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Tytuł:
Pollination of Polish red list plants: a preliminary statistical survey
Biologia zapylania roslin z Polskiej czerwonej listy: wstepna analiza statystyczna
Autorzy:
Zych, M
Jakubiec, A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
conservation
Polish red list
biodiversity
plant-pollination interaction
pollination crisis
plant
statistical analysis
Opis:
One of the important problems of modern conservation biology is the lack of reliable data on plant pollination systems, especially for taxa threatened with extinction. This paper is an attempt to collect and analyze the available literature data on pollination of Polish red list plants. The Polish red list includes 469 angiosperm taxa, over 53% of them are insect-pollinated and visited mostly by bees and fl ies, insects that are also declining in Europe. These numbers however are mainly based on lists of fl ower visitors and detailed studies of pollination biology or breeding system are available for less than 20% of the taxa, with further 10% almost completely unstudied in terms of their life histories. The paper indicates that there is an urgent need to study plant-pollinator relationships in order to better conserve the biodiversity in local and global scales.
Jednym z poważniejszych problemów współczesnej ochrony przyrody jest brak informacji o systemach zapylania roślin, zwłaszcza gatunków zagrożonych wyginięciem. Niniejsza praca jest próbą zebrania i przeglądu dostępnych danych literaturowych dotyczących biologii zapylania roślin z Polskiej czerwonej listy. Wyniki analizy wskazują, iż spośród 469 taksonów roślin okrytonasiennych umieszczonych na liście, 53% to gatunki owadopylne, zapylane głównie przez pszczołowate i muchówki – owady także zagrożone w skali Europy. Przegląd literatury wskazuje także, że dane te oparte są głównie na opublikowanych listach kwiatowych gości, a dokładne badania biologii zapylania lub systemów reprodukcyjnych są dostępne dla mniej niż 20% badanych taksonów – dla dalszych 10% taksonów brakuje jakichkolwiek informacji w tej dziedzinie. Praca wskazuje potrzebę głębszego zbadania zależności rośliny- zapylacze w celu lepszej ochrony ich zróżnicowania w skali lokalnej i globalnej.
Źródło:
Acta Agrobotanica; 2008, 61, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrobotanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Arbuscular mycorrhiza of endemic and endangered plants from the Tatra Mts
Autorzy:
Zubek, S
Turnau, K.
Blaszkowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
conservation
endemic plant
Tatras Mountains
mycorrhizal status
endangered plant
botany
arbuscular mycorrhiza
plant species
Opis:
The mycorrhizal status of 24 plant species considered as endemic, endangered in Poland and included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants is reported. Selected plants and rhizosphere soil samples were collected in the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians). Individuals of seriously threatened taxa were obtained from seeds and inoculated with available AM fungal strains under laboratory conditions. AM colonisation was found in 16 plants; 9 species were of the Arum-type, 4 - Paris and 3 taxa revealed intermediate morphology. The mycelium of the fine endophyte (Glomus tenue) and dark septate fungi (DSE) were observed in the material collected in the field. 20 AMF species (Glomeromycota) found in the rhizosphere of the investigated plants were reported for the first time from the Tatra Mts. The results provide information that might be useful for conservation and restoration programmes of these species. Application of AMF in active plant protection projects is discussed.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2008, 77, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In vitro callus and shoot organogenesis from leaf and stem explants of Chamaedaphne calyculata
Autorzy:
Zrobek-Sokolnik, A.
Dynowski, P.
Holdynski, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
in vitro culture
callus
shoot
organogenesis
leaf
stem
explant
Chamaedaphne calyculata
Ericaceae
micropropagation
plant species
plant conservation
Opis:
Leatherleaf Chamaedaphne calyculata (L) Moench is a relict, rare and endangered species in Poland. There are no reports on the micropropagation of Chamaedaphne calyculata in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to propose a propagation protocol for leatherleaf via indirect organogenesis using leaves and stems (internodal segments) derived from mature plants growing in a natural stand and from plants grown in vitro as explants. The medium developed by Anthony et al. (2004) with 100%, 50% and 25% salt concentrations, supplemented with IAA (5 and 10μM) and TDZ (5 and 10μM), was used for callus development and the induction of adventitious shoots. The media developed by Anthony et al. (2004) and Anderson (1980), both containing 10μM TDZ and 5μM IAA or 2.28μM zeatin, were used for adventitious shoot elongation. Secondary explants proved to be the most effective starting material for callus induction, the regeneration and elongation of adventitious shoots. The most supportive medium for callus induction and growth and the induction of adventitious shoots was the full medium proposed by Anthony et al. (2004) containing 5μM IAA and 10μM TDZ. Anderson’s (1980) medium containing 2.28μM zeatin delivered optimal results in the elongation of adventitious shoots of Ch. calyculata. Roots were cultivated on Anderson’s (1980) phytohormone-free medium. Approximately 65% of the plantlets survived after transfer to the sphagnum-peat and perlite mixture (3:1). The plants grew normally without any signs of morphological variation. This study makes the first ever attempt to propose an effective micropropagation protocol for Ch. calyculata.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2014, 72
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic variation of the relict and endangered population of Chamaedaphne calyculata (Ericaceae) in Poland
Autorzy:
Szczecinska, M
Sawicki, J.
Wasowicz, K.
Holdynski, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41179.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
plant species
rare species
Polska
endangered population
relict population
genetic variation
Chamaedaphne calyculata
Ericaceae
genetic diversity
conservation
geographic distribution
Opis:
Chamaedaphne calyculata is rare and endangerded species of Polish flora. The genetic variation within and among ten polish population of leatherleaf was analysed by ISSR and ISJ markers. The analysis revealed a total of 160loci with an average of 13.3 bands per primer. We expected a low level of genetic diversity of this narrowly distributed species in Poland, but our results indicate that Ch. calyculata revealed a high level of genetic diversity at species level (P=88.7%of polymorphic loci, AE=1.468, HE=0.290). At the population level, the variation of Ch. calyculata was significantly lower (P=27.6%, AE=1.140, HE=0.098). There was significant correlation between ecological properties (population size; number of flowering ramets) and genetic diversity parameters. Analysis of molecular variance showed that most of variation (62%) in Ch. calyculata occurred among population. Gene flow (Nm) between the ten studied populations, determined based on the GST index, was very low at 0.239. It indicated that the fragmentation and isolation of populations might result from specific evolutionary history of this plant and postglacial recolonization
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 62; 23-33
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variability of needle characters of Pinus mugo Turra populations in the Karkonosze Mountains in Poland
Autorzy:
Sobierajska, K
Boratynska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41473.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
Polska
Karkonosze Mountains
mountain pine
subalpine plant
Pinus mugo
needle variability
morphological characteristics
anatomical characteristics
plant variation
plant conservation
plant population
Opis:
The basic aim of the work was to widen the knowledge about variation of Pinus mugo in the Karkonosze (Giant) Mountains and verification of provenance of several, probably planted populations on that basis. Seven populations were sampled, four on hardly accessible precipices of glacial cirques as natural, and three on the topical, mostly plane or only slightly in clined parts of the mountains as potentially alien ones. The variation of the needles was biometrically analyzed in respect of 23 morphological and anatomical characters. Measurement data were subject of multivariate statistical analyses. Results call attention on rather continuous variability of P. mugo in the Karkonosze Mts. The differences among samples were found as relatively low and no direct connections have been detected between variation and provenance from precipices versus plane sites.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2008, 59; 41-49
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chorological and conservation status of the endemic cypress, Cupressus atlantica Gaussen, in the High Atlas (Morocco)
Autorzy:
Sekiewicz, K.
Sekiewicz, M.
Romo, A.
Didukh, Y.
Fennane, M.
Boratynski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
chorology
conservation status
endemic plant
cypress
Cupressus atlantica
Cupressaceae
forest ecosystem
degraded ecosystem
High Atlas Mountains
plant conservation
plant geography
Morocco
Opis:
We present a study of the distribution, ecology and conservation status of Cupressus atlantica, an endemic tree of the High Atlas (Morocco). The main populations of this species grow in a reduced area along the N’Fiss valley in the Central High Atlas and are gradually receding. Particular populations are increasingly fragmented and the total area covered by the cypress woodland has decreased to less than a third of the surface occupied in the 1930s. Overgrazing reduces the woodlands’ regenerative capacity, and the exploitation of the wood, linked to traditional uses by the rural society of the N’Fiss valley, directly reduces the number of trees. Great efforts being made to protect the species by the Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forêts are having some effect in recent years.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Autovegetative reproduction in conservation and selective cultivation of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst of Istebna race
Autorzy:
Rylski, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
autovegetative reproduction
plant reproduction
conservation
selective cultivation
Norway spruce
Picea abies
forest tree
rooting experiment
cutting
progeny
Opis:
The paper discusses the results of rooting experiments conducted with the cuttings obtained from 8-year-old spruce trees of Istebna race. The studies investigated the effects of endogenous factors, such as the place of extraction, length and origin of cuttings, and an exogenous factor, which is a rooting stimulus.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2004, 51 Supplement
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Taxus baccata in Morocco: a tree in regression in its southern extreme
Autorzy:
Romo, Angel
Iszkuło, Grzegorz
Taleb, Mohammed Seghir
Walas, Łukasz
Boratyński, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956808.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
dakhs
ecology
forestry
phytogeography
plant conservation
niche modelling
Opis:
The knowledge on chorology of species is basic for biogeographic and ecological studies and for conservation actions. The data on the chorology of Taxus baccata in Morocco have not been studied. The bibliographic resources, herbarium material, unpublished data of several botanists and the authors’ field notes have been reviewed. Two yew populations on Jbel Lakrâa in the Rif and near Bekrit in the Middle Atlas were measured to verify demographic structure and health conditions. The Maxent model of predicted habitat based on bioclimatic variables was used to evaluate the potential geographic range of T. baccata. The species occurs in the mountain areas of northern Morocco: in the Rif, the Middle and High Atlas, at altitudes between (500) 1200 and 2000 (2350) m. In the High Atlas, it reaches its southernmost locations within the geographic range. The populations represented by the highest number of individuals are found in the Western Rif and Middle Atlas, while from the High Atlas only single, isolated individuals are known. The yew occurred preferably in forests of Cedrus atlantica, Abies maroccana, groves of Betula fontqueri, Ilex aquifolium and Prunus lusitanica and in riparian forests located in narrow gorges. Seedlings were observed only at single localities. The population of T. baccata in the Rif presented a good health condition with successful regeneration, while the population in the Middle Atlas was in a much worse state, where only 4–8 m high yews were observed, without natural regeneration. The Maxent model of predicted habitat, based on bioclimatic variables, suggests that T. baccata could occur today in much broader mountainous areas in Morocco, especially in the Rif and Middle Atlas. However, the progressive decline of this species in Morocco indicates the significant importance of other factors on yew distribution, including microsite conditions and human pressure. Taxus baccata in Morocco is in regression at most of its localities and should be treated as a vulnerable species. Measures to ensure the yew’s conservation are needed, especially at its southernmost localities in the High Atlas.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2017, 78; 63-74
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of after-crop plant mulch and onion cultivation on microorganism composition in soil
Wpływ mulczu roślin poplonowych i uprawy cebuli na skład mikroorganizmów w glebie
Autorzy:
Pięta, D.
Kęsik, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11541676.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
after-crop plant mulch
onion
plant cultivation
microorganism composition
soil microorganism
antagonistic bacteria
antagonistic fungi
pathogenic fungi
conservation tillage
spring rye
vetch
Bacillus
Pseudomonas
Gliocladium
Trichoderma
Alternaria alternata
Fusarium culmorum
Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium solani
Penicillium
Pythium irregulare
bacteria
fungi
Opis:
The aim of the research was to determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of the communities of fungi and bacteria formed in the soil under the influence of onion cultivation, with consideration to various options of conserving cultivation, using spring rye and common vetch as after-crop cover plants. Moreover, in the laboratory tests, the occurrence of microorganisms characterizing by an antagonistic influence on pathogenic fungi with a facultative parasiting was established. As a result of the laboratory microbiological analysis it was found out that particular soil samples taken from under the cultivation of onion differed with the qualitative and quantitative composition of microorganisms. Spring rye stimulated the growth and development of microorganisms, especially antagonistic ones (Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Gliocladium spp., Trichoderma spp.), and common vetch caused an increase of the number of cfu of pathogens (Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Penicillium spp., Pythium irregulare).
Celem badań było określenie składu ilościowego i jakościowego zbiorowisk grzybów i bakterii ukształtowanych w glebie pod wpływem uprawy konserwującej z wykorzystaniem żyta jarego i wyki siewnej jako poplonowych roślin okrywowych. Ponadto w testach laboratoryjnych ustalono występowanie mikroorganizmów wyróżniających się antagonistycznym oddziaływaniem na grzyby patogeniczne o fakultatywnym pasożytnictwie. Wyniki laboratoryjnej analizy mikrobiologicznej wykazały, że poszczególne próby gleby spod uprawy cebuli zawierały różny skład ilościowy i jakościowy zbiorowisk mikroorganizmów. Żyto jare stymulowało wzrost i rozwój mikroorganizmów, szczególnie antagonistycznych (Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Gliocladium spp., Trichoderma spp.), a wyka siewna powodowała wzrost liczby jtk patogenów (Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Penicillium spp., Pythium irregulare).
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2008, 07, 3; 65-75
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Baeothryon alpinum (L.) T.V. Egorova (Cyperaceae) in the Polish Lowlands: distribution, population decrease and implications for conservation
Autorzy:
Pawlikowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
Baeothryon alpinum
Cyperaceae
Polish Lowland
plant distribution
plant population
plant conservation
threatened plant
locality
Opis:
A total of 47 localities of Baeothryon alpinum, hosting population of more than 100 000 shoots, were recorded in the lowland part of Poland during field surveys in the years 2003-2009. Among them were 25 populations discovered for the first time. Out of 57 sites of the species known from literature and unpublished (including herbarium) sources, 35 were not confirmed during the survey, 27 of them being definitely extinct. B. alpinum shows a clear pattern of distribution in Poland, with three main areas of occurrence: 1) the north-easternmost Poland (Lithuanian Lake District with the adjacent parts of the Masurian Lake District and the upper Biebrza river valley in North Podlasie Lowlands), which is part of the species boreal main range; 2) scattered localities in north-western Poland; 3) mountain mires at higher altitudes in the Sudetes and Tatra mountains and the adjacent part of southern Poland. The main aggregation of localities is found in Augustów Forest (including the Sejny Lakeland and Wigry National Park), and in the Góry Sudawskie region with adjacent areas. The biggest Polish population in the "Kobyla Biel" fen near Augustów consisted of several dozens of thousands of shoots. The Lithuanian Lake District is an area of general importance for the conservation of B. alpinum in Poland. The species is threatened, first of all, due to secondary succession (mires overgrowing with shrubs, trees and reed) and requires conservation measures as well as establishing nature reserves in places where it occurs. The degree that B. alpinum decreases in number is strikingly different in particular regions of Poland - it has lost most of its localities in north-western Poland and in Masurian Lake District, while in the Lithuanian Lake District and the upper Biebrza valley there are minor losses only. Depending on the region (from the west to the east and from the south-west to the north-east), the species should be given extinct or critically endangered (regions of north-western and southern Poland), endangered (Masurian Lake District), vulnerable (North Podlasie Lowlands) and near threatened (Lithuanian lake District) status. Although the disappearance of the populations beyond the species main range is a common phenomenon, the presented pattern is man-related and connected with differences in land management.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2010, 79, 3
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abies semenovii in North West Russia: taxonomy, ecology, cultivation and conservation
Autorzy:
Orlova, L.
Firsov, G.
Egorov, A.
Volchanskaya, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
Abies semenovii
rare species
Russia
taxonomy
ecology
plant cultivation
conservation
morphology
botanical garden
Red Data Book
Saint-Petersburg city
Opis:
Semenov’s Fir (Abies semenovii B. Fedtsch.) is an extremely rare species in the wild and is included in the International Red List of Conifers and into the Red Data Books of the former USSR and Kyrgyz Republic. Our investigation confirms that this is an independent species, related but not identical to Abies sibirica Ledeb. It has been cultivated at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science(s), St.Petersburg, since 1949. Apparently, it was here that Semenov’s Fir was first introduced into cultivation in European gardens. It has produced seeds since 2000, when it was less than 43 years old. It is a hardy and ornamental tree that deserves wider distribution in cultivation in the gardens and parks of North-West Russia. It is proposed that Semenov’s Fir should be given independent taxonomic status as a separate species, Abies semenovii B. Fedtsch.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2016, 75
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Distribution, ecology and conservation status of Dionysia involucrata Zaprjag., an endangered endemic of Hissar Mts (Tajikistan, Middle Asia)
Autorzy:
Nowak, A.S.
Nobis, M.
Nowak, S.
Nobis, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
plant distribution
plant ecology
conservation status
Dionysia involucrata
endangered species
endemic species
vegetation
chasmophyte
petrophyte
phytosociology
syntaxonomy
Hissar Mountains
Tajikistan
Asia
Opis:
Dionysia involucrata Zaprjag. (Primulaceae) is known as critically endangered endemic species of Hissar Mountains in Tajikistan. It is reported from few localities mainly in Varzob River valley and its tributaries. The species inhabits steep or overhanging faces of granite rocks in narrow river gorges. During the research all known populations of D. involucrata were examined in respect of the habitat conditions and species composition of vegetation plots. We analyzed the population extent of the species in its range in Tajikistan and the main threats in order to assess its conservation status. The detrended correspondence analysis was performed on a matrix of 65 relevés and 49 species (vascular plants and mosses), to classify the phytocoenosis with domination of D. involucrata according to their floristic composition in relation to other petrophytic vegetation units. Using our field data regarding present extent of occurrence and area of occupancy we conclude that the threat category of D. involucrata should be reassessed from critically endangered to endangered. The species shows decline tendency in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy as well as in number of locations. The vegetation plots with domination of D. involucrata have relatively high level of separateness due to different species composition. We define the new association – Dionysietum involucratae – representing chasmophytic vegetation of submontane and montane zone in Middle Asia (ca. 1000–1600 m a.s.l.). The plots of Dionysietum involucratae were found mainly on granite rocks, on very steep or overhanging faces, on southwestern or southern exposition. The association is rather poor in species with inconsiderable contribution of mosses. Despite the diagnostic species, Campanula incanescens, Carex koshewnikowii and Scutellaria hissarica were the most abundant and frequent taxa within the researched patches of vegetation.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2014, 83, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of organic cultivation of medicinal plants in the North India
Rozwój ekologicznej uprawy roślin leczniczych w północnych Indiach
Autorzy:
Malik, A.A.
Ahmad, J.
Abdin, M.Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/71786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
Tematy:
organic cultivation
development
medicinal plant
herbal drug
herbal medicine
traditional medicine
conservation
North India
India
Opis:
Out of 750,000 known plants in the world, a major part are medicinal and aromatic plants – a source of raw material for folk and documented systems of medicines worldwide. The folk and documented medicine in India use about 6,000 plants, although, less than 50 species have been scientifically studied and cultivated to any sizeable extent. The main factor behind the slow pace of domestication of medicinal plants is the absence of knowledge on cultivation practices and lack of suitable technology. About 90% of the medicinal plants for trade are harvested from the wild and the demand for traditional medicinal plants is increasing rapidly. Continuous exploitation of several medicinal plant species from the wild has resulted in their population decline. Hence, an effective strategy is needed for their sustainable utilization and conservation. Cultivation is the most effective way of conservation. Cultivation can also ensure production of standardized raw materials. Thereby, enhances the quality of the manufactured products. The methods and techniques of modern chemical agriculture cannot be adopted for the cultivation of medicinal plants as they should be free from harmful residues. Pesticides and other harmful chemicals have been detected in some herbal products. Hence, to ensure a safe, residue-free and reliable material for use in herbal drug industry, there is an urgent need to adopt strategies for cultivation of medicinal plants that are consistent with principles of good agricultural practices.
Spośród 750 000 znanych roślin na świecie większość stanowią rośliny aromatyczne i lecznicze – źródło surowca dla medycyny ludowej i naukowej na całym świecie. W medycynie ludowej i naukowej w Indiach używa się około 6000 roślin, chociaż opracowano naukowo i uprawia się na mierzalną skalę mniej niż 50 z nich. Głównym powodem wolnego tempa udomowiania roślin leczniczych jest brak wiedzy na temat sposobów uprawy i brak przydatnej technologii. Około 90% roślin leczniczych przeznaczonych na sprzedaż otrzymuje się ze stanowisk naturalnych i popyt na tradycyjne rośliny lecznicze gwałtownie wzrasta. Nieustanna eksploatacja niektórych gatunków w miejscach ich naturalnego występowania spowodowała zmniejszenie ich populacji. Potrzeba zatem efektywnej strategii ich zrównoważonego użycia i ochrony. Najbardziej efektywną metodą ochrony jest uprawa. Uprawa może także zapewnić produkcję wystandaryzowanego surowca, zatem podnosi także jakość produktu przetworzonego. Metody i technologia nowoczesnego rolnictwa z użyciem środków chemicznych nie mogą być zastosowane w uprawie roślin leczniczych, ponieważ powinny one być pozbawione szkodliwych substancji. W niektórych produktach ziołowych wykryto pestycydy i inne szkodliwe substancje chemiczne. Zatem, by zapewnić bezpieczny, wolny od dodatków innych szkodliwych substancji chemicznych surowiec dla produkcji leków ziołowych, istnieje paląca potrzeba wdrożenia sposobów uprawy roślin leczniczych spójnych z zasadami dobrej praktyki rolniczej.
Źródło:
Herba Polonica; 2013, 59, 4
0018-0599
Pojawia się w:
Herba Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Utility of two mitochondrial markers for identification of Picea abies refugial origin
Autorzy:
Litkowiec, M
Dering, M.
Lewandowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
coniferous plant
tree
Norway spruce
Picea abies
mtDNA
molecular marker
mitochondrial marker
identification
polymerase chain reaction
RFLP analysis
gene pool conservation
forest ecosystem
plant population
Opis:
Picea abies (L.) Karst is one of the most important coniferous species of Europe from both ecological and economical points of view. Traditional methods for the gene pool conservation and biodiversity maintenance in forest ecosystems have been practiced in many countries. For progress in this field using highly polymorphic genetic molecular markers is needed. Our goal was to demonstrate the utility of two polymorphic mitochondrial markers mt15-D02 and nad1 b/c in identification native Norway spruce stands. This molecular markers were tested in 1401 individuals from 59 Polish Norway spruce populations. We detected three alleles, which are called1, 2 and3, for locus mt15-D02 and two alleles , which are called1 and2, for locus nad1 b/c in our material. All five variants of alleles indicate the natural origin of P. abies. Result of this study shows that molecular marker mt15-D02 is easy to use and more informative in compare to marker nad1 b/c.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2009, 61; 65-71
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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