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Tytuł:
Pomiar reakcji stresowej w warunkach laboratoryjnych – przegląd badań wykorzystujących protokoły wzbudzania stresu
Measurement of stress response in laboratory settings – a review of studies using stress induction protocols
Autorzy:
Sumińska, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082522.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
stres
aktywność mózgu
reakcje fizjologiczne
laboratoryjne protokoły stresu
wzbudzanie stresu
aktywność sercowo-naczyniowa
stress
brain activity
physiological responses
laboratory stress protocols
stress induction
cardiovascular activity
Opis:
Stres jest jedną z głównych przyczyn problemów ze zdrowiem psychofizycznym i prowadzi do spadku efektywności pracy. Odpowiednie metody diagnozowania poziomu stresu pozwalają na rzetelną weryfikację efektywności interwencji mających na celu jego redukcję, a także ocenę różnic indywidualnych w reaktywności na stres. Celem pracy było przeprowadzenie przeglądu dostępnych badań, w których wykorzystano najczęściej stosowane protokoły wzbudzania stresu w warunkach laboratoryjnych i dokonano pomiarów stresu za pomocą parametrów fizjologicznych. Do przeglądu włączono badania wykorzystujące protokoły: MIST, MA, TSST, test Stroopa i PASAT, oraz uwzględniające pomiar aktywności mózgu i serca, stężenia kortyzolu oraz napięcia mięśniowego. Do analiz włączono prace dostępne w bazie PubMed i opublikowane w latach 2015–2021, w których badania przeprowadzono z udziałem zdrowych osób dorosłych. Analiza dostępnych badań ujawniła, że procedury wywołują zmiany aktywności autonomicznego układu nerwowego, układu sercowo-naczyniowego i mózgu. Ponadto TSST jest protokołem wykorzystywanym najczęściej do oceny poziomu stresu, różnic reaktywności na wzbudzony stres w zależności od różnic między osobami w poziomie natężenia cech osobowości bądź porównania konkretnych grup osób. W pomiarach wzbudzonego stresu zazwyczaj wykorzystuje się analizę stężenia kortyzolu w odpowiedzi na stres i zmiany w aktywności serca. Powszechnie stosowaną metodą w badaniach neuroobrazowych jest zadanie MIST. Analiza wyników badań ujawniła, że protokoły, oprócz wzbudzania typowej reakcji fizjologicznej, w przypadku niektórych osób łączą się z osłabieniem reakcji fizjologicznych na stres.
Stress is one of the main reasons for deterioration in mental and physical health, and it leads to a decrease in work efficiency. Providing appropriate methods of diagnosing the level of stress allows for making a reliable verification of the effectiveness of stress reduction interventions and for assessing individual differences in reactivity to stress. The aim of this study was to review the available studies that use the most common stress induction protocols in laboratory settings and measure psychophysiological reactions to stress. The review included research using the following protocols: MIST, MA, TSST, Stroop Test and PASAT, and measuring brain activity, heart activity, cortisol levels and muscle tones. The analyzes included papers available in the PubMed database, published in 2015‒2021, in which studies were conducted on healthy adults. The analysis of the available studies revealed that the protocols induced changes in the activity of the autonomic nervous system, the cardiovascular system and brain activity. Moreover, TSST is a protocol that is most often used to assess the level of stress and differences in reactivity to induced stress depending on individual differences in personality traits, and to make the comparison of specific groups of people. Measurements of induced stress are usually done by analyzing the cortisol levels in response to stress and changes in heart activity. The MIST test is a commonly used method in neuroimaging studies. The analysis of the research results has revealed that the protocols, beside inducing a typical physiological response, are associated with blunting the physiological response to stress in some people.
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 3; 251-270
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological acclimation of Dicranostigma henanensis to soil drought stress and rewatering
Autorzy:
Wang, N.
Chen, H.
Wang, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
Dicranostigma henanensis
drought stress
physiological changes
photosynthesis
rewatering
Opis:
e adaptability of plants to drought not only includes their ability to resist drought stress, but also their ability to recover aer stress is relieved. In this study, a weighting method was used to control the soil water content to produce a soil water stress gradient. e effects of drought and rewatering on the changes in osmotic adjustment substance content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and photosynthetic characteristics of potted Dicranostigma henanensis seedlings were measured on Day 28 aer the imposition of watering treatments and Day 7 aer rewatering. During the drought stress process, the relative electrical conductivity, thiobarbituric acid, water use efficiency, and proline content displayed a continuously increasing trend. Further, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate constantly decreased, while the chlorophyll content first increased and then decreased. Aer rehydration, superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity and photosynthetic parameters quickly recovered to the CK level (soil moisture is 75%–80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field), indicating that D. henanensis plants have a strong ability to repair the damage caused by drought stress. In particular, the photosynthetic machinery may have sophisticated regulation and repair mechanisms, which may be associated with its stable photosystem. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the D. henanensis plant has a strong ability to adapt to arid environments, and therefore could be an excellent ornamental flower for landscaping in arid and semiarid areas.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2021, 90
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reakcje fizjologiczne i behawioralno-poznawcze dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym w sytuacjach stresowych
Physiological and behavioural – cognitive reactions of younger school-age children in stressful situations
Autorzy:
Cywińska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2098489.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
stres
negatywne emocje
reakcje fizjologiczne
reakcje behawioralnopoznawcze
model reakcji na stres Janusza Reykowskiego
transakcyjna teoria stresu Richarda S. Lazarusa i Susan Folkman
dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym
stress
negative emotions
physiological reactions
behavioural-cognitive reactions
Janusz Reykowski's model of reactions to stress
transactional theory of stress and coping by Richard S. Lazarus and Susan Folkman
children at younger school age
Opis:
Stres i związane z nim negatywne emocje wywołują określone reakcje fizjologiczne i behawioralno-poznawcze u jednostek, rzutujące na ich funkcjonowanie w różnych obszarach życia. W artykule - na podstawie badań własnych  analiza tychże reakcji została odniesiona do dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym: uczniów trzecich klas szkoły podstawowej, ich matek oraz nauczycieli i wkomponowana w kontekst środowiska rodzinnego, szkolnego i rówieśniczego wspomnianych dzieci.
Stress and negative emotions connected with it evoke specific physiological and behavioural-cognitive reactions in individuals, which affect their functioning in various areas of life. The author studied and analyzed these reactions with respect to children of younger school age - third graders of primary school, their mothers and teachers. The analysis presented in the article is integrated into the context of family, school and peer environment of the children in question.
Źródło:
Forum Pedagogiczne; 2021, 11, 2; 113-129
2083-6325
Pojawia się w:
Forum Pedagogiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stress Coping Strategies for 8- and 9-year-old Children
Strategie radzenia sobie ze stresem dzieci 8- i 9-letnich
Autorzy:
Cywińska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1071073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
stress
resistance to stress
children’s physiological and behavioral reactions to stress
problem-focused coping strategies
emotion-focused coping strategies
coping strategies for children in early school age
Opis:
Stress is an integral part of our lives. It also applies to our childhood. That is why it is so important to know how children cope with stress (how they learn coping strategies) and to equip them with the skill set to cope constructively with stressful situations throughout life. This article describes strategies for coping with stress that are characteristic for children at the end of early school education. They have been identified in the course of my own research aimed at characterizing child stress and relate to a fragment of research activities aimed at 8- and 9-year-old children. The research established that in some children the developmental process of coping with stress has started: children look for, investigate, and think how to cope with difficulties. In this struggle, however, they focus on people ho could be a source of support for them in coping with stressful situations. Among children’s stress coping strategies, an important role is also played by emotionally focused strategies, which are aimed at reducing negative emotions and arousing positive emotions.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2020, 57; 7-15
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of nano-silica and humic acid on physiological characteristics of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L.) under salinity stress
Autorzy:
Sharifiasl, R.
Kafi, M.
Saidi, M.
Kalatejari, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12675903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
Iran
Bermuda grass
Cynodon dactylon
wild plant
water salinity
salinity condition
salinity stress
nanosilica
humic acid
physiological characteristics
chlorophyll
proline
Opis:
This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of water salinity and nano-silica (NS) and humic acid (HA) on Bermuda grass. The study was carried out under greenhouse and exterior space conditions in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangements. Treatments included 4 water salinity levels (0, 5, 7 and 9 dS/m) and 4 level of NS (0, 1, 2 and 3 mm/l) as well as 4 level of HA (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/l). Results indicated a decrease in chlorophyll content, and increase in proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and electrolyte leakage (EL) with increasing levels of salinity. The chlorophyll content in greenhouse and exterior space also increased with increasing levels of NS and HA, while proline in two environments, with increasing levels of NS and HA decreased. EL with increasing levels of NS fluctuated, but with increasing levels of HA, it decreased in two environments. With increasing levels of NS, CAT in both environments was eventually decreased after the oscillation, but there was no particular trend in HA levels. With increasing levels of NS and HA, MDA in the greenhouse decreased and in the exterior space – it increased. Finally, by increasing levels of NS and HA, SOD did not show any change in the greenhouse condition, but in the exterior space, the SOD was decreased.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2019, 18, 4; 203-212
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological and biochemicals changes modulated by seeds’ priming of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under salt stress at germination stage
Autorzy:
Bouallègue, A.
Souissi, F.
Nouairi, I.
Souibgui, M.
Abbes, Z.
Mhadhbi, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12304629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant cultivation
lentil
Lens culinaris
seed priming
physiological change
biochemical change
antioxidant enzyme
germination
salinity
salt stress
Opis:
Seed priming is one of the potential physiological approaches to enhance the seed germination under the salinity stress. The present study examined the role of two seed priming molecules: salicylic acid (SA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in enhancing the salt tolerance of lentil seeds at germination stage. Salinity stress caused significant decrease in germination percentage and primary root elongation. This decrease was associated with significant increase in lipid peroxidation and total lipid (TL) contents in embryonic axis. The catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxydase (GPOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities remained unchanged or decreased significantly under the influence of salt stress, in both embryonic axis and cotyledons. Starch mobilization was not affected by the salt stress. The two priming treatments effectively alleviated the negative effects of salinity stress. SA and H2O2 applications after dose optimization resulted in a significant enhancement of germination percentage and primary root elongation. No significant changes in starch, soluble sugars contents and SOD activity were detected following SA and H2O2 treatments. Seed priming treatments triggered the activities of GPOX and CAT and caused the reduction in lipid peroxidation, especially in embryonic axis. TL content and especially the fatty acid C18:3 increased after SA applications. Better performance under salt stress of primed lentil seeds was associated with lower lipid peroxidation, and activation of enzymatic antioxidative defense system. Obtained results confirm the potential for using SA and H2O2 to improve germination and plant growth under salt stress conditions.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2019, 18, 5; 27-38
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reducing the salinity impact on soilless culture of tomatoes using supplemental Ca and foliar micronutrients
Autorzy:
Saleh, S.
Liu, G.
Liu, M.
Liu, W.
Gruda, N.
He, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12688394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant cultivation
tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
soilless culture
vegetative growth
fruit quality
yield
calcium supplementation
foliar application
foliar nutrition
micronutrient
salinity impact
salt stress
physiological parameter
Opis:
Salt stress is known as one of the most severe abiotic factors limiting the plant production all over the world. In this study, three additives: (i) supplemental Ca (5 mmol L–1) to nutrient solution, (ii) foliar application of micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn at 60, 160 and 110 mg L–1, respectively), and (iii) combination of both of them were evaluated aiming to reduce the negative impact of salt stress on tomato plants cultivated in a soilless culture and improve the internal quality of fruits. The obtained results show that salinity reduced vegetative growth and physiological parameters, fruit yield and its components, and even more lowered fruit market classification of tomatoes. Salinity treatment reduced most of essential macro- and micronutrients in tomato fruit, whilst Na content was increased. Tomato productivity and fruit quality were ameliorated under saline conditions by increasing Ca into nutrient solution and applying a foliar application of micronutrients. A combination of both additives ranked the first to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on tomatoes, followed by solo supplemental Ca into saline nutrient solution. On the other hand, the internal fruit quality of antioxidant compounds, such as vitamin C, lycopene, α-carotene, β-carotene and lutein as well as acidity, total soluble solid and dry matter percent, were increased under saline conditions.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2019, 18, 3; 187-200
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany wybranych wskaźników fizjologicznych oraz ocena stresu cieplnego pod wpływem kąpieli w saunie suchej i mokrej u młodych zdrowych kobiet
Changes in selected physiological indicators and thermal stress assessment under the influence of baths in a dry and wet sauna in young healthy women
Autorzy:
Pilch, Wanda
Piotrowska, Anna
Czerwińska-Ledwig, Olga
Zuziak, Roxana
Maciejczyk, Marcin
Tota, Łukasz
Bawelski, Marek
Pałka, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-03
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
temperatura ciała
sauna sucha
sauna mokra
stres cieplny
odczuwanie temperatury
obciążenie fizjologiczne
body temperature
dry sauna
wet sauna
heat stress
temperature sense
physiological strain
Opis:
Wstęp Kąpiele w saunie suchej i w łaźni parowej ze względu na różny stopień obciążenia cieplnego wywołują też różne reakcje organizmu. Duża wilgotność powietrza w saunie mokrej utrudnia parowanie potu ze skóry. Ponadto dynamika pocenia się jest różna u kobiet i mężczyzn. Celem pracy była analiza zmian wskaźników fizjologicznych oraz porównanie wpływu sauny suchej i mokrej na odczucie komfortu cieplnego ocenianego w skali termicznej Bedforda, a także zbadanie wielkości obciążenia fizjologicznego (physiological strain index – PSI) i skumulowanego wskaźnika obciążeń cieplnych (cumulative heat stress index − CHSI) u młodych zdrowych kobiet. Materiał i metody W badaniach wzięło udział 10 kobiet w wieku 22−24 lat. Pomiary w obu typach sauny prowadzono w fazie folikularnej cyklu miesięcznego. Każda sesja trwała 60 min i składała się z trzech 15-minutowych ekspozycji cieplnych z 5-minutowymi przerwami na odpoczynek i schłodzenie wodą. Temperatura w saunie suchej wynosiła 91±1,2°C, w mokrej – 59±1,3°C; wilgotność powietrza, odpowiednio: 18±0,7% i 60,5±0,8%. Dokonano pomiarów masy ciała, ciśnienia skurczowego (systolic blood pressure − SBP) i rozkurczowego (diastolic blood pressure − DBP), częstości skurczów serca (heart rate − HR), temperatury rektalnej ($ \text{T}_\text{re} $) i odczuć termicznych według skali Bedforda. Wyliczono współczynniki obciążenia fizjologicznego: PSI oraz CHSI. Wyniki Po saunie suchej średnie ubytki masy ciała badanych kobiet były istotnie wyższe niż po kąpieli w saunie mokrej. Po zabiegu w saunie mokrej zaobserwowano istotnie większe przyrosty $ \text{T}_\text{re} $ oraz HR. Oba zabiegi powodowały wzrost SBP. Podczas obu kąpieli ciśnienie rozkurczowe ulegało obniżeniu. Subiektywne odczucie uciążliwości zabiegu oraz PSI i CHSI było większe podczas kąpieli w saunie mokrej. Wnioski Ekspozycja cieplna w saunie mokrej stanowi większe obciążenie dla organizmu młodych kobiet niż taki sam zabieg w saunie suchej, a zmiany badanych cech są większe od tych, które zaobserwowano u mężczyzn poddanych podobnym obciążeniom termicznym. Med. Pr. 2019;70(6):701–710
Background There are differences between dry and wet sauna baths because of the heat load and human body’s reactions. High humidity in a wet sauna makes evaporation of sweat from the skin surface more difficult. In addition, the dynamics of sweating is different in men and women. The aim of the study was to assess changes in physiological indicators and to compare the impact of dry and wet saunas on the thermal comfort feeling, which was assessed using the Bedford thermal scale, and the physiological strain index (PSI) and the cumulative heat stress index (CHSI) in young healthy women. Material and Methods Ten women aged 22−24 years took part in the study. A session in each sauna lasted 60 min and consisted of 3 thermal 15-min exposures, in 5-min intervals for rest and cooling with water. The temperature in the dry sauna was 91±1.2°C and in the wet sauna 59±1.3°C, while the humidity was 18±0.7% and 60.5±0.8%, respectively. Body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature ($ \text{T}_\text{re} $) and the thermal sensation (Bedford scale) were also measured. The PSI and CHSI values were both calculated. Results The average weight loss after a dry sauna bath was significantly higher than after a wet sauna bath. Significantly higher increases in $ \text{T}_\text{re} $, as well as in HR were observed after treatment in the wet sauna, compared to the dry sauna. Both treatments resulted in an increase in SBP and a decrease in DBP. The arduousness of thermal discomfort and the levels of PSI and CHSI were skurgreater in the wet sauna bathing than in the dry sauna. Conclusions Heat exposure in the wet sauna creates a greater burden for young women’s bodies than the same dry sauna treatment, and the changes observed in the examined traits were higher than in men subjected to similar thermal loads. Med Pr. 2019;70(6):701–10
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2019, 70, 6; 701-710
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of selected parameters of photosynthesis as herbicide stress indicators on the example of glyphosate
Autorzy:
Wysocki, K.
Banaszkiewicz, T.
Olszewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
physiological parameter
photosynthesis
herbicide
ornamental plant
Mexican marigold
Tagetes erecta
plant stress
glyphosate
sublethal dose
Opis:
This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of sublethal doses of glyphosate on physiological parameters of a common ornamental plant Mexican marigold (Tagetes erecta). The herbicide was applied in the following doses: 720 g ⋅ ha–1 (standard field dose), 144 g ⋅ ha–1, 28.8 g ⋅ ha–1, and 14.4 g ⋅ ha–1, in the form of a spraying treatment of plants in a specialist spraying chamber. The net assimilation rate and leaf greenness index were then determined. Herbicide application in the sublethal doses, i.e. below 720 g ⋅ ha–1, caused disorders in both analyzed physiological parameters of plants. The glyphosate dose of 144 g ⋅ ha–1 elicited transient disorders in the leaf greenness index. In turn, the use of the lower doses (28.8 g ⋅ ha–1 and 14.4 g ⋅ ha–1) caused a short-term increase in the net photosynthesis rate in the plants which was accompanied by a decreased value of the leaf greenness index. Study results demonstrated the effect of sublethal doses of glyphosate as a stress factor in parameters associated with the process of photosynthesis in plants.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The accumulation of SA- and JA-signaling pathways in the response of Glycine max cv. “Nam Dan” to infestation by Aphis craccivora
Autorzy:
Tran, N.T.
Tran, T.T.H.
Do, N.D.
Mai, V.C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phytohormone
signal molecule
physiological process
plant
environmental stress
aphid
plant protection
Glycine max
infestation
Aphis craccivora
cowpea aphid
black legume aphid zob.cowpea aphid
true bug
defense response
jasmonic acid
salicylic acid
Opis:
Phytohormones function as signal molecules that regulate physiological processes to protect plants from environmental stresses, including aphids’ attack. We studied the pattern within the defense mechanisms of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”] regarding the signaling pathways of salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) in response to cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch). With infestation by cowpea aphid, SA was the first to accumulate and reached high levels 24 hours post-infestation (hpi). An accumulation of SA in the early response of soybean probably triggers inducible specific defense reactions. Following SA, JA was later induced and continuously increased to high levels 96 hpi. An accumulation of JA in the later response may be a critical step in the signaling of the downstream defense cascade. In addition, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.24) and benzoic acid 2-hydroylase (BA2H), enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of SA, and lipoxygenase (LOX, EC 1.13.11.12), an important enzyme in the JA biosynthesis pathway, were also induced by cowpea aphid. The changes in the enzymatic activity of PAL, BA2H and LOX, and expression of gene encoding PAL were closely associated with the accumulation of endogenous SA and JA, respectively. The variations in the levels of these defense-related compounds were strongly connected with density and the duration of cowpea aphid infestation. Different accumulations of SA- and JA-signaling pathways may contribute to a coordinated regulation leading to the formation of resistant lines in the defense mechanisms of G. max cv. “Nam Dan” against A. craccivora.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological adaptations to osmotic stress and characterization of a polyethylene glycol-responsive gene in Braya humilis
Autorzy:
Lirong, W.
Pengshan, Z.
Xin, Z.
Xiaopeng, W.
Xiaofei, M.
Yi, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
physiological adaptation
osmotic stress
polyethylene glycol
gene
Braya humilis
drought
expression pattern
Opis:
Braya humilis (Brassicaceae) is a widely distributed plant in arid and semi-arid regions of northern Asia. This plant is well adapted to extremely arid conditions and is a promising candidate species to discover novel drought tolerance strategies. However, not much information about the mechanism(s) mediating drought resistance in this species is currently available. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the physiological traits and expression patterns of a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-responsive gene in B. humilis responding to different levels of osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000. Several important physiological parameters were examined, including the levels of relative water content, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activity. A tolerance threshold between 20 and 30% PEG-6000 was identified for B. humilis. The water status and oxidative damage below this threshold were maintained at a relatively constant level during the 12 h of treatment. However, once the threshold was exceeded, the water status and oxidative damage were obviously affected after treatment for 4 h. The soluble protein results suggest that B. humilis maintains a vigorous resistance to osmotic stress and that it may play a greater role in osmotic regulation at late stages of stress. Moreover, superoxide dismutase and catalase may be important at preventing oxidative damage in plants at early stages of stress, while peroxidase may be more involved in some biological processes that resist osmotic stress at the late stage, especially in severely damaged plants. Furthermore, a PEG-responsive gene, BhCIPK12, was identified by differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and characterized by quantitative real-time PCR. We hypothesized that this gene may play an important role in mediating osmotic stress or drought resistance in plants. Altogether, these results provide valuable insights into the mechanism(s) mediating drought tolerance in B. humilis.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2016, 85, 1
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological strain in the Hungarian mining industry: The impact of physical and psychological factors
Autorzy:
Varga, József
Nagy, Imre
Szirtes, László
Pórszász, János
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
work-related complex stress
physiological strain
health protection and promotion
work pulse
work-related accidents
workplace illumination
Opis:
Objectives The objectives of these investigations completed on workplaces in the Hungarian mining industry were to characterize the physiological strain of workers by means of work pulse and to examine the effects of work-related psychological factors. Material and Methods Continuous heart rate (HR) recording was completed on 71 miners over a total of 794 shifts between 1987 and 1992 in mining plants of the Hungarian mining industry using a 6-channel recorder – Bioport (ZAK, Germany). The work processes were simultaneously documented by video recording along with drawing up the traditional ergonomic workday schedule. All workers passed health evaluation for fitness for work. The effects of different psychological factors (simulated danger, “instrument stress,” presence of managers, and effect of prior involvement in accidents as well as different mining technologies and work place illumination) on the work pulse were evaluated. The statistical analysis was completed using SPSS software (version 13.0, SPSS Inc., USA). Results The work-related physiological strain differed between work places with different mining technologies in groups of 12–18 workers. The work pulse was lowest in bauxite mining (ΔHR = 22±8.9 bpm) and highest in drift drilling in dead rock with electric drilling machine (ΔHR = 30±6.9 bpm). During sham alarm situation the work pulse was significantly higher than during normal activities with the same physical task (ΔHR = 36.7±4.8 bpm vs. 25.8±1.6 bpm, p < 0.001). When work was performed under different psychological stress, the work pulse was consistently higher, while improving the work place illumination decreased the physiological strain appreciably (ΔHR (median, 25–75 percentiles) = 23, 20–26 bmp vs. 28, 25–31.3 bpm, p < 0.001). Conclusions Recording the heart rate during whole-shift work along with the work conditions gives reliable results and helps isolating factors that contribute to increased strain. The results can be used to implement preventive and health promotion measures.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 4; 597-611
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza psychofizjologicznych uwarunkowań dynamiki stresu u kandydatów do zawodu nurka i płetwonurka, z uwzględnieniem psychologicznych aspektów nurkowania
The analysis of psychophysiological conditions of stress dynamics in candidates to the position of a professional diver with consideration of the psychological aspects of diving
Autorzy:
Remlein, M.
Buczyński, J.
Olszański, R.
Buczyński, A.
Kobos, Z.
Juszczak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1360346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny i Techniki Hiperbarycznej
Tematy:
physiological stress
psychological stress
panic
anxiety
diving stress
coping
temperament
personality
stres fizjologiczny
stres psychologiczny
panika
lęk
stres w nurkowaniu
radzenie sobie
osobowość
Opis:
The article presents a characterisation of stress situations and psychological reactions during diving. It describes the fundamental personality dimensions and temperament features, and discusses the results of research into the methods of coping with stress as well as the levels of anxiety in candidates to the position of a professional driver.
W artykule dokonano charakterystyki sytuacji stresowych i reakcji psychicznych, podczas nurkowania. Przedstawiono podstawowe wymiary osobowości i cechy temperamentu. Omówiono wyniki badań sposobów radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz poziomy natężenia lęku u kandydatów do zawodu nurka i płetwonurka.
Źródło:
Polish Hyperbaric Research; 2015, 1(50); 7-23
1734-7009
2084-0535
Pojawia się w:
Polish Hyperbaric Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of work-related sleep restriction on acute physiological and psychological stress responses and their interactions: A review among emergency service personnel
Autorzy:
Wolkow, Alexander
Ferguson, Sally
Aisbett, Brad
Main, Luana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03-26
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
sleep
cytokines
stress
cortisol
mood
psycho-physiological
Opis:
Emergency work can expose personnel to sleep restriction. Inadequate amounts of sleep can negatively affect physiological and psychological stress responses. This review critiqued the emergency service literature (e.g., firefighting, police/law enforcement, defense forces, ambulance/paramedic personnel) that has investigated the effect of sleep restriction on hormonal, inflammatory and psychological responses. Furthermore, it investigated if a psycho-physiological approach can help contextualize the significance of such responses to assist emergency service agencies monitor the health of their personnel. The available literature suggests that sleep restriction across multiple work days can disrupt cytokine and cortisol levels, deteriorate mood and elicit simultaneous physiological and psychological responses. However, research concerning the interaction between such responses is limited and inconclusive. Therefore, it is unknown if a psycho-physiological relationship exists and as a result, it is currently not feasible for agencies to monitor sleep restriction related stress based on psycho- physiological interactions. Sleep restriction does however, appear to be a major stressor contributing to physiological and psychological responses and thus, warrants further investigation.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 2; 183-208
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphological and physiological responses of some halophytes to salinity stress
Autorzy:
Mohammadi, Hamid
Kardan, Javid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
salinity stress
halophytes
morphological parameters
physiological parameters
Opis:
A pot experiment was conducted to examine whether the morphological and physiological characteristics of some halophytes may be affected by salt stress. For this purpose, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications. The treatments were some halophytes (Salicornia europaea, Atriplex leucoclada, and Kochia scoparia) and salinity stress levels [Electrical conductivity 0 (Hoagland’s solution), Hoagland’s solution consisting of 100, 200, 300 and 500 mM NaCl]. Among the halophytes tested, Salicornia europaea had significantly higher shoot and root of dry matters compared to the other halophytes in all salt treatments. Salinity stress resulted in an increase in photosynthetic pigments up to 200 mM and thereafter, it decreased in all of the studied plants. Photosynthetic pigments, ranked in a descending order, were high in Kochia scoparia, Salicornia europaea, and Atriplex leucoclada. In addition, salinity stress led to an enhancement in malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2. The tolerance of Salicornia europaea under high salinity stress was associated with low MDA and H2O2 contents as well as high contents of photosynthetic pigments. The shoot and root Na+ increased considerably by augmenting the salinity levels in all halophytic plants; however, there was a significant difference among halophytes at higher salinity levels. The shoot K+ decreased by increasing the salinity levels, but K+ partitioning pattern varied among the halophytes. Under saline conditions, the shoot and root Na+/K+ ratio of all halophytes grew. The highest and the lowest of Na+ were observed in Salicornia europaea and Kochia scoparia, respectively. Thus, the Na+/K+ ratio could be considered as an indicator of salt evaluation. Nitrogen, protein content, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) were high in Salicornia europaea plants in comparison to other plants at 200–500 mM salinity levels; in contrast, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and netural detergent fiber (NDF) were low. According to the results of this study, the tolerance of halophytes towards NaCl is possibly due to the differences in damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially H2O2, and toxicity to metabolism Na+.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio C – Biologia; 2015, 70, 2
2083-3563
0066-2232
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio C – Biologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 31

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