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Tytuł:
Studies on the Effect of a Covalently Bonded PGN Based Reactive Plasticizer on the Thermal Decomposition Behaviour of Glycidyl Azide Polymer
Autorzy:
Bodaghi, Asghar
Shahidzadeh, Mansour
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358381.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
plasticizer
reactive plasticizer
glycidyl azide polymer
kinetic study
activation energy
Opis:
Plasticizers are one of the additives that are added to polymers to increase the plasticity or decrease the viscosity of the material. Here, we have synthesized and characterized a new PGN-based reactive energetic plasticizer that has an oligomeric structure. The reactive energetic plasticizer can be grafted onto glycidyl azide polymer via a Cu-free Huisgen azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The effect of the covalently bonded PGN-based plasticizer on the thermal properties of GAP-g-PGN copolymer has been investigated through thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicate that the glass transition temperature of the prepolymer is decreased from –47.8 to –50.7 °C. Also, the kinetics of the thermal behaviour of GAP-g-PGN copolymer was determined by the application of the Kissinger and FWO kinetic models. The activation energies calculated by the Kissinger method were 165 and 188 kJ/mol for peak 1 and peak 2, respectively. Furthermore, the critical temperature (Tb) of thermal explosion for this energetic copolymer was estimated to be 182 °C.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2019, 16, 2; 259-280
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of glycerol concentration as a plasticizer on edible films made from alginate towards its physical characteristic
Autorzy:
Khairunnisa, Salma
Junianto, Junianto
Zahidah, Zahidah
Rostini, Iis
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1161470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
alginate
edible film
glycerol
hydrocolloid
plasticizer
Opis:
This study aims to determine the effects of the addition of the best glycerol concentration as a plasticizer on edible film alginate for tensile strength test, thickness test, percent elongation, and transparency test. The research method used was experimental with a Completely Randomized Design consisting of five treatments and three replications. The treatment of the addition of glycerol concentration was 0.3% based on the volume of solution, 0.5% based on the volume of solution, 0.7% based on the volume of solution, 0.9% based on the volume of the solution, and 1.1% based on the volume of the solution. Observations on the physical characteristics of edible films include thickness, tensile strength, percent elongation, and transparency. The results of the study of physical characteristics of thickness, tensile strength, percent elongation, and transparency concluded that the addition of glycerol concentration in edible films as much as 0,9% was the best treatment based on Japanesse Industrial Standard (JIS) with an average value of 0,094 mm thickness, tensile strength 8,25 MPa, elongation percent value 10,83%, and transparency value is 1,86.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 112; 130-141
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis of Novel Plasticizers Based on Poly(ε-caprolactone) and a Consideration of Their Influence on Nitroglycerine Migration in Double Base Solid Propellants
Autorzy:
Abrishami, F.
Zarei, A.
Karegar, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
nitroglycerine
double base propellants
migration
ε-caprolactone
plasticizer
Opis:
The presence of nitroglycerine (NG) in double base propellants and its subsequent migration from the propellant towards the inhibitor has always been an important issue. This problem may be considerably reduced by exploiting the concept of the introduction of electron donor sites to the propellant formulation. Plasticizers based on ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) were synthesized and characterized, and their activities for absorbing nitroglycerine were investigated. According to the results, the order of NG absorption is: PCL-(OH)2 < PCL-(OH)3< PCL-(OH)4< H-PCL. The observed differences in the properties of the plasticizers is discussed in terms of structural considerations. The data also showed that the hyperbranched poly(ε-caprolactone) (H-PCL) has the greatest effect in decreasing NG migration. Furthermore, the activity of these plasticizers in decreasing NG migration was also investigated by IR analysis.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 1; 150-161
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Separation of lead(II) and copper(ii) by plasticizer membranes with sulphur ana-logus of phosphinic acids as carriers
Autorzy:
Kolodziejska, M.
Kozlowski, C.
Ulewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
plasticizer membranes
organophosphorous acids
lead(II)
copper(II)
Opis:
Investigation of selective removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from acidic nitrate aqueous solutions using transport across polymer inclusion membranes PIMs was performed. The sulphur analogus of phosphinic acids, i.e. bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)monothiophosphinic acid (1) and tert-butyl(phenyl)- phosphinothioic acid (2) as well as their mixture were incorporated into polymer inclusion membranes composed of cellulose triacetate as a support and o-nitrophenyl octyl ether as a plasticizer. In the experi-ments the transport of Cu(II) across PIM with 1 was rapid and complete, however the lead(II) removal increased with increased membrane saturation. Selective transport of Cu(II) over Pb(II) through PIMs with binary carrier system (1 + 2) was observed; the selectivity order was: Cu(II) >> Pb(II). At tempera-ture of 50C the selectivity coefficient Cu(II)/Pb(II) for membrane with binary carriers was the highest and was equal to 758.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2013, 49, 1; 267-276
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the rheological properties of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives
Autorzy:
Li, H.-X..
Wang, J-Y.
An, C.-W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
casting explosive
particle gradation
rheological properties
plasticizer
Opis:
The rheological properties of ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)/hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) casting explosives with different formulations were tested and analyzed. The effects of both the weight percentage (wt.%) of CL-20 and its particle size, as well as the type and content of plasticizers, on the rheological properties of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives were investigated in detail. The results show that the viscosity and pseudoplasticity of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives increase with increasing wt.% of CL-20 and decreasing particle size. The gradation of CL-20 particle size also affects the rheological properties of the casting explosives. When the mixing ratio of 30 μm to 2 μm particles is 3:1, the viscosity reaches its lowest value and the non-Newtonian index reaches the maximum value of 0.5698. The viscosity, non-Newtonian index and impact sensitivity of the samples studied are clearly decreased by the addition of dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOS) or dibutyl phthalate (DBP). However, the three plasticizers do not appear to affect the thermal decomposition of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives. With respect to the rheological properties, mechanical properties and sensitivity, DOA is the optimum plasticizer to use in CL-20/HTPB casting explosives.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 2; 237-255
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis of a novel environmental friendly plasticizer based on tung oil fatty acid for poly (vinyl chloride) blends
Autorzy:
Tong, H.
Hai, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Synthesis
plasticizer
migration resistance
poly (vinyl chloride)
Opis:
A novel environmental friendly plasticizer (TPE) derived from tung oil fatty acid with long fatty acid chain and high degree of branching was synthesized. Chemical structure of the obtained TPE was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and  1H NMR. TPE was used to prepare plasticized PVC blends as main plasticizer. Thermal stability, mechanical properties and migration resistance of poly (vinyl chloride) plasticized with TPE were investigated. The results showed that torque data of plasticized PVC blends reached 12.4 N·m when the mass of the TPE was 50 wt.%. TPE improved the thermal stability of PVC blends obviously than dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The leaching tests showed that PVC plasticized with TPE were with higher migration resistance than that of DOP. The excellent thermal stability and high migration resistance of PVC blends showed high application value for TPE.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2018, 20, 2; 92-97
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel biobased polyester plasticizer prepared from palm oil and its plasticizing effect on poly (vinyl chloride)
Autorzy:
Jia, P.
Zhang, M.
Hu, L.
Zhou, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
palm oil
polyester
plasticizer
polyvinyl chloride
blend
Opis:
In this study, palm oil was the first time to convert into a novel polyester plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In the first stage, palm oil was converted into palm oil monoglyceride (POM) by alcoholysis with glycerol. Next, a novel palm oil monoglycerides based polyester plasticizer (POMP) was synthesized from POM and maleic anhydride through esterification and condensation reaction. The structure of POMP was characterized with FTIR, 1H NMR and GPC. Then PVC blends were prepared using POMP as a plasticizer, melting behavior, thermal property, compatibility, mechanical properties and mechanism of plasticization of PVC blends were systematically studied. Melting behavior indicated that POMP could decrease the torque and the melt viscosity of PVC blends that was conducive to process. With the content of POMP increasing from 5 g to 15 g in PVC blends, the plasticized PVC blends demonstrated better compatibility, the degradation temperature (Td) increased from 252.6°C to 257.0°C, the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased from 55°C to 49.5°C. Plasticization was put into effect by interaction of the electron cloud between the PVC chain and POMP molecule. This study may lead to the development of new type of PVC plasticizer based on vegetable oil.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2016, 18, 1; 9-14
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on the properties of suspensive polyvinyl chloride grains separated blowing away from fluid bed
Autorzy:
Wąsicki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/346987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej
Tematy:
suspensive polyvinyl chloride
grain size
plasticizer absorptivity
thermal stability
Opis:
The studies on properties of polyvinyl chloride grains separated by blowing them away from a fluid bed at three air flow rates have been carried out. Seven trade batches of PVC obtained by suspensive method have been tested. Fikentscher number, thermal stability, plasticizer absorptivity, swelling in plasticizer as well as mixing with plasticizer have been determined. The differences in grain structure in the individual fractions were found in all the batches under study. These differences affect polyvinyl chloride properties (mainly swelling), plasticizer absorptivity and thermal stability.
Źródło:
Ars Separatoria Acta; 2002, 1; 149-159
1731-6340
Pojawia się w:
Ars Separatoria Acta
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selective removal of Ag(I) and Cu(II) by plasticizer membranes with n-(diethylthiophosphoryl)-aza[18]crown-6 as a carrier
Autorzy:
Kolodziejska, M.
Kozlowski, C.
Kozlowska, J.
Ulewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110729.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
plasticizer membranes
lariat ether
separation
silver(I)
copper(II)
Opis:
The competitive transport of equimolar mixtures of Ag(I) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous source phase (cMe = 0.001 mol/dm3) across polymer inclusion membranes PIMs with N-(diethylthiophosphoryl)aza[18]crown-6 as ion carriers, was studied. The influence of pH of source phase and metal concentration on an efficiency of silver(I) transport through polymer inclusion membranes containing cellulose triacetate as the support and o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether as the plasticizer was studied. The transport selectivity order for the PIM with N-(diethylthiophosphoryl)-aza[18]crown-6 was: Ag(I) >> Cu(II). The metal cations transport rate can be explained by size and nature of substituent in lariat ether molecule, which prefer formation of Ag(I) complex in the membrane phase.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2014, 50, 1; 237-247
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Peculiarities of hydration processes of cements containing natural zeolite
Autorzy:
Sobol, K.
Markiv, T.
Terlyha, V.
Franus, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391077.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
blended cement
natural zeolite
hydration
microstructure
pozzolanic activity
plasticizer
Opis:
In this study, properties and peculiarities of hydration processes as well as paste microstructure of blended cements containing 10% by weight of natural zeolite were investigated. Free calcium hydroxide content, crystalline hydration products and microstructural architecture of hydrated cement pastes were examined by physical and chemical methods. It was found that the addition of natural zeolite provides formation of an extra amount of fine crystalline ettringite and tobermorite-like calcium hydrosilicates of CSH (B) type in the mineral non-clinker part of Portland cement resulting in strength synthesis of cement stone with high performance properties.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Architektura; 2015, 14, 1; 105-113
1899-0665
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Architektura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis of a polyester plasticizer from rubber seed oil for polyvinyl chloride
Autorzy:
Li, Huabei
Wang, Xiaolin
Chu, Hongying
Yao, Xinding
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174833.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
rubber seed oil
polyester
polyvinyl chloride
plasticizer
leaching test
Opis:
A polyester plasticizer (RSOP) for polyvinyl chloride based on rubber seed oil (RSO) was synthesized. Firstly, RSO monoglyceride were synthesized by the transesterifi cation of RSO with glycerol at 220–240 °C. Secondly, RSOP was synthesized from RSO monoglyceride and adipic acid by esterification. The polyester plasticizer was characterized by GPC, FT-IR, 1H NMR and DSC. Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials with RSOP and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) in varying ratios were prepared via thermal melting process, RSOP was used as a second plasticizer. The properties of the plasticized PVC materials were characterized by a universal testing machine, TGA, DMA and solvent extraction resistance. The obtained PVC materials showed improved thermal stability and lower glass transition temperature than PVC. Solvent extraction resistance and plasticization of plasticized PVC were also improved. This study provides a new strategy for preparing bio-based polyester plasticizer from RSO.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2022, 24, 4; 1--6
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Composite Propellant Formulation of Poly (16-, 32- and 64-) Azido Dendritic Esters as Energetic Plasticizer and Evaluation of Properties
Autorzy:
Yamajala, Kanaka Durga Bhaskar
Singh, Hema
Kurva, Ramesh
Maurya, Mehilal
Banerjee, Shaibal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1062788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
azido dendrimers
energetic plasticizer
composite propellant
burning rate
Opis:
16-, 32- and 64-Polyazido hyperbranched dendrimers were synthesized from hydroxy terminated dendritic ester by following two steps namely, tosylation and azidation. The poly azido dendrimers were incorporated in composite propellant formulations as an energetic plasticizer. The physical, thermal sensitivity and ballistic properties of these composite propellants such as burning rate, Cal-val, density, ignition/decomposition temperature (AET), DSC-TGA, mechanical properties, impact and friction sensitivity were evaluated experimentally while the specific impulse (Isp) and characteristic velocity (C*) were obtained theoretically. A significant enhancement in heat release was noted in the propellant formulation having 16-azido dendritic ester as an energetic plasticizer compared to 32- and 64-azido dendritic esters and a reference composition.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2020, 17, 4; 506-522
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Edible Film from Seaweed Flour (Eucheuma cottonii Weber-van Bosse, 1913) with Different Types of Plasticizer
Autorzy:
Ramadhani, Farah Syifa
Rostini, Iis
Anna, Zuzy
Rochima, Emma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1062732.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Eucheuma cottonii
edible film
glycerol
plasticizer
seaweed flour
sorbitol
Opis:
This study aims to determine the characteristics of edible film from seaweed flour (Eucheuma cottonii) with different types of plasticizer and to know the best type of plasticizer between sorbitol and glycerol in the manufacture of edible films. This research was conducted at the laboratory of Fisheries Products Processing, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, starting from 11 February 2019 – 28 February 2019. Edible films were tested namely edible film in four treatments and three replications with the addition of glycerol plasticizer 0.5%, glycerol 1.2%, and sorbitol plasticizer 0.5%. The characteristics of edible films observed were thickness, tensile strength, elongation, and transparency. The best edible film results are in the treatment of the addition of plasticizer 0.5% glycerol which is seen from the thickness parameter values of 0.029 mm, tensile strength of 7.51 MPa, percent elongation (elongation) 18.3%, and transparency value of edible film 64.02%. However, amongst the average values fulfilling the JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) there are tensile strength and percent elongation (elongation) only.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 133; 23-33
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie procesu ekstrakcji wysokoaromatycznych surowców naftowych z zastosowaniem współrozpuszczalnika
Study on extraction process of high aromatic oils using co-solven
Autorzy:
Antosz, Artur
Ptak, Stefan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
ekstrakcja rozpuszczalnikowa
współrozpuszczalnik
plastyfikator
solvent extraction
co-solvent
plasticizer
Opis:
Obecnie jedną z najpopularniejszych metod wytwarzania plastyfikatora TDAE do kauczuków i gumy jest metoda bazująca na procesie rafinacji ekstraktów naftowych furfurolem. Proces ten zapewnia obniżenie w ekstraktach zawartości rakotwórczych wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WWA) do wymaganego poziomu. Technologia produkcji plastyfikatora sprawiała liczne problemy w warunkach przemysłowych związane z koniecznością prowadzenia procesu w niskich temperaturach, co powoduje utrudnienia w przebiegu wymiany masy w kolumnie ekstrakcyjnej w związku z wysoką lepkością przerabianego surowca w niskich temperaturach. Konieczność użycia niższych temperatur w trakcie procesu rafinacji wysokoaromatycznych frakcji wynika z ich charakterystyki rozpuszczalności w furfurolu, oznaczanej na podstawie krytycznej temperatury rozpuszczalności. W artykule zostały przedstawione badania nad wpływem zastosowania współrozpuszczalnika w procesie rafinacji wysokoaromatycznych surowców naftowych na jakość uzyskanych plastyfikatorów oraz możliwość prowadzenia procesu w wyższych temperaturach, zbliżonych do temperatur pracy kolumny podczas ekstrakcji klasycznych frakcji próżniowych. Potwierdzono korzystny wpływ dodatku współrozpuszczalnika na wydajność procesu oraz zwiększenie selektywności ekstrakcji. Badania nad procesem ekstrakcji rozpuszczalnikowej prowadzono na dwóch surowcach charakteryzujących się różnymi lepkościami przy zastosowaniu jako współrozpuszczalnika formamidu w stężeniach 5% i 7,5%. Wykonano również proces ekstrakcji bez współudziału formamidu, służący jako proces odniesienia dla porównania wydajności i jakości otrzymanych rafinatów. W badaniach technologicznych wykorzystano stanowiska wielkolaboratoryjne umożliwiające prowadzenie procesów rafinacji rozpuszczalnikowej, symulującej proces przemysłowy stosowany na bloku olejowym w rafinerii naftowej. W próbach rafinacji rozpuszczalnikowej poszczególnych ekstraktów zastosowano parametry technologiczne dostosowane do wyznaczonych temperatur krytycznych rozpuszczalności dla danych układów. Uzyskane wyniki temperatur krytycznych wskazują na istotny wpływ udziału współrozpuszczalnika na oznaczony wynik temperatury krytycznej dla danego układu. Próbki otrzymanych rafinatów zostały poddane ocenie właściwości fizykochemicznych w zakresie wymaganym dla plastyfikatora TDAE. Wraz z większym udziałem formamidu poprawie ulegały oznaczane w rafinatach kluczowe właściwości fizykochemiczne z punktu widzenia wymagań wobec plastyfikatorów, wzrastała lepkość, gęstość, współczynnik załamania światła oraz zawartość węgla w strukturach CA. Wszystkie procesy rafinacji pozwoliły na obniżenie zawartości WWA poniżej 3% (m/m). Najlepsze efekty w tym zakresie dał proces R1390 przy udziale współrozpuszczalnika w ilości 7,5% (m/m), ponieważ obniżając poziom WWA, nie spowodował gwałtowanego spadku zawartości atomów węgla w strukturach aromatycznych. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły na potwierdzenie korzystnego wpływu zastosowania współrozpuszczalnika w procesie rafinacji wysokoaromatycznych surowców naftowych na jakość uzyskanych plastyfikatorów TDAE. Rafinacja z udziałem współrozpuszczalnika zgodnie z założoną koncepcją projektu pozwoliła na wyeliminowanie problemów związanych z prowadzeniem tego procesu w niskich temperaturach. Zaobserwowano również duży wpływ dodatku współrozpuszczalnika na wydajność uzyskiwanych plastyfikatorów w trakcie ekstrakcji rozpuszczalnikowej.
Currently, one of the most popular methods of producing TDAE plasticizer for latex and rubber is the method based on furfural refining of petroleum extracts. This process ensures reduction of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content in extracts to the required level. The technology of plasticizer production caused numerous problems in industrial conditions related to the necessity of conducting the process at low temperatures, which impedes the mass exchange process in the extraction column due to high viscosity of the processed raw material at low temperatures. The necessity of using lower temperatures during the refining process of highly aromatic fractions results from their solubility characteristics in furfural determined on the basis of the critical solubility temperature. The paper presents research on the influence of the use of co-solvent in the refining process of highly aromatic crude oils on the quality of plasticizers obtained and the possibility of conducting the process at higher temperatures, similar to those of the column during extraction of classical vacuum fractions. The beneficial effect of co-solvent addition on process efficiency and increased extraction selectivity was confirmed. Studies on the solvent extraction process were conducted on two raw materials characterized by different viscosities, using formamide as a cosolvent at concentrations of 5% and 7.5%. An extraction process without formamide co-solvent was also performed and served as a reference process to compare the yield and quality of the obtained raffinates. In the technological studies, large-scale laboratory workstations were used to carry out solvent refining processes, simulating the industrial process used in an oil block in a petroleum refinery. For solvent refining of individual extracts, technological parameters adjusted to the determined critical temperatures of solubility for given systems were used. The obtained critical temperature results indicate a significant influence of the co-solvent proportion on the determined critical temperature result for a given system. The samples of the obtained raffinates were subjected to physicochemical properties evaluation within the range required for the TDAE plasticizer. With a higher proportion of formamide, the key physicochemical properties determined in the raffinates from the point of view of plasticizer requirements improved. Viscosity, density, refractive index and carbon content in CA structures increased. All refining processes allowed to decrease PAH content below 3% (m/m). The R1390 process with 7.5% (m/m) of co- -solvent gave the best results in this respect as it did not cause a sharp decrease in carbon atoms content in aromatic structures while lowering PAHs level. The studies carried out confirmed the beneficial influence of the co-solvent application in the refining process of highly aromatic petroleum raw materials on the quality of the obtained TDAE plasticizers. The refining process with the use of co-solvent allowed, in line with the project concept, to eliminate the problems associated with conducting the process at low temperatures. A considerable effect of cosolvent addition on the yield of obtained plasticizers during solvent extraction was also observed.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2021, 77, 10; 692-703
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis and properties of chlorine and phosphorus containing rubber seed oil as a second plasticizer for flame retardant polyvinyl chloride materials
Autorzy:
Li, Huabei
Wang, Xiaolin
Yao, Xinding
Chu, Hongying
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Flame retardant Plasticizer
Rubber seed oil
Polyvinyl chloride
Flame retardant performance
Opis:
The synthesis of multifunctional plasticizer using rubber seed oil can increase its added value and expand the application field of plasticized products. Recent studies on bio-based plasticizers focus on bio-based raw materials but products lack functionality. In this study, flame retardant phosphate and chlorine were introduced into the chemical structure of rubber seed oil to synthesis a nitrogen and phosphorus synergistic flame retardant plasticizer based on rubber seed oil(NPFP) and apply it to plasticize polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Thermal stability, limiting oxygen index, plasticizing property, solvent extraction resistance, and microstructure of plasticized PVC materials were characterized. The results showed that NPFP with excellent solvent extraction resistance can significantly enhance the limiting oxygen index and thermal stability of plasticized PVC materials, and can partially replace dioctyl phthalate(DOP) as multifunctional auxiliary plasticizer.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2023, 25, 2; 36--42
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36

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