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Wyszukujesz frazę "positron" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Slow positron beam at the JINR, Dubna
Autorzy:
Horodek, P.
Kobets, A. G.
Meshkov, I. N.
Sidorin, A. A.
Orlov, O. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron beam
positron injector
Opis:
The Low Energy Positron Toroidal Accumulator (LEPTA) at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) proposed for generation of positronium in flight has been adopted for positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). The positron injector generates continuous slow positron beam with positron energy range between 50 eV and 35 keV. The radioactive 22Na isotope is used. In distinction to popular tungsten foil, here the solid neon is used as moderator. It allows to obtain the beam intensity of about 105 e+/s width energy spectrum characterized by full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 3.4 eV and a tail to lower energies of about 30 eV. The paper covers the characteristic of variable energy positron beam at the LEPTA facility: parameters, the rule of moderation, scheme of injector, and transportation of positrons into the sample chamber. Recent status of the project and its development in the field of PAS is discussed. As an example, the measurement of the positron diffusion length in pure iron is demonstrated.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 725-728
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding electron-positron momentum densities in solids : effect of the positron distribution
Autorzy:
Rubaszek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic band structure
positron states
Opis:
The influence of the positron distribution on the electron-positron (e-p) momentum densities (MDs) is studied in terms of the l (l = s, p, d, f) character of the initial electronic state. The effect of the positron is discussed for momenta in the extended and reduced zone scheme on the example of Al (simple metal), Cu (metal with almost filled d shell), and Cr (transition metal). Present result indicates a weak sensitivity of the e-p MD inside the central Fermi surface to the positron charge density for the delocalized s and p electrons. In the case of d states, the effect of the positron on the relevant contribution to the e-p MD directly reflects the degree of localization of d electrons in the electron density of states.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 759-763
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of neoplastic therapy on the investigated blood using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, R.
Borbulak, S.
Szatanik, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
blood
positron annihilation
Opis:
The influence of neoplastic radiotherapy and chemotherapy was investigated using annihilation lifetime spectroscopy in blood types 0 Rh+ -AB Rh+. Changes in the parameters of the longest lived component of the spectrum were analyzed depending on the time between the moment of taking the blood sample from a patient and that of taking measurements, and also the time passing from the cessation of radio- and chemotherapy.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 199-202
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The implantation profile of positrons emitted in beta plus decay of 48V in water
Autorzy:
Dryzek, J.
Horodek, P.
Dryzek, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron implantation range in water
V-48 positron emitter
Opis:
The experimental technique based on scanning of positron implantation profile, hereafter referred to as the DSIP is used for the determination of linear absorption coefficient for positrons emitted from a 48V source into water. This coefficient is equal to 1/(299š62) mi m–1. The determined value is in agreement with the one obtained from the computer simulations using the well known EGS nrc 4.0 and GEANT4 codes. The experimental technique was used for the determination of linear absorption coefficients for 48V positrons in materials of biological origin. The presented data can be useful for PET studies because of similarities of the 18F and 48V positron implantation profiles.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 4; 223-226
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uniqueness of studies on electron densities in the extended momentum space
Autorzy:
Kontrym-Sznajd, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
electron-positron momentum densities
Compton scattering
extended momentum space
positron annihilation
Opis:
This work draws attention to the fact that by measuring electronic structure via angular correlation of positron radiation (ACAR) and Compton scattering experiments one probes electron densities in the extended momentum space, directly related to the electron Bloch wave functions. Presenting some examples of electron densities in the extended and reduced momentum spaces, it is demonstrated what kind of information concerning the electronic structure can be obtained depending on the considered space. It is also shown how the knowledge of the symmetry selection rules allows to separate various Fermi surfaces and establish Fermi momenta.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 203-206
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Porosimetric Method Based on the 3γ Annihilation Rate. Applications to Materials Science and Medical Imaging
Autorzy:
Jasińska, B.
Zgardzińska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
positron annihilation
positronium
3γ annihilation
porosity
positron emission tomography
medical imaging
Opis:
A new parameter δ based on 3γ annihilation is proposed. It describes the porosity of the materials containing small intermolecular voids below 1 nm. It can be applied to material investigation to compare changes in the material porosity depending on temperature or pressure as well as to study of ageing or manufacturing processes. Particularly it is dedicated to prepare the new imaging method and can be used during positron emission tomography diagnosis allowing determination the kind or stage of pathogenic alteration.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 5; 1616-1619
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron lifetime calculations for some elements on the base of the GGAPHNC approximation
Autorzy:
Boroński, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146330.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic structure
Opis:
In studies of several interesting materials by positron annihilation technique the theoretical values of positron lifetimes in bulk and defected elements are useful. These lifetimes are often calculated within the GGA approximation. In this approximation the results of Arponen and Pajanne calculations for the positron in an electron gas are used. It is known, however, that when using the LDA approximation for the calculations of positron lifetime in real metals, Arponen and Pajanne values yield worse agreement with experimental data than the results obtained on the basis of PHNC formalism. Therefore, in this paper the appropriate PHNC formulas are incorporated into the GGA approximation and the calculations have been performed for some metals: bulk as well as containing monovacancies. The comparison of the lifetimes found in this way to the ones based on the previous method is promising for the applicability of the new algorithm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 9-12
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Momentum distributions in positron annihilation with tightly bound electrons in Al
Autorzy:
Boroński, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148016.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic structure
Opis:
An approach based on Carbotte, Salvadori and Chiba two-body schemes for calculation of electron-positron (e-p) momentum densities ro(p) for core electrons in solids is developed. The approach allows to avoid such common approximations as the local density approximation (LDA) etc. in determination of ro(p) of deeper atomic shells and reduces the contribution to ro(p) for higher momenta. Thus, the final calculations of the Doppler spectra of annihilation radiation yield lower values for greater momenta than those obtained within the LDA scheme. The exemplary calculations for Al are presented.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 211-214
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some remarks on positron/positronium diffusion models
Autorzy:
Świątkowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
diffusion
diffusion length
positron
positronium
Opis:
Positrons thermalized near the sample boundary (as well as Ps atoms formed in the sample) can reach the boundary as a result of diffusive movement. Observations of such effects as positron reemission or positron surface trapping as well as positronium emission allow one to calculate respective diffusion lengths. From the presented analysis it follows that some models used in such calculations give quite wrong results.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48, 3; 141-144
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron-annihilation and photoluminescence studies of nanostructured ZrO2
Autorzy:
Fidelus, J. D.
Karbowski, A.
Mariazzi, S.
Brusa, R. S.
Karwasz, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
zirconia nanopowders
photoluminescence
Opis:
In the present work, photoluminescence and Doppler broadening depth-resolved positron annihilation spectroscopy was performed on pure zirconia nanopowders. Zirconia nanopowders were grown by a hydrothermal microwave-driven process followed by annealing in oxygen atmosphere. Photoluminescence under 274 nm wavelength excitation from a 150 W high-pressure Xe exhibits similar spectra, in the region from 320 to 820 nm, although its intensity depends on the annealing. Positron annihilation Doppler-broadening spectra show low values of the normalized S-parameter, varying little with the depth, from 0.495 on the surface to 0.47-0.49 in bulk. Both high the annealing temperature and oxygen concentrations, lead to low bulk S-values. The ortho-positronium (o-Ps) fraction is about 10-11% for all samples on the surface, whereas it is reduced to 7-8% in the bulk for samples annealed at 700°C and 5-6% for samples annealed at 800°C. Both photoluminescence (PL) and positron studies show the presence of defects in all samples. The o-Ps signal suggests a high porosity of samples, particularly at a depth down to 10 nm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 85-89
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron annihilation studies of mesoporous iron modified MCM-41 silica
Autorzy:
Wiertel, M.
Surowiec, Z.
Budzyński, M.
Gac, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
iron
MCM-41 silica mesoporous materials
N2 sorption
positron annihilation
positron lifetime spectra
Opis:
MCM-41 silica materials modified by iron incorporation in the stage of its synthesis were investigated. The aim of the studies was determination of the nature of iron species and the influence of its content on the structural changes of materials and following the changes of their properties. For this purpose, the N2 sorption/desorption method and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) were used. Disappearance of the longest-lived ortho-positronium (o-Ps) component (tau5) present in the PALS spectra of the initial MCM-41 material in the spectra of Fe-modified MCM-41 measured in vacuum is a result of a strong chemical o-Ps quenching and/or the Ps inhibition mechanism. Filling of pores by air or N2 at ambient pressure causes reappearance of the (tau5) component with lifetime shortened in comparison to that observed in vacuum for pure MCM-41 to the extent which can be explained by usual paramagnetic quenching in air. In contrary to the tendency observed for (tau5) lifetime which is practically independent of Fe content, the relevant intensity I5 monotonically decreases. This fact suggests that only inhibition of Ps formation occurs for the samples in air. Observed anti-quenching effect of air seems to be a result of competition of two processes : neutralization of surface active centres acting as inhibitors and considerably weaker paramagnetic quenching by O2 molecules.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 245-250
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of magnetic field on the corrosion of iron as studied by positron annihilation
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, R.
Szatanik, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
corrosion
magnetic field
positron annihilation
Opis:
Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples, the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 31-34
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of low temperature on the free volume in polyethylene by positron annihilation
Autorzy:
Osoba, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
polymers
free volume
Opis:
Positron lifetime measurements were performed as a function of temperature in thermo-shrunken, modified polyethylene. Mean volume of free volume cavities in the investigated polymer was estimated from the results of the measurements. This mean volume turned out to be a smooth function of temperature (from room temperature to 8.5 K). The effect of trapping of free electrons, produced during positron irradiation, was observed at lowered temperature.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 69-72
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of corrosion defects in titanium by positron annihilation
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, R.
Szatanik, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147338.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation spectroscopy
corrosion defects
Opis:
The positron annihilation method was used to study the formation of defects in titanium samples during their corrosion in the vapor of a 3% HCl solution. In particular, the distribution of defects depending on the distance from the corroding surface and the impact of an external magnetic fi eld on the concentration of vacancies forming during the corrosion of titanium layers close to the surface were determined.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 755-758
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron annihilation in precious and common opals
Autorzy:
Chojcan, J.
Sachanbiński, M.
Idczak, R.
Konieczny, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
opal-A
porosity
positron annihilation
Opis:
The nano-porosity structure of several non-crystalline opal samples of different origin was investigated with positronium atoms. The obtained data show that the structure depends on both the kind of opal (precious, common or hyalite) as well as the place of its creation (sedimentary or volcanic rocks). The sizes of the pores "seen" by positronium atoms are relatively small, not greater than about 1 nm for all studied samples which may suggest that the pores are located inside the silica matter from which the samples are made. Moreover, the pores detected in the "sedimentary" precious opals are smaller and have less diverse sizes than those found in 'sedimentary" common opals and "volcanic' precious opals.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 225-228
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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