture-Related Discomfort Among Preadolescent Agricultural Workers of West Bengal, India
Autorzy:
Gangopadhyay, S.
Das, B.
Das, T.
Ghoshal, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
preadolescence
agricultural worker
posture
discomfort
rolnictwo
ergonomia
młodociani
pozycja przy pracy
warunki pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
czynniki ryzyka
Opis:
In India, particularly in West Bengal, preadolescents are primarily associated with agricultural work in rural areas. Owing to poor socio-economic conditions, they are compelled to carry out a considerable number of manual, rigorous tasks in agricultural fields. The main aim of this study was to investigate postures adopted by preadolescent agricultural workers during individual agricultural activities and to analyze the causes of discomfort related to those postures. Fifty male and 50 female preadolescent agricultural workers were randomly selected and a detailed posture analysis was performed with the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). It was observed that those workers worked continuously in awkward postures during certain agricultural activities. Consequently they suffered from discomfort in different parts of their body. Even though they were very young, they were likely to suffer from serious musculoskeletal disorders in the future.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 315-322
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Different Scales for Measurement of Perceived Physical Strain During Performance of Manual Tasks
Autorzy:
Hernandez, L.
Alhemood, A.
Genaidy, A. M.
Karwowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
load handling
perception
psychophysics
practical methodologies
psychologia pracy
mierzenie pracy i wysiłku
pozycja przy pracy
zmęczenie fizyczne
percepcja
prace ręczne
Opis:
The main objective of this study was to evaluate different scales of perceived strain during the performance of various physical tasks. A total of 52 male and female participants took part in 4 experiments to achieve the study objective. The results suggest that a bipolar comfort-discomfort scale is a more appropriate instrument than a discomfort scale for assessing cumulative physical stresses at work, especially at the beginning of the shift. For assessing discomfort at the end of the work shift, a unipolar scale may also be used. On the basis of the obtained results, red, green, and yellow zones are suggested to establish priorities for work redesign efforts in ergonomic control programs.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 413-432
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Postural Loading Assessment in Assembly Workers of an Iranian Telecommunication Manufacturing Company
Autorzy:
Kamalinia, M.
Saraji, G. N.
Kee, D.
Hosseini, M.
Choobineh, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal disorders
postural loading
assembly workers
LUBA
choroby narządów ruchu
montaż i demontaż
pozycja przy pracy
prace montażowe
Opis:
Background. Changes in industries and work practices have coincided with work-related musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs). This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of MSDs and to assess postural loading in assembly workers of an Iranian telecommunication manufacturing company. Methods. Data were collected from 193 randomly selected workers in 4 units of the company. The Nordic musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire and the UBC ergonomic checklist were used as data collection tools. Loading on the upper body assessment(LUBA) was used to assess postural loading. Results. Lower back symptoms were the most prevalent problems among the workers (67.9%). LUBA showed that most assembly workers (94.3%) had experienced considerable and high postural loading (postural load index, PLI > 5). Regression analyses revealed that lighting, rotation, contact stress, repetition, gender and age were factors associated with symptoms. Conclusion. Work-related MSDs occurred at a high rate among workers. Postural loading requires consideration. Any ergonomic intervention should focus on eliminating ergonomic factors associated with symptoms.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 311-319
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Association Between Perceived Demands and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences: A Questionnaire Survey
Autorzy:
Choobineh, A.
Rajaeefard, A.
Neghab, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
Iran
musculoskeletal disorders
nurses
perceived demands
pozycja przy pracy
badania terenowe
personel pielęgniarski
choroby narządów ruchu
ankietowanie
MSD
Opis:
Excessive demands on nurses may result in high rates of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study was conducted among hospital nurses of Iran’s Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) to determine the prevalence of MSDs and to examine the relationship between perceived demands and reported MSDs. In this study, 641 randomly selected nurses from 12 SUMS hospitals participated. The Nordic musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire and Job Content Questionnaire were used as collecting data tools.The results showed that 84.4% of the participants had experienced some form of symptoms of MSDs during the past 12 months. Lower back symptoms were found to be the most prevalent problem. Perceived physical demands were significantly associated with MSDs (OR = 1.5–2.7). No association was found between perceived psychological demands and reported symptoms. It was concluded that any intervention program for preventing MSDs among SUMS hospital nurses had to focus on reducing physical demands, particularly excessive postural demands.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 409-416
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reducing Musculoskeletal Discomfort: Effects of an Office Ergonomics Workplace and Training Intervention
Autorzy:
Robertson, M. M.
O’Neill, M. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal
office ergonomics
intervention
praca biurowa
choroby narządów ruchu
fizjologia pracy
ergonomia
pomieszczenie biurowe
zagrożenia zdrowia
kręgosłup
pozycja przy pracy
Opis:
Effects of an office ergonomics workplace and training intervention on workers’ knowledge and self-reported musculoskeletal pain and discomfort were investigated. An instructional systems design process was used to develop an office ergonomics training program and the evaluation tools used to measure the effectiveness of the training program on workers’ office ergonomics knowledge and skills. It was hypothesized that the training and workplace intervention would allow the worker to more effectively use their workplace through increased office ergonomics knowledge and skills. Following the intervention, there was a significant increase in workers’ office ergonomics knowledge and awareness. Self-reported work-related musculoskeletal disorders significantly decreased for the group who had a workplace change and received ergonomic training relative to a workplace change-only group and a no intervention control group.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 491-502
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Three-Dimensional Lifting Model For Non-Homogeneous Loads
Autorzy:
Gilad, I.
Boughanim, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
manual lifting
non-symmetric lifting
biomechanics modeling
posture analysis
fizjologia pracy
pozycja przy pracy
praca mięśni
modele matematyczne
podnoszenie ładunku
Opis:
A 3-dimensional model and analysis methodology is suggested for treating lifting tasks when unbalanced loads are involved. The paper describes the biomechanical equations that are coupled with the worker’s posture geometry, to address a practical problem of non-symmetric lifting. The analysis has a dominant biomechanical modeling scope, as it contains a breakdown of the internal lifting forces resulting from posture and external loads acting on the body. The load model represents the acting forces due to unbalanced lifting, which is commonly found in industrial situations. The suggested model allows the user to simulate the influence of the practical load distribution, aiding safe design of a lifting job.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 511-524
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of Neutral Posture on Muscle Tension During Computer Use
Autorzy:
Dowler, E.
Kappes, B.
Fenaughty, A.
Pemberton, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
video display terminal
sEMG
working position
keyboard position
workstation modifications
pozycja przy pracy
komputer
ergonomia
mierzenie pracy i wysiłku
VDT
Opis:
This study focused on developing a new approach to seated work positions as conducted on 67 office workers who use a Visual Display Terminal (VDT) as a major function of their working day. Muscle tension was measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) while participants were asked to adopt 4 selected working postures. Pain was measured before and after ergonomic intervention on the Nordic scale, which was modified for this study. Adjustable workstations were used to place participants in desired positions during the clinical testing sessions and the extended intervention period. Results indicate the effects of this ergonomic intervention may have positive effects on muscle tension and pain, significant enough to encourage employers to implement training and workstation modifications following these guidelines.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 1; 61-78
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Comparative Ergonomics Postural Assessment of Potters and Sculptors in the Unorganized Sector in West Bengal, India
Autorzy:
Sahu, S.
Moitra, S.
Maity, S.
Pandit, A. K.
Roy, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
posture
musculoskeletal disorders
low back pain
REBA
RULA
ergonomia
pozycja przy pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
Opis:
Potters and sculptors perform their work in very awkward postures. The purpose of this study was to analyse these postures. The modified Nordic questionnaire was used to analyse musculoskeletal discomfort. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used to evaluate the subjects' postures. There were no significant differences between times of discomfort and the group of subjects. However, there were significant differences in discomfort in different body parts. The analysis indicated that various body postures were harmful to the subjects and that there were profound deviations from natural curvature of various body parts due to awkward body postures. Ergonomics intervention was required to improve the quality of life.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 455-462
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Worksheets for Computing Recommended Notebook Computer and Workstation Adjustments
Autorzy:
Nanthavanij, S.
Udomratana, C.
Hansawad, S.
Thepkanjana, J.
Tantasuwan, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
notebook computer operation
work posture
musculoskeletal disorders
office ergonomics
ergonomia
pomieszczenie biurowe
pozycja przy pracy
komputer
choroby narządów ruchu
Opis:
This paper discusses the design and development of worksheets for helping notebook computer (NBC) users to compute NBC and workstation adjustments so as to assume an appropriate seated posture. The worksheets(one for male users, the other for female ones) require the following information: body height, NBC screen size, work surface height, and seat height. The worksheets contain tables for estimating recommended NBC base angle, NBC screen angle, body–NBC distance, work surface height, and seat height. Additionally, they include flow charts to help NBC users to determine necessary adjustment accessories and their settings.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 259-274
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 32

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