Temat: pests - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Zagrożenie sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) w Polsce ze strony Gibberella circinata
Threat to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Poland from Gibberella circinata
Autorzy:: Aleksandrowicz-Trzcińska, M.
Szaniawski, A.
Diez, J.J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989029.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:: lesnictwo
fitopatologia lesna
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
czynniki chorobotworcze
grzyby
Gibberella circinata
Fusarium circinatum
wystepowanie
choroby grzybowe
zagrozenia roslin
Polska
fusarium circinatum
invasive alien species
quarantine pests
Opis:: Since its initial discovery in 1945, pitch canker caused by Gibberella circinata (anamorph Fusarium circinatum) has become one of the most important pine diseases in the world. It infests 57 pine species (including Pinus sylvestris) and Douglas−fir. F. circinatum has been reported in both nurseries and forests on all continents except Australia and Oceania. Both vegetative and reproductive parts of the host plant (i.e. stem, branches, roots, flowers, cones and seeds) can be infected by F. circinatum. For mature trees, the main symptoms include bleeding resinous cankers on the stem and branches as well as tree death. In nurseries, F. circinatum causes pre− and post−emergence damping off as well as mortality of older seedlings. Dispersal of fungal spores occurs through air, water splash, soil, insect vectors and translocation of the infected plant material. Currently there are no effective means of controlling pitch canker, although there is ongoing research into using chemical, physical and biological methods, quarantine and breeding for resistance to control this disease. The occurrence of the disease depends mainly on the presence and density of the host species, favorable climatic conditions (especially high humidity), presence of suitable vectoring and wounding agents and various stress factors. Taking into account the above−mentioned factors, threat to Scots pine in Poland should be considered marginal, but it cannot be ruled out completely. KEY WORDS
Źródło:: Sylwan; 2017, 161, 05; 379-384
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:: Sylwan
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Występowanie oraz szkodliwość ważnych gospodarczo szkodników zbóż w gospodarstwach ekologicznych na Podkarpaciu w latach 2008-2010
Occurrence and harmfulness of economically important cereals pests in ecological farms in Podkarpackie province in 2008-2010
Autorzy:: Kaniuczak, Z.
Bereś, P.
Kowalska, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337497.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:: szkodliwość
szkodniki
zboże
gospodarstwo ekologiczne
harmfulness
occurrence
pests
ecological farm
Opis:: Zasiewom zbóż w gospodarstwach ekologicznych na Podkarpaciu zagraża wiele agrofagów, pośród których ważną pozycję zajmują szkodniki. Celem prowadzonych badań było rozpoznanie składu gatunkowego szkodników uszkadzających rośliny oraz określenie ich szkodliwości dla wybranych zbóż. Na podstawie wykonanych analiz stwierdzono, że najważniejszymi szkodnikami pszenicy jarej, pszenicy ozimej i orkiszu w rejonie badań były: skrzypionki, mszyce, wciornastki, niezmiarka paskowana oraz pryszczarki źdźbłowe.
Cereal crops in ecological farms in Podkarpackie province are threatened by numerous a grophages, amongst which pests have an important position. The aim of the studies was to determine the species composition for pests damaging plants and their harmfulness for selected plants. On a basis of performed analyses it was found that the most important pests for spring, winter and spelt wheat in the studied region were: cereal leaf beetles, aphids, thrips, barley gout fly and saddle gall midges.
Źródło:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2011, 56, 3; 189-195
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Wykorzystanie grzyba owadobójczego Isaria fumosorosea do zwalczania szkodników w uprawie bobiku
Use of the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea for pest control in faba bean cultivation
Autorzy:: Kuźniar, T.
Ropek, D.
Kulig, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127512.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: Isaria fumosorosea
biologiczna ochrona
szkodniki bobiku
biological control
pests
Opis:: Celem badań było określenie skuteczności zastosowania zarodników grzyba owadobójczego Isaria fumosorosea (szczep AP 112) w ograniczaniu szkodliwości oprzędzika pręgowanego (Sitona lineatus L.) oraz strąkowca bobowego (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) w uprawie bobiku. Doświadczenie poletkowe przeprowadzono w latach 2010-2011 w Prusach koło Krakowa. W doświadczeniu zastosowano dwie formy ochrony: zaprawianie nasion zarodnikami grzyba owadobójczego I. fumosorosea oraz opryskiwanie roślin zawiesiną zarodników w okresie wegetacyjnym. W obydwu formach ochrony zastosowano dawkę 1 · 1013 zarodników na ha. Zastosowana ochrona nie wpłynęła istotnie na procent liści uszkodzonych przez chrząszcze oprzędzika pręgowanego, natomiast wpłynęła na ograniczenie stopnia uszkodzeń brodawek korzeniowych bobiku, powodowanych przez larwy oprzędzika pręgowanego. Ponadto, w przypadku roślin chronionych, nasiona bobiku były w mniejszym stopniu uszkadzane przez strąkowca bobowego.
The aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea (AP 112 strain) in limiting the harm caused by the pea leaf weevil (Sitona lineatus L.) and the broad bean weevil (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) in faba bean cultivation. Experiments in the field were conducted in 2010-2011 in Prusy, near Kraków. Two methods of application were used: seeds dressing with I. fumosorosea spores and spraying the plants with a spore suspension during the growing season. In both cases, I. fumosorosea was applied at a rate of 1 · 1013 spores · ha–1. The applied insecticide did not significantly influence the percentage of faba bean leaves damaged by the pea leaf weevil, but did reduce the damage to the plant’s radicular nipples of faba bean. Furthermore, faba bean seeds that were protected by I. fumosorosea were less damaged by the broad bean weevil.
Źródło:: Proceedings of ECOpole; 2014, 8, 1; 201-207
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:: Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Współwystępowanie nicieni owadobójczych i szkodników drzew w zbiorowiskach leśnych w północnej Polsce
Co-occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes and tree pests in forest communities of northern Poland
Autorzy:: Dzięgielewska, M.
Skwiercz, A.T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985868.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:: lesnictwo
ochrona lasu
metody biologiczne
nicienie owadobojcze
Steinernematidae
Heterorhabidtidae
zywiciele potencjalni
owady
szkodniki roslin
wspolwystepowanie
steinernema
heterorhabditis
woodland
insect pests
host preference
Opis:: Repeating outbreaks of the Scots pine pests, effecting in stands damages, are the most important problems of forest protection. In extreme cases they pose a real threat to the stability of stands. Naturally occurring entomopathogenic nematodes are important regulatory factors in insect populations. Many species are employed as biological agents to control the insect pests. The objectives of this research was to describe the influence of potential forest pests on occurrence and abundance of entomopathogenic nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) were studied in woodland soils in northern Poland. Soil samples were collected from 2010 to 2015 from coniferous forests with abundant suitable insect hosts: the beetle grubs of Melolontha melolontha L. living in the soil (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and foliage feeders Diprionidae spp. (Hymenoptera) and the caterpillar of Dendrolimus pini L., Panolis flammea Den. et Schiff. and Bupalus piniarius L. butterflies. Nematodes occurred in all type of forest and 171 soil samples were taken from 40 localities. Each study plot was approximately 100 m2 and 20 cm deep; 50 individual samples were taken using Egner’s stick, making the bulk sample approximately 600 cm3 in volume. The presence of entomopathogenic nematodes in the soil samples were determined using a standard Galleria mellonella baiting technique. Entomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from 52 soil samples (30,4%). Three species of the genus Steinernema (Steinernema feltiae, S. affine, S. silvaticum) and anyone of the genus Heterorhabditis were recorded. S. feltiae was the most common species and distinguished by the largest ecological flexibility especially to hosts. The largest number of S. feltiae samples was isolated in the places of butterfly outbreak P. flammea and also in the places of mass occurrence of beetle grubs of M. melolontha. In the feeding places of beetle of Scarabaeidae a high share of S. affine was noted too. The more rarely noted was S. silvaticum especially in outbreak of Diprionidae spp. The most abundance of entomopathogenic nematodes community was 140 000 ind./m2 in sites with M. melolontha grubs.
Źródło:: Sylwan; 2018, 162, 12; 1007-1017
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:: Sylwan
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Wpływ pokarmu na imagines chrabąszczy Melolontha melolontha i M. hippocastani
Effects of food source quality on the adults of Melolontha melolontha and M. hippocastani
Autorzy:: Woreta, D.
Lipiński, S.
Wolski, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1295010.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:: lesnictwo
entomologia lesna
szkodniki roslin
chrabaszcz majowy
Melolontha melolontha
chrabaszcz kasztanowiec
Melolontha hippocastani
owady dorosle
przyrost masy ciala
przezywalnosc
dlugosc zycia
plodnosc
pokarm
preferencje pokarmowe
forest cockchafer
common cockchafer
forest pests
relative growth rate
mortality
food quality
Opis:: This paper presents the results of studies on the life span, survival, weight and fecundity of the forest cockchafer (Melolontha hippocastani, Fabricius, 1801) and the common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha, Linnaeus, 1758) beetle feeding on Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Betula pendula Roth., Carpinus betulus L., Fagus sylvatica L., Larix decidua Mill., Prunus serotina (Ehr.) Borkh., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Quercus robur L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Sambucus nigra L. and Sorbus aucuparia L. em. Hedl. The lifespan and weight of beetles as well as female fertility were examined in 2011 and 2013. Specimen for laboratory tests were collected in the field shortly after leaving their overwintering sites in the soil and identical experimental protocols were applied to both examined species. 576 and 432 beetles were tested in 2011 and 2013, respectively. In 2011, beetles were feeding on A. glutinosa, B. pendula, F. sylvatica, L. decidua Q. petraea leaves and on C. betulus, P. serotina, R. pseudoacacia, S. aucuparia and S. nigra in 2013. Both years, beetles feeding on Q. robur leaves were examined as a control. Our results showed that feeding on leaves of Q. robur and Q. petraea had the largest positive impact on the life time, weight and fecundity of the studied beetles. Leaves of F. sylvatica and L. decidua also constituted an adequate food source for the development of M. melolontha. M. hippocastani, however, did not perform as well when feeding on these two tree species. Females of M. melolontha reared on leaves of B. pendula did not lay eggs. The following plant species had a negative impact on the survival and development of the collected specimen and female fertility: A. glutinosa, S. nigra, P. serotina and R. pseudoacacia. Neither beetle species fed on the leaves of A. glutinosa or S. nigra.
Źródło:: Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 1
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:: Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Wpływ głębokości zaburzenia na liczbę gatunków szkodników sosny pospolitej (Pinus sylvestris L.) oraz ich liczebność w borach północno-wschodniego Kazachstanu
Influence of the disturbance depth on the number of Pinus sylvestris L. pest species and their abundance in the forests of north-eastern Kazakhstan
Autorzy:: Mussayeva, B.
Mokrzycki, T.
Sarsekova, D.
Osserkhan, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985749.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:: lesnictwo
Kazachstan
drzewostany sosnowe
zagrozenia drzewostanow
pozary lasow
huragany
drzewostany uszkodzone
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
szkodniki roslin
szkodniki pierwotne
szkodniki wtorne
wystepowanie
primary insect pests
secondary insect pests
scots pine
kazakhstan
Opis:: The research was carried out in the economic and natural Forest Reserve ‘Yertys Ormany’ in Pavlodarsk Oblast (Kazakhstan) in 2018. In the middle of May, two barrier traps of the ‘Netocia’ type (30, in total) were installed on each research plot damaged by wind, fire and great pine web – spinning pine sawfly – Acantholyda posticalis Mats. Insects were caught every month, from mid−June to mid−August. 1521 insects belonging to 67 species and 23 families were caught in the traps. Beetles clearly dominated. We also observed a great pine web and sirex woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabr. Of the beetles caught, 10% were thermophilic jewel beetles or metallic wood−boring beetles Buprestidae, among which Chalcophora mariana (L.) dominated. The highest average number of individuals was observed on sites damaged by A. posticalis, however, differences between the plots turned to be insignificant. The highest significant average number of species was observed on sites damaged by the fire and by the wind. The GLM analysis indicated the highest mean values of the Margalef index in plots damaged by fire and by the wind, but did not show significant differences between the average values of the fidelity index of the assemblages. The research confirmed the hypothesis of a greater number of species and individuals, and a higher diversity of pests in pine stands more strongly disturbed (i.e. damaged by the fire and by the wind). At the same time, there were no differences between the most seriously disturbed variants.
Źródło:: Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 1035-1042
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:: Sylwan
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: The utilization of microbes for sustainable food production
Autorzy:: Noor-Hassim, Muhamad-Firus Bin
Ng, Chuen L.
Teo, Han M.
Azmi, Wahizatul-Afzan
Muhamad-Zalan, Nurfarha Binti
Karim, Nurul-Afza Binti
Ahmad, Aziz
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16691961.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:: biocides
climate change
diseases
fertilizers
nanoparticles
pests
Opis:: As the global human population continues to grow, the demand for food rises accordingly. Unfortunately, anthropogenic activities, climate change, and the release of gases from the utilization of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are causing detrimental effects on sustainable food production and agroecosystems. Despite these challenges, there remain underutilized opportunities for sustainable food production. This review discusses the advantages and benefits of utilizing microbes in food production. Microbes can be used as alternative food sources to directly supply nutrients for both humans and livestock. Additionally, microbes offer higher flexibility and diversity in facilitating crop productivity and agri-food production. Microbes function as natural nitrogen fixators, mineral solubilizers, nano-mineral synthesizers, and plant growth regulator inducers, all of which promote plant growth. They are also active organisms in degrading organic materials and remediating heavy metals and pollution in soils, as well as soil-water binders. In addition, microbes that occupy the plant rhizosphere release biochemicals that have nontoxic effects on the host and the environment. These biochemicals could act as biocides in controlling agricultural pests, pathogens, and diseases. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of microbes for sustainable food production.
Źródło:: BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2023, 104, 2; 209-216
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:: BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: The effect of plant arrangement in soybean crop on presence of more important herbivores - preliminary results
Wpływ rozmieszczenia roślin w łanie na występowanie ważniejszych fitofagów soi - badania wstępne
Autorzy:: Cierpisz, M.
Twardowski, J.
Kozak, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/334868.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:: soybean
pests
plant
arrangement
organic farming
soja
szkodnik
rozmieszczenie
roślina
rolnictwo ekologiczne
Opis:: The aim of the study was to determinate the effect of soybean plant arrangement on the number and dynamics of the most important herbivores. Preliminary studies were carried out in 2015, at RZD Pawłowice, Poland belonging to Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. Colonization of plants by herbivores was compared for row spacing 15 and 30 cm and also for seeding rate 50 and 90 seeds per square meter. Plants were directly observed throughout the vegetation season and sweep net was also used for collecting arthropods. It has been demonstrated, that the row spacing has a significant impact on the incidence of herbivorous organisms. Thrips were most numerous group of arthropods that appeared on the soybean plants. A total of 2371 specimens were observed during collecting with entomological net and 1902 individuals during plant observations. Also great number of aphids, flea beetles and caterpillars occurred on soybean plants. Most of these pests inhabited soybean growing in the lower density.
Celem badań było określenie wpływu rozmieszczenia roślin w łanie na liczebność oraz dynamikę występowania ważniejszych fitofagów soi. Badania wstępne przeprowadzono w 2015 roku w RZD w Pawłowicach należącym do Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wrocławiu. Porównywano zasiedlenie roślin przez fitofagi przy rozstawie rzędów 15 i 30 cm oraz gęstości wysiewu 50 i 90 nasion na m2. Rośliny były obserwowane bezpośrednio przez cały okres wegetacji, a do odłowu stawonogów wykorzystano również czerpak entomologiczny. Wykazano, że rozstawa rzędów ma istotny wpływ na występowanie organizmów fitofagicznych. Najliczniejszą grupą owadów obserwowanych na roślinach soi były przylżeńce. Łącznie odnotowano 2371 osobników w odłowach za pomocą czerpaka entomologicznego oraz 2072 osobniki w trakcie obserwacji bezpośrednich roślin. Licznie na soi występowały również mszyce, pchełki oraz gąsienice motyli. Większość szkodników w większej liczbie zasiedlała soję rosnącą w mniejszej obsadzie.
Źródło:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2016, 61, 3; 48-52
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Szkodniki utrudniające produkcję drzewek śliwy w szkółce prowadzonej metodami ekologicznymi
Pests occurring in plum organic nursery
Autorzy:: Bielicki, P.
Badowska-Czubik, T.
Rozpara, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337569.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:: szkodniki
śliwa
szkółka
ekologia
pests
plum
organic nursery
Opis:: Występowanie i nasilenie szkodliwych owadów i roztoczy określano w latach 2008-2010. Obserwacje prowadzono w szkółce doświadczalnej zlokalizowanej na terenie Ekologicznego Sadu Doświadczalnego Instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa w Nowym Dworze Parceli koło Skierniewic. Szkodnikami utrudniającymi rokrocznie produkcję śliwy i ałyczy były pordzewiacz śliwowy (Vasates fockeui), mszyce (Aphidoidea), wciornastki (Thripidae) i pryszczarki (Cecidomyiidae). W mniejszym nasileniu występowały gąsienice zwójkowatych (Tortricidae) i chrząszcze naliściaków (Phyllobius sp) oraz przędziorki (Tetranychidae).
The occurrence and an intensity of the pests in plum organic nursery in 2008-2010 were investigated. Aphids Aphidoidea, plum rust mite Vasates fockeui, thripses Thripidae and midges Cecidomyiidae were the main pests encountered on plum apical and twigs. They have been drastically reduced plant growth. Thrips were preferentially drawn to blue and midges to yellow sticky tables. At the lower intensity tortricid larvae and spider mites were encountered and the beetles of Phyllobius genus were found occasionally.
Źródło:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2011, 56, 3; 23-26
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Synteza oraz aktywność antyfidantna laktonów
Synthesis and antifeedant activity of lactones
Autorzy:: Mazur, Marcelina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310040.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:: lactones
antifeedants
food deterrents
insect pests
laktony
antyfidanty
deterenty pokarmowe
szkodniki owadzie
Opis:: Antifeedants, or food deterrents, are substances that, by acting on the sense of taste of insects, entirely or partially inhibit their feeding and can be used to reduce the population of harmful species. Antifeedants have the advantage of low toxicity and high selectivity towards selected groups of pests, providing an alternative to the classically used insecticides, which usually have a broad spectrum of action and greater toxicity, even towards vertebrates. Among their numerous activities, lactones can exhibit antifeedant properties. However, the use of natural lactones as antifeedants is limited due to their low isolation yields from natural sources and complex chemical synthesis. Therefore accesible synthetic compounds are of great interest. This work presents the synthesis pathways and the deterrent activities of the lactones obtained in convenient transformations, often from natural terpene precursors.
Źródło:: Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2023, 77, 5-6; 533--554
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:: Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Spinosad jako insektycyd w rolnictwie ekologicznym - możliwości stosowania i monitoring pozostałości
Spinosad as insecticide in organic farming - possibilities of using and monitoring of residues
Autorzy:: Kowalska, J.
Drożdżyński, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/126415.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: spinosad
rolnictwo ekologiczne
zwalczanie szkodników
monitoring pozostałości
organic farming
control of pests
residues monitoring
Opis:: System rolnictwa ekologicznego wymaga stosowania ściśle określonych zasad produkcji roślinnej i zwierzęcej. Zostały one zawarte w unijnych i krajowych aktach prawnych. Spinosad nie znalazł się w Załączniku IIB Rozporządzenia (EWG) nr 2092/91 z dnia 24 czerwca 1991, w którym ujęto dozwolone substancje do ochrony upraw ekologicznych. W 2008 roku na mocy Rozporządzenia (EU) nr 404/2008 spinosad został wpisany do wspomnianego Załącznika IIB. Dotychczas w Polsce spinosad był stosowany głównie do zwalczania szkodników w szklarniowych uprawach roślin ozdobnych oraz wybranych szkodników w uprawach sadowniczych i warzywniczych. W krajach europejskich jego zastosowanie jest znacznie szersze. W artykule zamieszczono dane dotyczące możliwości stosowania spinosadu, który jest stosunkowo bezpieczny (z wyjątkiem pszczół i trzmieli) dla owadów pożytecznych. Charakteryzuje się szerokim zakresem możliwości stosowania, wykazuje jedynie ograniczoną skuteczność w stosunku do niektórych gatunków chrząszczy, szkodliwych owadów ssących, siatkoskrzydłych oraz roztoczy. Uważa się, że spinosad jest produktem ulegającym szybkiej degradacji pod wpływem promieniowania słonecznego, jednak w najnowszej literaturze pojawiły się doniesienia o wykryciu w produktach żywnościowych jego pozostałości. W celu monitorowania jego pozostałości był on (suma spinosynu A i spinosynu D) ekstrahowany z próbek gleb mieszaniną acetonitylu i wody oraz oczyszczany z wykorzystaniem ekstrakcji ciecz-ciecz na kolumienkach Chem-Elut. Natomiast z materiału roślinnego ekstrakcję spinosadu przeprowadzono metodą QuEChERS. Następnie badane związki oznaczano metodą ultrasprawnej chromatografii cieczowej z detekcją na tandemowym detektorze mas (RP-UPLC-MS/MS). Odzyski z próbek wzbogaconych dodatkiem standardu analitycznego spinosadu (średnia z sumy spinosynu A i spinosynu D) na poziomie 0,01 mg kg–1 wyniosły 93,2 i 99,8% odpowiednio dla gleby i materiału roślinnego (pomidory). Dolna granica oznaczalności dla spinosynu A i spinosynu D została ustalona na poziomie 0,01 mg kg–1 dla obu typów materiałów.
The organic farming requires of strictly defined plant and animal production’s rules. All of them are included in both the Polish and European legal acts and in the private standards of organic associations. Spinosad was not included in the Annex IIB of Regulation EWG No. 2092/91, where are listed all substances permited to use in protection of organic crops. In 2008 year spinosad was added to the mentioned Annex. In Poland spinosadis used to control only of selected pests in orchards, vegetables and ornamental plants. In the European countries this substance is applied against many others pests. Efficacy of spinosad is different and depends on mode of application and species of pest. In the article are presented data about spectrum of action of spinosad, which is relatively safe for benefitial organisms with exceptions of bees. Spinosad is very promising insecticide against injuries insects, the limited efficacy was observed for some beetles, the sucking insects, the lacewings and the mites, only. This product can be easy degraded by sunlight, but in the newest literature has appeared information on detection of residues of spinosad in food. In order of monitoring of spinosad it was (sum of spinosyn A and spinosyn D) extracted from soil samples using acetonitryle - water mixture and cleaning by solid supported liquid-liquid extraction (SLE, Chem-Elut) and from plant material using QuEChERS method followed by reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatography analysis with quadrupole mass detection (RP-UPLC-MS/MS). Recoveries for the samples spiked with spinosad at the level of 0.01 mg/kg averaged 93.2 and 99.8% for soil and plant material, respectively. The limit of quantification for spinosyn A and spinosyn D were 0.01 mg/kg for both types of materials.
Źródło:: Proceedings of ECOpole; 2009, 3, 1; 71-75
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:: Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Skin lesions in humans bitten by European pigeon tick Argas reflexus (Fab.) (Ixodida: Argasidae) massively occurring in the Upper Silesian conurbation of south-west Poland
Autorzy:: Buczek, A.
Bartosik, K.
Kulina, D.
Raszewska-Famielec, R.
Borzecki, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081662.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:: Public Health
skin lesions
urban environment
Argas reflexus
European pigeon tick
pests
Opis:: Introduction and objective. The great number of pigeon populations in many European cities promotes the spread of the European pigeon tick (Argas reflexus), the bites of which cause local and systemic reactions. The aim was to study the occurrence of A. reflexus in several cities of Upper Silesia, and skin lesions caused by A. reflexus tick bites in humans. Materials and method. The results of investigations carried out in 1995–2002 in five cities located in the Upper Silesian conurbation are presented. Specimens of A. reflexus were collected for one hour in attics and lofts inhabited by these ticks. A history of skin lesions caused by bites was taken from residents who had been infested by A. reflexus. The development of skin lesions was monitored for three months in two individuals who had been bitten several times by these arthropods. Results. In the localities, 987 A. reflexus specimens were collected, including 334 females, 269 males, and 384 various nymphal stages. Within one hour, 38–109 ticks specimens were collected at the study sites. Cases of attacks by unengorged A. reflexus were reported in all the habitats located in the residential buildings; the ticks were also found in residents’ flats and in staircases. Residents who had been repeatedly attacked by European pigeon ticks developed a strong inflammatory reaction to the components of tick saliva, and had purple papules with necrosis in the centre of the lesion. The tick bite areas exhibited scars and hyperpigmentation. Conclusions. Individuals attacked by A. reflexus several times are at risk of development of severe persistent local reactions to bites. Pigeon ticks, trophically associated with pigeons present abundantly in the Upper Silesian conurbation and other European urban habitats, pose a serious threat to public health.
Źródło:: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 2; 234-240
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Sensitization to the storage mites Lepidoglyphus destructor and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari, Sarcoptiformes, Astigmatina) in a suburban population in Southern Poland
Autorzy:: Jakubas-Zawalska, Justyna
Asman, Marek
Solarz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972281.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
Tematy:: storage pests
mites allergens
occupational allergy
Lepidoglyphus desctructor
Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Opis:: Mite infestation of stored products is a serious threat to food safety and public health. These stored product mites are not only serious pests of stored food but also cause allergies in humans. Thirty serum samples from patients living in suburban areas of Upper Silesia (South Poland) were tested for sensitization to two species of storage mites: Lepidoglyphus destructor [LD] and Tyrophagus putrescentiae [TP]. Patient antibodies against particular antigens were identified using anti-human anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies. Fifteen protein fractions from LD gave positive reactions with IgE antibodies and 18 from TP. Seven of the 30 samples showed positive reactions to a protein fraction measuring about 29 kDa from LD and six reacted with a fraction measuring about 25 kDa from TP. These findings may imply the existence of many protein fractions with allergenic properties besides the characterized allergens in the two tested species.
Źródło:: Annals of Parasitology; 2017, 63, 3; 183-188
0043-5163
Pojawia się w:: Annals of Parasitology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Seed damage to different cultivars of pea by the pea moth (Cydia nigricana) and the pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum) in Radzików, Central Poland
Autorzy:: Boros, Lech
Wawer, Anna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148250.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021-12-30
Wydawca:: Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:: field pea
seed damage
pests
cultivar performance
Opis:: Two separate field trials, one with 22 multipurpose white-flowering cultivars and second with 8 cultivars of feed pea, were conducted to determine the degree of damage to seeds caused by the pea moth (Cydia nigricana) and pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum) and to study important agronomic traits of pea cultivars. Damage to pea seeds by the pea moth and pea weevil was common in the central region. The pea cultivars tested differed in their susceptibility to these two pests, as reflected by the value of percentage seed damage. The percentage of seed damage caused by pea weevil in this study was tenfold higher than that by pea moth. Highly significant effect of years of cultivation on all examined traits was shown. Seeds damage by both insects was most strongly affected by the precipitation and to lesser extent by mean daily temperature during pea growing seasons. For the set of white-flowering cultivars, the correlation between the amount of damaged seed and the amount of precipitation was r = - 0.47 and r= - 0.76 for pea moth and pea weevil respectively, while in feed pea cultivars only for seeds damaged by pea weevil a significant correlation (r= -0.84) was found. The second abiotic factor, mean daily temperature had a positive effect on the amount of damaged seeds, particularly caused by pea weevil in feed pea (r= 0.84). The cluster analysis identified cultivars with the lowest percentage of damaged seeds and high yield performance.
Źródło:: Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2021, 47; 3-9
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:: Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Rozmieszczenie zimujących stadiów przedimaginalnych osnui gwiaździstej Acantholyda posticalis Mats. w drzewostanach sosnowych będących ogniskami gradacyjnymi szkodnika
Distribution of wintering pre-imaginal stages of the great web-spinning pine sawfly Acantholyda posticalis Mats. in Scots pine stands being the outbreak centres
Autorzy:: Sławski, M.
Mokrzycki, T.
Perliński, S.
Rutkiewicz, A.
Sławska, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980205.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:: lesnictwo
drzewostany sosnowe
szkodniki roslin
osnuja gwiazdzista
Acantholyda posticalis
larwy zimujace
eonimfy
pronimfy
rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
autumn survey
scots pine pests
eonymphae
pronymphae
abundance
distribution variability
Opis:: Acantholyda posticalis Mats. for over twenty years increases the extent of occurrence and causes defoliation of Scots pine stands. The population size is estimated annually based on the autumn surveys of phytophagous insects, but accuracy of these prognoses is far from satisfactory. The aim of the study was to describe the spatial distribution of pre−imaginal stages of A. posticalis wintering in the litter and soil to improve the methods of survey currently applied in Polish forestry. The research was carried out in four forest district located in different regions of Poland. In each forest stand three following zones were outlined: the belt of trees on the edge of the stand adjoining to young plantation or thicket, the belt 15−20 m from the stand edge and the belt in the forest interior at least 30−40 m from the edge of a stand. 152 trees were examined and 1540 plots of size 1×0.5 m were established under their canopy. The pre−imaginal stages were searched within each of these plots in the litter and soil to the depth of 20 cm. Later on they were divided into eonymphae and pronymphae, and counted. The significant differences in number of pre−imaginal stages of A. posticalis between studied forest stands in different forest districts were found. The spatial distribution of larvae wintering in the litter and soil was highly variable in scale of both stand and single tree. The abundance of larvae depended on the distance from the forest edge, but the values of this parameter calculated for trees in the same zone also varied substantially. The lowest mean abundance of pre−imaginal stages of A. posticalis denoted under pines growing at the edges of trees stand. Within the canopy projection on forest floor, the distribution of larvae was significantly dependent on the distance from the tree trunk. The highest abundance was observed within one meter from the trunk. The survey method currently used for primary pine pest assessment in Polish forests bases on ten plots and five of them are located 1.5 m from the tree trunk. In the light of presented results, the assessment of A. posticalis number could be inaccurate, because half of these plots in which scrutiny of litter and soil take place, omit the areas of higher concentration of wintering stages of the pest.
Źródło:: Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 556-563
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:: Sylwan
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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