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Tytuł:
Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Properties of Bread with Popped Amaranth Flour
Autorzy:
Chaquilla-Quilca, Guadalupe
Islas-Rubio, Alma Rosa
Vásquez-Lara, Francisco
Salcedo-Sucasaca, Lourdes
Silva-Paz, Reynaldo Justino
Luna-Valdez, Jesús Guadalupe
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-05-14
Wydawca:
Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
Tematy:
Amaranthus caudatus
popped grains
pasting properties
bread physical properties
Flash profile
Opis:
This study investigated the effect of substitution of wheat flour with popped amaranth flour in bread formulation on the chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics of breads. The raw and popped amaranth grain flours of four Peruvian varieties: Oscar Blanco, Centenario, Taray, and Imperial, were characterised for chemical composition and pasting properties using Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA). Both types of amaranth flour had a high nutritional value, but the peak and final viscosity of popped amaranth flour were closer to the wheat flour. Breads were formulated with the popped amaranth flour, at four substitution levels of 0, 10, 20, and 30%. A significant increase in contents of protein (around 12%) and raw fiber (more than 100%), and a decrease in carbohydrate content (around 6%) in breads at the highest substitution level compared to wheat bread were observed. At this substitution level, the RVA profile parameters, specific volume, pore area, and colour coordinates (L*, a*, and b*) differed significantly. In the sensory analysis using Flash profile technique, consumers identified that the Taray and Imperial bread varieties at 10 and 20% substitution level were similar to the wheat bread. Adding popped amaranth flour to bread improved the nutritional value, ensuring good physical and sensory properties. Popped amaranth flour can, thus, be an alternative to wheat flour in the development of healthy bakery products.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 2024, 74, 2; 137-146
1230-0322
2083-6007
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Activated biocarbons obtained from lignocellulosic precursors as potential adsorbents of ammonia
Autorzy:
Jedynak, Katarzyna
Charmas, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
activated biocarbon
various carbon precursors
physical activation
physicochemical properties
ammonia adsorption
Opis:
The investigated materials were new biocarbons: FC (Fir Cone), FS (Fir Sawdust), FB (Fir Bark), BS (Birch Sawdust), BB (Birch Bark), AS (Acacia Sawdust), AB (Acacia Bark), OS (Oak Sawdust), OB (Oak Bark), HS (Hornbeam Sawdust)) obtained via pyrolysis and CO2 activation of wood waste (lignocellulosic biomass). In order to study the influence of the carbon precursor on the physicochemical properties of biocarbons there were used the precursors: cones, sawdust, and bark of various tree species. The obtained adsorbents were characterized based on the results, of the N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (CHNS), thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FT-IR (ATR) and the Boehm’s titration method as well as pHpzc (the point of zero charge). The adsorption capacity and the temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia were also studied. The obtained activated biocarbons were characterized by the large specific surface area (515 to 1286 m2/g) and the total pore volume (0.27 to 0.46 cm3/g) as well as the well-developed microporous structure (76 - 90%). The maximum NH3 adsorption capacity of the activated biocarbon was determined to be 2.93 mmol/g (FC (Fir Cone)). These results prove that the lignocellulosic precursors are appropriate for preparation of environmentally friendly and cost-effective biocarbons.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2023, 59, 4; art. no. 169835
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Fly Ash from Thermal Treatment of Sewage Sludge According to the Applicable Standards
Autorzy:
Rutkowska, Gabriela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
fly ash
sewage sludge
physical and chemical properties
concrete
compressive strength
heavy metals
Opis:
The restrictions on carbon dioxide emissions introduced by the European Union encourage experimental work on new generation materials containing smaller amounts of clinker. Currently, silica fly ash from the combustion of hard coal is widely used in cement and concrete technology in Europe and in Poland. Their wide application is mainly determined by their chemical and phase composition, especially pozzolanic activity, their high fineness, similar to cement. The aim of the research was to assess the properties of fly ash from thermal treatment of sewage sludge in terms of use in concrete technology in relation to EN 450-1, ASTM-C618-03 and ASTM C379-65T. The obtained test results confirm that the tested material has a different physicochemical composition and does not meet the requirements related to the use of ash in the production of concrete. In addition, the research showed the possibility of producing ordinary concrete, modified with fly ash from thermal treatment of sewage sludge. The average compressive strength for concrete containing 15% of ash from Cracow was set at 48.1 MPa and 49.2 MPa after 28 and 56 days of maturation, for ash from Warsaw at 42.0 MPa and 45.1 MPa, and for ash from Łódź at 36.2 MPa and 36.2 MPa. The determined concentrations of heavy metals are below the maximum values to be met when discharging waste water into the ground or water, the leaching limits required for accepting inert waste for disposal and for substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment. On this basis, it was found that the migration of heavy metals from concretes with ash addition to the aquatic environment is insignificant and should not be a significant problem.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 3; 20--34
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Filtration of compressible viscous-plastic oil in a porous medium
Filtracja ściśliwego oleju lepkoplastycznego w medium porowatym
Autorzy:
Dadash-Zade, Mirza A.
Aliyev, Inglab N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
deep-seated oil fields
compressibility
oil basin
reservoir
physical properties
chemical properties
oil
porosity
permeability
głęboko zalegające złoża ropy
ściśliwość
basen naftowy
zbiornik
właściwości fizyczne
właściwości chemiczne
ropa
porowatość
przepuszczalność
Opis:
Numerous laboratory studies have shown that the change in physical and chemical properties and the geological conditions of the occurrence of hydrocarbons depend on depth. It should be noted that the change in oil properties with depth and the identification of the properties of such oils are poorly understood. In this research work, an attempt is made to study the filtration properties of anomalous oils, taking into account compressibility in reservoir conditions. The work carried out shows that the density, dynamic viscosity and the content of resins, sulfur, paraffin and asphaltene of different oil reservoirs are mainly depth dependent. The filtration characteristics of such oils that manifest themselves at a given pressure have been established. The results of modeling the filtration processes leading to the emergence of zones of increased oil compressibility, forming deep hydrocarbon fields, were used to discuss the regularities obtained. This makes it possible to determine filtration characteristics of anomalous liquid, taking into account the compressibility, which determine their higher quality indicators. The analysis shows that in the development of oil fields with anomalous properties of hydrocarbons, when recalculating the volumetric flow rate of individual wells in reservoir conditions it is necessary to use the value of the volumetric oil coefficient, taking into account its non-Newtonian properties. This technique will enable future works to study the effect of hydrodynamic imperfection of wells and the effect of formation permeability violation in their bottomhole zone on the reservoir pressure redistribution characteristics and well test results.
Liczne badania laboratoryjne wykazały, że zmiana właściwości fizycznych i chemicznych oraz warunki geologiczne występowania węglowodorów zależą od głębokości usytuowania akumulacji. Należy zauważyć, że charakter zmiany właściwości ropy naftowej wraz z głębokością jest słabo rozpoznany. W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę zbadania właściwości filtracyjnych rop anomalnych, biorąc pod uwagę ściśliwość w warunkach złożowych. Przeprowadzone prace wykazały, że gęstość, lepkość dynamiczna oraz zawartość żywic, siarki, parafiny i asfaltenów w różnych złożach ropy naftowej zależą głównie od głębokości. Określono właściwości filtracyjne tych rop, ujawniające się przy określonym ciśnieniu. Do omówienia uzyskanych prawidłowości wykorzystano wyniki modelowania procesów filtracji, prowadzących do powstania stref o zwiększonej ściśliwości ropy w głębokich złożach węglowodorów. Pozwala to na ustalenie charakterystyki filtracyjnej cieczy anomalnej z uwzględnieniem ściśliwości, które determinują ich wyższe wskaźniki jakościowe. Analiza pokazuje, że przy zagospodarowaniu złóż ropy naftowej o anomalnych właściwościach, przy przeliczaniu objętościowego natężenia przepływu poszczególnych odwiertów w warunkach złożowych, konieczne jest wykorzystanie wartości współczynnika objętościowego ropy, z uwzględnieniem jego właściwości nienewtonowskich. Technika ta umożliwia w przyszłych pracach badanie wpływu niedoskonałości hydrodynamicznej odwiertów i wpływu naruszenia przepuszczalności formacji w strefie przyodwiertowej na cechy redystrybucji ciśnienia złożowego, jak również na wyniki opróbowania odwiertów.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2023, 79, 6; 406-411
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of a Directional Dependenceon Mechanical Properties of Composites Reinforced with Chopped Carbon Fibre Produced by Additive Manufacturing
Autorzy:
Majko, Jaroslav
Handrik, Marian
Vaško, Milan
Sága, Milan
Kopas, Peter
Dorčiak, Filip
Sapietová, Alžbeta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
experimental measurement
physical properties
3D printing
composite
fibre reinforcement
MATLAB
Opis:
Progress in the industry is accompanied by the development of new materials and more efficient technological production processes. At present, additive production is becoming very attractive in all industries (research, development, production), which brings a number of advantages compared to subtractive methods (customization, production speed, control of material properties by users, etc.). The main advantage of 3D printing is the controlled deposition of material in defined places. Instead of demanding manual labour, fully automated production via computers leads to the manufacturing of complex components from materials whose production in conventional ways would be problematic or even impossible. Because these are new technologies, the main direction of research at present is to identify the basic physical properties of these materials under different types of loading. The main goal of this article is to observe the dependence of the behaviour of the extruded material (thermoplastic reinforced with chopped carbon fibre) on the printing parameters (thickness of the lamina, the orientation of the fibres of the printed material, etc.). Based on published scientific works, it appears that these settings have a significant impact on the achieved physical properties. This is the reason why the authors decided to analyze the influence of these parameters on the basis of processed data from experimental measurements of mechanical properties in the MATLAB program. As this is FFF printing, an essential condition is to identify and specify the directional dependence of the behavior of the printed material. This physical phenomenon is a necessary condition for gradual knowledge for the purposes of a subsequent mathematical description of the material properties. According to the authors, for the purposes of modeling these materials in FEM-based programs, it is essential to define the directional dependence in the plane of the lamina.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 2; 455--461
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanical properties and Mullins effect in rubber reinforced by montmorillonite
Autorzy:
Białkowska, Anita
Przybyłek, Małgorzata
Sola-Wdowska, Marta
Masař, Milan
Bakar, Mohamed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311435.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
physical properties
Mullins effect
morphology
rubber nanocomposite
właściwości fizyczne
efekt Mullinsa
morfologia
nanokompozyt gumowy
Opis:
The present work investigated the properties of rubber vulcanizates containing different nanoparticles (Cloisite 20A and Cloisite Na+) and prepared using different sonication amplitudes. The results showed that a maximum improvement in tensile strength of more than 60% over the reference sample was obtained by the nanocomposites containing 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 1 wt.% Cloisite Na+ and mixed with a maximum amplitude of 270 µm. The modulus at 300% elongation increased by approximately 18% and 25% with the addition of 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 3 wt.% Cloisite Na+, respectively. The shape retention coefficient of rubber samples was not significantly affected by the mixing amplitude, while the values of the softness measured at the highest amplitude (270 µm) were higher compared to those of mixtures homogenized with lower amplitudes. The loading-unloading and loading-reloading processes showed similar trends for all tested nanocomposites. However, they increased with increasing levels of sample stretching but were not significantly affected by filler content at a given elongation. More energy was dissipated during the loading-unloading process than during the loading-reloading. SEM micrographs of rubber samples before and after cycling loading showed rough, stratified, and elongated morphologies. XRD results showed that elastomeric chains were intercalated in the MMT nanosheets, confirming the improvement of mechanical properties. The difference between the hydrophilic pristine nanoclay (Cloisite Na+) and organomodified MMT (Cloisite 20A) was also highlighted, while the peaks of the stretched rubber samples were smaller, regardless of the rubber composition, due most probably to the decrease of interlayer spacing.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2023, 71, 5; art. no. e147059
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Post-Consumer Wood of Different Age
Autorzy:
Gayda, Serhiy
Kiyko, Orest
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
post-consumer wood
physical properties
mechanical properties
characteristics
strength
recycling
technology
use
Opis:
It should be noted that there is currently a problem with wood resources in the woodworking industry. A potential, unused wood reserve is post-consumer wood (PCW). The problem with the quality of this wood resource has not been fully resolved since there is no regulatory database. In fact, there is a lack of appropriate regulatory documents, which makes it impossible to describe to a full extent the physical and mechanical properties of PCW of common wood species of different ages as a source of additional raw materials for various woodworking technologies. Proceeding from the goal, the task of the study is to describe the physical and mechanical properties of postconsumer wood using the example of fir wood, which for a long period of time has been used to create furniture and joinery products. The task is also to identify patterns of change in the indicators of this resource with age – an expired service life or suitability. In order to use PCW in woodworking and to fill the scientific base with physical and mechanical indicators of fir wood of different ages with an expired product service life, the following characteristics were investigated: static hardness, swelling, coefficients of swelling, the value of transverse anisotropy, density, static bending strength, splitting strength along the fibers, modulus of elasticity in compression, and the modulus of elasticity in static bending. The characteristics of PCW of the widespread fir species in the range of use from 0 to 20 years were explored, with intermediate control over the properties every 5 years. The dynamics of the physical and mechanical indicators of fir PCW were revealed and it was found that in the course of operation time in various conditions they change, mainly decreasingly: static hardness by 9.2-9.6%; the value of transverse anisotropy by 30-32%; strength: static bending strength by 3.4-7.95%, splitting strength by 4.49-8.67%; modulus of elasticity: in compression by 3.89-4.08%, in bending by 2.75-6.64%. The main causes of changes in the properties of PCW with age: natural: weathering, partial internal rot, insect damage, other biological effects; mechanical: splitting, scratches, small holes from means of fastening and other defects due to use; operational: the influence of power and dynamic loads, the influence of surface finishing agents and other factors on the structural elements of wood products. A summary table was compiled for the selection of indicators of the physical and mechanical properties of fir PCW of different ages. When knowing the indicators and dynamics of the physical and mechanical properties of PCW with age, it can be recommended for manufacturing structural materials – blockboards and furniture panels.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2023, 66, 212; Art. no. 177453
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new approach to homology modeling
Autorzy:
He, Y.
Scheraga, H. A.
Rackovsky, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-02-01
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
protein structure prediction
physical properties
Kidera factors
Fourier transformation
coarse-grained force field
Opis:
The need to interpret experimental results led to, first, an all-atom force field, followed by a coarse-grained one. As an aid to these force fields, a new approach is introduced here to predict protein structure based on the physical properties of th e amino acids. This approach includes three key components: Kidera factors describing the physical properties, Fourier transformation and UNRES coarse-grained force field simulations. Different from traditional homology modeling methods which are based on evolution, this approach is physics-based, and does not have the same weaknesses as the traditional homology modeling methods. Our results show that this approach can produce above average prediction results, and can be used as a useful tool for protein structure prediction.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2014, 18, 3; 211--218
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grzyby i odpady grzybowe jako nowe prekursory do otrzymywania adsorbentów węglowych
Mushroom and mushroom residues as new precursors for carbon adsorbents
Autorzy:
Koźlarek, Natalia
Bazan-Woźniak, Aleksandra
Pietrzak, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
biowęgiel
właściwości fizykochemiczne
fizyczna i chemiczna aktywacja
adsorpcja
biocarbon
physicochemical properties
physical and chemical activation
adsorption
Opis:
Undesirable changes in the bacteriological, physical and chemical properties of water are a consequence of introduction of excessive amounts of inorganic and organic materials to it. These pollutants limit or prevent the use of water for drinking, food production and household purposes. The greatest amounts of pollutants enter the watersystem with sewage. Also the pesticides,surfactants, organic dyes, artificial fertilizers along with municipal and industrial waste can easily enter water system and threaten the organisms living there. Another, equally important problem is the pollution of atmospheric air. Emission of solid liquid or gas pollutants to the atmosphere has been proved to have significant impact on human health, climate and nature. That is why the search for new and more effective technologies for the environment purification is a continuous challenge. Recently, increasingly often carbon materials are used as effective adsorbents of pollutants from liquid and gas phases.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2022, 76, 3-4; 221--236
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historia badań ciekłych kryształów
History of the research of liquid crystals
Autorzy:
Raszewski, Zbigniew
Zieliński, Jerzy
Kłosowicz, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203156.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
ciekłe kryształy
właściwości fizyczne
inżynieria materiałowa
wyświetlacze ciekłokrystaliczne
liquid crystals
physical properties
material science
liquid crystal displays
Opis:
Przedstawiono rys historyczny badań nad ciekłymi kryształami z uwzględnieniem zastosowań tych substancji. szczególną uwagę poświęcono badaniom prowadzonym w polskich ośrodkach naukowych od lat trzydziestych ubiegłego wieku do dziś.
A historical view of studies on liquid crystals is presented. application of those materials are also taken into account. special attention is paid to the studies conducted at Polish scientific centres since the thirties of the last century till now.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2022, 71, 1; 65--81
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of tractor wheels on physical properties of different soil types and the irrigation efficiency of the furrow irrigation method
Autorzy:
Vistro, Rahim Bux
Talpur, Mashooque Ali
Shaikh, Irfan Ahmed
Mangrio, Munir Ahmed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
furrow storage efficiency
ridge storage efficiency
irrigation methods
soil physical properties
tractor wheel trafficking
water use efficiency
Opis:
In furrow irrigation, the maximum lateral movement of water in ridges is more desirable than the vertical downward movement. This can be achieved by compacting the furrows. Thus, the study examines the impact on furrow soil compaction by tractor wheel trafficking during mechanical operations in the different soil types. In this experiment, the three-wheel tractor compaction includes: 1) control (no soil compaction), 2) compaction through 3-wheel tractor passes, and 3) compaction through 6-wheel passes under three different soil textural classes such as: clay loam, silty clay loam and silty loam soils. The impact of various treatments on clay loam, silty clay loam, and silty loam under 3- and 6-wheel passes showed increased bulk density (7–12%), field capacity (9–19%), ridge storage efficiency (35–38%), water use efficiency (16–20.5%) and decreased soil porosity (7–16%), infiltration (8–20%), and furrow storage efficiency (28–41%) over the control. This study shows comparable results of 6-passes with other studies in which more than 6-passes were used to compact the soil. This study suggested that farmers can maximise water use efficiency by compacting their furrows using 6-passes tractor trafficking.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 166--171
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Membranes obtained on the basis of cellulose acetate and their use in removal of phenol from liquid phase
Autorzy:
Przybył, Joanna
Bazan-Wozniak, Aleksandra
Nosal-Wiercinska, Agnieszka
Pietrzak, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cellulose acetate membrane
phase inversion
physical and chemical properties
surface
chemistry
phenol removal
Opis:
The membranes based on cellulose acetate (CA) were obtained by the method of phase inversion and used for removal of phenol (in concentrations of 15 and 25 mg/L) from liquid phase. To differentiate the hydrophilic properties of the membrane surfaces, different amounts of cellulose acetate (14 and 18 wt. %) and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a pore-generating agent (PVP, 1, 2, 3 or 4 wt. %) were used. The membranes were characterised by determination of their porosity, equilibrium water content, wetting angle and content of surface oxygen functional groups. After the application of membranes to phenol removal, the following parameters characterising the process were determined: permeability, membrane resistance, coke resistances, pore resistances, total filtration resistance and flux recovery ratio. The membranes were found to show higher effectiveness in phenol removal from a solution of the initial concentration 15 mg/L, and more effective were the membranes with higher contents of cellulose acetate. On the surface of the membranes the oxygen functional groups of acidic nature are dominant, both before and after filtration. The membranes of higher contents of cellulose acetate show higher resistances.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2022, 58, 2; art. no. 144174
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural and synthetic waxes in explosives – a review
Przegląd naturalnych i syntetycznych wosków stosowanych w materiałach wybuchowych
Autorzy:
Szala, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27787753.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
explosives
explosive compositions
waxes
natural waxes
synthetic waxes
physical properties
energetic properties
materiały wybuchowe
kompozycje wybuchowe
woski
woski naturalne
woski syntetyczne
właściwości fizyczne
właściwości wybuchowe
Opis:
The aim of the paper was to determine how many natural waxes are used in explosives and whether it is possible to make the waxes independent of natural sources. A review of natural and synthetic waxes used in explosives was made. The object of the review was literature not only closely related to explosives, but also other specialistic sources allowing for the identification of components used in materials called waxes. About 40 waxes have been identified that have been or are used in explosives in the world over the last 80 years. A mixture called a wax can therefore contain 2-5 different ingredients and practically none of the ingredients need to be a wax in the narrow sense. The rest of ingredients of the compositions called waxes are surfactants, emulsifiers, emulsion stabilizers, film-forming additives, etc. The composition and properties of about 20 of the most popular wax-containing explosives are presented. The results indicate that in next 10-20 years resignation from natural waxes is unlikely.
Wykonano przegląd wosków naturalnych i syntetycznych używanych w materiałach i kompozycjach wybuchowych. Zidentyfikowano ok. 40-tu wosków które były lub są stosowane w materiałach wybuchowych na Świecie na przestrzeni ostatnich 80 lat. Ustalono, że w literaturze przedmiotu terminem „wosk” zwykle określa się topliwą nieenergetyczną mieszaninę na bazie wosków naturalnych lub syntetycznych. Mieszanina nazywana woskiem może więc zawierać 2-5 różnych składników i praktycznie żaden ze składników nie musi być woskiem w wąskim tego słowa znaczeniu. Pozostałe składniki kompozycji nazywanych woskami to środki powierzchniowo czynne, emulgatory, stabilizatory emulsji, dodatki filmotwórcze itp. Przybliżono skład oraz właściwości ok. 20-tu najpopularniejszych kompozycji wybuchowych zawierających woski. Analizowane kompozycje wybuchowe można elaborować techniką prasowania lub odlewania.
Źródło:
Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne; 2022, 14; 26--34
2083-0165
Pojawia się w:
Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Separation and physicochemical properties of residual carbon in gasification slag
Autorzy:
Fan, Xiaoting
Fan, Panpan
Liu, Xiaodong
Ren, Zhenyang
Bao, Weiren
Wang, Jiancheng
Dong, Lianping
Fan, Minqiang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175447.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
waste treatment
gasification slag
physical properties
chemical properties
structural features
reaction kinetics
Opis:
Gasification slag is the solid waste produced in the coal gasification process, and its treatment and disposal problems are becoming more and more serious. In this study, the gasification slag produced in a chemical base in northern China and its residual carbon obtained by gravity separation of water medium were taken as the research objects, and their physicochemical properties were analyzed comprehensively. The residual carbon products, ash-rich products and high-ash products were obtained from the gasification slag after gravity separation. Under the optimal structure, the ignition loss of residual carbon products was reduced from 79.80% to 16.84%, and the yield was 11.64%. The high content of amorphous carbon and developed pores in the residual carbon provide the possibility of manufacturing high value-added materials. Raman spectrum showed that the residual carbon had lower aromaticity, higher content of small and medium aromatic ring structures, lower structural stability and easier combustion. Thermogravimetric combustion kinetics showed that the average combustion rate of residual carbon was 0.325(dm/dt)mean/%•min−1, the comprehensive combustion characteristic index was 1.41•10−9%2•min−2•°C−3. It has excellent performance and can be used as a raw material for mixed combustion in a circulating fluidized bed. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of residual carbon is of great significance for follow-up exploration of the resource utilization and high-value utilization of the residual carbon.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2022, 58, 6; art. no. 154928
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the Properties of Plain Cotton Fabric Strength in a Natural Environment for Upcycling Textiles
Autorzy:
Yang, Chen
Song, Ha-young
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
Tematy:
upcycling
recycled textile
cotton stock fabric
physical properties
comparison
Opis:
The research primarily aimed to observe the fibre structure of cotton stock fabric through a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then, textile durability, appearance, and comfort were tested in line with the international standards organization’s (ISO) guidelines. For this, the storage time and a series of performance indicators including breaking strength, tensile strength, colour fastness to soap washing, colour fastness to dry rubbing as well as wet rubbing were evaluated, tested and analysed. Finally, through statistically analysing the data obtained, the limit value of the physical performance index and storage time of the fabrics were acquired, and further forming of the upcycling standards of cotton stock fabric. In this study, two cotton fabrics were selected, namely, natural-coloured cotton fabric (width 162 cm, weight 120.8 g/dm2, density 281 / 10 cm × 252 / 10 cm) and black-coloured cotton fabric (width 157 cm, weight 136.1 g/dm2, density 482 / 10 cm × 210 / 10 cm). The research experiments showed that when cotton stock fabrics were stored in a natural environment (temperature 20℃, humidity 65%), as the storage time increased, the surface yarns gradually began to loosen, with some loose yarns appearing on the surface. After 90 days the loosening intensified, and after 270 days the yarn looseness was obvious. After 330 days, a break in the fibrous structure on the surface of the natural-coloured cotton stock fabric could be observed. When natural-coloured cotton stock fabric was stored in a natural environment for 360 days, it lost 4.4% of its warp-breaking strength and 12.56% of its weft-breaking strength. For black cotton stock fabric, the figures were 5.66% and 20.54% for the warp-breaking and weft-breaking strength, respectively.
Źródło:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2022, 5 (151); 28--38
1230-3666
2300-7354
Pojawia się w:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 291

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