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Tytuł:
Galician Oilfields
Autorzy:
Morawski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
Petroleum industry, Oil, Foreign capital, Economic history
Opis:
The article begins with the genesis of oil extraction and usage in Galicia, and concentrates on the interwar period. It shows the evolution of the usage of oil, from lighting towards combustion engines, and follows the structural problems this posed for the sector. It maps out extraction between particular oil fields, and explores how the profile of production changed over time. Finally, it deals with the role of foreign capital, the processes of monopolisation, and the impact of the sector on the local society.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2017, 2; 15-32
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonrenewable Energy Sources in Poland
Nieodnawialne źródła energii w Polsce
Autorzy:
Saran, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386028.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
petroleum oil
natural gas
hard coal
brown coal (lignite)
węgiel kamienny
węgiel brunatny
ropa naftowa
gaz ziemny
Opis:
Hard and brown coal reserves, if rationally managed, will be sufficient for the next several decades. Taking natural gas into account, the amount of reserves will be appropriate in order to fulfill nearly 1/3 of the needs within a similarly long period. However, the condition is that some new gas fields ought to be discovered (which is still quite possible to happen). Nevertheless, the proven oil reserves are small, whereas the likelihood of discovering some new deposits is rather Iow. Currently (2006), the annual crude oil production extraded from drillings located in both mainland and the Baltic Sea oscillates around 0.70 Mton, whereas the oil consumption does not exceed 20 Mton. According to the data collected in 2006, the percentage of Polish crude oil share equaled 3.9. Fulfilling the future needs for oil and gas, as being carried out at present, will require imports of these media. Oil and natural gas in particular are used in Europe as a means of political pressure mainly from the Russia´s side. Thus, it is considered to be rather difficult, or even impossible for Poland to resolve the hydrocarbon fuel supply in an autonomous way. The problem, however, can be solved effectively within the framework of the European Union.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie zasobów surowców nieodnawialnych w Polsce. Źródła energii nieodnawialnej to wszelkie źródła energii, które nie odnawiają się w krótkim czasie. Ich wykorzystanie jest znacznie szybsze niż uzupełnianie zasobów. Do źródeł energii nieodnawialnej można zaliczyć między innymi ropę naftową, węgiel oraz gaz ziemny. Mineralne surowce energetyczne zazwyczaj charakteryzują się tym, że znacznie zanieczyszczają środowisko naturalne. W dzisiejszych czasach przemysł opiera się głównie na tych źródłach energii i z tego powodu od jakiegoś czasu możemy zauważyć spadek ilości ich zasobów.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2013, 7, 3; 89-97
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of the Impact of Petroleum Hydrocarbons on Sea Organisms
Autorzy:
Kurylenko, V.
Izosimova, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
hydrobionts
petroleum products
oil pollution
Opis:
According to many intenstigations, oil pollution cause difficult changes of structure and function of natural ecosystems, as well as violation of metabolic processes, production and destruction of organic matter, and consequently leads to a decrease in species diversity. Studies show that planktonic animals are quite sensitive to oil pollution of sea water, which accelerates their death in the concentration of 0.01 mg·dm-3.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 1; 26-29
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research into the effects of the effective microorganisms addition on the engine oil viscosity
Autorzy:
Krakowski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246239.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
petroleum products
oil viscosity
engine oil
microbiological contamination
effective microorganisms
Opis:
In the article, changes in the properties of oils during operation were characterized. The main reason for this is the continuous aging process of the used oil caused by the interaction of oxygen contained in the air, which reacts relatively easily with hydrocarbons and the oxidation process is accelerated just by high temperature. Then the problem of microorganisms occurring in petroleum products and their effect on the properties of oils and the operation of the internal combustion engine was presented. The next part of the article presents effective microorganisms, i.e. what they are and how they work, in particular, their composition and appropriate development conditions. In addition, some of their specific applications were briefly described. In the next part of the article, the research methodology, applied oil samples with additives of effective microorganisms, both for fresh oil and used oil were described. In addition, the measuring test stand with instrumentation and measuring device was shown. The main part of the article contains the characteristics of dynamic viscosity as a function of temperature for fresh oil and used oil compared with oils with the addition of microorganisms in liquid form and ceramic tubes. The developed graphs enabled analysis of the effect of the addition of microorganisms on oil viscosity as ecological products.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 105-112
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of ecotoxicological properties of oils in water
Autorzy:
Hybská, H.
Mitterpach, J.
Samešová, D.
Schwarz, M.
Fialová, J.
Veverková, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mineral oil
vegetable oil
petroleum substances
surface water
ecotoxicological tests
Opis:
The paper deals with the influence of oils on surface water pollution. Two mineral oils of petroleum origin, one synthetic oil and one vegetable oil were tested. Properties of the selected oil types were assessed by ecotoxicological tests. The acute toxicity test on Daphnia magna showed that out of the tested oils the most toxic for these aquatic organisms were the petroleum oils. In the phytotoxicity test on Sinapis alba, the toxic effect of mineral oils in comparison with synthetic and vegetable oil was more significant. Oils create oil stains visible under the microscope. It was difficult to differentiate them from Scenedesmus subspicatus. The calculation of growth rate was not relevant and a significant loss of cells was detected. It follows from the summary of the tests results that vegetable oil is the least aggressive for the aquatic environment and there are no significant differences between synthetic and mineral oils.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2018, 44, 4; 31-37
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Department of Fossil Fuels
Autorzy:
Świerczewska, A.
Górecki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
petroleum
applied geology
oil and gas deposits
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2016, 42, 2; 231-235
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods for controlling or limiting the development of microorganisms in petroleum products
Autorzy:
Krakowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
petroleum products
microbiological contamination
microorganisms
biocides
fuel
oil
Opis:
In the article, review of the literature on the subject currently used methods of controlling or limiting the development of microorganisms in petroleum products was made. The problem of microbial contamination in petroleum products was presented, which is still valid and is becoming more common. In the article, microbiological contaminants present in petroleum products were described. In the following part of the article the various methods of combating microbial contamination in petroleum products, which include physical methods, thermal disinfection and chemical methods were presented. In due to the limited use of physical methods, the article focused on methods widely disseminated. Combating harmful microorganisms using a biocide were described, which due to their harmful effects on beneficial microorganisms and the environment are becoming more and more limited use. Because of their harmful effects on beneficial microorganisms and the environment, their use is becoming more limited. Furthermore, another method of controlling microorganisms during storage of the fuel by means of cleaners that help to eliminate the water, reducing sludge was presented. Apart from the measures to combat microorganisms and additives of cleaning properties, the simplified methods for determining the amount of microorganisms in the fuel using the kits containing the finished substrate suitable for growth of microorganisms are described. These kits allow the monitor the status of microbial petroleum products and thus help prevent many crashes. In the final part of the article authors proposed other ways to control or limit microbial growth are presented. The work conclusions were completed. The most important is that there is a need to develop effective methods of combating microbial contamination of fuels and oils by means of measures environmentally friendly.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 281-288
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synchronous fluorescence spectra of water contaminated by dispersed crude oil
Autorzy:
Baszanowska, Emilia
Otremba, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
petroleum
dispersed oil
synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy
marine environment
Opis:
The development of petroleum extraction and transport technology does not ensure complete isolation of these substances from the natural environment. This problem is exacerbated by the location of mining equipment on the sea shelf and the fact that numerous submarine pipelines, tankers and handling terminals can also emit oil pollution. Therefore, the possibility of detecting oil dispersed in the water is particularly important. This paper reports the efforts to identify methods of characterization of the water containing the crude oil emulsion in a very low concentration (a few to several tens of ppm). Due to this, the effect of emulsion concentration on the possibility of its objective characterization using synchronous fluorescence spectra was studied. The similarity of spectra at various oil concentrations was analysed. It has been shown that the stabilization of the shape of synchronous fluorescence spectra occurs at relatively low oil concentrations.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2020, 50, 1; 161-169
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of petroleum pollutants in coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk
Autorzy:
Stelmaszewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
oil content
pollutant determination
fluorescence
coastal water
Gdansk Gulf
petroleum substance
sea water
petroleum pollution
Opis:
The paper presents an improved method of determining petroleum pollutants in water based on fluorescence, which allows the oil content to be estimated with an accuracy better than 50%. The method was used to measure the oil content in Gulf of Gdańsk seawater sampled at Gdynia-Orłowo between January 2006 and September 2008. The 174 measurements made during this period ranged from 1 to 120 μg kg−1, but the majority did not exceed 20 μg kg−1. The most probable level of contamination is c. 5 μg kg−1.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 1; 85-92
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrocarbons on sea water: steady-state spreading signatures determined by an optical method
Autorzy:
Boniewicz-Szmyt, K.
Pogorzelski, S.
Mazurek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
oil pollution
optical method
sea water
hydrocarbon
contamination
petroleum derivative
Opis:
The spreading properties of several hydrocarbons (vegetable, engine, gear and crude oils) on distilled and artificial sea water were determined under laboratory conditions using a novel optical method. With the aid of Langmuir’s equation, the geometrical signatures of a discrete lens of each hydrocarbon droplet floating on a water tank served to calculate the entering E (31.30–94.18 mN m−1) and spreading S (−3.50 to −57.49 mN m−1) coefficients, and equilibrium thicknesses t∞ (0.20–1.25 cm). They appeared to be in agreement with the values derived from direct interfacial tension measurements (Wilhelmy plate and stalagmometer methods). Empirical relations of the normalized lens radius rL/rdrop and S on the water surface tension γAW were postulated as being of significant value in oil spill assessment studies at sea. The parameters obtained together with the surface properties of a natural surfactant-containing water body represent the principal input data required for modelling the spreading of a surface-tension-gradient-driven oil spill at sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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