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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 167
Tytuł:
Cmbustion of mixture of diesel fuel with gasoline in a compression ignition engine
Autorzy:
Tutak, W.
Jamrozik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion
engine
diesel
gasoline
combustion phases
Opis:
Paper presents results of experimental investigation of combustion process of diesel-gasoline blend in compression ignition direct injection engine. The researches were conducted for constant load of engine at constant rotational speed. Operating parameters of engine powered with diesel-gasoline blend were at the same level as for engine powered by pure diesel fuel. The preliminary study was conducted using CFD modelling. Based on encouraging modelling results preliminary experimental research was carried out. It turned out that it is possible to co-burning diesel with the gasoline as a blend. A mixture of 20, 40 and 60% of gasoline with diesel was used. It was concluded that an increase in gasoline fraction in blend causes delay of start of the combustion process. The homogeneity of the fuel-air mixture was improved due to longer ignition delay, which is accompanied by higher values of pressure rise rate. With 20 and 40% of gasoline fraction causes higher peak pressure compared to reference fuel-burning ware obtained. Up to 40% of gasoline fraction, the BSFC was kept at the same level as for reference fuel. It was observed that with the increase in gasoline fraction up to 40% NOx emission increased as well. Based on the carried out tests it can be stated that it is possible to co-burn gasoline with diesel in a compression ignition engine while maintaining the invariable engine operating parameters and exhaust emissions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 391-398
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problems of Holocene climatostratigraphy on the territory of Poland
Autorzy:
Starkel, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Holocene
climatostratigraphy
wetter and drier phases
Opis:
The pre sented cli ma to stra tigra phy of the Holo cene on the ter ri tory of Po land is based on a range of bi otic, sedi men tologi cal, geo mor pho logi cal and iso topic rec ords, but also takes into ac count fluc tua tions of tem pera ture and hy dro logical re gime. The author up holds the tra di tional di vi sion of the Holo cene into three ther mic phases and dis cusses inde tail dis tinct fluc tua tions in the hy dro logi cal re gime re flected in the al tera tion of wet ter and drier phases. Al though their pro files tend to be blurred, the lower bounda ries of the wet ter phases, which set off the trans for ma tion of geoe cosys tems (a pro cess re flected in the first clus ters of ex treme events), may be used to iden tify re gional stra tigraphic subdi vi sions. The su per im posed phases of hu man ac tiv ity have much smaller spa tial ex tent.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2006, 23; 17-21
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Detection of the entrance of Lugol’s solution into the aleurone layer during germination
Autorzy:
Lev, J.
Kameneva, L.
Blahovec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
imbibition
wheat
image analysis
germination
phases
method
Opis:
The movement of water into dry kernels is a critical step in germination, preharvest sprouting, and in the expression of dormancy. The soaking of kernels in Lugol’s solution allows for water uptake visualization by staining the cellular membranes and starch tissue. It is possible to recognize a stained aleurone layer during germination via image analysis (without cutting). A new method for the detection of Lugol’s solution in the aleurone layer of four wheat varieties is presented. The first entrance of the solution into the aleurone layer was detected. The rate at which the solution spread through the aleurone layer was also demonstrated. It was determined that the initial entrance time of the solution into the aleurone layer was different for the individual varieties (1.5-6 h) whereas the rate at which it spread in the aleurone layer was similar for the tested varieties and takes approximately 0.2-0.35 mm h–1. It was established that there is a close correlation between the solution speed in the aleurone layer and the mass increase during solution uptake for 3 out of 4 varieties.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 3; 383-388
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrogeological Conditions and Natural Factors Forming the Regime of Groundwater Levels in the Ivano-Frankivsk Region (Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Davybida, L.
Kasiyanchuk, D.
Shtohryn, L.
Kuzmenko, E.
Tymkiv, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
groundwater
hydrogeological zoning
geodatabase
Moon phases
earthquakes
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to carry out a complex analysis of conditions and natural factors forming the hydrogeological regime as well as to integrate the existing information and groundwater monitoring data in Ivano-Frankivsk region for further creating the unified automated system to collect, process, analyze and store the monitoring observation data. The authors offer methodology, which is based on the geoinformation approach, for organizing and monitoring of the groundwater. The structure of spatial and attributive data that afford to systemize the existing schemes of the hydrogeological zoning as well as the results of long-term observations over variability of the groundwater levels and factors forming the hydrogeological regime were developed. The new approaches for improving the techniques to forecast the groundwater level with due consideration of temporal patterns for changes in water level, the Moon phases and seismic activity, are proposed. The obtained results are considered as an informational basis for reorganization of the state hydrogeological monitoring on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk region.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 6; 34-44
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elimination of Negative Effect of Fe in Secondary Alloys AlSi6Cu4 (En Ac 45 000, A 319) by Nickel
Rola Ni w eliminowaniu szkodliwego wpływu faz zawierających Fe w stopach wtórnych AlSi6Cu4 (En Ac 45 000, A 319)
Autorzy:
Bolibruchová, D.
Macko, J.
Brůna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
iron based phases
thermal analysis
iron based phases correctors
nickel
fazy zawierające żelazo
analiza termiczna
usuwanie żelaza
nikiel
Opis:
Submitted article deals with influence of iron based phases segregation by nickel, which is in literature known as iron based phases corrector. Iron is one of the most common impurities that can be found in Al-Si alloys. It is impossible to remove iron from melt by standard operations, but it is possible to eliminate iron negative effects by addition of other elements, that enables segregation of iron in form of intermetallics with less harmful effect. For melt treatment was selected an exact alloy with requested iron content - master alloy AlNi20. Influence of nickel was evaluated quantitatively by chemical analysis (solubility), thermal analysis and microstructure evaluation. Experimental results analysis shows a new view on solubility of iron based phases during melt preparation and treatment with higher iron content and also nickel effect as iron corrector of iron based phases. It can be concluded that nickel did not influenced iron based phases (β-phases), it does not change their type into more favorable form. As an initial impulse for starting this work was insufficient theoretical knowledge of usage secondary alloys Al-Si-Cu with higher iron content and its appropriate elimination in process of castings production for automotive industry. Increased iron content in alloys causes segregation of iron phases in various shapes and types during solidification, which subsequently affects quality, soundness and lifetime of castings. Because of increased demands for casting quality, final mechanical properties and effort to reduce costs, it is necessary to look for compromises in casting production from secondary alloys with occurrence of various impurities.
Artykuł opisuje wpływ dodatku niklu| do stopów wtórnych Al-Si-Cu na segregację faz zawierających żelazo, które jest jednym z najpowszechniej występujących zanieczyszczeń w tych stopach. Powszechnie wiadomo, iż nie jest możliwe usunięcie żelaza z kąpieli metalowej, natomiast można ograniczać negatywny jego wpływ poprzez związanie żelaza w fazach między- metalicznych mniej szkodliwych niż fazy β Fe, np. w następstwie dodatku innych pierwiastków. W badaniach do obróbki kąpieli zastosowano zaprawę AlNi20 z dokładnie określoną zawartością żelaza. Oddziały wanie niklu na skład i morfologię faz żelazowych określano na drodze analizy chemicznej (badania rozpuszczalności), analizy termicznej i oceny struktury. Na podstawie wyników badań stwierdzono, iż w badanych stopach nikiel nie wywiera wpływu na zmianę składu fazy β Fe, nie zmienia również kształtu jej wydzieleń do postaci bardziej korzystnej z punktu widzenia wpływu na właściwości.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 2; 717-721
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reurbanizacja w świetle dotychczasowych badań nad miastami europejskimi
Reurbanisation and the hitherto European research practice
Autorzy:
Zasina, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838107.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
phases of urbanisation
reurbanisation
fazy urbanizacji
reurbanizacja
Opis:
Badania nad cyklami życia miast sięgają lat 60. XX w. Odkąd w roku 1982 opublikowany został czteroetapowy model rozwoju miast – znany jako model Klaassena – przed miejskimi obszarami funkcjonalnymi zaczęto roztaczać wizje ponownego rozkwitu ich rdzeni, co miało nastąpić wskutek uruchomienia etapu reurbanizacji. Po latach ucieczki mieszkańców na przedmieścia spodziewano się ich ponownego napływu do obszarów centralnych miast. Artykuł skupia się na prezentacji genezy i ewolucji pojęcia reurbanizacji oraz charakteryzuje dotychczasowe próby empirycznej weryfikacji zachodzenia tego procesu przeprowadzone w ciągu trzech ostatnich dekad na przykładach miast europejskich. Przede wszystkim zaś w artykule podjęto próbę syntetyzacji wniosków płynących z tychże badań oraz próbę wskazania obszarów, które mogą stanowić wyzwania dla przyszłych inicjatyw badawczych dotyczących reurbanizacji.
Research on cities life cycles date back 1960s. Since the Klaassen model of urban development had been published, inner-city resurgence has started to be expected, due to the reurbanisation stage commence. After decades of city dwellers movement from cores to rings, the reverse process was anticipated to come into being. The paper starts with a presentation of the reurbanisation term origin and evolution. Furthermore, the hitherto empirical attempts of reurbanisation presence verification made on European examples are widely captured. Most of all, the paper synthesizes the conclusions of scientific activities focused on the field of reurbanisation and underlines the challenges for conducting future research attempts.
Źródło:
Studia Miejskie; 2015, 20; 155-166
2543-5302
2082-4793
Pojawia się w:
Studia Miejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advanced Deformation Stages in Duplex Steel Investigated using Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation
Autorzy:
Gadalińska, E.
Baczmański, A.
Zhao, Y.
Le Joncour, L.
Wroński, S.
Panicaud, B.
Francois, M.
Braham, C.
Buslaps, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
two-phases materials
mechanical behaviour
diffraction methods
Opis:
The grain scale of materials is an area still open for investigations within the field of materials science. The most helpful tools to perform this type of research are diffraction methods. Within the research project presented in this paper two experiments were carried out employing two different types of radiation: neutron (ISIS) and synchrotron (ESRF). The aim of the work was to describe the stress state in the necking zone during the occurrence of a damage phenomenon (Fig. 1.) in separate phase and to check the level of the homogeneity. The supplemental tools were the finite elements method and self-consistent modeling – it testified, confirmed and completed our experimental results and allowed us to formulate the justifiable conclusions.
Źródło:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2016, 8; 80-91
2081-7738
2300-7591
Pojawia się w:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of intermetallic phases on corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of duplex stainless steel and super-duplex stainless steel
Autorzy:
Paulraj, P
Garg, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
stainless steel
intermetallic phases
corrosion
mechanical properties
welding
Opis:
Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) and Super Duplex Stainless Steel (SDSS) have excellent integration of mechanical and corrosion properties. However, the formation of intermetallic phases is a major problem in their usage. The mechanical and corrosion properties are deteriorated due to the presence of intermetallic phases. These phases are induced during welding, prolonged exposure to high temperatures, and improper heat treatments. The main emphasis of this review article is on intermetallic phases and their effects on corrosion and mechanical properties. First the effect of various alloying elements on DSS and SDSS has been discussed followed by formation of various intermetallic phases. The intermetallic phases affect impact toughness and corrosion resistance significantly. Their deleterious effect on weldments has also been reviewed.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2015, 9, 27; 87-105
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic Analysis of Precipitation Process of MX-type Phases in High Strength Low Alloy Steels
Autorzy:
Opiela, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2024045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
precipitation
HSLA-type steel
MX-type phases
carbonitrides
Opis:
The paper presents the results of thermodynamic analysis of precipitation process of MX-type interstitial phases in austenite. The subject of the investigation were two newly developed high strength low alloy microalloyed steels with similar concentration of C and N and with diversified amount of Nb, Ti and V microadditions. Thermodynamic analysis of the state of phase equilibrium of structural constituents, taking into consideration the austenite of investigated microalloyed steels, was mainly focused on analytic calculations of chemical composition of austenite and the content and chemical composition of potential MX-type interstitial phases (M – metal, X – metalloid) as a function of heating or cooling temperature. The analysis of precipitation process of complex carbonitrides in austenite under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions has allowed to define stoichiometric compositions of carbonitrides as a function of temperature along with determination of their volume portion. This study was based on the model proposed by Hillert and Staffanson, which was subsequently developed by Adrian. The results of performed investigation can be used to develop the appropriate parameters of thermomechanical treatment of metallurgical products from the tested HSLA-type steels.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 2; 90-100
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected problems of technological preparation of production of a two-segment passenger inland waterways ship of a combined structure
Autorzy:
Górski, Z.
Pyszko, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260366.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
sandwich panels
documentations
phases of production
subdivision
structure
Opis:
This paper presents some aspects of technical preparation of production of inland waterways ship of combined structure contained partly: classical structures (bow and stern part) and sandwich panel structure. Due to prototype character of inland waterways ship structure it was decided to define a new subdivision of shipbuilding process into phases and create new classification principles if constructional and technological documentations.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2006, S 2; 91-96
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Comparative Study of the Feasibility of Cellular MAX Phase Preforms Formation by Microwave-Assisted SHS and SPS Techniques
Autorzy:
Dmitruk, A.
Lagos, M.
Naplocha, K.
Egizabal, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352206.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
MAX phases
SHS synthesis
microwave
SPS
porous preform
Opis:
Two methods were evaluated in terms of manufacturing of MAX phase preforms characterized with open porosity: microwave-assisted self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The main purpose of fabrication of such open-porous preforms is that they can be successfully applied as a reinforcement in metal matrix composite (MMC) materials. In order to simulate the most similar conditions to microwave-assisted SHS, the sintering time of SPS was significantly reduced and the pressure was maintained at a minimum value. The chosen approach allows these two methods to be compared in terms of structure homogeneity, complete reactive charge conversion and energy effectivity. Study was performed in Ti-Al-C system, in which the samples were compacted from elemental powders of Ti, Al, C in molar ratio of 2:1:1. Manufactured materials after syntheses were subjected to SEM, XRD and STEM analyses in order to investigate their microstructures and chemical compositions. As was concluded, only microwave-assisted SHS synthesis allows the creation of MAX phases in the studied system. SPS technique led only to the formation of intermetallic secondary phases. The fabrication of MAX phases’ foams by microwave-assisted SHS presents some interesting advantages compared to conventional manufacturing methods. This work presents the characterization of foams obtained by microwave-assisted SHS comparing the results with materials produced by SPS. The analysis of SPS products for different sintering temperatures provided the better insight into the synthesis of MAX phases, supporting the established mechanism. Dissimilarities in the heating mechanisms that lead to the differing synthesis products were also discussed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 575-582
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Welding thermal cycle-triggered precipitation processes in steel S700MC subjected to the thermo-mechanical control processing
Autorzy:
Górka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hardening phases
precipitation processes
TMCP steel
weld
HAZ
Opis:
This study presents tests concerned with welding thermal process-induced precipitation processes taking place in 10 mm thick steel S700MC subjected to the Thermo-Mechanical Control Process (TMCP) with accelerated cooling. The thermomechanical processing of steel S700MC leads to its refinement, structural defects and solutioning with hardening constituents. Tests of thin foils performed using a transmission electron microscope revealed that the hardening of steel S700MC was primarily caused by dispersive (Ti,Nb)(C,N) precipitates (being between several and less than twenty nanometers in size). In arc welding, depending on a welding method and linear energy, an increase in the base material in the weld is accompanied by the increased concentration of hardening microagents in the weld. The longer the time when the base material remains in the liquid state, the greater the amount of microagents dissolved in the matrix. During cooling, such microagents can precipitate again or remain in the solution. An increase in welding linear energy is accompanied by an increase in the content of hardening phases dissolved in the matrix and, during cooling, by their another uncontrolled precipitation in the form of numerous fine-dispersive (Ti,Nb)(C,N) precipitates of several nm in size, leading to a dislocation density increase triggered by type 2 internal stresses.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 321-326
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crystal structures of ErGe2 and TmGe2 compounds
Autorzy:
Matvijishyn, R.
Pavlyuk, V.
Shpyrka, Z.
Serkiz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410283.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
rare earths phases
crystal structure
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
Crystal structures of ErGe2 and TmGe2 compounds were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. Both TmGe2 and ErGe2 crystallized with the ZrSi2 structure type (space group Cmcm).
Źródło:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology; 2010, 14; 35-40
2083-7097
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numeryczny sposób wyznaczania całkowitych wartości nieoznaczoności pomiaru fazowego
Numeric approach of estimation of integer value of phases measurements
Autorzy:
Cellmer, S.
Rapiński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/341343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
pomiar fazowy GPS
ambiguity
GPS phase’s measurements
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiony opracowany przez autorów sposób poszukiwania całkowitych wartości nieoznaczoności pomiaru fazowego. Sposób ten jest pewną numeryczną techniką poszukiwania optymalnego rozwiązania w teorii estymacji wartości całkowitych metodą najmniejszych kwadratów (theory of integer least squares). Zaprezentowano podstawy teoretyczne oraz przykłady numeryczne ilustrujące działanie metody.
The self developed by authors approach of integer value of ambiguity search for phase’s measurements is presented in the paper. This approach is one of the numeric techniques of optimal solution search in theory of integer least squares. Theoretical bases as well as numeric examples illustrating of method are presented.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Geodesia et Descriptio Terrarum; 2008, 7, 2; 29-36
1644-0668
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Geodesia et Descriptio Terrarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Fusion Characteristics of Ashes from Lignin and the Coke Breeze
Autorzy:
Fröhlichová, M.
Findorák, R.
Legemza, J.
Džupková, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biomass
ash
fuel
mineral phases
iron ore sinter
Opis:
In this paper are presented results of study fusion characteristics of the biomass ashes from the hydrolyzed lignin and the ashes from the coke breeze. The hydrolyzed lignin ashes were compared with the coke breeze ashes i.e. with a fossil fuel. These ashes were prepared in muffle furnace at the temperature of 550°C (hydrolyzed lignin) and 850°C (coke breeze). Biomass (the hydrolyzed lignin) represents the new fuels for sintering process and an attractive way to decrease CO2 emissions from the energy production. The characterization methods were the following: standard fuel characterization analyses, chemical and mineralogical composition of the ashes and phase analyses of the ashes of biomass and the coke breeze. These ashes were prepared by the same method. Characterisation of the ashes samples was conducted by means of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Quantitative analysis of the crystalline and amorphous phases in each of the ash samples were carried out using the Rietveld method. The dominant phase of the ash from the coke breeze was mullite (Al6 Si2 O13 ). SiO2 is the dominant phase of the ash from the hydrolyzed lignin.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1523-1530
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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