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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Ergonomic conditions in manual harvesting in Swedish outdoor cultivation
    Autorzy:
    Pinzke, S.
    Lavesson, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    agriculture
    ergonomics
    horticulture
    musculoskeletal disorder
    posture analysis
    questionnaire
    Opis:
    Introduction and objective. Ergonomic problems in manual labour in agriculture are well known worldwide. This study investigates the ergonomic conditions during manual work in Swedish outdoor vegetable/berry cultivation. Materials and method. A questionnaire on work and health conditions was sent to all growers of vegetables and strawberries in Sweden. Workplace studies with video recordings and observations of work operations and positions at harvest were performed. Calculations of back compression and risk assessment for harmful impact of work were made. Employers and employees were interviewed. Results. Working standing/walking instead of kneeling when harvesting vegetables was shown to decrease lumbar compression. Using a conveyor belt instead of carrying a plastic box into the field for the harvested vegetables reduced harmful forward bends and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). When strawberries were grown in pots, the work position was a straight back and neck, with lowered arms. When grown on raised beds, the work position was either kneeling or bending forward with straight legs. When kneeling, the back was often bent or rotated, frequently with the arms far from the body. Bending forward with straight legs caused a harmful level of lumbar compression. Conclusions. Harmful work postures arise during manual harvesting in Swedish outdoor cultivation. The risk can be reduced using mechanized work tools and optimal cultivation methods. Adequate work training, including instructions about optimal working postures and movements, may reduce the risk of MSD, but will most likely not eliminate it completely.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 3; 481-487
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Low Back Pain Risks in a Beef Skinning Operation
    Autorzy:
    Das, B.
    Sengupta, A. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89837.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    low back pain
    biomechanical analysis
    ergonomic analysis
    posture analysis
    meat processing
    ból pleców
    analiza biomechaniczna
    analiza ergonomiczna
    postawa
    Opis:
    The low back pain risks in a beef skinning operation at a high stand kill floor workstation was evaluated. The increases in compressive forces at lower back (L5/S1) between normal slump (back angle 25°, measured in the sagittal plane) and severe (45°) and between normal slump and very severe (70°) bent back postures were 387 N or 28% and 616 N or 45%, respectively. The high spine load coupled with high level of repetition can have a high probability of fatigue failure in the spine structural members. Non-neutral back posture for a large portion of the total work time can be a low back pain risk factor. The videotape analysis showed that the times involved during the task performance for the bent back (more than 25°) and severe bent back (more than 45°) were 48.4 and 33.5% of the total cycle time, respectively. The upper limit from OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System) for bent back posture is 30% of the total cycle time. The bent and twisted back posture (both more than 25°) time was 10.4% compared to OWAS limit of 5%. This indicated that actions are needed in the near future to alleviate the risk of low back pain. Ergonomics redesign of the workstation was recommended for the operation.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 3; 347-361
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Three-Dimensional Lifting Model For Non-Homogeneous Loads
    Autorzy:
    Gilad, I.
    Boughanim, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    manual lifting
    non-symmetric lifting
    biomechanics modeling
    posture analysis
    fizjologia pracy
    pozycja przy pracy
    praca mięśni
    modele matematyczne
    podnoszenie ładunku
    Opis:
    A 3-dimensional model and analysis methodology is suggested for treating lifting tasks when unbalanced loads are involved. The paper describes the biomechanical equations that are coupled with the worker’s posture geometry, to address a practical problem of non-symmetric lifting. The analysis has a dominant biomechanical modeling scope, as it contains a breakdown of the internal lifting forces resulting from posture and external loads acting on the body. The load model represents the acting forces due to unbalanced lifting, which is commonly found in industrial situations. The suggested model allows the user to simulate the influence of the practical load distribution, aiding safe design of a lifting job.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 511-524
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza obciążenia pracą dojarzy w fermie krów mlecznych
    Analysis of milkers work load in milk cow farm
    Autorzy:
    Kiełbasa, P.
    Budyn, P.
    Kuciakowski, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/289912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
    Tematy:
    ergonomia
    praca statyczna
    dój
    krowa
    metoda OWAS
    Ovako Working Posture Analysis System
    ergonomics
    static work
    cow
    milking process
    OWAS method
    Opis:
    Podstawowa część obciążeń typu statycznego związana jest z napięciami posturalnymi odgrywającymi rolę w utrzymaniu pożądanej pozycji ciała. Celem badań była analiza obciążenia pracą dojarzy podczas doju krów. Analizę obciążenia pracą badanych osób przeprowadzono metodą OWAS - Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, służącą do oceny wielkości obciążenia statycznego. Przebadano dojarzy pracujących na hali udojowej typu "rybia ość". Materiał badawczy do oceny obciążeń pracą dojarzy pozyskano sposobem rejestracji kamerą cyfrową przy prędkości 25 ekspozycji na sekundę. Zaobserwowano, że większość czynności w analizowanym procesie doju generuje małe obciążenia pracą statyczną dojarzy.
    Basic part of static loads is related to postural tensions which play their role in keeping desired body position. The purpose of the research was to analyse milkers' work load during cow milking. The analysis of work load for examined persons was carried out using the OWAS method - Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, used to assess static load size. The examination was carried out for milkers working in a "fish bone"-type milking room. The research material for the assessment of milkers' work load was acquired by means of digital camera recording at the rate of 25 exposures per second. It has been observed that most of operations in the analysed milking process generates small static work loads for milkers.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2008, R. 12, nr 11(109), 11(109); 121-126
    1429-7264
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Rolnicza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effects of gait speed on plantar pressure variables in individuals with normal foot posture and flatfoot
    Autorzy:
    Kirmizi, Muge
    Sengul, Yesim S.
    Angin, Salih
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27324125.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    gait analysis
    gait speed
    pes planus
    foot posture
    plantar pressure analysis
    analiza chodu
    prędkość chodu
    pes płaski
    postawa stóp
    analiza ciśnienia podeszwowego
    Opis:
    Purpose: It is not known how gait speed affects plantar pressure characteristics in flatfoot. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of gait speed on plantar pressure variables in flatfoot by comparing it to normal foot posture. Methods: Thirty individuals with flatfoot and 30 individuals with normal foot posture were recruited. Plantar pressure variables were obtained by a pressure-sensitive mat at self-selected slow, normal, and fast speeds. All assessments were performed on the dominant foot, and three satisfactory steps were obtained for each gait speed condition. The order of gait speeds was randomized. Results: In the flatfoot group, the contact area was higher in the midfoot, third metatarsal, and hallux at all speeds, also in the second metatarsal at slow and normal speeds than the normal foot posture group ( p < 0.05). The maximum force was higher in the midfoot and hallux at all speeds in the flatfoot group ( p < 0.05). Also, the maximum force was lower in the first metatarsal at normal and fast speeds, and in the lateral heel at fast speed ( p < 0.05). In the flatfoot group, the peak pressure was found to be higher in the hallux at slow speed, but to be lower in the first metatarsal at fast speed ( p < 0.05). Further, plantar pressure distribution was affected by gait speed in both feet. Conclusions: Analysis of plantar pressure variables should be performed at different gait speeds.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2020, 22, 3; 161--168
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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